Side Effects of maraviroc: A Synthesis of Findings from 29 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Maraviroc is a CCR5 inhibitor used to treat HIV-1 infection, which works by inhibiting HIV from entering host cells. 20 Multiple studies have shown that maraviroc is an effective and safe treatment compared to other antiretroviral drugs. 20 Maraviroc has been shown to be effective in both newly diagnosed and treatment-experienced HIV patients. 13 Moreover, maraviroc has been shown to increase immune cells and decrease viral load in HIV-infected patients. 4 Furthermore, maraviroc can be used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs. 10

Reasons for Side Effects

Maraviroc side effects are thought to be caused by the drug binding to the CCR5 receptor. 18 The CCR5 receptor is located on the surface of immune cells and plays a role in promoting HIV entry. 18 Maraviroc inhibits HIV entry by binding to the CCR5 receptor. 18 However, the CCR5 receptor also plays other important roles, and binding of maraviroc to the CCR5 receptor may inhibit these roles. 18 This is thought to be the cause of maraviroc side effects. 18

Common Side Effects

Respiratory System

Respiratory side effects have been reported with maraviroc. 21 Specifically, bronchitis and nasopharyngitis have been reported. 21 17 16

Digestive System

Digestive side effects have been reported with maraviroc. 21 Specifically, esophageal candidiasis has been reported. 21 17

Liver

Liver effects have been reported with maraviroc. 14 Specifically, liver inflammation and abnormal liver function have been reported. 14

Other

A variety of other symptoms have been reported with maraviroc. 21 17 16 27 Specifically, muscle pain, rash, headache, dizziness, and fatigue have been reported. 21 17 16 27

Side Effect Countermeasures

Respiratory System Side Effects

If you experience respiratory side effects, it is important to consult your doctor and seek treatment if necessary. 21 17

Digestive System Side Effects

If you experience digestive side effects, it is important to consult your doctor and seek treatment if necessary. 21 17

Liver Side Effects

If you experience liver side effects, it is important to consult your doctor and seek treatment if necessary. 14

Other Side Effects

If you experience other side effects, it is important to consult your doctor and seek treatment if necessary. 21 17 16 27

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities among Studies

Multiple studies have confirmed that maraviroc is an effective drug for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. 20 13 10 4

Differences between Studies

The side effects reported for maraviroc vary between studies. 21 17 16 14 27 This is likely due to differences in the study populations and methodologies. 21 17 16 14 27

Precautions for Real-Life Application

Maraviroc is an effective drug for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, but there is a risk of side effects. 20 13 10 4 Therefore, it is important to consult your doctor and understand the risks and benefits of taking maraviroc before taking it. 20 13 10 4

Current Research Limitations

Research on maraviroc side effects is still insufficient. 18 16 Therefore, information about the long-term safety and side effects of maraviroc is limited. 18 16

Future Research Directions

Further research is needed on the long-term safety and side effects of maraviroc. 18 16 Also, development of new treatments to reduce the side effects of maraviroc is needed. 18 16

Conclusion

Maraviroc is an effective drug for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, but there is a risk of side effects. 20 13 10 4 It is important to consult your doctor and understand the risks and benefits of taking maraviroc before taking it. 20 13 10 4

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Treats neuropathic pain
1
HIV-1 inhibition
2
HIV-1 suppression
lowered side effects
reduced viral reservoirs
3
HIV treatment
4
Pain relief
5
Effective HIV treatment
Safe HIV treatment
7
HIV treatment
8
Improved viral suppression
Increased CD4 count
Well tolerated
9
Alternative HIV therapy
10
HIV-1 treatment
11
Prevention of HIV transmission
Suppression of HSV-2
12
Improved CD4 count
Long-term antiviral efficacy
No long-term safety concerns
Well tolerated
13
More efficient antiretrovirals
Safer antiretrovirals
14
Increased MVC utilization
15
HIV treatment
16
Treat HIV
17
HIV treatment
18
Drug efficacy
Drug safety
19
HIV treatment
20
Antibiotic
Antiretroviral
Cancer treatment
21
Disease progression marker
HIV infection control
Rapid patient screening
22
Antiretroviral therapy
HIV infection control
23
HIV treatment
24
Well-tolerated
25
HIV treatment improvement
Viral reservoir reduction
26
Chlamydia treatment
28
Survival
Virologic suppression
29
Risk Keywords
Side effects
1
Unknown
2
resistant strains
viral reservoirs
3
Opioid dependence
5
Endoplasmic reticulum stress
FGF21 resistance
Oxidative stress
6
Side effects
8
Gastrointestinal toxicity
Hypertransaminasemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Virological failure
9
Side effects
11
Treatment-related AEs
13
Hepatic events
Hepatotoxicity
14
Bone disease
Bronchitis
Cardiovascular disease
Esophageal candidiasis
Gastrointestinal intolerance
Glucose abnormalities
Hyperlipidemia
Lactic acidosis
Lipid abnormalities
Lipodystrophy
Liver disease
Liver toxicity
Myopathy
Nasopharyngitis
Neuropsychiatric symptoms
Rash
Renal disease
Rhabdomyolysis
17
Hepatotoxicity
Malignancy
Severe side effects
22
Hepatotoxicity
Malignancy
23
Non-completion
25
Limited therapeutic options
Virological failure
27
None mentioned
28
Toxicity
Treatment interruption
29
Literature analysis of 29 papers
Positive Content
27
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
2
Article Type
4
0
1
10
29
2.

Structure-Based Design of Tropane Derivatives as a Novel Series of CCR5 Antagonists with Broad-Spectrum Anti-HIV-1 Activities and Improved Oral Bioavailability.

Author: XieXiong, ZhengYu-Gui, ChenHuan, LiJian, LuoRong-Hua, ChenLiang, ZhengChang-Bo, ZhangShurui, PengPanfeng, MaDakota, YangLiu-Meng, ZhengYong-Tang, LiuHong, WangJiang

HIV-1 inhibition
Unknown

This study reports the design and synthesis of 21 novel tropane derivatives based on the CCR5-maraviroc complex structure. Two compounds, <b>25</b> and <b>26</b>, show potent inhibitory activity against HIV-1 strains and display improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to maraviroc, the only FDA-approved CCR5 antagonist.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Anti-HIV Activity of Standard Combined Antiretroviral Therapy in Primary Cells Is Intensified by CCR5-Targeting Drugs.

Author: WeichseldorferMatthew, AfframYvonne, HerediaAlonso, TagayaYutaka, BenedettiFrancesca, ZellaDavide, ReitzMarvin, RomerioFabio, LatinovicOlga S

HIV-1 suppression
lowered side effects
reduced viral reservoirs
resistant strains
viral reservoirs

This study investigates the potential benefit of adding CCR5-targeting drugs to standard antiretroviral therapy (cART) for HIV-1 infection. The study found that maraviroc and rapamycin significantly reduced HIV-1 replication in cell cultures. These findings suggest that combining CCR5-targeting drugs with cART could enhance viral suppression and reduce viral reservoirs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Efficacy and safety of long-term maraviroc use in a heterogeneous group of HIV-infected patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Author: WeehuizenJ M, WensingA M J, MudrikovaT, WitF W N M, HoepelmanA I M

HIV treatment

Maraviroc is a well-tolerated and effective antiretroviral agent for HIV-1 infection. In a cohort study, long-term use was associated with good immunological and virological response.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

5.

Coadministration of Chemokine Receptor Antagonists with Morphine Potentiates Morphine's Analgesic Effect on Incisional Pain in Rats.

Author: InanSaadet, EisensteinToby K, WatsonMia N, DouraMenahem, MeisslerJoseph J, TallaridaChristopher S, ChenXiaohong, GellerEllen B, RawlsScott M, CowanAlan, AdlerMartin W

Pain relief
Opioid dependence

This study investigated the effect of coadministration of chemokine receptor antagonists (CRAs) with morphine on incisional pain in rats. The results show that combining morphine with CRAs potentiates its analgesic effect, allowing for the same analgesic effect with lower doses of morphine. This could potentially reduce side effects and prevent tolerance and dependence development.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

6.

Reciprocal Effects of Antiretroviral Drugs Used To Treat HIV Infection on the Fibroblast Growth Factor 21/β-Klotho System.

Author: MoureRicardo, DomingoPere, VillarroyaJoan, GasaLaura, Gallego-EscuredoJosé M, Quesada-LópezTania, Morón-RosSamantha, MarotoAlberto F, MateoGracia M, DomingoJoan C, VillarroyaFrancesc, GiraltMarta

Endoplasmic reticulum stress
FGF21 resistance
Oxidative stress

Certain antiretroviral medications can affect FGF21 and KLB levels, which could lead to complications for HIV-infected patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Week 96 results of the randomized, multicentre Maraviroc Switch (MARCH) study.

Author: PettS L, AminJ, HorbanA, Andrade-VillanuevaJ, LossoM, PorteiroN, MaderoJ S, BellosoW, TuE, SilkD, KelleherA, HarriganR, ClarkA, SugiuraW, WolffM, GillJ, GatellJ, ClarkeA, RuxrungthamK, PrazuckT, KaiserR, WoolleyI, Alberto ArnaizJ, CooperD, RockstrohJ K, MallonP, EmeryS,

Effective HIV treatment
Safe HIV treatment

The Maraviroc Switch (MARCH) study week 48 data demonstrated the safety and efficacy of maraviroc, a CCR5 inhibitor, as a switch for ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitor in patients with R5-tropic HIV. This study provides evidence for the durability of this finding.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

8.

CCR5 receptor antagonists in preclinical to phase II clinical development for treatment of HIV.

Author: KimMichelle B, GieslerKyle E, TahirovicYesim A, TruaxValarie M, LiottaDennis C, WilsonLawrence J

HIV treatment
Side effects

CCR5 is a chemokine receptor that has become a target for treating HIV infection due to the success of Maraviroc. This review discusses the development of 'next generation' CCR5 antagonists, highlighting the most advanced candidate, Cenicriviroc, a dual CCR5/CCR2 antagonist currently in Phase II clinical studies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Short Communication: Maraviroc Once-Daily: Experience in Routine Clinical Practice.

Author: SaumoyMaria, LlibreJosep M, TerrónAlberto, KnobelHernando, ArribasJosé Ramón, DomingoPere, Arroyo-ManzanoDavid, RiveroAntonio, MorenoSantiago, PodzamczerDaniel

Improved viral suppression
Increased CD4 count
Well tolerated
Gastrointestinal toxicity
Hypertransaminasemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Virological failure

Maraviroc (MVC) administered once-daily in routine clinical practice was virologically effective and well tolerated in a high percentage of pretreated patients with HIV infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

10.

Maraviroc, as a Switch Option, in HIV-1-infected Individuals With Stable, Well-controlled HIV Replication and R5-tropic Virus on Their First Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Plus Ritonavir-boosted Protease Inhibitor Regimen: Week 48 Results of the Randomized, Multicenter MARCH Study.

Author: PettSarah Lilian, AminJanaki, HorbanAndrejz, Andrade-VillanuevaJaime, LossoMarcelo, PorteiroNorma, Sierra MaderoJuan, BellosoWaldo, TuElise, SilkDavid, KelleherAnthony, HarriganRichard, ClarkAndrew, SugiuraWataru, WolffMarcelo, GillJohn, GatellJose, FisherMartin, ClarkeAmanda, RuxrungthamKiat, PrazuckThierry, KaiserRolf, WoolleyIan, ArnaizJuan Alberto, CooperDavid, RockstrohJürgen K, MallonPatrick, EmerySean,

Alternative HIV therapy

This study explores the potential of maraviroc, a chemokine receptor 5 antagonist, as an alternative component of antiretroviral therapy for virologically suppressed HIV-infected patients experiencing side effects or at risk of comorbidities from current therapies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

11.

Clinical outcome of maraviroc-containing therapy in heavily pre-treated HIV-1-infected patients.

Author: van LelyveldS F L, SymonsJ, van HamP, ConnellB J, NijhuisM, WensingA M J, HoepelmanA I M

HIV-1 treatment
Side effects

This cohort study analyzed the clinical outcomes of HIV-1-infected patients treated with maraviroc (MVC). Treatment with MVC was well tolerated and resulted in good immunological and virological responses. The predictive values of different tropism assays were comparably high.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Polyanionic carbosilane dendrimer-conjugated antiviral drugs as efficient microbicides: Recent trends and developments in HIV treatment/therapy.

Author: Sepúlveda-CrespoDaniel, GómezRafael, De La MataFrancisco Javier, JiménezJosé Luis, Muñoz-FernándezM Ángeles

Prevention of HIV transmission
Suppression of HSV-2

This study discusses the potential of polyanionic carbosilane dendrimers (PCDs) as microbicides for the prevention of HIV transmission. The study reviews and discusses the combination of various PCDs with tenofovir (TFV) and/or maraviroc (MRV) for their anti-HIV-1 activity and synergistic combinatory potential.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

13.

Efficacy and safety of maraviroc vs. efavirenz in treatment-naive patients with HIV-1: 5-year findings.

Author: CooperDavid A, HeeraJayvant, IvePrudence, BotesMariette, DejesusEdwin, BurnsideRobert, ClumeckNathan, WalmsleySharon, LazzarinAdriano, MukwayaGeoffrey, SaagMichael, van Der RystElna

Improved CD4 count
Long-term antiviral efficacy
No long-term safety concerns
Well tolerated
Treatment-related AEs

Maraviroc maintained similar long-term antiviral efficacy to efavirenz over 5 years in treatment-naive patients with CCR5-tropic HIV-1. Maraviroc was generally well tolerated with no unexpected safety findings or evidence of long-term safety concerns.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Hepatoxicity of new antiretrovirals: a systematic review.

Author: SurgersLaure, LacombeKarine

More efficient antiretrovirals
Safer antiretrovirals
Hepatic events
Hepatotoxicity

The management of HIV has shifted towards earlier initiation of antiretroviral therapy, leading to lifelong drug exposure and concerns about long-term safety. Recent advances have introduced newer, safer, and more effective drugs. While initial antiretrovirals were associated with hepatotoxicity, newer drugs show reassuring liver tolerance in phase II/III trials. However, long-term data are needed, as case reports suggest rare but potentially life-threatening hepatic events in patients with co-infections or taking other hepatotoxic drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

15.

Maraviroc observational study: the impact of expanded resistance testing and clinical considerations for antiretroviral regimen selection in treatment-experienced patients.

Author: WilligJames H, WilkinsSara-Anne, TamhaneAshutosh, NevinChrista R, MugaveroMichael J, RaperJames L, NapolitanoLaura A, SaagMichael S

Increased MVC utilization

This study investigated the impact of free tropism testing on maraviroc (MVC) utilization in HIV-positive patients. Routine tropism testing led to a statistically significant increase in MVC use, but additional barriers to MVC utilization remain.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Recent progress in small molecule CCR5 antagonists as potential HIV-1 entry inhibitors.

Author: ChenWenwen, ZhanPeng, De ClercqErik, LiuXinyong

HIV treatment

Small molecule CCR5 antagonists, such as maraviroc, are emerging as promising anti-HIV agents due to their low cytotoxicity and mild side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

18.

Small molecule HIV entry inhibitors: Part I. Chemokine receptor antagonists: 2004 - 2010.

Author: SinghInder Pal, ChautheSiddheshwar K

HIV treatment

Maraviroc, a CCR5 antagonist, is a promising new antiretroviral agent for the treatment of HIV/AIDS. It offers a new approach to treating the disease, with potentially fewer side effects and enhanced anti-HIV activity.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

19.

Pharmacogenetic testing and therapeutic drug monitoring are complementary tools for optimal individualization of drug therapy.

Author: GervasiniGuillermo, BenítezJulio, CarrilloJuan Antonio

Drug efficacy
Drug safety

This review discusses the challenges and limitations of translating pharmacogenetic findings into clinical practice. While pharmacogenetic research has made significant progress, its application remains limited due to complex factors such as multigenic drug responses, the interplay between genetics and environment, and various barriers to implementation. The authors highlight the potential role of therapeutic drug monitoring as an alternative or complementary approach to personalized drug therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

20.

CCR5 antagonists: host-targeted antiviral agents for the treatment of HIV infection, 4 years on.

Author: WestbyMike, van der RystElna

HIV treatment

Maraviroc is a CCR5 antagonist that is effective against HIV. This review summarizes the clinical and virological data on maraviroc and other CCR5 antagonists.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

21.

New drugs08, part 2.

Author: HussarDaniel A

Antibiotic
Antiretroviral
Cancer treatment

This article summarizes eight new drugs, including doripenem (antibiotic), maraviroc (antiretroviral), and ixabepilone (cancer drug), and provides information on their uses, indications, and potential side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

22.

Genotypic coreceptor analysis.

Author: SierraS, KaiserR, ThielenA, LengauerT

Disease progression marker
HIV infection control
Rapid patient screening
Hepatotoxicity
Malignancy
Severe side effects

CCR5 blockers are a new class of antiretroviral drugs that block the CCR5 coreceptor, which is used by certain HIV strains. They can be used in clinical practice after determining the coreceptor usage of the virus. Genotypic systems can predict coreceptor usage, potentially enabling rapid screening for patients who could benefit from CCR5 blockers like Maraviroc.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

23.

CCR5 antagonists: comparison of efficacy, side effects, pharmacokinetics and interactions--review of the literature.

Author: EmmelkampJ M, RockstrohJ K

Antiretroviral therapy
HIV infection control
Hepatotoxicity
Malignancy

CCR5 antagonists, like Maraviroc and Vicriviroc, block the interaction of HIV with the CCR5 chemokine receptor, inhibiting fusion with host cells. They have shown promising antiviral activity and are entering clinical practice.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

24.

Maraviroc: the evidence for its potential in the management of HIV.

Author: ProfitLouise

HIV treatment

CCR5 antagonists are a new class of antiretroviral agents that prevent HIV from entering host cells. Maraviroc is the first CCR5 antagonist to be developed and is currently in clinical use.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

25.

A randomized clinical trial comparing ritonavir-boosted lopinavir versus maraviroc each with tenofovir plus emtricitabine for post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV infection.

Author: LealLorna, LeónAgathe, TorresBerta, InciarteAlexy, LuceroConstanza, MallolasJosep, LagunoMontserrat, Martínez-RebollarMaría, González-CordónAna, ManzardoChristian, RojasJhon, PichJudit, ArnaizJoan A, GatellJosep M, GarcíaFelipe,

Well-tolerated
Non-completion

Maraviroc is a well-tolerated antiretroviral that can be used for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in individuals with potential sexual exposure to HIV. PEP non-completion and adverse events were both significantly higher in patients allocated to ritonavir-boosted lopinavir.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

26.

Suppression of Active HIV-1 Infection in CD34<sup>+</sup> Hematopoietic Humanized NSG Mice by a Combination of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy and CCR5 Targeting Drugs.

Author: LatinovicOlga S, NealLauren M, TagayaYutaka, HerediaAlonso, Medina-MorenoSandra, ZapataJuan C, ReitzMarvin, BryantJoseph, RedfieldRobert R

HIV treatment improvement
Viral reservoir reduction

This study explored the effectiveness of combining combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) with CCR5 targeting drugs in human CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell-engrafted NOD-SCID-il2rg-/- (NSG) mice. The results suggest that this combination therapy may improve control of viremia and reduce viral reservoirs in HIV-infected individuals.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

27.

Clinical impact of tropism testing in a real-life cohort of HIV infected patients: a retrospective observational study.

Author: DeconinckLaurène, RobineauOlivier, ValetteMichel, ChoisyPhilippe, BocketLaurence, MeybeckAgnes, AjanaFaiza

Limited therapeutic options
Virological failure

Tropism test prescription should be restricted to patients with virological failure and limited therapeutic options such as patients already treated with a wide range of ART regimens.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.

Language : English

28.

Water Filtered Infrared A and Visible Light (wIRA/VIS) Irradiation Reduces <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> Infectivity Independent of Targeted Cytokine Inhibition.

Author: KuratliJasmin, PeschTheresa, MartiHanna, LeonardCory Ann, BlennChristian, TorgersonPaul, BorelNicole

Chlamydia treatment
None mentioned

This study investigated the anti-chlamydial effect of water filtered infrared A alone (wIRA) or in combination with visible light (wIRA/VIS) and its relationship with host cell cytokines.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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