Effects of diphenhydramine topical: A Synthesis of Findings from 24 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Diphenhydramine (DPH) is a widely used antihistamine, which is known to relieve itching and pain when applied topically. 4 found that DPH modulates the voltage-dependence of transient receptor potential type A1 (TRPA1) channels, which are known to be involved in both acute and chronic itch and pain. This modulation occurs regardless of whether TRPA1 is activated by electrophilic or non-electrophilic agonists, and it applies to both mouse and human TRPA1. DPH may enhance inward currents and suppress outward currents of TRPA1, converting the channel from outwardly rectifying to inwardly rectifying. This suggests that DPH may exert its therapeutic effects on itch and pain through modulation of TRPA1 in a voltage-dependent fashion. 10 further demonstrated that topical antihistamines, including diphenhydramine, can enhance the skin's permeability barrier function, which is essential for protecting the body from external irritants and infections. This suggests that topical diphenhydramine may have anti-inflammatory effects in addition to its antihistamine properties.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Topical diphenhydramine has been shown to reduce itch and pain. It also may enhance the skin's barrier function, providing additional protection against inflammation and irritation.

Risk Summary

Diphenhydramine can cause allergic reactions in some individuals, including severe cutaneous reactions. reported a case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by topical diphenhydramine. 12 suggests that diphenhydramine may worsen skin reactions caused by certain cancer treatments.

Comparison of Studies

Similarities

The studies presented here indicate that diphenhydramine can exert its therapeutic effects through different mechanisms, including modulation of TRPA1 channels and enhancement of skin barrier function. This suggests that topical diphenhydramine might be effective for various dermatological conditions.

Differences

The studies explored the effects of diphenhydramine in different contexts, using different approaches, and focusing on various aspects of its impact. Therefore, direct comparison of the findings is challenging.

Consistency and Contradictions

While several studies point towards the effectiveness of topical diphenhydramine in reducing itch, pain, and inflammation, there are also reports highlighting its potential to induce allergic reactions in some individuals. Therefore, it is crucial to consider individual responses and potential risks before using diphenhydramine topically.

Considerations for Real-Life Application

Diphenhydramine is a common antihistamine, and its topical application can be helpful for relieving itch and pain. However, it is important to consult a healthcare professional before using diphenhydramine topically, particularly if you have a history of allergic reactions or if you are undergoing cancer treatment. Additionally, closely monitor your skin for any adverse reactions and discontinue use if you experience any severe or unusual symptoms.

Limitations of Current Research

The available research on diphenhydramine is limited, particularly concerning its long-term effects and the specific mechanisms by which it exerts its various therapeutic effects. Further research is needed to understand the potential risks and benefits of diphenhydramine in different populations and under various conditions.

Directions for Future Research

Future research should focus on the long-term safety and efficacy of topical diphenhydramine. This research should investigate its effectiveness for a broader range of dermatological conditions and determine optimal formulations and dosage for different populations.

Conclusion

Topical diphenhydramine has shown promise in reducing itch and pain, potentially through mechanisms involving TRPA1 modulation and skin barrier enhancement. However, its use is associated with potential allergic reactions, and further research is required to understand its full scope of benefits and risks. Consult a healthcare professional before using topical diphenhydramine, especially if you have a history of allergies or are undergoing cancer treatment.

Literature analysis of 24 papers
Positive Content
19
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
4
Article Type
3
1
1
1
23
1.

Yoga therapy as an adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia: a randomized, controlled pilot study.

Author: ViscegliaElizabeth, LewisStephen

Improved psychopathology
Improved quality of life

This randomized controlled pilot study evaluated the effects of an 8-week Yoga Therapy program on symptomatology and quality of life in adults with schizophrenia. The Yoga Therapy group showed significant improvements in psychopathology and quality of life compared to a waitlist control group. The findings require confirmation in larger studies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

2013 SYR Accepted Poster Abstracts.

Author:

Better sleep
Enhanced physical function
Improved cardiovascular health
Improved mental health
Improved mood
Potential for diverse health benefits
Reduced stress and anxiety
Yoga benefits
Needs further research
Potential for misuse
Unclear mechanisms

This abstract lists 41 different studies presented at a conference, all exploring the potential benefits of yoga for various health conditions and populations. The studies investigated yoga's impact on mental health, physical health, stress management, and even smoking cessation in diverse groups, including veterans, adolescents, older adults, and those with specific conditions like cancer, heart disease, and arthritis. The research also explored the development of standardized yoga protocols and the use of technology to make yoga accessible.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

4.

Voltage-dependent modulation of TRPA1 currents by diphenhydramine.

Author: ShenXianfeng, WangQiaochu, LinYakang, SreekrishnaKoti, JianZhiyuan, ZhuMichael X, TianJinbin

itch and pain relief

Diphenhydramine (DPH) is commonly used for allergy treatment. This study demonstrates that DPH modulates the voltage-dependence of TRPA1, a channel involved in itch and pain. DPH enhances inward currents and suppresses outward currents of TRPA1, potentially explaining its therapeutic effects on itch and pain.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

6.

Contact Dermatitis Reaction to 2-Octyl Cyanoacrylate Following 3 Orthopedic Procedures.

Author: LakeNicholas H, BarlowBrian T, ToledanoJames E, ValentineJohannah, McDonaldLucas S

Surgical incision closure
Contact dermatitis

This case series highlights the occurrence of allergic contact dermatitis to 2-octyl cyanoacrylate, a skin adhesive commonly used in orthopedic surgery. The authors emphasize the importance of recognizing this complication and provide treatment recommendations.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Safe Use of Subcutaneous Diphenhydramine in the Inpatient Hospice Unit.

Author: ChenAileen, LoquiasErwin J, RoshanRamesh, LeveneRichard, ZelhofRaymond, HickeyTerry, CooneyGail Austin, GonzalezFaustino

Safe for subcutaneous administration
Skin necrosis

This study provides objective data concerning the safe use of subcutaneous diphenhydramine in hospice patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

Exuberant connubial allergic contact dermatitis from diphenhydramine.

Author: TeixeiraVera, CabralRita, GonçaloMargarida

Connubial dermatitis

This study reported a case of connubial dermatitis caused by topical diphenhydramine, highlighting a rare type of allergic contact dermatitis where the allergen is applied by a partner or cohabitant.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

9.

A novel topical formulation containing strontium chloride significantly reduces the intensity and duration of cowhage-induced itch.

Author: PapoiuAlexandru D P, Valdes-RodriguezRodrigo, NattkemperLeigh A, ChanYiong-Huak, HahnGary S, YosipovitchGil

Antipruritic effect

Topical strontium was effective in reducing cowhage-induced itch, a nonhistaminergic form of itch. Strontium was superior to hydrocortisone and diphenhydramine.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Topical antihistamines display potent anti-inflammatory activity linked in part to enhanced permeability barrier function.

Author: LinTzu-Kai, ManMao-Qiang, SantiagoJuan-Luis, ParkKyungho, RoelandtTruus, OdaYuko, HupeMelanie, CrumrineDebra, LeeHae-Jin, GschwandtnerMaria, ThyssenJacob P, TrullasCarles, TschachlerErwin, FeingoldKenneth R, EliasPeter M

Inflammatory dermatoses treatment

This study investigated the effects of topical histamine type 1 and 2 receptor (H1/2r) antagonists on inflammatory dermatoses in mice. The results showed that topical H1/2r antagonists enhanced permeability barrier homeostasis, reduced inflammation, and improved barrier function.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

11.

ABH gel is not absorbed from the skin of normal volunteers.

Author: SmithThomas J, RitterJoseph K, PoklisJustin L, FletcherDevon, CoynePatrick J, DodsonPatricia, ParkerGwendolyn

Nausea treatment
Drug absorption

This study examined whether lorazepam, diphenhydramine, and haloperidol (ABH) topical gel drugs are absorbed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Severe cutaneous reaction to cetuximab with possible association with the use of over-the-counter skin care products in a patient with oropharyngeal cancer.

Author: WarisWaris, NaikSeeta, IdreesImran, TahaHesham, CamosinoLinda, MehrishiAnshu, SaifMuhammad Wasif

Head and neck cancer
Skin rash

This article discusses the management of locally advanced head and neck cancer, highlighting the effectiveness of epithelial growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) in combination with radiation therapy. Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody targeting EGFR, is indicated for this treatment. While mild acneiform skin rash is common, severe rash is uncommon.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

13.

Diphenhydramine as a topical ocular anesthetic.

Author: SuffridgePhillip J, WigginsMichael N, LandesReid D, HarperRichard A

Corneal anesthesia
Safe alternative
Conjunctival injection
Corneal toxicity

5% diphenhydramine solution topically applied to rabbit corneas demonstrated significant anesthetic effect compared with salt solution. It may be a safe alternative to topical anesthetics for patients with multiple allergies. Further studies are needed to determine a dose-response curve and evaluate corneal toxicity.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Lorazepam, diphenhydramine, and haloperidol transdermal gel for rescue from chemotherapy-induced nausea/vomiting: results of two pilot trials.

Author: BleicherJacob, BhaskaraAchala, HuyckTim, ConstantinoSusan, BardiaAditya, LoprinziCharles L, SilbersteinPeter T

CINV treatment
Sedation

This study investigated the efficacy of ABH gel, a topical gel containing lorazepam, diphenhydramine, and haloperidol, in reducing breakthrough chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The gel was found to be a promising and safe rescue therapy for breakthrough CINV.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Allergic contact dermatitis to mango flesh.

Author: WeinsteinSari, Bassiri-TehraniShirley, CohenDavid E

Allergic reaction
Eczema-like plaques

A young woman experienced a severe allergic reaction to mango, resulting in a rash and swelling. Patch testing revealed positive reactions to mango skin and flesh, as well as nickel and p-tertbutylphenol formaldehyde resin, which were likely associated with a wristwatch strap.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

17.

Preliminary observation with dronabinol in patients with intractable pruritus secondary to cholestatic liver disease.

Author: NeffGuy W, O'BrienChristopher B, ReddyK Rajender, BergasaNora V, RegevArie, MolinaEnrique, AmaroRafael, RodriguezMiguel J, ChaseVeEtta, JeffersLennox, SchiffEugene

Cholestatic pruritus
Sleep improvement
Coordination disturbance

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta-9-THC) was effective in treating intractable cholestatic pruritus that did not respond to conventional therapies.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-induced rash: case report and review of the literature.

Author: SannicandroTracie J, FarrarMartha C, MarkowitzJohn S

Skin rashes

This report describes a patient who developed a rash after starting paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). The rash resolved after discontinuation of paroxetine, suggesting a potential drug class effect.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

20.

Injectable versus topical anesthesia for cataract surgery: patient perceptions of pain and side effects. The Study of Medical Testing for Cataract Surgery study team.

Author: KatzJ, FeldmanM A, BassE B, LubomskiL H, TielschJ M, PettyB G, FleisherL A, ScheinO D

Low reports of pain and side effects
Side effects vary by anesthesia strategy

Anesthesia strategies for cataract surgery impact patient reports of intraoperative pain and postoperative side effects. Local anesthesia by injection with sedatives and diphenhydramine resulted in the lowest reports of pain (1.3%). Sedatives and opioids reduced pain but increased nausea and vomiting. Diphenhydramine reduced pain and side effects. Hypnotics increased pain and nausea.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

21.

Demodicosis in red-handed tamarins (Saguinus midas).

Author: JamesS B, RaphaelB L

Demodicosis treatment
Recurrence of signs

Two tamarins presented with demodicosis, a skin condition caused by mites. The animals were treated with ivermectin and amitraz, and the demodicosis lesions resolved after four treatments with amitraz.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

22.

Effect of topical diphenhydramine on the laryngeal chemoreflex.

Author: BoyerH C, DownsD H, GodingG S, PernellK J

Reduced apnea

Nebulization of diphenhydramine effectively reduced laryngeal chemoreflex-induced apnea in piglets for a short time.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

24.

Regulation of jejunal arterioles by capsaicin-sensitive nerves in Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-sensitized rats.

Author: MathisonR, DavisonJ S

Capsaicin-induced dilation of serosal arterioles in rats sensitized to the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis is mediated by histamine released from mast cells, acting via a nitric oxide (NO)-dependent mechanism.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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