Side Effects of edoxaban: A Synthesis of Findings from 29 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Edoxaban is a direct factor Xa inhibitor that is used to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and to prevent and treat venous thromboembolism. 25 , 21 . Compared to warfarin, edoxaban has demonstrated to be non-inferior or superior in the prophylaxis or treatment of thromboembolic events, particularly in terms of safety. 20 , 25 . It has been shown to be associated with less major bleeding, including intracranial bleeding. 20 , 25 . Edoxaban also has several advantages over warfarin, including a more predictable pharmacokinetic profile, and a shorter half-life that makes it easier to adjust doses. 20 . It does not require regular monitoring to assess its effect and is given in fixed doses, making it easier for patients to take. 20

Reasons for Side Effects

Edoxaban is a blood thinner, meaning that it reduces the ability of blood to clot. 3 . This can increase the risk of bleeding. 3 , 23 . Edoxaban is also eliminated by the kidneys. People with kidney disease may have a higher risk of bleeding. 27 .

Common Side Effects

Bleeding

Edoxaban, like other oral anticoagulants, can increase the risk of bleeding. 3 , 23 . This can include bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, brain, or other areas. 16 . The risk of bleeding can be higher in people who are older, have kidney disease, have a history of stomach ulcers, or are taking other drugs that can cause bleeding, such as aspirin or clopidogrel. 16 .

Skin Reactions

Edoxaban can cause skin reactions. 13 . These can include rashes, itching, hives, and other skin problems. 13 .

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Edoxaban can cause gastrointestinal symptoms. 16 . These can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. 16 .

Side Effect Management

Bleeding

To reduce the risk of bleeding, it is important to assess a patient's risk factors for bleeding before prescribing edoxaban. 16 . It may also be necessary to adjust the dose of edoxaban or to give a patient medications to prevent stomach ulcers. 16 . If a patient does experience bleeding, edoxaban should be stopped and the bleeding should be treated appropriately. 16 .

Skin Reactions

If a patient experiences a skin reaction, edoxaban should be stopped and a doctor should be consulted. 13 .

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

If a patient experiences gastrointestinal symptoms, edoxaban should be stopped and a doctor should be consulted. 16 .

Comparison of Studies

Commonalities

Many studies have shown that edoxaban is effective for preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. 25 . Studies have also shown that edoxaban has a lower risk of bleeding compared to warfarin. 25 .

Differences

Some studies comparing edoxaban to warfarin have shown that edoxaban may be more effective for stroke prevention, but other studies have not shown a difference. 25 . Additionally, the risk of bleeding associated with edoxaban has varied across different studies. 25 .

Implications for Everyday Life

Edoxaban is a medication that can be effective for preventing stroke and treating blood clots, but it carries a risk of bleeding. 25 , 21 . If you are taking edoxaban, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions and to be aware of the risk factors for bleeding. 16 . If you experience bleeding while taking edoxaban, you should contact your doctor immediately. 16 . If you have kidney disease, you should talk to your doctor before taking edoxaban. 27 .

Current Limitations of Research

There is still not enough research on the safety and efficacy of edoxaban. 5 . More research is needed, especially on the safety and efficacy of long-term use of edoxaban. 10 . The interactions of edoxaban with other drugs have not been fully investigated. 27 .

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed on the safety and efficacy of long-term use of edoxaban, the interactions of edoxaban with other drugs, and the prevention and treatment of side effects of edoxaban. 5 , 10 .

Conclusion

Edoxaban is a medication that can be effective for preventing stroke and treating blood clots, but it carries a risk of bleeding. 25 , 21 . If you are taking edoxaban, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions and to be aware of the risk factors for bleeding. 16 . If you experience bleeding while taking edoxaban, you should contact your doctor immediately. 16 .

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Early detection of adverse events
Improved adherence
Safe administration
1
Stroke prevention
2
Prevents VTE
Protects coagulation cascade
Treats thromboses
3
Lymphoma management
VTE treatment
4
VTE prevention
5
Improved CML survival
6
Thromboembolism treatment
7
Reduced thrombosis risk
8
Personalized therapy
9
Extended VTE treatment
VTE prevention
10
Anticoagulant therapy
Antithrombotic therapy
11
Effective for DVT prevention
12
Lower risk of global bleeding
Potential osteoporosis protection
14
Anticoagulation reversal
15
Prevents Stroke
Prevents Venous Thromboembolism
16
Stroke prevention
Systemic embolism prevention
Venous thromboembolism prevention
Venous thromboembolism treatment
17
More efficacious anticoagulant
Safer anticoagulant
18
Oral anticoagulation
19
Oral administration
Predictable pharmacokinetics
Rapid onset
Reduced bleeding
Superior stroke prevention
20
Improved management
21
Anticoagulation
22
Lower bleeding risk
23
Blood thinner advantage
Warfarin alternative
24
Reduces risk of intracerebral bleeding
Treats atrial fibrillation
25
Convenience
Efficacy
Safety
Stroke prevention
26
Apixaban effective anticoagulant
Dabigatran effective anticoagulant
Edoxaban effective anticoagulant
Rivaroxaban effective anticoagulant
27
Stroke prevention
28
Antithrombotic action
29
Risk Keywords
Epileptic seizure
Liver function abnormalities
Venous thrombosis
1
Esophagitis
2
Bleeding
3
Bleeding
Thrombosis
4
DOAC risk
5
Atrial fibrillation
VTE
6
Adverse drug reactions
Inconsistent data
7
Drug interactions
Side effects
8
Bleeding
10
Bleeding
11
Hepatic dysfunction
12
Skin hypersensitivity
13
Diarrhea
Epistaxis
Hematoma
14
Gastrointestinal Bleeding
16
Bleeding
Hemorrhage
Urgent surgery
18
Bleeding
19
Coagulation assay interference
Drug interactions
Renal/hepatic dependence
20
Drug interactions
Perioperative use
Renal function
Side effects
21
Bleeding risk
23
Bleeding side effect
24
Drawbacks
Side effects
26
Adverse side effects
Hemorrhages
Treatment withdrawal
28
Literature analysis of 29 papers
Positive Content
28
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
0
Article Type
1
1
1
16
27
1.

[A Patient with Endometrial Cancer Safely Administered Pembrolizumab Through a Pharmaceutical Outpatient Service].

Author: KitanoYoko, KohriYusuke, IdaTsutomu

Early detection of adverse events
Improved adherence
Safe administration
Epileptic seizure
Liver function abnormalities
Venous thrombosis

This case illustrates the usefulness of pharmaceutical outpatient clinics in managing patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors. The patient experienced several adverse events, including liver function abnormalities and venous thrombosis, which were managed successfully with outpatient consultations and interventions.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Japanese

2.

Dabigatran-induced esophagitis with full circumferential blue pigmentation.

Author: ArakiTomonori, HayashiKohei, SonodaYuki, HondaTakuya, ImamuraYoshifumi, KoideYuji, HamadaHisayuki, NakaoKazuhiko

Stroke prevention
Esophagitis

This case study reports a 77-year-old man with dabigatran-induced esophagitis, a rare side effect. The patient's symptoms resolved after switching to edoxaban.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

3.

Direct (New) Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs): Drawbacks, Bleeding and Reversal.

Author: KarciogluOzgur, ZenginSehmus, OzkayaBilgen, ErsanEylem, YilmazSarper, AfacanGoksu, AbuskaDerya, HosseinzadehMandana, YeniocakSelman

Prevents VTE
Protects coagulation cascade
Treats thromboses
Bleeding

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are promising options for treating thromboses and venous thromboembolism (VTE) with lower bleeding risks than warfarin. However, DOACs carry a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding compared to warfarin. This review summarizes the side effects of DOACs in various clinical scenarios.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Using oral anticoagulants among chronic kidney disease patients to prevent recurrent venous thromboembolism: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: AlhousaniMohammad, MalikSaad Ullah, Abu-HashyehAhmad, PoznanskiNoah John, Al-HasanSara, RothDanielle Frances, AlsharediMohamed, MustafaBisher

VTE prevention
DOAC risk

This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and other oral anticoagulants in preventing recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) in high-risk patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study will explore the potential of DOACs as a treatment option for VTE in CKD patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

7.

Adverse Drug Reactions during Real-Life Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Italy: An Update Based on Data from the Italian National Pharmacovigilance Network.

Author: LavalleCarlo, Di LulloLuca, BellasiAntonio, RoncoClaudio, RadicchiaStefano, BarberaVincenzo, GalardoGioacchino, PiroAgostino, MagnocavalloMichele, StraitoMartina, UguccioniMassimo

Thromboembolism treatment
Adverse drug reactions
Inconsistent data

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are a new class of drugs that are used to prevent blood clots. There is currently no evidence from head-to-head trials comparing the safety and efficacy of different DOACs. This study suggests that examining self-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs) may be helpful in guiding decision-making about DOAC use.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

Current and Emerging Direct Oral Anticoagulants: State-of-the-Art.

Author: LippiGiuseppe, GosselinRobert, FavaloroEmmanuel J

Reduced thrombosis risk
Drug interactions
Side effects

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are a new type of blood thinner that do not require regular monitoring. They have several advantages over older blood thinners, but further research is needed to understand their full effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Liquid chromatographic methods for the determination of direct oral anticoagulant drugs in biological samples: A critical review.

Author: GouveiaFilipa, BickerJoana, GonçalvesJoana, AlvesGilberto, FalcãoAmílcar, FortunaAna

Personalized therapy

New techniques are being developed to measure the levels of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the blood.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Long-Term Management of Venous Thromboembolism: Lessons from EINSTEIN CHOICE and Other Extension Trials.

Author: WeitzJeffrey I, ChanNoel C

Extended VTE treatment
VTE prevention
Bleeding

Rivaroxaban, a blood thinner, has been shown to be more effective than aspirin in preventing blood clots in patients with venous thromboembolism.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

12.

A prospective randomized comparative study to determine appropriate edoxaban administration period, to prevent deep vein thromboembolism in patients with total knee arthroplasty.

Author: IshidaKazunari, ShibanumaNao, KodatoKazuki, TodaAkihiko, SasakiHiroshi, TakayamaKoji, HayashiShinya, HashimotoShingo, MatsushitaTakehiko, NiikuraTakahiro, KurosakaMasahiro, KurodaRyosuke, MatsumotoTomoyuki

Effective for DVT prevention
Hepatic dysfunction

Edoxaban 15 mg administered for 2 weeks was more effective in preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) than when administered for 1 week. There was no significant difference in DVT incidence at 1 week, but the 2-week group had a significantly lower incidence at 2 weeks.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

New Anticoagulant Agents: Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions and New Signals Thereof.

Author: Treceño-LobatoCarlos, Jiménez-SerraníaMaría-Isabel, Martínez-GarcíaRaquel, Corzo-DelibesFrancisco, Martín AriasLuis H

Lower risk of global bleeding
Potential osteoporosis protection
Diarrhea
Epistaxis
Hematoma

Nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) appear to be safer than vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in real-life ambulatory settings. In a study of 334 patients, NOACs were associated with a lower risk of global bleeding, specifically dabigatran, and a potential protective effect against osteoporosis, especially with apixaban. VKAs were associated with a higher risk of epistaxis and hematoma.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.

Language : English

15.

Andexanet alfa: a recombinant mimetic of human factor Xa for the reversal of anticoagulant therapies.

Author: EscolarG, Diaz-RicartM, Arellano-RodrigoE

Anticoagulation reversal

This review discusses the clinical development of andexanet alfa, a modified recombinant human FXa molecule designed to reverse the anticoagulant effects of both direct and indirect FXa inhibitors. Andexanet alfa shows promise in reversing the anticoagulation of FXa inhibitors, but further research is needed to fully assess its efficacy and safety.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Gastrointestinal bleeding in patients on novel oral anticoagulants: Risk, prevention and management.

Author: CheungKa-Shing, LeungWai K

Prevents Stroke
Prevents Venous Thromboembolism
Gastrointestinal Bleeding

This review discusses the side effects of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) related to gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB). NOACs, such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban, are associated with a higher risk of GIB compared to warfarin. The review also provides strategies for preventing and managing NOAC-related GIB.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

Italian intersociety consensus on DOAC use in internal medicine.

Author: PriscoDomenico, AgenoWalter, BecattiniCecilia, D'AngeloArmando, DavìGiovanni, De CristofaroRaimondo, DentaliFrancesco, Di MinnoGiovanni, FalangaAnna, GussoniGualberto, MasottiLuca, PalaretiGualtiero, PignatelliPasquale, SantiRoberto M, SantilliFrancesca, SilingardiMauro, TufanoAntonella, VioliFrancesco,

Stroke prevention
Systemic embolism prevention
Venous thromboembolism prevention
Venous thromboembolism treatment

This consensus paper provides guidance on the use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic events. It emphasizes the importance of understanding the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of DOACs to ensure their safe and effective use.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

[New oral anticoagulants (NOAC) in nephrology].

Author: BellasiAntonio, Di LulloLuca, MelfaGianvincenzo, MinorettiClaudio, RattiCarlo, CampanaCarlo, VolpiMaurizio, ManganoStefano, Di IorioBiagio, CozzolinoMario

More efficacious anticoagulant
Safer anticoagulant
Bleeding
Hemorrhage
Urgent surgery

This review provides an overview of the pharmacokinetics, risk factors for bleeding, and interventions to reverse the anticoagulant effect of new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in the Italian market. The review highlights the importance of adjusting dosage based on renal and liver function and the lack of antidotes for most NOACs/DOACs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Italian

20.

New Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOAC) and Their Use Today.

Author: SchwarbHeike, TsakirisDimitrios A

Oral administration
Predictable pharmacokinetics
Rapid onset
Reduced bleeding
Superior stroke prevention
Coagulation assay interference
Drug interactions
Renal/hepatic dependence

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) offer an alternative to vitamin K antagonists for thrombosis prevention and treatment. DOACs have a better safety profile with less bleeding, but need monitoring and lack a reversal agent.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

21.

Direct oral anticoagulants: a guide for daily practice.

Author: FontanaPierre, Robert-EbadiHelia, BounameauxHenri, BoehlenFrançoise, RighiniMarc

Improved management
Drug interactions
Perioperative use
Renal function
Side effects

This review provides practical guidelines for the prescription and use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), including dabigatran, apixaban, edoxaban, and rivaroxaban, in everyday clinical practice. It addresses pharmacokinetics, dosing, side effects, monitoring, reversal, and specific considerations for different clinical scenarios.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

22.

[The latest recommendations on the use of new oral anticoagulants in routine practice].

Author: WitkowskiMichał, WitkowskaMagdalena, SmolewskiPiotr

Anticoagulation

Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are a breakthrough in anticoagulation treatment, offering several advantages over conventional anticoagulants. They have a rapid onset and offset of action, fewer drug interactions, and predictable pharmacokinetics.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Polish

23.

To Bleed or Not to Bleed: That is the Question. The Side Effects of Apixaban.

Author: CicconeMarco Matteo, ZitoAnnapaola, DevitoFiorella, MaielloMaria, PalmieroPasquale

Lower bleeding risk
Bleeding risk

Apixaban is a new oral anticoagulant (NOACs: Novel Oral Anticoagulant) prescribed to patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism to replace warfarin. Apixaban, compared with warfarin, was associated with a lower rate of intracranial hemorrhages and less adverse consequences following extracranial hemorrhage in the ARISTOTLE Trial.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

24.

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).

Author: VazquezSara, RondinaMatthew T

Blood thinner advantage
Warfarin alternative
Bleeding side effect

Macular hole formation after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy is a rare but possible complication.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

25.

[Stroke prevention with direct oral anticoagulants in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation].

Author: HohnloserStefan H, VámosMáté, DienerHans-Christoph

Reduces risk of intracerebral bleeding
Treats atrial fibrillation

This article discusses the benefits of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) over vitamin K antagonists for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. DOACs are more effective and have a lower risk of intracerebral bleeding compared to vitamin K antagonists.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : German

29.

The pharmacokinetics of edoxaban for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism.

Author: EscolarGines, Diaz-RicartMaribel, Arellano-RodrigoEduardo, GalánAna M

Antithrombotic action

This article discusses the emergence of new oral anticoagulants as more convenient and effective alternatives to traditional antithrombotic strategies for managing thromboembolic diseases.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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