Side Effects of varicella (chickenpox) vaccine: A Synthesis of Findings from 28 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Varicella vaccine is highly effective in preventing varicella, a highly contagious childhood disease, and has been introduced as a single-syringe dose in many countries. 26 , 18 . The vaccine significantly reduces the risk of contracting varicella and is expected to prevent severe complications. 18 . However, like other vaccines, the varicella vaccine carries a risk of side effects. 3 . Side effects from the varicella vaccine are usually mild and temporary, but serious side effects can occur. 14 .

Reasons for Side Effects

The varicella vaccine uses live attenuated varicella virus. 12 . Therefore, some people may experience side effects after vaccination due to the immune response to the virus. 8 . Side effects are thought to be caused by allergic reactions to vaccine components or by an excessive immune response to the virus. 13 .

Common Side Effects

Fever

Fever is a common side effect after varicella vaccination. 13 . This is because the vaccine virus enters the body and the immune system is activated. 13 . Fever usually starts within 1-2 days after vaccination and subsides within a few days. 24 .

Rash

A rash can occur after varicella vaccination. 19 . The rash usually starts within 1-2 weeks after vaccination and subsides within a few days. 12 . The rash can resemble varicella and may be mistaken for it. 23 . However, the rash that develops due to vaccination is less severe than varicella, and serious complications are rare. 12 .

Pain

Pain and swelling at the injection site can occur after varicella vaccination. 24 . This is due to the immune response to the vaccine virus. 13 . Pain and swelling usually subside within a few days. 24 .

Other

In addition to the above, side effects such as fatigue, headache, and muscle aches can occur. 24 . These side effects are usually mild and temporary. 3 .

Side Effects Measures

Fever

If you are concerned about fever, consult a doctor. 13 . Antipyretics may be prescribed if necessary. 24 .

Rash

If you are concerned about a rash, consult a doctor. 19 . Usually no special treatment is required, but if the symptoms are severe, antihistamines or other medications may be prescribed. 12 .

Pain

If you are concerned about pain or swelling, consult a doctor. 24 . Analgesics may be prescribed if necessary. 13 .

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities

Many studies have confirmed that the varicella vaccine is generally safe and effective. 26 , 18 . The varicella vaccine significantly reduces the risk of contracting varicella and is expected to prevent severe complications. 18 . However, like other vaccines, the varicella vaccine carries a risk of side effects. 14 .

Differences

Each study shows different results regarding the incidence and types of side effects of the varicella vaccine. 24 . This is thought to be due to differences in the age and health status of the study subjects, the type of vaccine, and the method of administration. 12 . Differences in research methods and data analysis methods can also lead to differences in results. 13 .

Precautions for Application in Daily Life

The varicella vaccine is a highly effective preventive measure against varicella and has been introduced in many countries. 18 . Vaccination against varicella significantly reduces the risk of contracting varicella and is expected to prevent severe complications. 18 . However, like other vaccines, the varicella vaccine carries a risk of side effects. 3 . Serious side effects can occur, even though side effects from the varicella vaccine are usually mild and temporary. 14 . It is important to consult a doctor and fully understand the risks of side effects before receiving the varicella vaccine. 7 .

Limitations of Current Research

Research on the varicella vaccine is still insufficient. 13 . In particular, the long-term effects of the varicella vaccine are not yet fully understood. 25 . Further research is needed on how the varicella vaccine affects people with specific diseases or treatments. 6 .

Future Research Directions

Future research on the long-term safety and efficacy of the varicella vaccine is required. 10 . Further research is needed on how the varicella vaccine affects people with specific diseases or treatments. 6 . Research on the spread of the varicella vaccine and the acquisition of immunity to varicella is also needed. 20 .

Conclusion

Varicella vaccine is a highly effective preventive measure against varicella and has been introduced in many countries. 18 . Vaccination against varicella significantly reduces the risk of contracting varicella and is expected to prevent severe complications. 18 . However, like other vaccines, the varicella vaccine carries a risk of side effects. 3 . It is important to consult a doctor and fully understand the risks of side effects before receiving the varicella vaccine. 7 .

Literature analysis of 28 papers
Positive Content
26
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
1
Article Type
2
1
0
8
27
4.

Varicella zoster meningitis following COVID-19 vaccination: a report of two cases.

Author: BuranasakdaMarturod, KotruchinPraew, PhanthachaiKittisap, MootsikapunPiroon, ChetchotisakdPloenchan

VZ meningitis
VZ reactivation

This report describes two cases of varicella zoster meningitis developing within 10 days after COVID-19 vaccination, one with an inactivated vaccine and the other with a viral vector vaccine. While rare, this highlights the importance of monitoring for potential serious adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

5.

A practitioner's guide to the recombinant zoster vaccine: review of national vaccination recommendations.

Author: ParikhRaunak, WidenmaierRobyn, LecrenierNicolas

HZ prevention

The adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) is licensed in over 30 countries for herpes zoster (HZ) prevention in adults aged ≥50 years. This review analyzes national guidelines and recommendations on RZV use to identify similarities, differences, and potential gaps.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

6.

Varicella-zoster-virus vaccination of immunosuppressed children with inflammatory bowel disease or autoimmune hepatitis: A prospective observational study.

Author: SeitelTeresa, CagolLuana, PrelogMartina, FrivoltKlara, KrahlAndreas, TrenkelStefan, SpethFabian, MayerBenjamin, AlmanzarGiovanni, KoletzkoSibylle, DebatinKlaus-Michael, MertensThomas, PosovszkyCarsten

Immunoreactivity
VZV vaccination
Severe VZV disease

Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) receiving immunosuppressive treatment are at risk for severe varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection. This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of varicella zoster virus vaccination in susceptible patients with stable disease and documented immunoreactivity without interrupting their immunosuppression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Attitudes towards varicella vaccination in parents and paediatric healthcare providers in Hungary.

Author: HuberAnnamária, GazderJudit, DobayOrsolya, MésznerZsófia, HorváthAndrea

Childhood infection prevention

This cross-sectional study surveyed parents and paediatric healthcare professionals in Hungary regarding their attitudes towards varicella vaccination prior to its introduction in the National Immunization Program in 2019.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

Herpes Zoster and Its Prevention by Vaccination.

Author: JohnsonRobert W, LevinMyron J

Herpes zoster prevention

A new recombinant adjuvanted vaccine for herpes zoster (HZ) is more effective than the live attenuated VZV vaccine in preventing HZ.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

[Distrust of vaccination: Why?]

Author: HoussetB

Vaccine efficacy
Vaccine hesitancy

Vaccines have significantly reduced the burden of infectious diseases, but declining vaccination coverage has led to the re-emergence of preventable epidemics. This article examines the reasons for vaccine hesitancy, including concerns about safety and lack of trust in health authorities. It emphasizes the need for clear, transparent communication to address misconceptions and promote vaccination.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : French

10.

Protection against varicella with two doses of combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine or one dose of monovalent varicella vaccine: 10-year follow-up of a phase 3 multicentre, observer-blind, randomised, controlled trial.

Author: PoveyMichael, HenryOuzama, Riise BergsakerMarianne A, ChlibekRoman, EspositoSusanna, FlodmarkCarl-Erik, GotheforsLeif, ManSorin, SilfverdalSven-Arne, ŠtefkovičováMária, UsonisVytautas, WysockiJacek, GillardPaul, PrymulaRoman

Varicella prevention

This study assesses the 10-year vaccine efficacy of two different varicella vaccination regimens: two doses of a combined measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine (MMRV), and one varicella vaccine dose after one measles-mumps-rubella vaccine dose (MMR + V). The study compares the efficacy of these regimens to two doses of MMR for the prevention of confirmed varicella.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

13.

Post-immunisation fever and the antibody response to measles-containing vaccines.

Author: Carazo PerezS, BureauA, De SerresG

Antibody response enhancement

Fever is associated with a stronger measles antibody response independently of age and type of measles-containing vaccine (MCV).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Varicella-zoster-virus vaccination in immunosuppressed children with rheumatic diseases using a pre-vaccination check list.

Author: SpethFabian, HinzeClaas H, AndelSusanne, MertensThomas, HaasJohannes-Peter

Safe VZV vaccination

This study aimed to safely administer the varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine to pediatric rheumatic disease (PRD) patients at risk for severe chickenpox. The study implemented a pre-vaccination checklist to ensure adequate immune competence before immunization.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

16.

Safety of live vaccines on immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy-a retrospective study in three Swiss Travel Clinics.

Author: HuberFabienne, EhrenspergerBenoît, HatzChristoph, ChappuisFrançois, BühlerSilja, EperonGilles

Travel on immunosuppressants
Live vaccine risk

Immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory medications allow patients to live similar lifestyles to healthy individuals, including travel. However, live vaccines are generally contraindicated due to the risk of attenuated vaccine microorganism replication. This study investigates the safety of live vaccines in patients on immunosuppressive/immunomodulatory medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

18.

Varicella vaccination - the global experience.

Author: WutzlerPeter, BonanniPaolo, BurgessMargaret, GershonAnne, SáfadiMarco Aurélio, CasabonaGiacomo

Reduced disease burden
Varicella prevention
Herpes zoster incidence

This review summarizes the effectiveness and epidemiological impact of varicella immunization programs. Varicella vaccines are effective and safe, with one and two-dose schedules significantly reducing disease incidence, particularly moderate to severe cases. There is no evidence that vaccination shifts varicella to older age groups or increases herpes zoster incidence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Live attenuated varicella vaccine in healthy 12- to 24-month-old children.

Author: JohnsonC E, ShurinP A, FattlarD, RomeL P, KumarM L

Mild side effects
Varicella vaccine efficacy
Papular rash

The Oka/Merck varicella vaccine was safe and highly immunogenic in children 12 to 24 months of age. It was protective against 96% of exposures to natural varicella during the first year after vaccination, and cases of varicella that developed in immunized children were mild.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Postherpetic neuralgia: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and pain management pharmacology.

Author: Mallick-SearleTheresa, SnodgrassBrett, BrantJeannine M

Herpes zoster prevention
Pain relief
Side effects

This article reviews herpes zoster (shingles) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), a debilitating neuropathic pain that can occur after shingles. It emphasizes the importance of vaccination and antiviral treatment for preventing shingles and discusses the management of PHN, including first-line medications like gabapentin, pregabalin, and tricyclic antidepressants.

ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

23.

Adverse Events After MMR or MMRV Vaccine in Infants Under Nine Months Old.

Author: WooEmily Jane, WinieckiScott K, AryaDeepa, BeelerJudy

Measles vaccination
Developmental disorders
Fever
Gastrointestinal symptoms
Injection reaction
Vaccination error

This study reviewed reports of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine combined or measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine combined vaccination in infants less than 9 months of age. No major safety concerns were identified. These findings may facilitate discussions about the risks and benefits of vaccinating infants who are potentially exposed to measles.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

24.

A postmarket safety comparison of 2 vaccination strategies for measles, mumps, rubella and varicella in Italy.

Author: CocchioSilvia, ZanoniGiovanna, OpriRoberta, RussoFrancesca, BaldoVincenzo,

Vaccination safety
Febrile seizures

This study analyzed the safety profile of two different vaccination strategies for MMRV in children. The study found similar safety profiles between the two strategies, with no significant difference in adverse events. The findings emphasize the importance of monitoring vaccination safety and providing parents with accurate information about potential reactions.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.

Language : English

26.

Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of tetravalent vaccine for measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) in healthy children: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: LeungJulia Hy, HiraiHoyee W, TsoiKelvin Kf

Measles protection
Mumps protection
Rubella protection
Varicella protection
Fever
Rash

MMRV and MMR+V vaccines showed comparable immunogenicity against measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella. However, MMRV vaccination showed a higher incidence of fever and rash.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

27.

Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of zoster vaccine in subjects on chronic/maintenance corticosteroids.

Author: RussellAmy F, ParrinoJanie, FisherChester L, SpielerWolfgang, StekJon E, CollKathleen E, SuShu-Chih, XuJin, LiXiaoming, SchliengerKatia, SilberJeffrey L

Immunogenicity
Safety
Tolerability

This randomized, placebo-controlled study assessed the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of live virus zoster vaccine (ZV) in individuals receiving chronic/maintenance systemic corticosteroid therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

28.

Vaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients: attitudes, knowledge, and uptake.

Author: MalhiGurtej, RummanAmir, ThanabalanReka, CroitoruKenneth, SilverbergMark S, Hillary SteinhartA, NguyenGeoffrey C

IBD treatment
infection risk

The study assessed patient attitudes towards vaccination, knowledge of vaccine recommendations, and uptake of recommended vaccines.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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