Effective treatment of bitter orange: A Synthesis of Findings from 25 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Key Research Findings

Bitter orange is a citrus fruit that may have various health benefits. Studies have shown that bitter orange extracts may have positive effects on weight loss, blood pressure improvement, cholesterol reduction, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory effects, blood sugar control, and gas reduction. 3 , 8 , 9 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 18 , 19 , 14 , 13

Synephrine, a component of bitter orange, is said to promote fat burning and aid in weight loss. 23 , 4 . However, it's important to note that synephrine can raise blood pressure and heart rate. 4 , 5

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Bitter orange may provide various health benefits, such as weight loss, blood pressure improvement, cholesterol reduction, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, anti-inflammatory effects, blood sugar control, and gas reduction. 3 , 8 , 9 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 18 , 19 , 14 , 13

Risks Summary

Bitter orange can potentially increase blood pressure and heart rate. 4 , 5 . It's also important to be cautious as bitter orange consumption may increase the risk of heart disease and high blood pressure. 4

Comparison of Studies

Similarities in Studies

Numerous studies have indicated that bitter orange may have various health benefits. 3 , 8 , 9 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 18 , 19 , 14 , 13

Differences in Studies

The effects of bitter orange may vary depending on the method and amount consumed. 22 . Additionally, the impact of bitter orange on the human body may differ significantly from person to person. 21

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

There is no definitive conclusion yet on the effects of bitter orange. 4 . Further research is expected to shed more light on the safety and efficacy of bitter orange. 4

Cautions for Real-World Applications

While bitter orange may have positive health effects, it also poses the risk of side effects. 4 . It's crucial to consult with a doctor or pharmacist before consuming bitter orange. 4

Limitations of Current Research

Research on bitter orange is still limited, and there is a lack of information about its long-term effects. 4

Directions for Future Research

Further research is needed to investigate the safety and efficacy of bitter orange in more detail. 4 . It's particularly important to study the long-term effects of bitter orange on the human body. 4

Conclusion

Bitter orange is a citrus fruit that may offer a range of health benefits. 3 , 8 , 9 , 16 , 24 , 25 , 18 , 19 , 14 , 13 . However, it's important to be aware of the potential risks of consuming bitter orange, as it can lead to side effects. 4 , 5 . If you're considering consuming bitter orange, it's essential to consult with your doctor or pharmacist. 4

Literature analysis of 25 papers
Positive Content
20
Neutral Content
3
Negative Content
2
Article Type
2
1
1
5
25
1.

The effectiveness of aromatherapy in the management of labor pain: A meta-analysis.

Author: KayaAtike, Yeşildere SağlamHavva, KaradağEngin, GürsoyElif

Labor pain reduction

This meta-analysis study examines the effectiveness of aromatherapy in managing labor pain. The analysis of 14 randomized controlled trials suggests that aromatherapy, particularly through massage and inhalation of essential oils like lavender, jasmine, and chamomile, significantly reduces labor pain intensity. The findings support the use of aromatherapy as a safe and effective non-pharmacological pain management strategy during labor.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

3.

Dietary supplements for obesity.

Author: BonettiGabriele, HerbstKaren L, DonatoKevin, DhuliKristjana, KianiAysha Karim, AquilantiBarbara, VellutiValeria, MateraGiuseppina, IaconelliAmerigo, BertelliMatteo

Dietary supplements for obesity

This review explores the benefits and side effects of various ingredients in dietary supplements for weight loss and obesity treatment, providing information on their mechanisms of action and clinical trial findings.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

4.

The Safety and Efficacy of <i>Citrus aurantium</i> (Bitter Orange) Extracts and <i>p</i>-Synephrine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: KonczDorottya, TóthBarbara, BaharMuh Akbar, RozaOrsolya, CsuporDezső

Increased Blood Pressure
Increased Heart Rate

This study conducted a meta-analysis to assess the safety and efficacy of <i>p</i>-synephrine for weight loss. The study found that synephrine tends to raise blood pressure and heart rate and there is no evidence that it can facilitate weight loss. Further studies are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

5.

Bitter Orange <i>(Citrus aurantium L.)</i> Intake Before Submaximal Aerobic Exercise Is Safe for Cardiovascular and Autonomic Systems in Healthy Males: A Randomized Trial.

Author: BenjamimCicero Jonas R, JúniorFrancisco Welington de Sousa, PortoAndrey Alves, RochaÉlida Mara B, SantanaMilana D, GarnerDavid M, ValentiVitor E, Bueno JúniorCarlos Roberto

Further research is needed to evaluate the cardiovascular safety of isolated use of berberine.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Elucidation of the impact of four different drying methods on the phenolics, volatiles, and color properties of the peels of four types of citrus fruits.

Author: GucluGamze, PolatSuleyman, KelebekHasim, CapanogluEsra, SelliSerkan

This study compared four different drying methods (convective, microwave, conductive hydro, and freeze drying) on citrus fruit peels from four different citrus varieties.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

Dietary supplements in therapy to support weight reduction in obese patients.

Author: WawrzyniakNatalia, SkrypnikKatarzyna, SuliburskaJoanna

Improved health
Weight loss

This study reviewed the latest publications on selected dietary supplements in the treatment of excess body weight. Some supplements, such as capsaicin, bitter orange, white bean seeds, green coffee, berberine, and single and multi-strain probiotics, showed beneficial results in reducing excess body weight.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Poncirin ameliorates cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury by activating PI3K/AKT/PGC-1α signaling.

Author: LiBingda, ChenTianpeng, HuWenfeng, WangZhenhua, WuJi, ZhouQing, LiPing

Cardioprotection
Reduced oxidative stress

Poncirin, a compound found in bitter orange, has antioxidant effects. In this study, poncirin was found to protect heart cells from damage caused by lack of oxygen.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

[Synephrine in dietary supplements and specialized foodstuffs: biological activity, safety and methods of analysis].

Author: PerovaI B, EllerK I, MusatovA V, TymolskayaE V

Fitness improvement
Weight loss
Cardiovascular side effects

Synephrine is a stimulant found in bitter orange extract that is used in dietary supplements. Synephrine can cause cardiovascular side effects, especially when combined with caffeine.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Russian

11.

Phytochemical Profile, &#945;-Glucosidase, and &#945;-Amylase Inhibition Potential and Toxicity Evaluation of Extracts from <i>Citrus aurantium</i> (L) Peel, a Valuable By-Product from Northeastern Morocco.

Author: BenayadOuijdane, BouhrimMohamed, TijiSalima, KharchoufaLoubna, AddiMohamed, DrouetSamantha, HanoChristophe, LorenzoJose Manuel, BendahaHasnae, BnouhamMohamed, MimouniMostafa

Antidiabetic action
Needs in vivo confirmation

Sequential extraction of <i>C. aurantium</i> peel yielded various phytochemicals with potential antidiabetic action. Naringenin, a flavanone, showed significant inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase in vitro. The extracts exhibited no acute toxicity in mice, suggesting their potential for developing safe and effective antidiabetic agents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Biological Activity and Antibiofilm Molecular Profile of <i>Citrus aurantium</i> Essential Oil and Its Application in a Food Model.

Author: KačániováMiroslava, TerentjevaMargarita, GalovičováLucia, IvanišováEva, ŠtefánikováJana, ValkováVeronika, BorotováPetra, KowalczewskiPrzemysław Łukasz, KunováSimona, FelšöciováSoňa, TvrdáEva, ŽiarovskáJana, Benda ProkeinováRenáta, VukovicNenad

Antibiofilm activity
Antimicrobial activity

The study investigated the chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm activity of Citrus aurantium essential oil (CAEO). CAEO was found to be most active against Penicillium crustosum in the vapor phase on bread and carrot.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

19.

Sweet and bitter oranges: An updated comparative review of their bioactives, nutrition, food quality, therapeutic merits and biowaste valorization practices.

Author: FaragMohamed A, AbibBishoy, AyadLaila, KhattabAmira R

Anti-diabetic effects
Anti-obesity effects
Anti-osteoporotic effects
Hypocholesterolemic effects
Intestinal dysbiosis treatment

Sweet and bitter oranges are widely recognized for their unique sensory qualities, nutritional value, and therapeutic benefits due to their bioactive ingredients. Sweet orange is particularly effective in treating diabetes, obesity, and high cholesterol, while bitter orange shows promise for anti-osteoporotic products and intestinal dysbiosis treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

20.

Analysis of bitter orange dietary supplements for natural and synthetic phenethylamines by LC-MS/MS.

Author: PawarRahul S, SagiSatyanarayanaraju, LeontyevDmitry

Cardiovascular effects
Synephrine

This study analyzed the amine content of bitter orange supplements sold in the US. While some products contained the expected amount of synephrine, others contained higher amounts, and some even included synthetic amines with unknown effects in humans.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Validation StudyResearch to assess the validity and reliability of new measurement methods or diagnostic tests.

Language : English

21.

Effect of a Combination of Citrus Flavones and Flavanones and Olive Polyphenols for the Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease Risk: An Exploratory Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Subjects.

Author: Sánchez MacarroMaravillas, Martínez RodríguezJuan Pablo, Bernal MorellEnrique, Pérez-PiñeroSilvia, Victoria-MontesinosDesirée, García-MuñozAna María, Cánovas GarcíaFernando, Castillo SánchezJulián, López-RománFrancisco Javier

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

A food supplement containing grapefruit, bitter orange, and olive extracts was found to have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular risk factors in healthy volunteers. In a randomized, double-blind study, the supplement group showed significant improvements in flow-mediated vasodilation, blood pressure, lipid profile, and oxidative stress biomarkers compared to the placebo group.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

23.

Acute p-synephrine ingestion increases whole-body fat oxidation during 1-h of cycling at Fatmax.

Author: Gutiérrez-HellínJorge, Ruiz-MorenoCarlos, Del CosoJuan

Increased fat oxidation
None mentioned

This study investigated the effects of an acute dose of p-synephrine, a bitter orange alkaloid, on substrate oxidation during prolonged exercise. The study found no significant effects of p-synephrine on fat oxidation during exercise, suggesting its limited effectiveness for weight loss purposes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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