Effects of allopurinol injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 34 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

The provided research articles focus primarily on the effects of albuterol, a common bronchodilator used to treat asthma, in various contexts and patient populations.

One study compared the immediate effects of nebulized isoetharine and albuterol in treating severe asthma exacerbations. It found that while isoetharine had a faster initial effect, the difference was negligible after one hour. However, isoetharine was associated with more side effects. 19

Another study investigated the dose-response effects of albuterol aerosol compared to isoproterenol and placebo. It found that albuterol was an effective bronchodilator with minimal side effects even at higher doses, and its effects lasted longer than isoproterenol. 1

Several studies focused on the adverse effects of beta-agonists like albuterol, including increased risk of death and exacerbations in some cases. 30 However, the study also noted that long-acting beta-agonists like salmeterol did not have the same association with increased asthma mortality. 30

The effects of therapeutic doses of inhaled albuterol on beta2-adrenergic receptor density and metabolic changes were studied, demonstrating no significant changes at those doses. 27

A study explored the long-term effects of albuterol in patients with cystic fibrosis, suggesting potential benefits for lung function. 24

The efficacy and safety of albuterol syrup in treating asthma in children aged 2 to 6 years were evaluated, demonstrating improved control of severe asthma. 13

The effectiveness of continuous versus intermittent nebulized albuterol administration for acute asthma was investigated, suggesting potential benefits for continuous nebulization. 17

A study compared the relative efficacy of theophylline and inhaled albuterol for chronic asthma, finding that theophylline provided longer-lasting effects. 12

Research compared inhaled levalbuterol and albuterol for acute asthma, finding no significant difference in efficacy or safety. 33

The study explored the effect of nebulized albuterol on early and late asthmatic responses. 3

The efficacy and safety of nebulized albuterol in treating acute bronchiolitis in infants were investigated. 5

The effectiveness of combined glycopyrrolate and albuterol treatment for acute asthma exacerbations was examined. 18

A study compared regularly scheduled versus as-needed albuterol use in mild asthma. 22

Albuterol was compared to isoproterenol as a bronchodilator in pulmonary function testing, finding no significant difference in potency or speed of action. 4

The effects of albuterol and terbutaline administered by metered-dose inhaler were compared, finding no significant difference in pulmonary response or side effects. 9

The optimal dose and effect of nebulized albuterol in acute exacerbations of COPD were investigated. 31

The effects of high-dose inhaled albuterol in severe chronic airflow limitation were studied. 6

A study compared the effects of Bricanyl Turbuhaler and Ventolin metered dose inhaler in treating exercise-induced asthma. 2

Albuterol and isoproterenol were compared in terms of their acute effects on cardiopulmonary function and gas exchange in asthmatic children. 15

The study explored the concept of partial versus full beta-receptor agonism with inhaled albuterol and fenoterol. 20

The study investigated the effects of prior diuretic treatment on the hypokalemic and electrocardiographic effects of inhaled albuterol. 8

A study compared the therapeutic ratios of R-albuterol and RS-albuterol in asthmatic patients. 29

Oral albuterol was evaluated for the treatment of childhood asthma. 16

The effects of an inhaled beta(2)-adrenergic agonist on lower esophageal function were investigated. 28

A study examined the beneficial effects of albuterol therapy delivered by heliox versus oxygen in severe asthma exacerbations. 32

The effect of regular salmeterol treatment on albuterol-induced bronchoprotection in mild asthma was investigated. 23

A study compared inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma. 7

The potential for tolerance to albuterol after treatment with salmeterol in patients with asthma was assessed. 25

A dose-response evaluation of levalbuterol versus racemic albuterol in patients with asthma was conducted. 26

A comparison of inhaled fenoterol and albuterol in asthma was undertaken. 14

The effects of high-versus low-dose, frequently administered, nebulized albuterol in children with severe, acute asthma were investigated. 10

The effectiveness of continuous versus intermittent albuterol at high and low doses for severe acute asthma in adults was compared. 21

The efficacy and safety of aerosolized albuterol and a dry powder formulation were compared. 11

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Albuterol is generally considered safe and effective for treating asthma in various forms and severity, including acute exacerbations, chronic asthma, and exercise-induced asthma. 19 , 1 , 30 , 27 , 24 , 13 , 17 , 12 , 33 , 3 , 5 , 18 , 22 , 4 , 9 , 31 , 6 , 2 , 15 , 20 , 8 , 29 , 16 , 28 , 32 , 23 , 7 , 25 , 26 , 14 , 10 , 21 , 11

Risks Summary

Albuterol, like many medications, has potential side effects. These can include, but are not limited to, tremors, palpitations, nervousness, headache, and muscle cramps. 19 , 1 , 30 , 27 , 24 , 13 , 17 , 12 , 33 , 3 , 5 , 18 , 22 , 4 , 9 , 31 , 6 , 2 , 15 , 20 , 8 , 29 , 16 , 28 , 32 , 23 , 7 , 25 , 26 , 14 , 10 , 21 , 11 . In rare cases, more serious adverse effects can occur. 30

Study Comparisons

Study Similarities

The majority of the studies highlight the effectiveness of albuterol as a bronchodilator for various asthma conditions and patient demographics. 19 , 1 , 30 , 27 , 24 , 13 , 17 , 12 , 33 , 3 , 5 , 18 , 22 , 4 , 9 , 31 , 6 , 2 , 15 , 20 , 8 , 29 , 16 , 28 , 32 , 23 , 7 , 25 , 26 , 14 , 10 , 21 , 11

Study Differences

The studies vary in their focus, such as comparing albuterol to other bronchodilators, investigating different delivery methods, examining long-term versus short-term effects, and exploring the drug's impact on specific patient populations like children, those with cystic fibrosis, or those with cardiovascular disease.

Consistency and Contradictions

The research generally supports albuterol's efficacy as a bronchodilator, but there are some areas where findings diverge, such as the potential for increased mortality with certain beta-agonists and the optimal dosing and delivery methods for specific situations. 19 , 30 , 17 , 33 , 10 , 21 , 11

Real-World Application Considerations

Albuterol is a common asthma medication, but its use should be guided by a healthcare professional. 30 It's important to understand the potential side effects and to follow prescribed dosage and administration instructions.

Limitations of Current Research

While research provides valuable insights, there are limitations, such as the need for larger-scale studies to explore long-term effects and safety profiles. 30 More research is also needed to determine the optimal dosing and delivery methods for different patient groups and asthma severity.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on better understanding the long-term effects of albuterol, including its impact on asthma control and the development of tolerance. 30 , 23 , 25 Additionally, further investigation is needed to clarify the potential risks associated with different beta-agonists, especially in vulnerable populations like children, the elderly, and those with cardiovascular disease. 30 , 15 , 16 Further study into different delivery methods, like inhalers versus nebulizers, is also important. 11

Conclusion

Albuterol is a widely used and generally effective bronchodilator for asthma. However, it's crucial to be aware of its potential side effects, to follow prescribed dosage and administration instructions, and to consult a healthcare professional for proper management of asthma. 30 Continued research is necessary to improve our understanding of albuterol's long-term effects and to identify the most effective and safe approaches for treating asthma in various populations.

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Effective for asthma
Long-acting
1
Bronchodilation
2
Inhibits asthma response
3
Effective bronchodilator
Rapid action
4
Bronchiolitis treatment
5
Bronchodilatation
Improved walk distance
6
Bronchodilation
Well tolerated
7
Improves bronchodilation
8
Bronchodilation
9
Asthma treatment
Reduced hospitalization
10
Improved lung function
Symptom relief
11
Asthma symptom reduction
12
Asthma Control
Improved Pulmonary Function
13
Effective bronchodilation
14
Bronchodilation
Improved cardiovascular function
15
Effective in children
Treats asthma
16
Safe nebulization
Spirometry improvement
17
Asthma Treatment
18
Effective bronchospasm relief
19
Lesser cardiac effects
Lesser metabolic effects
20
Improved FEV1 in acute asthma
21
Asthma treatment
22
Reduced bronchoconstriction
23
Improved spirometry
Reduced hospitalization
24
Asthma treatment
25
Asthma treatment
Bronchodilation
26
Asthma treatment
27
Improves FEV1
29
Bronchodilation
30
Bronchodilation
Faster recovery
31
Improved asthma exacerbation
32
Asthma treatment
34
Risk Keywords
Minimal side effects
1
Cardiovascular side effects
4
Increased heart rate
5
Decreased oxygen saturation
Ectopic beats
Increased heart rate
Tremor
6
Tremor
7
Cardiac arrhythmias
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
8
Minimal side effects
9
Hyperactivity
Tremor
Vomiting
10
No significant side effects
11
Insomnia
Irritability
Tremor
13
Mild side effects
14
Tremor
15
Increased heart rate
Side effects with higher doses
16
Side effects
19
Hypokalemia
Side effects
21
Asthma control issues
22
Tolerance
23
Beta-mediated side effects
26
Acid reflux
28
Decreased potassium
Increased heart rate
29
Asthma death
Asthma exacerbations
Cardiac failure
Cardiovascular death
Headache
Ischemic heart disease
Near-fatal attacks
Palpitations
Tachyarrhythmias
Tachyphylaxis
Tremor
30
Literature analysis of 34 papers
Positive Content
30
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
3
Article Type
32
1
2
2
34
1.

Dose-response effects of albuterol aerosol compared with isoproterenol and placebo aerosols: response to albuterol, isoproterenol, and placebo aerosols.

Author: SpectorS L, Garza GomezM

Effective for asthma
Long-acting
Minimal side effects

Albuterol aerosol was an effective bronchodilator with minimal side effects compared to isoproterenol. Albuterol was also successful in treating patients intolerant to isoproterenol.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

2.

Comparison between Bricanyl Turbuhaler and Ventolin metered dose inhaler in the treatment of exercise-induced asthma in adults.

Author: VilsvikJ, SchaanningJ, StåhlE, HoltheS

Bronchodilation

Both terbutaline and albuterol were effective bronchodilators in patients with exercise-induced asthma, but albuterol had a faster onset of action.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

The inhibitory effect of nebulized albuterol on the early and late asthmatic reactions and increase in airway responsiveness provoked by inhaled allergen in asthma.

Author: TwentymanO P, FinnertyJ P, HolgateS T

Inhibits asthma response

A high dose of nebulized albuterol inhibited both the early and late asthmatic responses, as well as the increase in bronchial responsiveness to histamine.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Comparison of albuterol to isoproterenol as a bronchodilator for use in pulmonary function testing.

Author: CasaburiR, AdameD, HongC K

Effective bronchodilator
Rapid action
Cardiovascular side effects

Albuterol and isoproterenol were equally effective as bronchodilators for pulmonary function testing, with both reaching peak response within 5 minutes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Nebulized albuterol in acute bronchiolitis.

Author: SchuhS, CannyG, ReismanJ J, KeremE, BenturL, PetricM, LevisonH

Bronchiolitis treatment
Increased heart rate

Nebulized albuterol was found to be a safe and effective treatment for infants with bronchiolitis, significantly improving accessory muscle score, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

High-dose inhaled albuterol in severe chronic airflow limitation.

Author: VathenenA S, BrittonJ R, EbdenP, CooksonJ B, WharradH J, TattersfieldA E

Bronchodilatation
Improved walk distance
Decreased oxygen saturation
Ectopic beats
Increased heart rate
Tremor

Higher doses of inhaled albuterol were associated with greater bronchodilation but also more side effects in 30 patients with chronic bronchitis.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Albuterol treatment for children with asthma: a comparison of inhaled powder and aerosol.

Author: KempJ P, FurukawaC T, BronskyE A, GrossmanJ, LemanskeR F, MansfieldL E, MurphyS, RatnerP H, ReeseM E, RogenesP R

Bronchodilation
Well tolerated
Tremor

Albuterol, an asthma medication, was studied in children aged 4 to 12 years, comparing its efficacy and safety when administered as an aerosol or dry powder. Both formulations were equally effective in providing bronchodilation with minimal adverse effects. A majority of children preferred the powder delivery system.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

8.

Prior treatment with diuretic augments the hypokalemic and electrocardiographic effects of inhaled albuterol.

Author: LipworthB J, McDevittD G, StruthersA D

Improves bronchodilation
Cardiac arrhythmias
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia

High doses of inhaled albuterol, a bronchodilator, can cause hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia, which may be exacerbated by diuretic therapy, potentially leading to cardiac arrhythmias.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

9.

A clinical comparison of terbutaline with albuterol administered by metered-dose inhaler.

Author: MunzenbergerP J, PapaioanouH A, MassoudN

Bronchodilation
Minimal side effects

Both albuterol and terbutaline were effective in treating asthma. They caused bronchodilation for about 4 hours. Both drugs had minimal side effects and there were no significant differences in pulmonary response or side effects between them.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

10.

High-versus low-dose, frequently administered, nebulized albuterol in children with severe, acute asthma.

Author: SchuhS, ParkinP, RajanA, CannyG, HealyR, RiederM, TanY K, LevisonH, SoldinS J

Asthma treatment
Reduced hospitalization
Hyperactivity
Tremor
Vomiting

High-dose nebulized albuterol was effective in treating severe, acute asthma in children. There were no significant differences in side effects between the high and low dose groups.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Comparison of inhaled albuterol powder and aerosol in asthma.

Author: BronskyE, BucholtzG A, BusseW W, ChervinskyP, CondemiJ, GhafouriM A, HudsonL, LakshminarayanS, LockeyR, ReeseM E

Improved lung function
Symptom relief
No significant side effects

This study compared the effectiveness and safety of inhaled albuterol in powder and aerosol forms. Both forms were equally effective and safe for patients with chronic obstructive airway disease.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Relative efficacy of maintenance therapy with theophylline, inhaled albuterol, and the combination for chronic asthma.

Author: JoadJ P, AhrensR C, LindgrenS D, WeinbergerM M

Asthma symptom reduction

Theophylline and a combination of theophylline and albuterol were more effective than albuterol alone in reducing asthma symptoms. The study showed that albuterol had a shorter duration of action, which may limit its effectiveness for managing nocturnal symptoms.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

13.

Albuterol syrup in the treatment of asthma.

Author: PiersonW E, ShapiroG G, FurukawaC T, BiermanC W

Asthma Control
Improved Pulmonary Function
Insomnia
Irritability
Tremor

Adding albuterol to theophylline treatment significantly improved asthma control in 17 children (2-6 years old) with severe asthma. No evidence of cardiotoxicity was found.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

A comparison of inhaled fenoterol and albuterol in asthma.

Author: KönigP, HordvikN L, SunderrajanE V

Effective bronchodilation
Mild side effects

Fenoterol and albuterol, both bronchodilators, were compared to placebo in asthmatic patients. Both drugs showed significant bronchodilation, with fenoterol providing a longer duration of effect but also more frequent side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Double-blind comparison of acute effects of inhaled albuterol, isoproterenol and placebo on cardiopulmonary function and gas exchange in asthmatic children.

Author: LittnerM R, TashkinD P, SiegelS C, KatzR

Bronchodilation
Improved cardiovascular function
Tremor

Albuterol aerosol was effective in treating 11 asthmatic children. It caused bronchodilation for up to six hours. No significant adverse effects were observed.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

16.

Oral albuterol in the treatment of childhood asthma.

Author: RachelefskyG S, KatzR M, SiegelS C

Effective in children
Treats asthma
Increased heart rate
Side effects with higher doses

Albuterol, a beta 2-adrenergic drug, was found to be effective in treating asthma in 20 asthmatic children. In a double-blind crossover study, albuterol syrup was superior to tablets in terms of effectiveness and duration of action.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

17.

Continuous versus intermittent albuterol nebulization in the treatment of acute asthma.

Author: LinR Y, SauterD, NewmanT, SirleafJ, WaltersJ, TavakolM

Safe nebulization
Spirometry improvement

This study compared the effectiveness of continuous and intermittent nebulized albuterol in treating acute exacerbations of asthma. The study involved 20 adult patients with acute exacerbations of asthma. The study found that albuterol can be given safely by either intermittent or continuous nebulization at this dose.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

18.

Effects of combined treatment with glycopyrrolate and albuterol in acute exacerbation of asthma.

Author: CydulkaR K, EmermanC L

Asthma Treatment

Glycopyrrolate and albuterol are both drugs used to treat asthma. This study investigated whether adding glycopyrrolate to an albuterol regimen would improve pulmonary function in patients with acute asthma.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Isoetharine versus albuterol for acute asthma: greater immediate effect, but more side effects.

Author: ShresthaM, GourlayS, RobertsonS, BidadiK, WainscottM, HayesJ

Effective bronchospasm relief
Side effects

Both isoetharine and albuterol were effective for acute severe asthma, with isoetharine demonstrating a significantly faster onset of action. However, isoetharine was associated with more side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Partial vs full beta-receptor agonism. A clinical study of inhaled albuterol and fenoterol.

Author: BremnerP, SiebersR, CraneJ, BeasleyR, BurgessC

Lesser cardiac effects
Lesser metabolic effects

Fenoterol was found to be a more potent beta-agonist than albuterol, resulting in greater maximum cardiac and metabolic effects. Albuterol, however, is associated with a lower risk of death.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Continuous vs intermittent albuterol, at high and low doses, in the treatment of severe acute asthma in adults.

Author: ShresthaM, BidadiK, GourlayS, HayesJ

Improved FEV1 in acute asthma
Hypokalemia
Side effects

Continuous nebulized albuterol treatment, at either high or standard doses, was found to be more effective in improving FEV1 in patients with acute asthma compared to intermittent treatment. The standard-dose continuous-treatment regimen had the greatest improvement in FEV1 with the least number of side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

Comparison of regularly scheduled with as-needed use of albuterol in mild asthma. Asthma Clinical Research Network.

Author: DrazenJ M, IsraelE, BousheyH A, ChinchilliV M, FahyJ V, FishJ E, LazarusS C, LemanskeR F, MartinR J, PetersS P, SorknessC, SzeflerS J

Asthma treatment
Asthma control issues

Inhaled beta-agonists are commonly used for asthma, but regular use may have negative effects. This study compared regular use of albuterol with as-needed use in patients with mild, stable asthma.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

23.

Effect of regular salmeterol treatment on albuterol-induced bronchoprotection in mild asthma.

Author: YatesD H, WorsdellM, BarnesP J

Reduced bronchoconstriction
Tolerance

Regular salmeterol treatment may lead to loss of bronchoprotection by albuterol to methacholine but not to AMP challenge, suggesting that regular salmeterol therapy does not downregulate mast cell beta 2-adrenoceptors.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of the long-term effects of albuterol administration in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Author: KönigP, PoehlerJ, BarberoG J

Improved spirometry
Reduced hospitalization

Maintenance therapy with albuterol showed significant improvement in spirometry and home PEFR measurements, suggesting long-term benefits beyond bronchodilation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

25.

Lack of subsensitivity to albuterol after treatment with salmeterol in patients with asthma.

Author: NelsonH S, BerkowitzR B, TinkelmanD A, EmmettA H, RickardK A, YanceyS W

Asthma treatment

The development of tolerance to beta2-agonists in asthma therapy is a topic of debate. This study investigated whether chronic therapy with salmeterol resulted in tolerance to the bronchodilator effects of albuterol. Results showed that chronic salmeterol therapy did not result in tolerance to albuterol, regardless of concurrent corticosteroid treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

26.

Dose-response evaluation of levalbuterol versus racemic albuterol in patients with asthma.

Author: HandleyD A, TinkelmanD, NoonanM, RollinsT E, SniderM E, CaronJ

Asthma treatment
Bronchodilation
Beta-mediated side effects

Levalbuterol, the single isomer version of albuterol, provides significant bronchodilatory activity and is well-tolerated. Lower doses of levalbuterol may be associated with fewer beta-mediated side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

27.

Effects of therapeutic doses of albuterol on beta2-adrenergic receptor density and metabolic changes.

Author: AnsteadM I, HuntT A, McConnellJ W, BurkiN K

Asthma treatment

Therapeutic doses of inhaled albuterol do not alter peripheral lymphocyte betaAR or have significant metabolic effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

28.

The effects of an inhaled beta(2)-adrenergic agonist on lower esophageal function: a dose-response study.

Author: CrowellM D, ZayatE N, LacyB E, Schettler-DuncanA, LiuM C

Acid reflux

Inhaled albuterol reduced lower esophageal sphincter (LES) basal tone and contractile amplitudes in the smooth muscle esophageal body in a dose-dependent manner in healthy volunteers.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

29.

The therapeutic ratio of R-albuterol is comparable with that of RS-albuterol in asthmatic patients.

Author: LötvallJ, PalmqvistM, ArvidssonP, MaloneyA, VentrescaG P, WardJ

Improves FEV1
Decreased potassium
Increased heart rate

The R-albuterol/RS-albuterol potency ratios for local (FEV(1)) and systemic effects (heart rate and K(+)) are similar, suggesting a comparable therapeutic ratio for R-albuterol and RS-albuterol in asthmatic subjects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

30.

Adverse effects of beta-agonists: are they clinically relevant?

Author: AbramsonMichael J, WaltersJulia, WaltersE Haydn

Bronchodilation
Asthma death
Asthma exacerbations
Cardiac failure
Cardiovascular death
Headache
Ischemic heart disease
Near-fatal attacks
Palpitations
Tachyarrhythmias
Tachyphylaxis
Tremor

The study reviews the evidence for adverse effects associated with regular use of inhaled beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonists (beta(2)-agonists) in asthma management, focusing on potential risks of asthma deaths, exacerbations, and cardiovascular effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

31.

A randomized controlled trial to assess the optimal dose and effect of nebulized albuterol in acute exacerbations of COPD.

Author: NairSuresh, ThomasEnson, PearsonStanley B, HenryMichael T

Bronchodilation
Faster recovery

This study investigates the optimal dose of inhaled albuterol for treating acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs). It compares the bronchodilator response to different doses of albuterol during and after recovery from AECOPD.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

32.

Beneficial effects of albuterol therapy driven by heliox versus by oxygen in severe asthma exacerbation.

Author: LeeDavid Lin, HsuChien-Wei, LeeHuan, ChangHsueh-Wen, HuangYuh-Chin T

Improved asthma exacerbation

Two trials showed that heliox-driven albuterol therapy improved peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) and reduced emergency department (ED) stay in patients with severe asthma exacerbation. Older patients and those with lower pretreatment PEF benefited most.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

33.

Levalbuterol versus albuterol for acute asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: JatKana Ram, KhairwaAnju

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of levalbuterol versus albuterol in acute asthma. Levalbuterol was not superior to albuterol in terms of efficacy and safety.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

34.

Efficacy of Inhaled Levalbuterol Compared to Albuterol in Horses with Recurrent Airway Obstruction.

Author: ArroyoM G, CouëtilL L, NogradiN, KamarudinM M, IvesterK M

Asthma treatment

Levalbuterol, the (R)-enantiomer of racemic albuterol, has bronchodilatory properties, while the (S)-enantiomer causes adverse effects. Levalbuterol improves pulmonary function in asthmatic patients with a longer duration of effect than albuterol.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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