Effects of pretomanid: A Synthesis of Findings from 14 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Gabapentin and pregabalin have antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic properties that are useful for treating neuropathic pain. These properties may also be beneficial in acute postoperative pain. This study evaluated randomized, controlled trials examining the analgesic efficacy, adverse effects, and clinical value of gabapentinoids in postoperative pain. 3

Pregabalin, a new antiepileptic drug, does not impair eye control or posture control, unlike the established antiepileptic drug carbamazepine, as shown in a prospective study on healthy volunteers. 4

A randomized controlled trial found that preoperative pregabalin does not reduce the amount of propofol needed for general anesthesia induction. 8

A meta-analysis showed that perioperative pregabalin administration can reduce postoperative pain and the need for postoperative analgesics. However, it also increases the risk of dizziness, lightheadedness, and visual disturbances. 6

A double-blind study in healthy volunteers showed that pregabalin did not affect sleep quality compared to alprazolam or placebo. 1

Two large-scale, placebo-controlled trials found that pregabalin improved both pain and pain-related sleep interference in patients with neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury (SCI). 9

A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial found that adding pregabalin to multimodal analgesic therapy after ankle surgery reduced the duration of moderate to severe pain in the first 24 hours following foot or ankle surgery. 7

Gabapentin and pregabalin are being explored as nonhormonal treatment options for vasomotor symptoms, which are common in postmenopausal women and patients receiving hormone deprivation therapies. 14

A double-blind placebo-controlled trial in healthy volunteers showed that 12 weeks of pregabalin administration did not affect cognitive function. 5

Pregabalin is a new neuromodulator with a wide range of therapeutic indications, including neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and anxiety. 2

A systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses found that pregabalin may have a minimal opioid-sparing effect, but the risk of serious adverse events seems increased. 13

Several case reports and epidemiological studies have raised concerns about the abuse potential of pregabalin, whose use has increased substantially in recent years. 11

Pregabalin, when combined with remifentanil, has analgesic, ventilatory, and cognitive effects. 10

Patients with neuropathic pain often receive combination therapy with multiple agents to improve both pain and any comorbidities. 12

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Pregabalin may be beneficial in reducing postoperative pain, decreasing the need for postoperative analgesics, improving neuropathic pain, and treating vasomotor symptoms. 6 , 13 , 14

Risk Summary

Pregabalin can increase the risk of dizziness, lightheadedness, visual disturbances, and serious adverse events. There is also concern about its potential for abuse. 6 , 13 , 11

Comparison of Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies have suggested that pregabalin can be effective in reducing postoperative pain and neuropathic pain. 6 , 9 , 13

Differences

The effectiveness of pregabalin in managing postoperative pain has been inconsistent across studies, and a definitive conclusion has not been reached. 6 , 7 , 13

Consistency and Discrepancies in Results

While pregabalin shows potential benefit in reducing postoperative pain and treating neuropathic pain, its effectiveness is not consistently observed, and further research is needed. 13

Considerations for Real-World Application

Although pregabalin can be helpful in managing postoperative pain and neuropathic pain, it comes with the risk of side effects such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and visual disturbances. Therefore, pregabalin should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a doctor. 6 , 13

Limitations of Current Research

Further research is needed to better understand the long-term effects of pregabalin and its effectiveness in different diseases and situations. 13

Future Research Directions

Large-scale, long-term studies are needed to clarify the effects of pregabalin. 13

Conclusion

Pregabalin shows promise in managing postoperative pain and neuropathic pain, but its effectiveness is not consistent, and further research is needed. Pregabalin should be used cautiously and under the guidance of a doctor. 6 , 13

Literature analysis of 14 papers
Positive Content
10
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
3
Article Type
7
5
4
3
14
1.

A double-blind study in healthy volunteers to assess the effects on sleep of pregabalin compared with alprazolam and placebo.

Author: HindmarchIan, DawsonJean, StanleyNeil

Improved sleep quality
Reduced sleep latency

Pregabalin increased slow-wave sleep, while alprazolam reduced it. Both pregabalin and alprazolam reduced sleep-onset latency and rapid eye movement sleep. Pregabalin also reduced awakenings of more than 1 minute in duration. Both treatments improved subjective sleep quality, but impaired behavior after awakening.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Pregabalin: a new neuromodulator with broad therapeutic indications.

Author: ShnekerBassel F, McAuleyJames W

Treat anxiety
Treat epilepsy
Treat neuropathic pain
Dizziness
Somnolence

Pregabalin is a new drug that is effective in treating neuropathic pain, epilepsy, and anxiety. It is safe and well tolerated, but dosage adjustments may be needed in patients with renal insufficiency.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

3.

Do surgical patients benefit from perioperative gabapentin/pregabalin? A systematic review of efficacy and safety.

Author: TiippanaElina M, HamunenKatri, KontinenVesa K, KalsoEija

Neuropathic pain treatment
Postoperative pain treatment

This study reviewed randomized controlled trials examining the analgesic efficacy, adverse effects, and clinical value of gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin) in postoperative pain. Gabapentinoids have demonstrated antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic properties, suggesting their potential benefit in managing acute postoperative pain.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

Carbamazepine but not pregabalin impairs eye control: a study on acute objective CNS side effects in healthy volunteers.

Author: RémiJan, HüttenbrennerAngelika, FeddersenBerend, NoachtarSoheyl

AED safety
Dizziness
Impaired eye movements

Pregabalin caused less impairment of eye movements and posture control than carbamazepine. Electrooculography and posturography are valuable tools for objectively measuring AED CNS side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Cognitive effects of pregabalin in healthy volunteers: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: SalinskyMartin, StorzbachDaniel, MunozSonia

Cognitive dysfunction

This study investigated the cognitive effects of pregabalin, an antiepileptic drug (AED), in healthy volunteers over 12 weeks.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Efficacy and safety of perioperative pregabalin for post-operative pain: a meta-analysis of randomized-controlled trials.

Author: EngelmanE, CateloyF

Reduced post-operative analgesic drug use
Reduced post-operative pain
Dizziness
Light-headedness
Visual disturbances

Pregabalin is a drug that can be used to reduce post-operative pain. This meta-analysis evaluated the effect of pregabalin on post-operative pain and analgesic drug use. Pregabalin was found to reduce the amount of analgesic drugs needed, but also increased the risk of dizziness, light-headedness, and visual disturbances.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

7.

Addition of pregabalin to multimodal analgesic therapy following ankle surgery: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: YadeauJacques T, ParoliLeonardo, KahnRichard L, Jules-ElyseeKethy M, LasalaVincent R, LiuSpencer S, LinEdward, PowellKarlyn, BuschiazzoValeria L, WukovitsBarbara, RobertsMatthew M, LevineDavid S

Postoperative Pain Relief
Confusion
Sedation

This study investigated the effectiveness of pregabalin as an adjunct analgesic for postoperative pain following foot or ankle surgery. The study found that pregabalin, when used as part of a multimodal analgesic regimen, reduced the duration of moderate to severe pain in the first 24 hours following surgery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Preoperative pregabalin does not reduce propofol ED(50): a randomized controlled trial.

Author: Moreau-BussièreFrançois, GaulinJonathan, GagnonVéronique, SansoucyYanick, de MédicisEtienne

Anesthesia induction
Sedation

The study hypothesized that pregabalin could reduce propofol requirements for induction of general anesthesia due to its sedative effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Examining the Time to Therapeutic Effect of Pregabalin in Spinal Cord Injury Patients With Neuropathic Pain.

Author: CardenasDiana D, EmirBirol, ParsonsBruce

Improved pain
Improved sleep

This analysis aimed to determine the timing of pregabalin's therapeutic effect in the days after initiation of treatment for neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury. Pregabalin showed statistically significant improvement compared with placebo after 1 week of treatment, but the effects in the days immediately after initiation are unknown.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

10.

Pregabalin Has Analgesic, Ventilatory, and Cognitive Effects in Combination with Remifentanil.

Author: MyhreMarianne, DiepLien My, StubhaugAudun

Additive analgesia
Reduced pain
Cognitive impairment
Respiratory depression

This study found that the combination of pregabalin and remifentanil resulted in additive analgesic effects, but also potentiated respiratory depression and had a negative impact on cognition.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Abuse Potential of Pregabalin: A Systematic Review.

Author: SchjerningOle, RosenzweigMary, PottegårdAnton, DamkierPer, NielsenJimmi

Dissociative effects
Euphoric effects
Pregabalin abuse

Pregabalin, a medication commonly used for pain and anxiety, has raised concerns about its abuse potential. This abstract discusses the increasing use of pregabalin for recreational purposes, leading to euphoric and dissociative effects when taken in high doses or by alternative routes of administration. Further research is needed to understand the extent and mechanism of pregabalin abuse.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

12.

Effect of Concomitant Pain Medications on Response to Pregabalin in Patients with Postherpetic Neuralgia or Spinal Cord Injury-Related Neuropathic Pain.

Author: SchugStephan A, ParsonsBruce, AlmasMary, WhalenEd

Neuropathic pain treatment
Concomitant medication effects

This study explored the effects of concomitant medications on the efficacy of pregabalin for treating neuropathic pain (NeP). The research aimed to identify potential interactions and optimize treatment strategies for patients receiving combination therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Benefit and harm of pregabalin in acute pain treatment: a systematic review with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses.

Author: FabritiusM L, StrømC, KoyuncuS, JægerP, PetersenP L, GeislerA, WetterslevJ, DahlJ B, MathiesenO

Opioid-sparing effect
Increased SAEs

A systematic review and meta-analysis of 97 randomized clinical trials evaluated the effects of pregabalin on postoperative pain management. While pregabalin may have a minimal opioid-sparing effect, the risk of serious adverse events seemed increased.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

14.

Efficacy and safety of gabapentin and pregabalin in patients with vasomotor symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: ShanDan, ZouLi, LiuXijiao, ShenYongchun, CaiYitong, ZhangJing

Reduced hot flashes
Dizziness
Somnolence

This systematic review found that gabapentin could reduce hot flash frequency and composite score compared with placebo in women with vasomotor symptoms. However, estrogen was more effective in reducing hot flash frequency than gabapentin. The review also found that gabapentin was associated with a higher risk of dizziness and somnolence than placebo.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

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