Side Effects of adapalene: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Adapalene is a third-generation retinoid that has shown promise in treating acne. 9 Adapalene is effective in treating various aspects of acne, including comedolytic and anti-inflammatory properties, and is a good alternative to long-term antibiotic therapies. 9 However, adapalene can cause skin dryness, redness, and pain. 9 14 18 Additionally, adapalene may aggravate dermatitis or eczema. 9 Research is underway to target adapalene delivery to the pilosebaceous units to increase its effectiveness and minimize side effects on surrounding skin tissues. 9 Adapalene may also be effective in treating hand-foot syndrome, a side effect of chemotherapy. 21 Adapalene is known to increase levels of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), which may reduce chemotherapy resistance. 21 Adapalene has also been shown to improve skin moisture retention and suppress inflammation. 14 1 Furthermore, adapalene has shown promise as an antiviral agent against the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2. 4

Reasons for Side Effects

The side effects of adapalene are caused by irritation to the skin. Adapalene promotes cell turnover in the pilosebaceous unit, which can thin the skin's stratum corneum and make it more sensitive. Additionally, adapalene can trigger an inflammatory response in the skin. 9 18 7 Adapalene is also known to increase levels of aquaporin 3 (AQP3), a protein that plays a key role in skin moisture retention. 16 By increasing AQP3 levels, adapalene may increase transepidermal water loss, leading to dryness. 16

Common Side Effects

Dryness

Dryness is the most common side effect of adapalene. 9 14 18 This is because adapalene improves skin moisture retention while also increasing transepidermal water loss. 16

Redness

Adapalene can cause skin redness. 9 18 This is due to adapalene's ability to trigger an inflammatory response in the skin. 18

Pain

Adapalene can cause skin pain. 9 This is because adapalene can irritate the skin. 18

Itching

Adapalene can cause skin itching. 14 This is due to adapalene's ability to trigger an inflammatory response in the skin. 14

Peeling

Adapalene can cause skin peeling. 14 This is because adapalene accelerates cell turnover in the skin's stratum corneum. 14

Burning

Adapalene can cause a burning sensation on the skin. 11 26 This is because adapalene irritates the skin. 11 26

Countermeasures for Side Effects

Moisturizing

It is recommended to use moisturizers to reduce dryness caused by adapalene. 14 18 Moisturizers help improve skin moisture retention and prevent dryness. 18 24

Sunscreen

Adapalene can make the skin sensitive to sunlight. 9 Therefore, it is important to use sunscreen and avoid sunburns. 9

Start with a Small Amount

When starting to use adapalene, it is recommended to start with a small amount and gradually increase the amount used. 9 This is to allow the skin to become accustomed to adapalene. 9

Reduce Frequency

If you experience severe side effects from adapalene, you can reduce the frequency of use. 9 For example, if you were using adapalene daily, you could reduce it to a few times a week. 9

Discontinue Use

If you cannot tolerate the side effects of adapalene, discontinue use. 9 Side effects usually disappear quickly upon discontinuation. 9

Comparison of Studies

Similarities in Studies

Many studies have shown that adapalene is effective in treating acne. Studies have also revealed that adapalene may have side effects such as dryness, redness, and pain. Furthermore, adapalene is expected to improve skin moisture retention and suppress skin inflammation. 9 21 14 1 16

Differences in Studies

The incidence and severity of adapalene side effects vary from study to study. The effectiveness of adapalene also varies from study to study. This is because the patients and research methods differ in each study. 26 24

Precautions for Real-Life Application

Adapalene can be irritating to the skin, so people with sensitive skin should use it with caution. 9 18 7 Also, adapalene should not be used by pregnant or breastfeeding women. 8 It is important to consult your doctor before using adapalene. 9

Limitations of Current Research

Research on the side effects of adapalene is still insufficient. In particular, research on long-term side effects is lacking. 9 Also, adapalene side effects vary from person to person. 9 Therefore, it is difficult to predict the side effects of adapalene. 9

Future Research Directions

Research on methods to reduce the side effects of adapalene is needed. For example, research is being conducted to effectively deliver adapalene to the pilosebaceous unit and minimize side effects on surrounding skin tissues. 9 Research is also needed on the long-term side effects of adapalene. 9

Conclusion

Adapalene is a type of retinoid that is effective in treating acne, but it can have side effects such as dryness, redness, and pain. 9 14 It is important to consult your doctor and be aware of the side effects when using adapalene. 9

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
26
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
0
Article Type
6
1
0
4
26
3.

Novel and emerging treatment options for acne vulgaris

Author: AuffretNicole, ClaudelJean Paul, LecciaMarie-Thérèse, BallangerFabienne, DrenoBrigitte

Improved acne treatment

This review provides an update on the latest advances in acne treatment, including new formulations and emerging therapies. The review covers novel treatments like Clascosterone, Trifarotene, and Sarecy-cline, as well as improved formulations of existing compounds like minocycline and tretinoin. The emerging therapies target different aspects of acne pathogenesis, including sebaceous gland activity, inflammation, and the skin microbiome.

ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Dermal delivery and follicular targeting of adapalene using PAMAM dendrimers.

Author: GökçeBeyza B, BoranTuğçe, Emlik ÇalıkFiliz, ÖzhanGül, SanyalRana, GüngörSevgi

Acne treatment

This study developed and optimized adapalene (ADA)-loaded PAMAM dendrimer-based nanocarriers for topical acne treatment. PAMAM dendrimers effectively delivered ADA to hair follicles, suggesting a potential approach for improving acne treatment efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Increase adapalene delivery using chemical and herbal enhancers.

Author: SalimiAnayatollah, EmamMonasadat, Mohammad SoleymaniSaeed

High effectiveness
Low absorption

Adapalene is a good choice for treating acne with fewer side effects and high effectiveness. However, its absorption through human skin is low. This study investigated the effect of several enhancers on the skin absorption of adapalene.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Recent Advances Regarding the Therapeutic Potential of Adapalene.

Author: RusuAura, TanaseCorneliu, PascuGeorgiana-Andreea, TodoranNicoleta

Acne treatment
Anti-inflammatory
Antiproliferative
Immunomodulatory

This review highlights the various biological effects and therapeutic potential of adapalene, a third-generation retinoid used in acne treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

Adverse events related to topical drug treatments for acne vulgaris.

Author: OtlewskaAgnieszka, BaranWojciech, Batycka-BaranAleksandra

Acne vulgaris treatment
<i>Cutibacterium acnes</i> resistance
Pregnancy contraindication
Skin irritation

Topical medications are a common treatment for acne. This review discusses the safety profile of different topical medications for acne. The most common side effect is skin irritation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Targeted Topical Delivery of Retinoids in the Management of Acne Vulgaris: Current Formulations and Novel Delivery Systems.

Author: LatterGemma, GriceJeffrey E, MohammedYousuf, RobertsMichael S, BensonHeather A E

Acne treatment
Skin irritation

Topical retinoids are a mainstay of acne treatment, but they can cause skin irritation. This review explores the development of targeted delivery systems for topical retinoids to improve efficacy and minimize side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Adapalene-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) microparticles: Physicochemical characterization and in vitro penetration by photoacoustic spectroscopy.

Author: NadalJessica Mendes, Dos Anjos CamargoGuilherme, NovatskiAndressa, MacenhanWilliam Roger, DiasDaniele Toniolo, BarbozaFernanda Malaquias, LyraAmanda, RoikJoão Ricardo, Padilha de PaulaJosiane, SomerAloisi, FaragoPaulo Vitor

Treats acne
Dryness
Erythema
Scaling

Adapalene is a retinoid used to treat acne topically, but its commercial formulation can cause side effects. This study investigated the encapsulation of adapalene in PCL microparticles to circumvent these side effects. The microparticles showed high encapsulation efficiency and reduced in vitro transmembrane diffusion of adapalene, suggesting potential for improved topical delivery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

The safety and efficacy of four different fixed combination regimens of adapalene 0.1%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel for the treatment of acne vulgaris: results from a randomised controlled study.

Author: TanJerry, BissonnetteRobert, GrattonDavid, KerroucheNabil, CanosaJuliana Machado

Local tolerability issues

Modulating treatment regimens of adapalene/benzoyl peroxide (A/BPO) during the first four weeks of therapy for acne improved local tolerability without impacting overall efficacy outcome after 12 weeks. A/BPO every other night (A/BPO-EoN) was associated with improved local tolerability compared to A/BPO daily overnight.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

12.

Comparison of efficacy of aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy vs. adapalene gel plus oral doxycycline for treatment of moderate acne vulgaris-A simple, blind, randomized, and controlled trial.

Author: NicklasClaudia, RubioRocío, CárdenasConsuelo, HassonAriel

Reduced acne lesions
Side effects

ALA-PDT was found to be more effective than a combination of doxycycline and adapalene gel in reducing noninflammatory and total lesions in patients with moderately severe inflammatory acne.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

Fragility of epidermis: acne and post-procedure lesional skin.

Author: FabbrociniG, RossiA B, ThouveninM-D, PeraudC, MengeaudV, BacqueyA, Saint AromanM

Skin restoration
Fragile skin

‘Fragile skin’ is a condition that makes skin more vulnerable to damage, and can be caused by several factors. This study looked at the effects of skincare products on skin damaged by medical treatments. The results showed that these products were effective at restoring skin health.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

15.

Topical retinoids for acne.

Author: YehLindsey, BonatiLauren Meshkov, SilverbergNanette B

Acne treatment
Skin irritation

Topical retinoids are effective and safe for treating acne vulgaris in patients 12 years and older. They reduce acne lesions, improve severity, and prevent new lesions. Common side effects include erythema, peeling, and dryness.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

17.

Accelerated Onset of Action and Increased Tolerability in Treating Acne With a Fixed-Dose Combination Gel.

Author: FriedmanAdam, WaiteKim, BrandtStaci, MeckfesselMatthew H

Improved adherence
Treatment outcomes
Burning
Dryness
Erythema
Scaling
Stinging

A meta-analysis of 14 studies showed that adapalene/benzoyl peroxide gel (A-BPO) was effective and safe for acne patients. It reduced acne lesions by 40.8% within 4 weeks with minimal side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

A double-blinded, randomized, vehicle-controlled study to access skin tolerability and efficacy of an anti-inflammatory moisturizer in treatment of acne with 0.1% adapalene gel.

Author: ChularojanamontriLeena, TuchindaPapapit, KulthananKanokvalai, VarothaiSupenya, WinayanuwattikunWaranaree

Acne treatment
Irritation

A moisturizer containing licochalcone A, l-carnitine, and 1,2-decanediol was compared to a placebo for tolerability and efficacy in mild to moderate severe acne in Asian subjects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Do tutorials on application method enhance adapalene-benzoyl peroxide combination gel tolerability in the treatment of acne?

Author: KwonHyuck Hoon, ParkSeon Yong, YoonJi Young, MinSeonguk, SuhDae Hun

Acne treatment
Skin irritation

Fixed-dose combination adapalene 0.1% and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel is more effective than benzoyl peroxide alone in treating acne in Korean patients. However, it is less tolerable than benzoyl peroxide and may cause skin irritation. Dermatologists' education for application methods can significantly decrease these side effects while maintaining superior efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Adapalene loaded solid lipid nanoparticles gel: an effective approach for acne treatment.

Author: JainAmit K, JainAshay, GargNeeraj K, AgarwalAbhinav, JainAtul, JainSom Akshay, TyagiRajeev K, JainRakesh K, AgrawalHimanshu, AgrawalGovind P

Effective drug delivery
Reduced systemic penetration

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) can effectively deliver Adapalene (ADA), a retinoid used to treat acne, topically. ADA-loaded SLNs incorporated into carbopol hydrogel were found to target the skin epidermal layer and reduce systemic penetration, avoiding systemic uptake of ADA and localizing the drug in the skin epidermis. This novel carrier system holds potential for topical delivery of ADA in anti-acne research.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Treatment of capecitabine-induced hand-foot syndrome using a topical retinoid: A case report.

Author: InokuchiMasafumi, IshikawaSatoko, FurukawaHiroyuki, TakamuraHiroyuki, NinomiyaItasu, KitagawaHirohisa, FushidaSachio, FujimuraTakashi, OhtaTetsuo

HFS treatment

Topical adapalene successfully treated refractory hand-foot syndrome (HFS) induced by capecitabine, a chemotherapeutic drug. Adapalene may reduce cutaneous side effects of chemotherapy by increasing HB-EGF expression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

23.

Adjunctive usage of a non-comedogenic moisturizer with adapalene gel 0.1% improves local tolerance: a randomized, investigator-blinded, split-face study in healthy Asian subjects.

Author: MatsunagaKayoko, LeowYung-Hian, ChanRoy, KerroucheNabil, PaliarguesFlorence

Improved adapalene tolerance

Using a moisturizer with adapalene gel 0.1% improved local tolerance of the adapalene gel, which may lead to better adherence to treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Combination effects of cosmetic moisturisers in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris.

Author: MunehiroAsuka, MurakamiYumi, ShirahigeYoshie, NakaiKozo, MoriueTetsuya, MatsunakaHiroshi, YonedaKozo, KubotaYasuo

Improved water content
Reduced dryness

Using cosmetic moisturizers alongside topical adapalene and clindamycin phosphate gels for acne vulgaris did not affect treatment efficacy but significantly improved skin hydration and reduced dryness sensation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

25.

Low-cumulative dose isotretinoin treatment in mild-to-moderate acne: efficacy in achieving stable remission.

Author: BorghiA, MantovaniL, MinghettiS, GiariS, VirgiliA, BettoliV

Acne remission
Side effects

A low-cumulative dose regimen of isotretinoin was effective in inducing stable remission and preventing acne relapses in patients with mild-to-moderate acne.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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