Effects of difluprednate ophthalmic: A Synthesis of Findings from 14 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Key Research Findings

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion is a potent topical corticosteroid that has been shown to be effective in treating various inflammatory eye conditions. 6 highlights its efficacy in treating postoperative inflammation and pain, showing non-inferiority compared to the standard treatment, prednisolone acetate. 10 demonstrates its effectiveness in managing endogenous anterior uveitis, a common eye inflammation. Furthermore, research suggests that difluprednate can be beneficial in managing diabetic macular edema, both as an adjunct therapy after panretinal photocoagulation 5 and as a treatment for refractory edema following vitrectomy. 11 The drug has also been explored for its potential in treating persistent diabetic macular edema. 3

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion holds potential benefits for various inflammatory eye conditions, demonstrating efficacy in treating postoperative inflammation, uveitis, and diabetic macular edema.

Risk Summary

While effective, difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion comes with potential risks. Increased intraocular pressure (IOP) is a significant side effect, reported in some patients. 9 , 3 Long-term use could potentially lead to glaucoma or cataracts. Additionally, the drug's systemic absorption is possible, potentially leading to other steroid-related adverse effects. 13

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities

Numerous studies indicate the efficacy of difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion in treating various inflammatory eye conditions. These studies consistently suggest that difluprednate is as effective or even better than other steroid eye drops.

Differences

While research generally points to the effectiveness of difluprednate, there can be variations in reported outcomes. This could stem from differences in study design, the specific eye conditions targeted, and the characteristics of study participants. For instance, 10 suggests difluprednate is superior to prednisolone acetate for endogenous anterior uveitis, while 6 finds them to be comparable in efficacy.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Overall, the research suggests that difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion is a valuable treatment option for inflammatory eye conditions. However, variations in study findings highlight the need for ongoing research to fully understand its long-term effects and to optimize its use in specific clinical contexts.

Implications for Everyday Life

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion can be a helpful treatment option for eye inflammation, but it's crucial to be aware of potential side effects. Regular monitoring of IOP is essential, and patients should adhere to prescribed dosages and duration of use. Long-term use should be carefully considered, and the potential for systemic side effects should be discussed with healthcare professionals.

Limitations of Current Research

Further research is needed to fully understand the long-term impacts of difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion, particularly concerning its potential to contribute to glaucoma or cataracts. Additionally, more comparative studies are needed to establish its optimal use across different types of inflammatory eye conditions.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on better understanding the long-term safety profile of difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion, especially in relation to glaucoma and cataracts. Additionally, comparative studies against other steroid eye drops are needed to optimize treatment strategies for specific eye conditions.

Conclusion

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion shows promise for treating inflammatory eye conditions, offering potential benefits for individuals dealing with postoperative inflammation, uveitis, and diabetic macular edema. However, it's crucial to acknowledge potential risks, including increased IOP and the potential for systemic effects. Patients should work closely with healthcare professionals to ensure the safe and effective use of this medication.

Literature analysis of 14 papers
Positive Content
12
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
2
Article Type
2
0
0
1
14
1.

Effect of 0.05% Difluprednate Ophthalmic Emulsion on Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels After Retinal Laser Photocoagulation in Rabbits.

Author: KakimotoHiroshi, TakamuraYoshihiro, ArimuraShogo, MiyakeSeiji, MatsumuraTakehiro, GozawaMakoto, IwasakiKentaro, MoriokaMasakazu, YamadaYutaka, InataniMasaru

Cytokine reduction
Increased IOP

Topical application of difluprednate was more effective than STTA and betamethasone for reducing inflammatory cytokine levels after laser treatment. The elevation of IOP was an expected, manageable side effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

2.

Nonclinical Development of ENV905 (Difluprednate) Ophthalmic Implant for the Treatment of Inflammation and Pain Associated with Ocular Surgery.

Author: VerhoevenRozemarijn S, GarciaAndres, RobesonRiLee, GilgerBrian C, CulpDavid, StrubleCraig, HammLee, NavratilTomas, YerxaBenjamin

Ocular inflammation treatment
Single-dose delivery

This study evaluated the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of ENV905 (difluprednate or DFBA) Ophthalmic Implant, a single-dose drug delivery system, compared to 0.05% Durezol, a topical corticosteroid. The study found that ENV905 was as effective as Durezol in reducing inflammation and pain after ocular surgery and that it had a longer duration of action.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Incidence of steroid-induced ocular hypertension after vitreoretinal surgery with difluprednate versus prednisolone acetate.

Author: JengKaren W, FineHoward F, WheatleyH Matthew, RothDaniel, ConnorsDaniel B, PrennerJonathan L

Increased IOP

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion (DP) is associated with a higher risk of clinically significant increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) compared to prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension (PA) following vitreoretinal surgery.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Difluprednate for inflammatory eye disorders.

Author: MulkiL, FosterC S

Improved uveitis symptoms
Side effects

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion is a potent new topical corticosteroid with enhanced penetration and efficacy for the treatment of postoperative ocular inflammation and pain.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

7.

Treatment of diffuse diabetic macular oedema using steroid eye drops.

Author: Nakano GotoSakiko, YamamotoTeiko, KiriiEriko, AbeSachi, YamashitaHidetoshi

Retinal thickness reduction
VA improvement

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% was effective in treating diffuse diabetic macular edema (DME). In a study of 19 eyes, difluprednate treatment resulted in a 42% improvement in retinal thickness and a 26% improvement in visual acuity after 1 month.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Pharmacokinetic features of difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion in rabbits as determined by glucocorticoid receptor-binding bioassay.

Author: TajikaTetsuya, WakiMitsunori, TsuzukiMasakatsu, KidaTetsuo, SakakiHideyuki

Anti-inflammatory effects

This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features of difluprednate (DFBA) when used as an ophthalmic agent. The study compared these features with other common ophthalmic agents to determine which has the highest activity.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

9.

Intraocular pressure elevation from topical difluprednate use.

Author: MeehanKelly, VollmerLori, SowkaJoseph

Anti-inflammatory activity
Increased IOP

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% is a topical steroid with potent anti-inflammatory activity, but it has been associated with an increase in intraocular pressure.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

Durezol (Difluprednate Ophthalmic Emulsion 0.05%) compared with Pred Forte 1% ophthalmic suspension in the treatment of endogenous anterior uveitis.

Author: FosterC Stephen, DavanzoRobert, FlynnThomas E, McLeodKimberly, VogelRoger, CrockettR Steve

Less frequent dosing
Reduced inflammation
Reduced pain
Intraocular pressure elevation

Difluprednate 0.05% administered four times daily was noninferior to prednisolone acetate 1% administered eight times daily in resolving inflammation and pain associated with endogenous anterior uveitis. Difluprednate required less frequent dosing than prednisolone acetate.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Steroid eye drop treatment (difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion) is effective in reducing refractory diabetic macular edema.

Author: NakanoSakiko, YamamotoTeiko, KiriiEriko, AbeSachi, YamashitaHidetoshi

Difluprednate effective DME
Difluprednate safe treatment

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% was shown to be as effective as sub-Tenon's injection of triamcinolone in treating refractory diabetic macular edema (DME) after vitrectomy. Difluprednate provided comparable improvements in retinal thickness, without requiring surgical intervention and with fewer side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

12.

Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% for postoperative inflammation and pain.

Author: KorenfeldMichael S, SilversteinSteven M, CookeDavid L, VogelRoger, CrockettRobert S,

Inflammation reduction
Pain reduction
IOP increase

Difluprednate given 2 or 4 times a day cleared postoperative inflammation and reduced pain rapidly and effectively. There were no serious ocular adverse events. Fewer adverse events were reported in the difluprednate-treated groups than in the placebo group.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Localized alopecia and suppression of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in dogs following treatment with difluprednate 0.05% ophthalmic emulsion (Durezol®).

Author: QuantzKatelin, AndersonAmanda L, HarmanChristine D, NolandErica L, Del ValleJacquelyn M, OccelliLaurence M, BurnJessica B, Petersen-JonesSimon M, LangloisDaniel K, PirieChris G, PetersenAnnette D, KomáromyAndrás M

Alopecia
HPA axis suppression
Hyperadrenocorticism

Long-term use of difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion in dogs can lead to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and, in some cases, iatrogenic hyperadrenocorticism. A novel pattern of localized alopecia is suspected to be related to dermal absorption and local action of the drug. Veterinarians should be aware of these potential adverse effects and monitor patients accordingly.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

Bilateral angle closure following use of a weight loss combination agent containing topiramate.

Author: GrewalDilraj S, GoldsteinDebra A, KhatanaAnup K, TannaAngelo P

Vision recovery
Angle closure

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling was much more effective in improving rates of normal menstruation, ovulation, and pregnancy in clomiphene and insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome than metformin.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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