Effective treatment of dementia: A Synthesis of Findings from 65 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. Currently, there is no cure for dementia, but there are several treatments to alleviate symptoms and slow down the progression. Dementia treatments vary depending on the symptoms and causes, and include drug therapy, non-drug therapy, and rehabilitation.

Drug therapy for dementia includes cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists. Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine, thereby promoting the improvement of cognitive function. NMDA receptor antagonists inhibit the excessive influx of glutamate into nerve cells, preventing nerve cell damage. These drugs have the effect of improving cognitive function and delaying the worsening of symptoms, but side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and indigestion may occur. 11

Non-drug therapy for dementia includes music therapy, aromatherapy, and rehabilitation. Music therapy promotes the improvement of cognitive function and mood by listening to or playing music. Aromatherapy increases relaxation and changes mood by enjoying the scent of aromatherapy oils. Rehabilitation promotes the maintenance and improvement of cognitive function and physical function through exercise and occupational therapy. 22 , 10 , 23

Dementia treatment varies depending on the patient's condition and symptoms. It is important to consult with your doctor about treatment options. In addition to drug therapy, non-drug therapy and rehabilitation are also important in the treatment of dementia. By choosing the appropriate treatment method and continuing it according to the patient's condition, cognitive function can be maintained and improved, and quality of life can be improved.

Treatment Summary

Dementia treatment includes drug therapy and non-drug therapy. 60 , 53

Drug therapy includes cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists. Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine, thereby promoting the improvement of cognitive function. NMDA receptor antagonists inhibit the excessive influx of glutamate into nerve cells, preventing nerve cell damage.

Non-drug therapy includes music therapy, aromatherapy, and rehabilitation. Music therapy promotes the improvement of cognitive function and mood by listening to or playing music. Aromatherapy increases relaxation and changes mood by enjoying the scent of aromatherapy oils. Rehabilitation promotes the maintenance and improvement of cognitive function and physical function through exercise and occupational therapy.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Dementia treatment helps to maintain and improve cognitive function and quality of life. It also has the effect of delaying the worsening of symptoms. 44 , 22 , 23

Risk Summary

Dementia treatment carries the risk of side effects. Drug therapy may cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and indigestion. Non-drug therapy may not be effective.

Comparison of Studies

Commonalities of Studies

Many studies are examining both drug therapy and non-drug therapy as treatments for dementia. Drug therapy studies have shown that cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists have the effect of improving cognitive function and delaying the worsening of symptoms. Non-drug therapy studies have shown that music therapy and rehabilitation can help maintain and improve cognitive function and physical function.

Differences in Studies

Studies may have different effects and side effects. In addition, the type and severity of dementia, the type of treatment, and the design of the study may also vary the effects and side effects.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Studies on dementia treatment have shown some consistent results and some contradictory results. This is likely due to differences in the type and severity of dementia, the type of treatment, and the design of the study.

Points to Note on Applying the Results to Real Life

When applying dementia treatment to everyday life, it is important to consider the patient's condition, symptoms, and type of treatment. It is also important to consult with your doctor and fully understand the effects and side effects.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on dementia treatment is still ongoing. In particular, effective treatments for progressive dementia have not yet been established.

Future Research Directions

Research on dementia treatment faces challenges such as the development of effective treatments for progressive dementia, the exploration of new treatments, and the reduction of side effects. Research on improving the patient's QOL is also important.

Conclusion

Dementia treatment includes drug therapy and non-drug therapy, and the appropriate treatment is selected depending on the patient's condition and symptoms. In addition to drug therapy, non-drug therapy and rehabilitation are also important in the treatment of dementia. By choosing the appropriate treatment method and continuing it according to the patient's condition, cognitive function can be maintained and improved, and quality of life can be improved.

Dementia is a disease that places a heavy burden on not only patients but also families and caregivers. Dementia treatment not only improves the patient's QOL but also helps to reduce the burden on families and caregivers. Further research on dementia treatment is expected in the future.

Treatment List

Drug therapy: Cholinesterase inhibitors, NMDA receptor antagonists, antipsychotics 53 , 44 , 3 , 4 , 65 , 7 , 60 , 57 , 51 , 28

Non-drug therapy: Music therapy, aromatherapy, rehabilitation, exercise therapy, occupational therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, environmental adjustment, caregiver support 46 , 54 , 50 , 18 , 25 , 11 , 10 , 23 , 22 , 37 , 43 , 40 , 38 , 41

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Calming effect
Reduced motor side effects
2
Dementia symptom relief
3
AD treatment
4
Behavioral improvement
5
No cognitive impairment
6
Improved quality of life
Reduced behavioral disturbances
7
Alzheimer's disease treatment
Delayed dependence
Improved cognitive function
8
Improved cognition and activities of daily living
9
Dementia treatment
Improved cognitive function
10
Reduced apathy
11
Dementia treatment
12
Dementia treatment
13
Improved psychotic symptoms
14
Alzheimer's disease treatment
15
Dementia treatment
16
Safer NPS treatment
17
Improved relationships
Reduced dementia care costs
18
Behavioral disturbance control
19
Improved cognition
Improved quality of life
20
Dementia treatment
21
Apathy Reduction
22
Improved function
23
Dementia treatment
25
Improved BPSD
Well tolerated
26
Aromatherapy for dementia
27
Reduced antipsychotic prescribing
28
Improved cognitive function
Improved functional outcomes
29
Reduced depression
30
Dementia treatment
31
Dementia treatment
MCI treatment
33
Anti-dementia drug treatment
35
apathy reduction
36
Dementia treatment
Psychosocial interventions
37
Improved NPS treatment
38
Effective depression treatment
Improved cognitive function
39
Improved behaviour
Improved psychological symptoms
40
Cannabinoid treatment
41
Improved cognition
Reduced functional decline
42
Improved anxiety treatment
43
ADRD prevention
45
Dementia treatment
Improved QoL
46
Dementia treatment
47
Improved mood
Reduced NPS
48
Reduced psychotropic drug use
49
Psychosocial interventions for dementia
50
Treatment for neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia
51
Improved BPSD
53
Dementia care
54
Reduced dementia-related psychosis symptoms
55
Cognitive benefits
56
Dementia treatment
57
Improved function
Reduced disease severity
58
BMI reduction
Blood glucose control
Cognitive function
59
NPS reduction (galantamine)
NPS reduction (risperidone)
60
Dance movement therapy effectiveness
Dementia treatment
61
Improved cognitive function
62
FTD symptom management
63
AD prevention
AD treatment
64
Agitation treatment
Non-pharmacological approaches
65
Risk Keywords
Cognitive impairment
Hasten clinical decline
2
Cognitive decline
3
Minor motor impairment
Reduced contentedness
6
Drowsiness
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Falls
7
Higher withdrawal rates due to adverse events
9
Cerebrovascular adverse events
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Somnolence
14
Cardiovascular events
Iatrogenic movement disorders
15
Medication side effects
18
Increased depressive symptoms
24
Antipsychotic use
Increased morbidity
Increased mortality
28
Cardiovascular side effects
Gastrointestinal side effects
Neurological side effects
29
Earlier nursing home placement
More severe course of dementia
32
None mentioned
33
Psychotropic drug use
37
Increased adverse events
42
Apathy in AD
44
Dementia progression
46
Drug side effects
48
Adverse events
Side effects
49
Adverse drug events
Limited efficacy
51
Sedation
52
Antipsychotic side effects
Relapse risk
55
Adverse effects
57
Alzheimer's disease
59
Dropout (galantamine)
Dropout (rivastigmine)
60
Piracetam side effects
Trazodone side effects
63
Agitation in dementia
Antipsychotics
65
Literature analysis of 65 papers
Positive Content
55
Neutral Content
5
Negative Content
5
Article Type
28
14
33
22
63
1.

Reversible dementia: more than 10% or less than 1%? A quantitative review.

Author: WeytinghM D, BossuytP M, van CrevelH

This review of 16 studies with 1551 patients with dementia found that reversible dementia is very rare in an outpatient setting when using strict diagnostic methods.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Thioridazine for dementia.

Author: KirchnerV, Kelly CA, HarveyR J

Calming effect
Reduced motor side effects
Cognitive impairment
Hasten clinical decline

This study discusses the controversy surrounding the use of neuroleptic drugs in treating dementia, highlighting concerns about potential hastening of clinical decline and focusing on thioridazine, a commonly prescribed phenothiazine neuroleptic.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

3.

Thioridazine for dementia.

Author: KirchnerV, KellyC A, HarveyR J

Dementia symptom relief
Cognitive decline

Neuroleptic drugs, like thioridazine, are often prescribed for elderly patients with dementia, despite evidence suggesting they may worsen cognitive decline. Thioridazine, known for its sedative effect, may have detrimental anticholinergic effects on cognitive function.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

Olanzapine in the treatment of anxiety symptoms due to Alzheimer's disease: a post hoc analysis.

Author: MintzerJ, FaisonW, StreetJ S, SuttonV K, BreierA

AD treatment

While anxiety is a common symptom in Alzheimer's disease (AD), with up to 90% of patients experiencing it, there is limited information available on treating anxiety specifically in this population.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Does behavioral improvement with haloperidol or trazodone treatment depend on psychosis or mood symptoms in patients with dementia?

Author: SultzerD L, GrayK F, GunayI, WheatleyM V, MahlerM E

Behavioral improvement

This study examined the relationship between behavioral improvement and co-occurring delusions and mood symptoms in dementia patients treated with haloperidol or trazodone.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

6.

Effects of risperidone on psychometric and cognitive functions in healthy elderly volunteers.

Author: AllainH, TessierC, Bentué-FerrerD, TarralA, Le BretonS, GandonM, BouhoursP

No cognitive impairment
Minor motor impairment
Reduced contentedness

Low doses of risperidone, but not low doses of lorazepam, did not disturb the cognitive functions in the elderly.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

7.

A double-blind comparison of olanzapine versus risperidone in the acute treatment of dementia-related behavioral disturbances in extended care facilities.

Author: FontaineCatherine S, HynanLinda S, KochKathleen, Martin-CookKristin, SvetlikDoris, WeinerMyron F

Improved quality of life
Reduced behavioral disturbances
Drowsiness
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Falls

Low-dose, once-a-day olanzapine and risperidone are equally safe and effective in treating dementia-related behavioral disturbances in residents of extended care facilities.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Memantine enhances autonomy in moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease.

Author: RiveBenoît, VercellettoMartine, DamierFlorence Delamarre, CochranJohn, FrançoisClément

Alzheimer's disease treatment
Delayed dependence
Improved cognitive function

This study investigated the benefits of memantine on functional disability in patients with moderately-severe to severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The study found that memantine enhanced autonomy in these patients, increasing the probability that they would remain autonomous, thereby delaying the transition to the dependent stage.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Evidence-based pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease.

Author: EvansJohn Grimley, WilcockGordon, BirksJacqueline

Improved cognition and activities of daily living
Higher withdrawal rates due to adverse events

Dementia is a serious condition affecting thinking and memory, with Alzheimer’s disease being the most common cause. While descriptions of Alzheimer’s disease have improved, there is no specific test to diagnose it. Current treatments aim to manage symptoms and include medications that increase acetylcholine levels in the brain. These medications have modest benefits for thinking and daily activities but can cause significant side effects. Another medication, memantine, has shown similar benefits to cholinesterase inhibitors and is approved for treating moderate to severe Alzheimer’s disease. Other treatments, such as vitamins, herbs, and anti-inflammatory drugs, have not been proven effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

10.

Music therapy for people with dementia.

Author: VinkA C, BirksJ S, BruinsmaM S, ScholtenR J S

Dementia treatment
Improved cognitive function

This review examines the evidence for music therapy as a treatment for dementia, highlighting its potential as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing this complex condition.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

11.

A randomized, controlled, clinical trial of activity therapy for apathy in patients with dementia residing in long-term care.

Author: PolitisAntonios M, VozzellaStephen, MayerLawrence S, OnyikeChiadi U, BakerAlva S, LyketsosConstantine G

Reduced apathy

There was no clear advantage to a reminiscence-based activity intervention over a time and attention, one-on-one control intervention in reducing apathy and improving quality of life in patients with dementia. More research is needed to develop specific behavioral interventions for apathy in patients with dementia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: a review of the evidence.

Author: SinkKaycee M, HoldenKaren F, YaffeKristine

Dementia treatment

The study discussed the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia, highlighting the need for evidence-based recommendations for pharmacological agents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

13.

[Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD): pharmacological management].

Author: GillabertC, DesmeulesJ, Vogt-FerrierN, DayerP

Dementia treatment

The study reviewed the causes, consequences, and pharmacological treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), recommending only three drugs at the present time: risperidone, olanzapine, and donepezil.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : French

14.

The efficacy and safety of risperidone in the treatment of psychosis of Alzheimer's disease and mixed dementia: a meta-analysis of 4 placebo-controlled clinical trials.

Author: KatzIra, de DeynPeter-Paul, MintzerJacobo, GreenspanAndrew, ZhuYoung, BrodatyHenry

Improved psychotic symptoms
Cerebrovascular adverse events
Extrapyramidal symptoms
Somnolence

Risperidone significantly improved psychotic symptoms and general clinical improvement in patients with psychosis of Alzheimer's disease compared to placebo, with the most significant benefits observed in those with severe symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

15.

Quetiapine treatment for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in Alzheimer's disease patients: a 6-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Author: PaleacuD, BarakY, MireckyI, MazehD

Alzheimer's disease treatment
Cardiovascular events
Iatrogenic movement disorders

Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent that may be an effective treatment for agitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

A systematic review of the effectiveness of rivastigmine for the treatment of behavioral disturbances in dementia and other neurological disorders.

Author: FigielGary, SadowskyCarl

Dementia treatment

Cholinergic systems are being investigated for their role in behavioral disturbances associated with dementia.

Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

17.

Research on treating neuropsychiatric symptoms of advanced dementia with non-pharmacological strategies, 1998-2008: a systematic literature review.

Author: KvernoKaran S, BlackBetty S, NolanMarie T, RabinsPeter V

Safer NPS treatment

This review evaluates the published literature on non-pharmacological interventions for managing neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with advanced dementia, highlighting the potential of these interventions as safer alternatives to medication.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

18.

Reminiscence groups for people with dementia and their family carers: pragmatic eight-centre randomised trial of joint reminiscence and maintenance versus usual treatment: a protocol.

Author: WoodsRobert T, BruceErrollyn, EdwardsRhiannon T, HounsomeBarry, KeadyJohn, Moniz-CookEsme D, OrrellMartin, RussellIan T

Improved relationships
Reduced dementia care costs
Medication side effects

This article discusses the growing need for and evidence base of psychosocial interventions for people with dementia, particularly reminiscence groups that include family carers.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Comparison of topiramate and risperidone for the treatment of behavioral disturbances of patients with Alzheimer disease: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.

Author: MowlaArash, PaniAzadeh

Behavioral disturbance control

This study compared topiramate to risperidone for controlling behavioral disturbances in patients with Alzheimer dementia.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Maintenance Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) for dementia: a single-blind, multi-centre, randomized controlled trial of Maintenance CST vs. CST for dementia.

Author: AguirreElisa, SpectorAimee, HoeJuanita, RussellIan T, KnappMartin, WoodsRobert T, OrrellMartin

Improved cognition
Improved quality of life

This article discusses the increasing recognition of the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for people with dementia, particularly Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST).

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

[Nursing concepts for patients with dementia. Systematic review].

Author: NoconM, RollS, SchwarzbachC, VauthC, GreinerW, WillichS N

Dementia treatment

There are around one million people with dementia in Germany. As there is no cure for most types of dementia, treatment focuses on providing care that helps maintain cognitive function, daily living skills, and quality of life. Common approaches include multisensory stimulation, validation therapy, reality orientation, and reminiscence therapy. However, the effectiveness of these approaches is not definitively established.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : German

22.

The efficacy of nonpharmacological treatment for dementia-related apathy.

Author: Ferrero-AriasJulio, Goñi-ImízcozMiguel, González-BernalJerónimo, Lara-OrtegaFernando, da Silva-GonzálezAlvaro, Díez-LopezMateo

Apathy Reduction

A structured, nonpharmacological occupational therapy intervention was more effective than free activities in improving apathy in patients with mild or moderate dementia, particularly in those with moderate apathy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

A community-based exercise programme to improve functional ability in people with Alzheimer's disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Author: VreugdenhilAnthea, CannellJohn, DaviesAndrew, RazayGeorge

Improved function

With the increasing number of people with dementia and limited treatment options, there is an urgent need for interventions to improve functional abilities for individuals with dementia and their caregivers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Discontinuation of antidepressants in people with dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms (DESEP study): double blind, randomised, parallel group, placebo controlled trial.

Author: BerghSverre, SelbækGeir, EngedalKnut

Increased depressive symptoms

Discontinuation of antidepressant treatment in patients with dementia and neuropsychiatric symptoms leads to an increase in depressive symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

25.

Cognitive psychosocial intervention in dementia: a systematic review.

Author: CarrionCarme, AymerichMarta, BaillésEva, López-BermejoAbel

Dementia treatment

How dementia progresses depends on the underlying cause, early diagnosis, and available treatments for specific symptoms that affect patients and caregivers. While there's no cure for dementia, some therapies like reality orientation and skills training may slow cognitive decline.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

26.

Differential effects of current specific treatments on behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a 12-month, randomized, open-label trial.

Author: CumboEduardo, LigoriLeonarda Domenica

Improved BPSD
Well tolerated

Memantine and rivastigmine, drugs used for Alzheimer's disease, were found to be effective in improving behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease. The improvements were seen in areas such as agitation/aggression, anxiety/phobias, and overall well-being. The drugs were well tolerated with most side effects being transient and mild-to-moderate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

27.

Aromatherapy for dementia.

Author: ForresterLene Thorgrimsen, MaayanNicola, OrrellMartin, SpectorAimee E, BuchanLouise D, Soares-WeiserKarla

Aromatherapy for dementia

Aromatherapy and essential oils are increasingly used as complementary therapies for dementia patients, particularly to address behavioral and psychological symptoms. These therapies are attractive because they offer potential benefits with fewer negative side effects compared to FDA-approved drugs, and they are easier to administer to patients with communication difficulties.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

28.

Interventions to reduce inappropriate prescribing of antipsychotic medications in people with dementia resident in care homes: a systematic review.

Author: Thompson CoonJo, AbbottRebecca, RogersMorwenna, WhearRebecca, PearsonStephen, LangIain, CartmellNick, SteinKen

Reduced antipsychotic prescribing
Antipsychotic use
Increased morbidity
Increased mortality

Interventions to reduce inappropriate prescribing of antipsychotics in elderly dementia patients residing in care homes may be effective in the short term. More robust long-term studies are needed to determine the sustainability of these interventions. Addressing the culture and nature of care settings and providing feasible non-drug alternatives is essential for long-term reduction in antipsychotic prescribing.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

29.

A Risk-Benefit Assessment of Dementia Medications: Systematic Review of the Evidence.

Author: BuckleyJacob S, SalpeterShelley R

Improved cognitive function
Improved functional outcomes
Cardiovascular side effects
Gastrointestinal side effects
Neurological side effects

Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) produce small, short-lived improvements in cognitive function in mild to moderate dementia, with marginal benefits seen with severe disease, long-term treatment, and advanced age. Memantine monotherapy may have minimal benefits in moderate to severe dementia, balanced by minimal adverse effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

30.

Depression and Suicidal Ideation During Two Psychosocial Treatments in Older Adults with Major Depression and Dementia.

Author: KiossesDimitris N, RosenbergPaul B, McGovernAmanda, FonzettiPasquale, ZaydensHana, AlexopoulosGeorge S

Reduced depression

Problem Adaptation Therapy (PATH) is more effective in reducing depression in older adults with major depression and dementia compared to Supportive Therapy for Cognitively Impaired Older Adults (ST-CI).

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

31.

Dementia and Physical Activity (DAPA) - an exercise intervention to improve cognition in people with mild to moderate dementia: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: AthertonNicky, BridleChris, BrownDeborah, CollinsHelen, DosanjhSukhdeep, GriffithsFrances, HenningsSusie, KhanKamran, LallRanjit, LyleSamantha, McShaneRupert, MistryDipesh, NicholsVivien, PetrouStavros, SheehanBart, SlowtherAnne-Marie, ThorogoodMargaret, WithersEmma, ZehPeter, LambSarah E

Dementia treatment

This article discusses the use of physical exercise as a non-pharmacological treatment for dementia, considering the growing prevalence of dementia due to aging populations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

32.

Treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: a systematic review.

Author: PreussUlrich W, WongJessica W M, KollerG

Earlier nursing home placement
More severe course of dementia

This review covered the epidemiology, consequences, and evidence-based treatment approaches for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia (BPSD), including both non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies, highlighting their importance in managing dementia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

33.

Technology-enhanced multi-domain at home continuum of care program with respect to usual care for people with cognitive impairment: the Ability-TelerehABILITation study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: RealdonO, RossettoF, NalinM, BaroniI, CabinioM, FioravantiR, SaibeneF L, AlberoniM, MantovaniF, RomanoM, NemniR, BaglioF

Dementia treatment
MCI treatment
None mentioned

This study tested an individualized home-based multidimensional program for enhancing the continuum of care for individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and dementia in early stages.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

34.

Dance movement therapy for dementia.

Author: KarkouVicky, MeekumsBonnie

This study explored the potential of dance movement therapy for people with dementia, emphasizing its capacity to address the complexity of the condition and the need for further research to evaluate its effectiveness.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

35.

Patient Variables Associated with the Assignment of a Formal Dementia Diagnosis to Positively Screened Primary Care Patients.

Author: EichlerTilly, ThyrianJochen Rene, HertelJohannes, RichterSteffen, MichalowskyBernhard, WuchererDiana, DreierAdina, KilimannIngo, TeipelStefan, HoffmannWolfgang

Anti-dementia drug treatment

A formal diagnosis of dementia was associated with a higher likelihood of anti-dementia drug treatment in patients who screened positive for dementia. There was no evidence that a formal diagnosis was associated with harm.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

36.

A systematic review of non-pharmacological treatments for apathy in dementia.

Author: TheleritisChristos, SiarkosKostas, PolitisAnastasios A, KatirtzoglouEverina, PolitisAntonios

apathy reduction

This systematic review examined the effects of non-pharmacological treatments for apathy in dementia. The review found that a variety of interventions, particularly those provided in a multidisciplinary manner, may be effective in reducing apathy. However, the review noted that the quantification of the effect was limited by the methodological heterogeneity of the studies and the small number of studies where apathy was the primary outcome measure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

37.

Effects of Psychosocial Interventions for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementia on the Prescription of Psychotropic Drugs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.

Author: Birkenhäger-GillesseElizabeth G, KollenBoudewijn J, AchterbergWilco P, BoersmaFroukje, JongmanLydia, ZuidemaSytse U

Dementia treatment
Psychosocial interventions
Psychotropic drug use

Dementia often includes behavioral and emotional problems. While medications are used to manage these symptoms, they are not very effective and can have serious side effects. Psychosocial interventions are recommended as the first-line treatment and may help reduce the need for medication.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

38.

Comparison of the efficacy of gesture-verbal treatment and doll therapy for managing neuropsychiatric symptoms in older patients with dementia.

Author: BalzottiAngela, FilograssoMarianna, AltamuraClaudia, FairfieldBeth, BellomoAntonello, DaddatoFabio, VaccaRosa Anna, AltamuraMario

Improved NPS treatment

Nonpharmacological treatments for neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia patients are being explored as a safe alternative to pharmacotherapy due to the significant impact of NPS on quality of life and care burden.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

39.

A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Combined Escitalopram and Memantine for Older Adults With Major Depression and Subjective Memory Complaints.

Author: LavretskyHelen, LairdKelsey T, Krause-SorioBeatrix, HeimbergBrandon F, YearginJillian, GrzendaAdrienne, WuPauline, Thana-UdomKitikan, ErcoliLinda M, SiddarthPrabha

Effective depression treatment
Improved cognitive function

Memantine combined with escitalopram was well tolerated and as effective as escitalopram alone in improving depression in older adults with subjective memory complaints. The combination was also more effective in improving cognitive outcomes.

Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

40.

Animal-assisted therapy for dementia.

Author: LaiNai Ming, ChangSharon Mei Wern, NgSiok Shen, TanShir Ley, ChaiyakunaprukNathorn, StanawayFiona

Improved behaviour
Improved psychological symptoms

Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is gaining attention as a potential treatment for dementia. AAT uses trained animals in therapy sessions to improve psychological symptoms and behaviors in dementia patients, offering a potential benefit for both patients and their caregivers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

41.

Cannabinoids for the Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: BahjiAnees, MeyyappanArthi Chinna, HawkenEmily R

Cannabinoid treatment

This article highlights the increasing global burden of dementia and the need for safer pharmacotherapies, including cannabinoids, to manage neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

42.

Benefits and Harms of Prescription Drugs and Supplements for Treatment of Clinical Alzheimer-Type Dementia.

Author: FinkHoward A, LinskensEric J, MacDonaldRoderick, SilvermanPombie C, McCartenJ Riley, TalleyKristine M C, ForteMary L, DesaiPriyanka J, NelsonVictoria A, MillerMargaret A, HemmyLaura S, BrasureMichelle, TaylorBrent C, NgWeiwen, OuelletteJeannine M, SheetsKerry M, WiltTimothy J, ButlerMary

Improved cognition
Reduced functional decline
Increased adverse events

Cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine showed slight benefits in reducing short-term cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease patients, but their clinical significance remains unclear. Evidence on drug treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms and supplement effects was insufficient.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

43.

Non-Pharmacological interventions for the anxiety in patients with dementia. A cross-over randomised controlled trial.

Author: DimitriouTatiana-Danai, VerykoukiEleni, PapatriantafyllouJohn, KonstaAnastasia, KazisDimitrios, TsolakiMagda

Improved anxiety treatment

This study evaluates three non-pharmacological interventions for the treatment of anxiety in dementia, highlighting the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of anxiety in this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

44.

Bupropion for the Treatment of Apathy in Alzheimer Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: MaierFranziska, SpottkeAnnika, BachJan-Philipp, BartelsClaudia, BuergerKatharina, DodelRichard, FellgiebelAndreas, FliessbachKlaus, FrölichLutz, HausnerLucrezia, HellmichMartin, KlöppelStefan, KlostermannArne, KornhuberJohannes, LaskeChristoph, PetersOliver, PrillerJosef, Richter-SchmidingerTanja, SchneiderAnja, Shah-HosseiniKija, TeipelStefan, von ArnimChristine A F, WiltfangJens, JessenFrank

Apathy in AD

Bupropion was not superior to placebo for the treatment of apathy in patients with dementia of Alzheimer type in the absence of clinically relevant depressed mood. Bupropion was safe and well tolerated, but did not show significant improvement in apathy symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

45.

Design and Rationale of the PACt-MD Randomized Clinical Trial: Prevention of Alzheimer's dementia with Cognitive remediation plus transcranial direct current stimulation in Mild cognitive impairment and Depression.

Author: RajjiTarek K, BowieChristopher R, HerrmannNathan, PollockBruce G, BiksonMarom, BlumbergerDaniel M, ButtersMeryl A, DaskalakisZafiris J, FischerCorinne E, FlintAlastair J, GolasAngela C, Graff-GuerreroAriel, KumarSanjeev, LourencoLillian, MahLinda, OvaysikiaShima, ThorpeKevin E, VoineskosAristotle N, MulsantBenoit H,

ADRD prevention

A multisite randomized controlled trial, PACt-MD, is being conducted to assess the efficacy of a novel intervention, cognitive remediation (CR) plus transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), in preventing Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) in high-risk individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or remitted major depressive disorder (MDD). The trial will compare the efficacy of CR + tDCS versus sham-CR + sham-tDCS in preventing long-term cognitive decline and the incidence of ADRD or MCI.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

46.

Activities of Daily Living and Associated Costs in the Most Widespread Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Systematic Review.

Author: MaresovaPetra, HruskaJan, KlimovaBlanka, BarakovicSabina, KrejcarOndrej

Dementia treatment
Improved QoL
Dementia progression

This systematic review examines activities of daily living (ADLs) that are gradually reduced among patients with dementia and explores therapies that improve quality of life (QoL) for patients and caregivers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

47.

Targeting impaired nutrient sensing with repurposed therapeutics to prevent or treat age-related cognitive decline and dementia: A systematic review.

Author: KioussisBenjamin, TuttleCamilla S L, HeardDaniel S, KennedyBrian K, LautenschlagerNicola T, MaierAndrea B

Dementia treatment

Dementia is a debilitating syndrome that significantly impacts individuals over the age of 65. Currently, there are no disease-modifying treatments for dementia. Impairment of nutrient sensing pathways has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dementia and may offer a novel treatment approach for dementia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

48.

The effectiveness of physical exercise interventions in the management of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia patients: a systematic review.

Author: KouloutbaniKomanthi, VenetsanouFotini, MarkatiAlexandra, KarteroliotisKonstantinos E, PolitisAntonios

Improved mood
Reduced NPS
Drug side effects

Aerobic exercise 3 to 5 times a week has a positive effect on neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia patients. Multidimensional interventions combining different types of exercise are not as effective. Strength training can significantly reduce depression symptoms and behavioral problems in patients with mobility problems.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

49.

What Makes Deprescription of Psychotropic Drugs in Nursing Home Residents with Dementia so Challenging? A Qualitative Systematic Review of Barriers and Facilitators.

Author: MothAmalie Elisabeth, HølmkjærPernille, HolmAnne, RozingMaarten Pieter, OverbeckGritt

Reduced psychotropic drug use
Adverse events
Side effects

Psychotropic drugs are often prescribed to address behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in nursing homes, despite the limited effectiveness and risks of side effects. This study aims to explore reasons for variations in results among studies attempting to reduce the use of psychotropic drugs.

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

50.

Systematic review of the current psychosocial interventions for people with moderate to severe dementia.

Author: HuiEsther K, TischlerVictoria, WongGloria H Y, LauW Y Tiffany, SpectorAimee

Psychosocial interventions for dementia

This review examined the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for people with moderate to severe dementia, focusing on improving cognition and quality of life (QoL), considering the limited treatment options for advanced dementia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

51.

Medical cannabinoids for treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia: a systematic review.

Author: StellaFlorindo, ValiengoLeandro C Lane, PaulaVanessa J R de, LimaCarlos Augusto de Mendonça, ForlenzaOrestes V

Treatment for neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia
Adverse drug events
Limited efficacy

This study discussed the challenges of managing neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in patients with dementia, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic options due to limited efficacy and potential side effects of current treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

52.

Cannabinoids for the treatment of dementia.

Author: Bosnjak KuharicDina, MarkovicDomagoj, BrkovicTonci, Jeric KegaljMilka, RubicZana, Vuica VukasovicAna, JeroncicAna, PuljakLivia

Sedation

Cannabinoids were found to have little or no clinically important effect on cognition and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in four small, short, and heterogeneous placebo-controlled trials. Further research is needed to determine the efficacy and safety of cannabinoids in dementia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

53.

Impact of Donepezil and Memantine on Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer Disease: Six-month Open-label Study.

Author: Bago RožankovićPetra, RožankovićMarjan, BadžakJasna, StojićMaristela, Šušak SporišIvana

Improved BPSD

Both donepezil and memantine were effective in treating behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in individuals with moderate Alzheimer disease (AD). Both treatments resulted in significant improvements in most domains of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), except for euphoria and apathy, which did not show improvement with memantine.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

54.

Effects of Drama Therapy on Depressive Symptoms, Attention, and Quality of Life in Patients With Dementia.

Author: LinLi-Wei, LuYi-Hsin, ChangTasi-Hsiu, YehShu-Hui

Dementia care

This study examined the use of drama therapy for individuals with dementia in Taiwan. While drama therapy has been shown to be beneficial for dementia care in other countries, there is a lack of research on this topic in Taiwan.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

55.

Relapse in Dementia-related Psychosis and Clinical Decisions.

Author: Soto-MartinMaria, FoffErin P, DevanandDavangere P

Reduced dementia-related psychosis symptoms
Antipsychotic side effects
Relapse risk

This abstract discusses the challenges of treating dementia-related psychosis (DRP), a condition characterized by hallucinations and delusions in patients with dementia. While antipsychotics are often used off-label, their efficacy is limited, and there are significant safety concerns. The need for new, well-tolerated therapies that effectively reduce DRP symptoms is highlighted.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

56.

The Dose and Duration-dependent Association between Melatonin Treatment and Overall Cognition in Alzheimer's Dementia: A Network Meta- Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials.

Author: TsengPing-Tao, ZengBing-Yan, ChenYen-Wen, YangChun-Pai, SuKuan-Pin, ChenTien-Yu, WuYi-Cheng, TuYu-Kang, LinPao-Yen, CarvalhoAndre F, StubbsBrendon, MatsuokaYutaka J, LiDian-Jeng, LiangChih-Sung, HsuChih-Wei, SunCheuk-Kwan, ChengYu-Shian, YehPin-Yang, ShiueYow-Ling

Cognitive benefits

This study reviewed the potential benefits of exogenous melatonin for cognition in Alzheimer's dementia (AD). The study found divergent results across trials and emphasized the need for further research to determine the efficacy of melatonin for AD.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

57.

Withdrawal or continuation of cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine or both, in people with dementia.

Author: ParsonsCarole, LimWei Yin, LoyClement, McGuinnessBernadette, PassmorePeter, WardStephanie A, HughesCarmel

Dementia treatment
Adverse effects

Dementia is a brain disorder that causes memory loss, thinking problems, and changes in behavior. Medications like donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, and memantine are commonly used to help manage dementia symptoms and slow its progression. However, we need more research to understand the long-term effects of these medications, especially in severe dementia, and when to stop treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

58.

Effectiveness of treatments for people living with severe dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled clinical trials.

Author: ProfyriElena, LeungPhuong, HuntleyJonathan, OrgetaVasiliki

Improved function
Reduced disease severity

This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments for people living with severe dementia. There is moderate-certainty evidence that pharmacological treatments (donepezil, galantamine, memantine) may decrease disease severity and improve function compared to placebo. Non-pharmacological treatments (multi-sensory stimulation, needs assessment, and activities-based interventions) are probably effective in reducing neuropsychiatric symptoms, but the quality of evidence remains low.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

60.

Pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: a network meta-analysis.

Author: HuangYu-Yuan, TengTeng, GiovaneCinzia D, WangRong-Ze, SucklingJohn, ShenXue-Ning, ChenShi-Dong, HuangShu-Yi, KuoKevin, CaiWen-Jie, ChenKe-Liang, FengLei, ZhangCan, LiuCai-Yan, LiChun-Bo, ZhaoQian-Hua, DongQiang, ZhouXin-Yu, YuJin-Tai

NPS reduction (galantamine)
NPS reduction (risperidone)
Dropout (galantamine)
Dropout (rivastigmine)

Risperidone was found to be the most effective pharmacological option for alleviating neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in dementia in the short-term, although more research is needed.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

61.

Dance movement therapy for dementia.

Author: KarkouVicky, AithalSupritha, RichardsMichael, HileyEllean, MeekumsBonnie

Dance movement therapy effectiveness
Dementia treatment

This study explores the potential benefits of dance movement therapy (DMT) for people with dementia, highlighting the growing body of literature supporting the use of arts and embodied practices in addressing the multifaceted challenges of dementia.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

62.

Targeting impaired nutrient sensing via the sirtuin pathway with novel compounds to prevent or treat dementia: A systematic review.

Author: MatysekAdrian, SunLina, KimmantudawageSumudu Perera, FengLei, MaierAndrea B

Improved cognitive function

Animal studies support the potential of modulating the sirtuin pathway to improve cognitive outcomes. However, there is a lack of translation from animal models to human populations.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

63.

Treatment Efficacy of Pharmacotherapies for Frontotemporal Dementia: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Author: HuangMao-Hsuan, ZengBing-Syuan, TsengPing-Tao, HsuChih-Wei, WuYi-Cheng, TuYu-Kang, StubbsBrendon, CarvalhoAndre F, LiangChih-Sung, ChenTien-Yu, ChenYen-Wen, SuKuan-Pin

FTD symptom management
Piracetam side effects
Trazodone side effects

High-dose oxytocin may be beneficial for neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD), while piracetam should be used with caution. This network meta-analysis of 7 RCTs involving 243 participants found that high-dose oxytocin (72 international units) significantly improved neuropsychiatric symptoms compared to placebo, while piracetam significantly worsened symptoms and caregiver stress. Trazodone had a higher rate of adverse events.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

64.

A Remotely Coached Multimodal Lifestyle Intervention for Alzheimer's Disease Ameliorates Functional and Cognitive Outcomes.

Author: RoachJared C, RapozoMolly K, HaraJunko, GlusmanGwênlyn, LovejoyJennifer, ShankleWilliam R, HoodLeroy,

AD prevention
AD treatment

Treating Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) requires not only medications but also addressing other health conditions, making lifestyle changes, and using therapies like cognitive training and exercise. Tailoring treatments to each individual is key to preventing and managing Alzheimer's disease.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

65.

A pragmatic, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomised trial to assess the safety, clinical and cost-effectiveness of mirtazapine and carbamazepine in people with Alzheimer's disease and agitated behaviours: the HTA-SYMBAD trial.

Author: BanerjeeSube, FarinaNicolas, HendersonCatherine, HighJuliet, StirlingSusan, ShepstoneLee, FountainJulia, BallardClive, BenthamPeter, BurnsAlistair, FoxChris, FrancisPaul, HowardRobert, KnappMartin, LeroiIracema, LivingstonGill, NilforooshanRamin, NurockShirley, O'BrienJohn, PriceAnnabel, ThomasAlan J, SwartAnn Marie, TellingTanya, TabetNaji

Agitation treatment
Non-pharmacological approaches
Agitation in dementia
Antipsychotics

A clinical trial of mirtazapine for agitation in dementia found that it was not clinically or cost-effective compared to placebo. Therefore, there is no reason to recommend mirtazapine for people with dementia who have agitation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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