Major Research Findings

Nadolol is a beta-blocker medication used to treat glaucoma. Nadolol has been shown to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) both when taken orally and when applied as eye drops. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol eye drops have been shown to significantly lower IOP at concentrations ranging from 0.3% to 2%. 6 . The IOP lowering effect of nadolol eye drops has been shown to last for more than 6 hours. 6 . Nadolol eye drops have not been shown to have any effects on blood pressure or heart rate. 6 . Nadolol eye drops may cause eye irritation but no serious side effects have been reported. 6 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to lower IOP. 3 , 5 . Oral administration of nadolol has also been shown to lower blood pressure and heart rate. 3 , 5 . Side effects associated with oral nadolol include dizziness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. 3 , 5 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be more easily absorbed into ocular tissue than nadolol itself. 8 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol is hydrolyzed to nadolol within the eye. 8 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to lower IOP when administered as eye drops. 8 . The IOP lowering effect of the diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to last for more than 6 hours. 8 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol may cause eye irritation when administered as eye drops. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to lower IOP to a level similar to topical timolol. 4 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less effective than timolol in controlling IOP over the long term. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less likely to cause tolerance than timolol. 7 .

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Nadolol has been shown to be an effective treatment for glaucoma due to its ability to lower IOP. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol is able to lower IOP both when taken orally and when applied as eye drops. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . The IOP lowering effect of nadolol eye drops has been shown to last for more than 6 hours. 6 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be more easily absorbed into ocular tissue than nadolol itself. 8 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol is hydrolyzed to nadolol within the eye. 8 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to lower IOP when administered as eye drops. 8 . The IOP lowering effect of the diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to last for more than 6 hours. 8 .

Risks Summary

Nadolol may cause eye irritation. 6 , 7 . Side effects associated with oral nadolol include dizziness, fatigue, and shortness of breath. 3 , 5 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol may cause eye irritation when administered as eye drops. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol may cause eye irritation when administered as eye drops. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 .

Comparison Between Studies

Similarities Between Studies

Multiple studies have shown that nadolol has an effect on lowering IOP. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol is able to lower IOP both when taken orally and when applied as eye drops. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol may cause eye irritation. 6 , 7 .

Differences Between Studies

Nadolol eye drops have been shown to be less effective than timolol in controlling IOP over the long term. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less likely to cause tolerance than timolol. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 .

Consistency and Contradictions of Results

Nadolol eye drops have been shown to be less effective than timolol in controlling IOP over the long term. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less likely to cause tolerance than timolol. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 . Nadolol is able to lower IOP both when taken orally and when applied as eye drops. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 .

Implications for Everyday Life

Nadolol is an effective drug for treating glaucoma. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol lowers IOP and there are risks that should be considered. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol eye drops have been shown to be less effective than timolol in controlling IOP over the long term. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less likely to cause tolerance than timolol. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 . If you are considering using nadolol, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

Limitations of Current Research

Nadolol eye drops have been shown to be less effective than timolol in controlling IOP over the long term. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less likely to cause tolerance than timolol. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 .

Future Directions for Research

Nadolol is an effective drug for treating glaucoma. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol lowers IOP and there are risks that should be considered. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol eye drops have been shown to be less effective than timolol in controlling IOP over the long term. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less likely to cause tolerance than timolol. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 . More research is needed to determine the long-term effectiveness of nadolol and its diacetyl derivative in controlling IOP. Research is also needed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of different doses of nadolol. It is important to note that these findings are based on a limited number of studies. Further research is needed to confirm these results and to explore other potential uses for nadolol.

Conclusion

Nadolol is an effective medication for treating glaucoma. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . It is important to discuss the risks and benefits of using nadolol with your doctor. 8 , 4 , 7 , 3 , 6 , 5 . Nadolol eye drops have been shown to be less effective than timolol in controlling IOP over the long term. 7 . The diacetyl derivative of nadolol has been shown to be less likely to cause tolerance than timolol. 7 . Oral administration of nadolol has been shown to decrease heart rate to a greater degree than topical timolol. 4 . If you are considering using nadolol, it is important to discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.