Side Effects of mechlorethamine: A Synthesis of Findings from 28 Studies

  1. Home
  2. Side Effects of mechlorethamine
This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician.Data sources and disclaimers (data limitations, copyright, etc.)The analysis on "Side Effects of mechlorethamine: A Synthesis of Findings from 28 Studies" on this page is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). However, NLM does not endorse or verify these analyses.

This analysis is based on research papers included in PubMed, but medical research is constantly evolving and may not fully reflect the latest findings. There may also be biases towards certain research areas.

This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician. If you have concerns about "Side Effects of mechlorethamine: A Synthesis of Findings from 28 Studies", please consult your doctor.

For NLM copyright information, please see Link to NLM Copyright Page
PubMed data is obtained via Hugging Face Datasets: Link to DatasetPlease check the disclaimer.
This page's analysis is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Mechlorethamine is a chemotherapy drug used to treat various cancers, including Hodgkin's lymphoma and mycosis fungoides. Numerous studies have reported diverse side effects associated with mechlorethamine. For instance, according to 7 , mechlorethamine is primarily excreted through urine. Additionally, 8 suggests that topical application of mechlorethamine can lead to abnormal cellular changes in the skin.

21 indicates that mechlorethamine can trigger allergic reactions. Furthermore, 10 suggests that topical triamcinolone ointment might be beneficial for treating dermatitis induced by mechlorethamine.

6 highlights the potential for side effects of mechlorethamine to contribute to patients' emotional distress. Moreover, 28 emphasizes the importance of adjusting the dosage and application method of mechlorethamine based on individual patient conditions to mitigate side effects.

Mechlorethamine may be used in combination with other drugs, as shown in 19 . Additionally, 23 underscores that the dosage of mechlorethamine should be tailored to the patient's specific medical condition.

Reasons for Side Effects

Side effects of mechlorethamine are attributed to its ability to damage cellular DNA. While mechlorethamine effectively inhibits cell growth, it can also affect healthy cells, leading to various side effects. 24

Common Side Effects

Skin

Topical application of mechlorethamine may result in dermatitis or allergic reactions. 8 , 5

Gastrointestinal

Mechlorethamine can impact the gastrointestinal system, potentially causing nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. 6

Blood

Mechlorethamine can affect blood cells, leading to a decrease in white blood cell and red blood cell counts. 15

Lungs

Mechlorethamine may have adverse effects on the lungs, potentially causing pulmonary fibrosis. 1

Reproductive

Mechlorethamine can impact the reproductive system, potentially causing infertility. 12

Nervous

Mechlorethamine may affect the nervous system, potentially causing neurological disorders. 21

Side Effect Management

Dermatitis

Dermatitis caused by mechlorethamine can be treated with medications such as steroid ointments. 10

Nausea, Vomiting

Nausea and vomiting associated with mechlorethamine can be managed with medications such as antiemetics. 14

Leukopenia

Leukopenia caused by mechlorethamine can be treated with medications like granulocyte colony-stimulating factors.

Pulmonary Fibrosis

Preventing pulmonary fibrosis caused by mechlorethamine is crucial. Patients at high risk for pulmonary fibrosis may require reduced dosages of mechlorethamine or switching to alternative medications.

Infertility

Infertility caused by mechlorethamine is not preventable. Patients should be informed about the potential reproductive implications of mechlorethamine treatment before starting therapy.

Neurological Disorders

Preventing neurological disorders associated with mechlorethamine is vital. Patients with a higher risk of neurological disorders may require reduced dosages of mechlorethamine or switching to alternative medications.

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities

Numerous studies consistently report various side effects associated with mechlorethamine. These side effects stem from mechlorethamine's ability to damage cellular DNA.

Differences

The severity of mechlorethamine's side effects varies depending on the patient and the method of administration. Furthermore, variations in the assessment methods for side effects across different studies make direct comparisons challenging.

Considerations for Real-World Application

Mechlorethamine is a drug with a high risk of side effects. Always follow your doctor's instructions when taking mechlorethamine. It's also essential to gain a comprehensive understanding of the potential side effects before starting therapy.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on mechlorethamine remains incomplete. Notably, there are still gaps in our understanding of the long-term side effects of mechlorethamine.

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed to develop new therapies and preventative measures to mitigate the side effects of mechlorethamine. Moreover, more research on the long-term side effects of mechlorethamine is required.

Conclusion

Mechlorethamine is an effective drug for cancer treatment but can lead to a range of side effects. Always follow your doctor's guidance when taking mechlorethamine and ensure you fully understand the risks of side effects. Research is ongoing to develop ways to minimize the side effects of mechlorethamine.

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Pleurodesis
1
Not specified
2
Relieves allergy
Treats Hodgkin's
3
Oral cancer treatment
4
Antibiotic
Antimycotic
Antiparasitic
Antiseptic
Antiviral
Keratolytic
Skin treatment
5
Improved communication
6
Chondrosarcoma treatment
7
Improved quality of life
9
Contact dermatitis reduction
MF treatment
10
Antitumor effect
High complete remission
11
Counsel patients
12
Long-term benefit
No adverse effects
Rapidly effective
13
Control postchemotherapy symptoms
Reduce fatigue and pain
14
Complete remission
Satisfactory drug tolerance
15
Hodgkin's disease treatment
16
Possible antineoplastic effect
17
Complete remission
Minimal toxicity
18
Hodgkin's disease treatment
Reduced toxicity
19
Reduced chemotherapy
Reduced radiation therapy
20
Treat Hodgkin's disease
22
Hodgkin's disease treatment
23
Cancer treatment
24
Improved local control
Improved survival
25
Survival rates
26
High remission rate
Local control
27
MF treatment
28
Risk Keywords
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
1
Skin side effects
Systemic side effects
2
Allergic reaction
3
Side effects
5
Hair loss
Nausea
Tiredness
6
Atypical histologic changes
8
Side effects
9
Hair loss
Myelodysplasia
Myelosuppression
Nausea and vomiting
Pulmonary fibrosis
Sterility
11
Lymphoma treatment effects
Sperm aneuploidy
12
No significant difference between regimens
14
Myelosuppression
15
Secondary malignancies
Treatment toxicity
16
Agranulocytosis
Cardiotoxicity
17
Hematologic toxicity
Relapse
18
Erythrodermia
21
Lung injury
22
Secondary acute leukemia
Sterility
23
Secondary malignancies
Tissue toxicity
24
Mild ototoxicity
25
Long-term complications
Relapses
Second cancer
26
Literature analysis of 28 papers
Positive Content
22
Neutral Content
4
Negative Content
2
Article Type
2
0
1
6
28
1.

A new look at old agents for pleurodesis: nitrogen mustard, sodium hydroxide, and silver nitrate.

Author: VargasF S, CarmoA O, TeixeiraL R

Pleurodesis
Acute respiratory distress syndrome

Pleurodesis, a procedure to prevent recurrent pleural effusion, is a minimally invasive technique. Talc is the most commonly used sclerosing agent, but acute respiratory distress syndrome is a potential complication. Other agents, such as nitrogen mustard, sodium hydroxide, and silver nitrate, can also be used.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

3.

Acute allergic reaction due to vincristine sulfate. A case report.

Author: GasselW D, GroppC, HavemannK

Relieves allergy
Treats Hodgkin's
Allergic reaction

A patient suffering from Hodgkin's disease experienced an acute allergic reaction to vincristine sulfate. Switching to vindesine sulfate relieved all symptoms without affecting therapeutic effectiveness.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

[Clinical effects of intra-arterial nitrogen mustard (NH2) chemotherapy during operation for oral cancer].

Author: HeY, GuoW, ZhangC, ZhuH, ZhangZ

Oral cancer treatment

One-shot intraoperative chemotherapy is a method with few side effects and may be an effective means of reducing the local recurrence of oral cancer.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : Chinese

5.

[Topical treatment of infections, tumors and hyperkeratotic disorders].

Author: MesserschmidtA, SchultheisK, OchsendorfF

Antibiotic
Antimycotic
Antiparasitic
Antiseptic
Antiviral
Keratolytic
Skin treatment
Side effects

This review discusses substances used for the topical treatment of skin infections, skin tumors, and hyperkeratotic disorders. The review covers antimycotic, antibiotic, antiseptic, antiviral, and antiparasitic agents, as well as substances like diclofenac in hyaluronic acid, 5-fluorouracil, and salicylic acid. The review discusses the mode of action, indication, and side effects of each substance.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : German

6.

Side effects and emotional distress during cancer chemotherapy.

Author: LoveR R, LeventhalH, EasterlingD V, NerenzD R

Improved communication
Hair loss
Nausea
Tiredness

Chemotherapy side effects were common in patients with breast cancer or malignant lymphoma. Nausea, hair loss, and tiredness were the most common. Communication between patients and practitioners was often inadequate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

7.

Synthesis and in vivo biodisposition of [14C]-quaternary ammonium-melphalan conjugate, a potential cartilage-targeted alkylating drug.

Author: RappMaryse, GiraudIsabelle, MaurizisJean-Claude, GalmierMarie-Josèphe, MadelmontJean-Claude

Chondrosarcoma treatment

A quaternary ammonium (QA) conjugate of melphalan, an anticancer drug, was synthesized and labeled with (14)C. The QA conjugate was found to be selectively carried to cartilaginous tissues, suggesting its potential use in the treatment of malignant cartilaginous tumors.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Impact of Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma and their treatments on sperm aneuploidy: a prospective study by the French CECOS network.

Author: MartinezGuillaume, WalschaertsMarie, Le MitouardMarine, BoryeRemi, ThomasClaire, AugerJacques, BerthautIsabelle, BrugnonFlorence, DaudinMyriam, MoinardNathalie, RavelCélia, SaiasJacqueline, SzermanEthel, RivesNathalie, HennebicqSylviane, BujanLouis

Counsel patients
Lymphoma treatment effects
Sperm aneuploidy

This study found that Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients had higher rates of sperm aneuploidy before treatment than healthy men. Treatment with chemotherapy regimens like ABVD or CHOP/MOPP-ABV significantly lowered sperm production and increased aneuploidy rates, with the effects lasting up to 2 years after treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Comparison of prochlorperazine and lorazepam antiemetic regimens in the control of postchemotherapy symptoms.

Author: SimmsS G, RhodesV A, MadsenR W

Control postchemotherapy symptoms
Reduce fatigue and pain
No significant difference between regimens

Lorazepam significantly reduces total posttherapy symptom experience in patients receiving noncisplatin chemotherapy, suggesting its value in antiemetic regimens.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

[Our experiences in treating patients with Hodgkin disease in the last decade].

Author: SimonZsófia, KeresztesKatalin, MiltényiZsófia, RessZsuzsanna, VáróczyLászló, VadászGyörgyi, GergelyLajos, IllésArpád

Hodgkin's disease treatment
Secondary malignancies
Treatment toxicity

Treatment results for patients with Hodgkin's disease have improved. Patients with early stage favorable disease should receive less toxic treatment, while patients with advanced unfavorable prognosis should receive aggressive primary treatment.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Hungarian

17.

Cytostatic activity of commonly used tricyclic antidepressants.

Author: SauterC

Possible antineoplastic effect
Agranulocytosis
Cardiotoxicity

Tricyclic antidepressants (TA) have cytostatic properties on human renal cancer cells in vitro. Their potential antineoplastic influence in cancer chemotherapy needs further investigation.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

CCNU, vinblastine, procarbazine and prednisone (CVPP) with extended-field radiotherapy in the treatment of early unfavorable Hodgkin's disease. A prospective study on behalf of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio dei Linfomi (GISL).

Author: GobbiP G, PierescaC, CavannaL, CorbellaF, VallisaD, FedericoM, FormisanoR, CarotenutoM, MerliF, CalleaV, AngrilliF, SilingardiV

Complete remission
Minimal toxicity
Hematologic toxicity
Relapse

The CVPP regimen, when combined with extended-field radiotherapy, was successful in treating early, unfavorable, clinically staged Hodgkin's disease. The optimal sequence is radiotherapy after chemotherapy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

A new chemotherapy regimen for treatment of Hodgkin's disease associated with minimal genotoxicity.

Author: LiangJ C, BaileyN M, GabrielG J, KattanM W, WangR Y, HagemeisterF B, CabanillasF F, FullerL M

Hodgkin's disease treatment
Reduced toxicity

The combination chemotherapy NOVP (Novantrone, Oncovin, Velban, Prednisone) did not induce chromosome breaks, single-stranded DNA breaks, or sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of Hodgkin's disease patients, suggesting it is less genotoxic than MOPP.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

20.

Low-dose radiation therapy and reduced chemotherapy in childhood Hodgkin's disease: the experience of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology.

Author: OberlinO, LevergerG, PacquementH, RaquinM A, ChompretA, HabrandJ L, Terrier-LacombeM J, BeyP, BertrandY, RubieH

Reduced chemotherapy
Reduced radiation therapy

Reduced chemotherapy and radiation therapy regimens were investigated in children with Hodgkin's disease. ABVD regimen showed favorable results and low-dose radiation therapy proved effective after a good response to chemotherapy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

[A case of Hodgkin's disease exhibiting erythrodermia probably due to allergic reaction to vinca alkaloids].

Author: MatsumotoN, YoshimotoK, OkagawaK, KosakaM, SaitoS

Erythrodermia

Erythrodermia was observed as an allergic reaction to vincristine sulfate and vindesine sulfate in a patient with Hodgkin's disease, suggesting that vinca alkaloids can cause erythrodermia.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Japanese

22.

Pulmonary toxicity secondary to procarbazine.

Author: MahmoodTallat, MudadRaja

Treat Hodgkin's disease
Lung injury

Procarbazine, a chemotherapy agent, can cause lung injury, resulting in pneumonitis. This side effect, though rare, can be severe and irreversible.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

23.

[Primary treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease].

Author: IllésArpád, UdvardyMiklós, MolnárZsuzsa

Hodgkin's disease treatment
Secondary acute leukemia
Sterility

This paper discusses the primary treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease, focusing on the ABVD (adriamycin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) scheme and the need for risk-adapted management.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Hungarian

24.

Mutagenic damage to mammalian cells by therapeutic alkylating agents.

Author: SandersonB J, ShieldA J

Cancer treatment
Secondary malignancies
Tissue toxicity

Alkylating agents, used as cancer therapeutics, can cause cell death by reacting with DNA, RNA, and proteins. These agents can also induce mutations and secondary malignancies, and their mutagenic potential may be increased after metabolic activation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

25.

Pre-radiation chemotherapy for infants and poor prognosis children with medulloblastoma.

Author: LoefflerJ S, KretschmarC S, SallanS E, LaVallyB L, WinstonK R, FischerE G, TarbellN J

Improved local control
Improved survival
Mild ototoxicity

Postoperative, pre-radiation chemotherapy was well tolerated and may improve local control and survival in children with advanced stage medulloblastoma, particularly in infants and those over age 2 years with Stage T3 and T4 disease.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

26.

Treatment of subdiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease: long-term results and side effects.

Author: CutuliB, PetitT, HoffstetterS, VeltenM, DufourP, GironC, LederlinP, JungG M, BergeratJ P, MaloiselF, BeyP, OberlingF

Survival rates
Long-term complications
Relapses
Second cancer

This retrospective study evaluated the results, prognostic factors, and side effects of treatment for subdiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease (SHD). The study found that exclusive radiotherapy was appropriate for stage IA SHD, while combined therapy was best for other stages. Age was a significant prognostic factor, with younger patients having better survival rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

27.

[Treatment of Hodgkin's disease in children with chemotherapy and low-dose radiation].

Author: LevergerG, OberlinO, SchaisonG, LemerleJ

High remission rate
Local control

A French cooperative study for Hodgkin's disease in childhood was designed to minimize adverse side effects of therapy. Preliminary results show that 94% of the 120 evaluable patients had a good response to initial chemotherapy and received 20 Gy of radiotherapy. The rate of local control was very high, with only 2 relapses in previously irradiated nodes. The 3-year actuarial survival rate and relapse-free survival were 98% and 86%, respectively.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : French

28.

Topical chlormethine gel in the treatment of mycosis fungoides: A single-center real-life experience and systematic review of the literature.

Author: LaghiAlessandro, FranceschiniChiara, MandelVictor Desmond, TeoliMiriam, MusiccoFelice, SansoneMassimo, La MalfaAntonia Marina, ArdigòMarco

MF treatment

Chlormethine gel (CG) has become a prominent treatment for mycosis fungoides (MF). This study evaluated the frequency of CG use for MF treatment and determined its limits and potentialities in a real-world setting. A systematic review of articles, combined with a single-center real-life experience, showed high clinical response rates with good safety and tolerance, supporting CG's versatile use in MF treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

This site uses cookies. Visit our privacy policy page or click the link in any footer for more information and to change your preferences.