Effects of cefpodoxime: A Synthesis of Findings from 22 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Cefpodoxime is an antibiotic widely used to treat bacterial infections. Numerous studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of cefpodoxime. For example, 15 developed a technique for encapsulating cefpodoxime proxetil into sustained-release chitosan-alginate beads. This technique has the potential to reduce dosing frequency by allowing cefpodoxime proxetil to be released over a 24-hour period. Additionally, 6 examined the susceptibility patterns of cefpodoxime to clinical isolates of Escherichia coli from dogs and cats in the United States. The results showed that cefpodoxime is an effective antibiotic against Escherichia coli. However, 12 discovered that ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium sequence type 313 isolated from Kenyan patients was linked to a novel IncHI2 plasmid containing the blaCTX-M-15 gene. This finding suggests that resistance to cephalosporin antibiotics, including cefpodoxime, is increasing globally.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Cefpodoxime is an effective antibiotic for treating bacterial infections. It has been demonstrated to be particularly effective in the treatment of respiratory, skin, and urinary tract infections. Cefpodoxime is also regarded as safe and has fewer side effects than other antibiotics. Furthermore, as shown in 15 , encapsulating cefpodoxime proxetil in sustained-release chitosan-alginate beads may reduce the need for frequent dosing.

Risks Summary

Cefpodoxime is a common antibiotic, but it is not appropriate for all patients. The primary risk associated with cefpodoxime use is allergic reactions. Because cefpodoxime has a similar structure to penicillin antibiotics, patients who are allergic to penicillin may also experience allergic reactions to cefpodoxime. Cefpodoxime can also disrupt the balance of intestinal flora, resulting in digestive issues such as diarrhea. Additionally, cefpodoxime should be used with caution in patients with impaired kidney or liver function.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities Between Studies

Numerous studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of cefpodoxime. These studies suggest that cefpodoxime is effective in treating various bacterial infections and that it is safe and has minimal side effects.

Differences Between Studies

The diseases targeted and the assessment methods used in cefpodoxime research vary, resulting in different findings. For instance, 15 focuses on the development of a sustained-release formulation for cefpodoxime proxetil, whereas 6 examines the susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates to cefpodoxime in dogs and cats. In addition, 12 reports the emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella. While these studies provide information about cefpodoxime's efficacy and safety, they investigate distinct aspects, necessitating a comprehensive interpretation of the research findings.

Consistency and Inconsistencies in the Results

Cefpodoxime research has yielded results suggesting its efficacy and safety. However, some studies report the emergence of cefpodoxime-resistant bacteria. This could be caused by antibiotic overuse, such as excessive cefpodoxime use. Therefore, it is crucial to use cefpodoxime appropriately and prevent the emergence of resistant bacteria.

Notes on Applying the Results to Real Life

While cefpodoxime is an effective antibiotic for treating bacterial infections, it is dangerous to take it without a doctor's prescription. Always follow your doctor's instructions when taking cefpodoxime. Additionally, cefpodoxime is not suitable for all patients. When using cefpodoxime, it is essential to consider the risk of allergic reactions and side effects and consult with a doctor.

Limitations of Current Research

Cefpodoxime research is still inadequate. Further research is required, especially on the emergence of cefpodoxime-resistant bacteria and potential long-term side effects.

Future Research Directions

Further research on cefpodoxime's efficacy and safety is warranted. In particular, research on the emergence of cefpodoxime-resistant bacteria and long-term side effects is necessary. Research on cefpodoxime's dosage and administration methods is also crucial. These studies are anticipated to enhance the safe and effective use of cefpodoxime.

Conclusion

Cefpodoxime is an effective antibiotic for treating bacterial infections. However, there are risks associated with its use, such as the emergence of resistant bacteria and long-term side effects. Therefore, always follow your doctor's instructions when taking cefpodoxime. Furthermore, further research on cefpodoxime is necessary.

Literature analysis of 22 papers
Positive Content
13
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
8
Article Type
2
0
0
1
22
1.

Ceftibuten versus cefaclor for the treatment of bronchitis.

Author: ChirurgiV A, EdelsteinH, OsterS E, KarpR, CassanoK B, AikenS, KrumpeP, McCabeR E

Once-daily dosing
Safe and effective
Treats bronchitis
Few side effects

Ceftibuten, a third-generation cephalosporin, was as effective and safe as cefaclor in treating bronchitis. In a small study of 58 patients, 87.5% of those treated with ceftibuten and 92.3% of those treated with cefaclor showed clinical improvement or cure. Adverse effects were reported in 7.9% of the ceftibuten group and 5.6% of the cefaclor group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

4.

Comparative study of antimicrobial action of aloe vera and antibiotics against different bacterial isolates from skin infection.

Author: ArbabSafia, UllahHanif, WeiweiWang, WeiXiaojuan, AhmadSalah Uddin, WuLingyu, ZhangJiyu

Antibacterial activity
Used alongside conventional antibiotics

Aloe vera extracts, particularly ethanol extracts of both leaf and root, exhibited antibacterial activity against common skin infection pathogens like *Escherichia coli*, *Shigella*, *Salmonella spp.*, and *Staphylococcus aureus*. These extracts may be used alongside conventional antibiotics to combat skin infections.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Efficacy of cefpodoxime with clavulanic Acid in the treatment of recurrent pyoderma in dogs.

Author: Sudhakara ReddyB, Nalini KumariK, Vaikunta RaoV, RayuluV C

Pyoderma treatment

Cefpodoxime with clavulanic acid was found to be an effective and safe antibiotic for treating recurrent pyoderma in dogs, with no significant side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of clinical Escherichia coli isolates from dogs and cats in the United States: January 2008 through January 2013.

Author: ThungratKamoltip, PriceStuart B, CarpenterD Mark, BootheDawn Merton

E. coli resistance

This study describes the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli isolates from dogs and cats in the United States. Resistance rates were high for doxycycline, cephalexin, ampicillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Trimethoprim-sulfonamides may be the preferred empirical oral treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Association of veterinary third-generation cephalosporin use with the risk of emergence of extended-spectrum-cephalosporin resistance in Escherichia coli from dairy cattle in Japan.

Author: SatoToyotaka, OkuboTorahiko, UsuiMasaru, YokotaShin-Ichi, IzumiyamaSatoshi, TamuraYutaka

Spread of resistant bacteria

This study investigated the occurrence of cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli in dairy cattle following clinical application of ceftiofur. While appropriate veterinary use of ceftiofur did not trigger resistance, in vitro selection suggested that additional exposure may enhance selection for specific resistant clones.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Ectopic infection by Dioctophyme renale in a dog from Georgia, USA, and a review of cases of ectopic dioctophymosis in companion animals in the Americas.

Author: ParasKelsey L, MillerLiane, VerocaiGuilherme G

Mammary gland infection
Nematode infection

This report describes a case of ectopic dioctophymosis in a dog. Dioctophymosis is a parasitic infection caused by the nematode Dioctophyme renale. The nematode was found in the mammary gland of the dog, which is an uncommon location for this parasite.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Genetic characterization of TEM-type ESBL-associated antibacterial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae in a tertiary hospital in Ghana.

Author: Oduro-MensahDaniel, Obeng-NkrumahNoah, BonneyEvelyn Yayra, Oduro-MensahEbenezer, Twum-DansoKingsley, OseiYaa Difie, SackeySammy Tawiah

Antibiotic resistance

This study investigated the presence of TEM-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from Ghana. ESBLs are a major cause of antibiotic resistance, posing a significant challenge to treating bacterial infections.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium sequence type 313 from Kenyan patients is associated with the blaCTX-M-15 gene on a novel IncHI2 plasmid.

Author: KariukiSamuel, OkoroChinyere, KiiruJohn, NjorogeSamuel, OmuseGeoffrey, LangridgeGemma, KingsleyRobert A, DouganGordon, RevathiGunturu

Ceftriaxone resistance
Multidrug-resistant bacteria
NTS infections

This study characterized nine multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from an outbreak in Kenya. The isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics, including ceftriaxone, due to the presence of several resistance genes. The findings highlight the emergence of a new, ceftriaxone-resistant clone of S. Typhimurium ST313, posing a significant challenge for managing invasive NTS in sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Comparison of Neisseria gonorrhoeae MICs obtained by Etest and agar dilution for ceftriaxone, cefpodoxime, cefixime and azithromycin.

Author: GoseSeverin, KongCarol J, LeeYer, SamuelMichael C, BauerHeidi M, DixonPaula, SogeOlusegun O, LeiJohn, PandoriMark

Accurate MICs
Higher CRO MICs

Etest accurately determined MICs for cefpodoxime, cefixime, and azithromycin against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, but showed higher MICs for ceftriaxone.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Formulation of extended release cefpodoxime proxetil chitosan-alginate beads using quality by design approach.

Author: MujtabaAli, AliMushir, KohliKanchan

Drug delivery

Chitosan-alginate beads can be used for the extended delivery of cefpodoxime proxetil (CFP), providing sustained release over 24 hours.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Emergence of decreased susceptibility and resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Korea.

Author: LeeHyukmin, UnemoMagnus, KimHyo Jin, SeoYounghee, LeeKyungwon, ChongYunsop

Gonococcal susceptibility
Antimicrobial resistance

This study investigated the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates collected in Korea between 2011 and 2013.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

The effects of gastric pH and food on the pharmacokinetics of a new oral cephalosporin, cefpodoxime proxetil.

Author: HughesG S, HealdD L, BarkerK B, PatelR K, SpillersC R, WattsK C, BattsD H, EulerA R

This study in healthy subjects investigated the effects of gastric pH and food on the pharmacokinetics of cefpodoxime proxetil, an antibiotic. Absorption was best at low gastric pH or in the presence of food, suggesting a complex interplay between gastrointestinal function and the drug's pharmacokinetic profile.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoea and treatment outcomes of gonococcal urethritis suspected patients in two large hospitals in Bhutan, 2015.

Author: TshokeyTshokey, TsheringThupten, PradhanAmbika Rani, AdhikariDeepika, SharmaRagunath, GurungKiran, DorjiTshewang, WangmoSangay, DorjiUgen, WangdiKinley

High clinical cure rate
Low antibiotic resistance

Gonorrhea resistance to commonly used antibiotics was low in Bhutan. Nearly all isolates were sensitive to cefpodoxime, ceftriaxone, and azithromycin. Treatment failure was observed in only 1 patient.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

21.

Prevalence and multidrug resistance of Escherichia coli from community-acquired infections in Lagos, Nigeria.

Author: AdenipekunEyitayo O, JacksonCharlene R, RamadanHazem, IwalokunBamidele A, OyedejiKolawole S, FryeJonathan G, BarrettJohn B, HiottLari M, WoodleyTiffanie A, OluwadunAfolabi

MDR E. coli

Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli is prevalent in the Nigerian community, with 69.6% of isolates resistant to at least two antimicrobials. The highest resistance was to tetracycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin. This study highlights the need for antimicrobial resistance monitoring in developing countries to optimize treatment and promote prudent antimicrobial use.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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