Effective treatment of cholesterol: A Synthesis of Findings from 76 Studies

  1. Home
  2. Effective treatment of cholesterol
This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician.Data sources and disclaimers (data limitations, copyright, etc.)The analysis on "Effective treatment of cholesterol: A Synthesis of Findings from 76 Studies" on this page is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). However, NLM does not endorse or verify these analyses.

This analysis is based on research papers included in PubMed, but medical research is constantly evolving and may not fully reflect the latest findings. There may also be biases towards certain research areas.

This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician. If you have concerns about "Effective treatment of cholesterol: A Synthesis of Findings from 76 Studies", please consult your doctor.

For NLM copyright information, please see Link to NLM Copyright Page
PubMed data is obtained via Hugging Face Datasets: Link to DatasetPlease check the disclaimer.
This page's analysis is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Lowering cholesterol levels is widely recognized as an effective way to reduce the risk of heart disease. However, research continues to explore the mechanisms by which cholesterol-lowering treatments work and the associated risks. 66 highlights the current state of cholesterol-lowering medication guidelines and the need for quantitative evaluation considering both LDL cholesterol levels and cardiovascular disease risk. 8 demonstrates the effectiveness of simvastatin (a statin drug) in hypertensive patients, suggesting the potential of cholesterol reduction in preventing heart disease. 54 examines the relationship between cholesterol-lowering treatments and stroke risk through a meta-analysis, indicating the potential for cholesterol reduction to lower stroke risk. 51 investigates whether cholesterol-lowering treatment after stroke is effective in preventing recurrence, suggesting that cholesterol reduction may help control stroke recurrence risk. 26 examines the relationship between blood lipid levels after stroke and recurrence, suggesting that cholesterol-lowering treatment may help prevent stroke recurrence. 42 investigates the effectiveness of niacin in raising HDL cholesterol in addition to statin therapy, indicating the potential for effective treatment strategies by further lowering LDL cholesterol. 67 explores the effectiveness of motivational interviewing in supporting LDL cholesterol target achievement and treatment adherence in patients with acute coronary syndrome. 61 examines the clinical effects of anacetrapib (a CETP inhibitor) in patients with established vascular disease, suggesting the effectiveness of treatment strategies that lower LDL cholesterol. 33 compares the effects of cholesterol-lowering foods and lovastatin, demonstrating the effectiveness of combining dietary and drug therapy for cholesterol reduction. 64 highlights the importance of LDL cholesterol targets and the potential to achieve them by combining various treatments. 49 examines the relationship between LDL cholesterol reduction through statin therapy and reduced cardiovascular risk through meta-analysis, confirming that LDL cholesterol reduction lowers cardiovascular risk. 11 compares the effects of colestipol and clofibrate, two cholesterol-lowering medications, introducing multiple effective treatments for lowering cholesterol. 56 compares the effects of ezetimibe/simvastatin and simvastatin in coronary heart disease patients, demonstrating the effectiveness of combination therapy to achieve LDL cholesterol targets. 9 examines the relationship between cholestyramine dosage and LDL cholesterol reduction, emphasizing the importance of finding the right dosage for cholesterol reduction. 18 explores the role of physicians in managing hypercholesterolemia and the importance of cost-effective treatments. 38 compares the effects of plant sterols/stanols and policosanol, demonstrating the effectiveness of natural remedies for cholesterol reduction. 72 argues for the necessity of combining treatments beyond statins to achieve LDL cholesterol targets. 20 examines the effects of low-density lipoprotein apheresis (plasma exchange therapy) in hypercholesterolemic patients, suggesting LDL apheresis as a treatment option when drug therapy is ineffective. 23 examines the effects of lovastatin in people without coronary heart disease, suggesting the potential for cholesterol reduction to prevent heart disease. 1 indicates that cholesterol reduction may lower heart disease mortality but suggests the potential for increased cancer and trauma mortality. explores the effectiveness of cholesterol-lowering therapy and the risks associated with widespread treatment. 22 examines the effects of gemfibrozil (a fibrate drug) in patients after coronary bypass surgery, indicating the effectiveness of treatment strategies that increase HDL cholesterol. 5 considers the possibility that cholesterol reduction may lower heart disease mortality while increasing mortality from other causes. 74 examines the relationship between rosuvastatin and atorvastatin's cholesterol-lowering effects and vitamin D levels. 70 investigates the LDL cholesterol-lowering effects of bempedoic acid (a cholesterol synthesis inhibitor) in high-risk patients. 2 examines the effectiveness and tolerability of pravastatin, considering the long-term use of statin drugs. 41 compares the effects of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin, considering the appropriate selection of medications to achieve LDL cholesterol targets. 76 suggests that combining various treatments can effectively lower LDL cholesterol. 24 examines the effects of vitamin E and statins, considering the interactions of various factors in cholesterol metabolism. 32 examines cholesterol control and statin use in hypertensive patients, assessing whether patients are receiving the recommended treatment. 29 examines the relationship between cholesterol reduction through statin therapy and blood sterol levels. 35 examines the short-term effects of simvastatin, considering the early impact of cholesterol reduction on the coronary endothelium. 25 examines coronary risk and treatment in primary care patients with hypercholesterolemia. 58 examines the long-term safety and adherence of statin therapy in children with familial hypercholesterolemia. 34 examines the relationship between cholesterol reduction and behavioral changes. 14 considers the possibility that cholesterol reduction may lower heart disease mortality while increasing mortality from other causes. 63 examines the effects of anacetrapib in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease.

Treatment Summary

Cholesterol-lowering treatments include various types such as statin drugs, fibrate drugs, bile acid sequestrants like cholestyramine, niacin, ezetimibe, anacetrapib, LDL apheresis, plant sterols/stanols, and policosanol. 8 , 51 , 42 , 67 , 61 , 33 , 64 , 11 , 56 , 9 , 18 , 38 , 72 , 20 , 23 , 2 , 41 , 76 , 24 , 32 , 29 , 58 These treatments work through different mechanisms, such as lowering LDL cholesterol, increasing HDL cholesterol, or inhibiting cholesterol absorption. 66 , 49 These treatments may be used alone or in combination. 51 , 42 , 56 , 72 , 76 When selecting a treatment, it is necessary to consider the patient's risk factors, medical history, and presence of other diseases. 66

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Cholesterol-lowering treatments can reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. 8 , 54 , 51 , 26 , 23 , 1 , , 5 Especially for people with a history of heart disease or those with risk factors for heart disease, cholesterol-lowering treatment is crucial. 51 , 42 Cholesterol-lowering treatment may also lead to reduced mortality. 1 , 5

Risk Summary

Cholesterol-lowering treatments can also pose side effects. 8 Statin drugs may cause side effects such as muscle pain and liver dysfunction. 8 , 1 , , 5 , 74 Cholesterol-lowering treatment has also been suggested to increase cancer and trauma mortality. 1 , , 5 However, these side effects do not occur in all individuals. 8 It's important to weigh the risks and benefits of cholesterol-lowering treatment before making a decision, and consult with a doctor. 66

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities in Studies

Numerous studies demonstrate the effectiveness of cholesterol-lowering treatments in reducing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. 8 , 54 , 51 , 26 , 23 Cholesterol-lowering treatments may also contribute to reduced heart disease mortality. 1 , 5 These studies suggest that cholesterol-lowering treatment is an effective means of preventing cardiovascular diseases. 66

Differences in Studies

Research findings regarding the effectiveness and risks of cholesterol-lowering treatment vary. 1 , , 5 Some studies indicate the potential for cholesterol-lowering treatment to increase cancer and trauma mortality, but consistent results haven't been found across all studies. 1 , , 5 Additionally, the effects and risks of cholesterol-lowering treatment may vary based on factors such as patient age, gender, medical history, and presence of other diseases. 51 , 42 It is crucial to select the appropriate treatment for each individual patient. 66

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Cholesterol-lowering treatment research is conducted from various perspectives, resulting in both consistency and contradictions in findings. 66 A consistent finding is that cholesterol reduction effectively lowers cardiovascular disease risk. 8 , 54 , 51 , 26 , 23 , 1 , , 5 However, research findings regarding the potential impact of cholesterol reduction on mortality from other causes vary. 1 , , 5 Furthermore, not all studies provide consistent results regarding the side effects of cholesterol-lowering treatment. 8 , 1 , , 5 , 74 It is crucial to carefully consider the risks and benefits of cholesterol-lowering treatment and choose the appropriate treatment for each individual patient. 66

Things to Keep in Mind When Applying the Findings to Real Life

Cholesterol-lowering treatment is an effective means of reducing cardiovascular disease risk, but there are certain points to keep in mind when applying these findings to real life. 66 First, cholesterol-lowering treatment should be administered under the guidance of a doctor. 66 Cholesterol-lowering treatment is not suitable for everyone. 66 It is essential to discuss the decision to undergo treatment with a doctor, considering the patient's risk factors, medical history, and presence of other diseases. 66 Cholesterol-lowering treatment involves not only drug therapy but also dietary and exercise therapy, which play crucial roles. 33 Improving diet and engaging in moderate exercise can help lower cholesterol levels. 33 Regular cholesterol checks are important. 66 If cholesterol levels do not reach the target, treatment methods may need to be revised. 66 Cholesterol-lowering treatment is a significant aspect of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 66

Current Research Limitations

Cholesterol-lowering treatment research still faces many challenges. 66 For example, further research is needed regarding the potential impact of cholesterol-lowering treatment on cancer and trauma mortality. 1 , , 5 Furthermore, as the effects and risks of cholesterol-lowering treatment may vary among patients, it is crucial to develop treatments tailored to individual patients. 66

Future Research Directions

Cholesterol-lowering treatment research needs to continue. 66 In particular, research evaluating the long-term effects and risks of cholesterol-lowering treatment is necessary. 66 It is also crucial to conduct research categorizing the effects and risks of cholesterol-lowering treatment based on factors such as patient age, gender, medical history, and presence of other diseases. 66 Cholesterol-lowering treatment involves selecting the appropriate treatment for each individual patient. 66

Conclusion

Cholesterol-lowering treatment is an effective means of reducing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular diseases. 8 , 54 , 51 , 26 , 23 However, cholesterol-lowering treatment can also cause side effects. 8 It is crucial to weigh the risks and benefits of cholesterol-lowering treatment and discuss the decision to undergo treatment with a doctor. 66 Cholesterol-lowering treatment is a significant aspect of maintaining a healthy lifestyle. 66

Treatment List

Simvastatin, Lovastatin, Pravastatin, Atorvastatin, Colestipol, Clofibrate, Gemfibrozil, Niacin, Ezetimibe, Anacetrapib, Bempedoic acid, LDL apheresis, Plant sterols/stanols, Policosanol

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
CHD risk reduction
1
High cholesterol treatment
2
Reduced morbidity
Reduced mortality from coronary heart disease
3
Hypercholesterolemia treatment
4
Cholesterol lowering
5
Favorable regression of atherosclerosis
Prevents appearance and worsening of lesions
Reduced coronary events
Retards atherosclerosis progression
6
Improved lipid levels
7
Cholesterol reduction
Improved lipoprotein profile
8
HDL cholesterol increase
LDL cholesterol reduction
Triglyceride reduction
9
Improved HDL
Lower cholesterol
Lowered LDL
Reduced triglycerides
10
Lowered cholesterol
11
Lowered cholesterol
12
Reduced CHD incidence
14
Reduced CHD risk
15
Hypercholesterolemia treatment
16
Cost-effective cholesterol management
18
Increase HDL
Lower cholesterol
Lower triglycerides
19
Prevention of aortotibial stenosis progression
Reduced carotid intima-media thickness
20
Lowers LDL
Lowers remnant cholesterol
Raises HDL
21
Prevents graft lesions
Retarded atherosclerosis
22
Improved understanding of cholesterol-reducing treatment
23
Reduced coronary risk
25
Reduced stroke risk
26
Improved endothelial function
27
Prevention of myocardial infarction
28
Cholesterol reduction
29
Hypercholesterolemia treatment
30
Cholesterol reduction
31
Low-fat diet for cholesterol
33
Cholesterol reduction
34
Hypercholesterolemia treatment
35
CVD prevention
36
Reduced cardiovascular morbidity
Reduced cardiovascular mortality
Restored peripheral and coronary vasodilation
37
LDL reduction
Lipid profile improvement
Tolerability
38
Ezetimibe/simvastatin
39
Increased lipid modifying therapy prescription rate
40
HDL-C increase
LDL-C reduction
Safety
41
Coronary heart disease prevention
42
LDL cholesterol reduction
43
Lipid lowering
46
Reduced C-reactive protein
Reduced LDL cholesterol
Reduced triglycerides
47
Improved diabetes treatment
48
Reduced cardiovascular risk
49
Stroke prevention
Stroke treatment
50
CHD prevention
Stroke prevention
51
Lipid profile improvement
52
Reduces stroke risk
Reduces total cholesterol
54
Hypercholesterolemia treatment
56
Improved cholesterol control
57
Good adherence
Good tolerability
58
ASCVD prevention
59
Reduced apheresis frequency
60
Hypercholesterolemia treatment
62
HDL cholesterol increase
LDL cholesterol reduction
63
Dyslipidaemia treatment
64
Reduced vascular events
65
Cholesterol-lowering medication
LDL cholesterol targets
66
LDL-C reduction
67
Cardiovascular event reduction
Lower LDL cholesterol
68
Reduced stroke risk
69
Bempedoic acid
LDL-C reduction
70
Cardiovascular disease prevention
71
Cardiovascular risk reduction
72
Cardiovascular disease prevention
73
Reduced LDL-C
74
Hypercholesterolemia treatment
75
Cardiovascular event reduction
76
Risk Keywords
Cancer risk increase
1
Increased cancer
Increased violent deaths
3
Non-coronary death risk
5
Side effects
Treatment termination
8
Increased cancer deaths
Increased trauma deaths
14
HDL cholesterol reduction
16
Limited access to extenders
18
Side effects
19
Potential links between cholesterol reduction
cancer and aggressive or violent behaviour
28
Plant sterol increase
29
Muscular symptoms
30
Poor cholesterol control
32
Depression improvement
Impulsivity increase
34
Diabetes mellitus
48
None reported
49
None mentioned
54
Mild side effects
58
Unknown
60
Cardiovascular events risk
63
Effect unclear in children
68
Cardiovascular disease
70
Reduced 25OHD
74
Literature analysis of 76 papers
Positive Content
69
Neutral Content
6
Negative Content
1
Article Type
54
20
9
16
76
1.

Lowering cholesterol: effects on trauma death, cancer death and total mortality.

Author: MacMahonS

CHD risk reduction
Cancer risk increase

A review of 26 studies involving 50,000 patients found that cholesterol reduction (about 10%) significantly reduced the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) after just a few years of treatment. The reduction in CHD-related deaths was half the reduction in non-fatal heart attacks, but both were statistically significant. The overall reduction in total mortality fell within the expected range based on the reduction in CHD deaths. While there was a slight increase in cancer and trauma deaths among patients receiving cholesterol-lowering treatment, these increases were not statistically significant and were likely due to chance.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

[Changes in lipid status during pravastatin treatment].

Author: CraveriA, ColomboL, CitellaC, PedrazziniL, AltomareS, GiavardiL, PicolloS, VignatiA, LanfrediniM

High cholesterol treatment

Statins, specific inhibitors of HMG-CoA-reductase, are effective in lowering cholesterol levels. A study investigated the efficacy and tolerability of pravastatin compared to gemfibrozil for long-term use in patients with high cholesterol levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Italian

3.

Lipid intervention trials in primary prevention: a critical review.

Author: KaplanN M

Reduced morbidity
Reduced mortality from coronary heart disease
Increased cancer
Increased violent deaths

Six randomized trials demonstrated a significant reduction in coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality, but not overall mortality due to increased cancer and violent deaths in the treated group. These adverse effects may not be directly related to cholesterol reduction but cannot be disregarded. Caution is advised in advocating widespread treatment for even mild hypercholesterolemia due to limited benefits and high costs.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

4.

Comparison between lovastatin and cholestyramine in the treatment of moderate to severe primary hypercholesterolaemia.

Author: EbelingT, TurtolaH, VoutilainenE, UusitupaM, PyöräläK, ReijonenT

Hypercholesterolemia treatment

Lovastatin (80 mg) was more effective than cholestyramine (24 g) in lowering cholesterol levels in 120 patients with hypercholesterolemia. Lovastatin also reduced triglyceride levels, while cholestyramine increased HDL cholesterol.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Cholesterol, primary and secondary prevention, and all-cause mortality.

Author: CriquiM H

Cholesterol lowering
Non-coronary death risk

Cholesterol-lowering treatment reduces coronary events, but primary prevention trials have not shown a consistent benefit on overall mortality due to a high number of non-coronary deaths in treatment groups. Secondary prevention trials, however, show clear benefits in reducing coronary heart disease deaths. Further research is needed to explore the potential link between cholesterol lowering and non-coronary deaths.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

6.

Regression of coronary atherosclerosis: an achievable goal? Review of results from recent clinical trials.

Author: WatersD, LespéranceJ

Favorable regression of atherosclerosis
Prevents appearance and worsening of lesions
Reduced coronary events
Retards atherosclerosis progression

Large-scale studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of treating hyperlipidemia in reducing coronary events and slowing or reversing atherosclerosis. The beneficial effects appear to be proportional to the degree of lipid lowering.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

7.

[Drug treatment of hyperlipidemia].

Author: NosedaG

Improved lipid levels

This guideline recommends that high cholesterol levels be treated first with diet. If cholesterol levels remain high after 3-6 months of diet changes, medication should be considered for patients with heart disease or high risk factors, including those with cholesterol levels above 7.8 mmol/L, a positive family history of heart disease, or young men. Most cholesterol medications can lower cholesterol by 10-30%. Combination therapies can be used if single medications are not effective.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : German

8.

Simvastatin in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia in patients with essential hypertension.

Author: MorganT, AndersonA, McDonaldP, HopperJ, MacaskillG

Cholesterol reduction
Improved lipoprotein profile
Side effects
Treatment termination

This study investigated the effectiveness of simvastatin in lowering cholesterol in 49 patients with high cholesterol who were already taking blood pressure medications. While diet alone had a small effect, simvastatin significantly reduced total cholesterol (6.85 to 4.75 mmol/L), triglycerides (2.7 to 2.1 mmol/L), and LDL cholesterol (4.6 to 2.6 mmol/L), while raising HDL cholesterol (1.09 to 1.18 mmol/L). Simvastatin was well-tolerated and had a similar side effect profile to placebo. This study suggests that simvastatin is an effective and safe treatment for lowering cholesterol in patients with high cholesterol who are also taking blood pressure medications.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Diverging effects of cholestyramine on apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein Lp(a). A dose-response study of the effects of cholestyramine in hypercholesterolaemia.

Author: VessbyB, KostnerG, LithellH, ThomisJ

HDL cholesterol increase
LDL cholesterol reduction
Triglyceride reduction

A study of 19 patients with high cholesterol levels found that increasing doses of cholestyramine led to greater reductions in LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. While increasing the dose from 8 grams to 16 grams produced a modest additional benefit, the study suggests that increasing the dose beyond 8 grams may not offer significant additional benefits. The study also found that cholestyramine reduced apolipoprotein B levels but increased HDL cholesterol levels, suggesting a potential benefit for improving lipid profiles. These findings highlight the potential for cholestyramine to effectively manage high cholesterol levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

10.

Combined therapy of niacin, colestipol, and fat-controlled diet in men with coronary bypass. Effect on blood lipids and apolipoproteins.

Author: NessimS A, ChinH P, AlaupovicP, BlankenhornD H

Improved HDL
Lower cholesterol
Lowered LDL
Reduced triglycerides

A study of 14 men with previous coronary artery bypass surgery showed that a combination of colestipol, niacin, and diet significantly reduced total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol while increasing HDL cholesterol after one year. The drug combination also significantly reduced apolipoprotein B and C-III compared to control.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

11.

Effects of colestipol, clofibrate, and placebo on plasma lipoproteins of patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Author: CrouseJ R, GrundyS M

Lowered cholesterol

Colestipol and clofibrate were both effective in lowering cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia and normal triglyceride levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

12.

Cholesterol absorption and synthesis during pravastatin, gemfibrozil and their combination.

Author: VanhanenH T, MiettinenT A

Lowered cholesterol

Pravastatin (P) and gemfibrozil (G) showed different mechanisms for lowering cholesterol levels. P primarily inhibited cholesterol synthesis, while G reduced cholesterol absorption. Combining P and G provided similar LDL cholesterol reduction as P alone, but significantly reduced triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

13.

Effects of lipid lowering by pravastatin on progression and regression of coronary artery disease in symptomatic men with normal to moderately elevated serum cholesterol levels. The Regression Growth Evaluation Statin Study (REGRESS).

Author: JukemaJ W, BruschkeA V, van BovenA J, ReiberJ H, BalE T, ZwindermanA H, JansenH, BoermaG J, van RappardF M, LieK I

This report describes the REGRESS (Regression Growth Evaluation Statin Study), which is designed to evaluate the potential benefit of serum cholesterol reduction in patients with coronary atherosclerosis and normal to moderately elevated serum cholesterol levels undergoing various forms of treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Cholesterol reduction and death from non-coronary causes: evidence from randomised controlled trials.

Author: MacMahonS

Reduced CHD incidence
Increased cancer deaths
Increased trauma deaths

A review of 26 studies on cholesterol reduction showed a significant reduction in the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) and a small, non-significant increase in deaths from cancer and trauma.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

The efficacy of intensive dietary therapy alone or combined with lovastatin in outpatients with hypercholesterolemia.

Author: HunninghakeD B, SteinE A, DujovneC A, HarrisW S, FeldmanE B, MillerV T, TobertJ A, LaskarzewskiP M, QuiterE, HeldJ

Hypercholesterolemia treatment
HDL cholesterol reduction

The effects of the low-fat-low-cholesterol diet and lovastatin on lipoprotein levels were independent and additive. However, the reduction in LDL cholesterol produced by the diet was small, and its benefit was possibly offset by the accompanying reduction in the level of HDL cholesterol.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

17.

Cholesterol-reduction intervention study (CRIS): a randomized trial to assess effectiveness and costs in clinical practice.

Author: OsterG, BorokG M, MenzinJ, HeyseJ F, EpsteinR S, QuinnV, BensonV, DudlR J, EpsteinA M

This study investigates the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a "stepped care" approach (starting with niacin or bile acid sequestrants and adding other medications as needed) compared to initiating treatment with lovastatin for lowering LDL-C levels in patients with high cholesterol.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Physician extenders for cost-effective management of hypercholesterolemia.

Author: SchectmanG, WolffN, ByrdJ C, HiattJ G, HartzA

Cost-effective cholesterol management
Limited access to extenders

This study compared the cost-effectiveness of conventional care for elevated cholesterol levels with a program that utilized physician extenders to emphasize diet modification and inexpensive medications.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

19.

[Multicenter comparative study on safety, tolerance, and effectiveness of lovastatin combined or not with cholestyramine, and gemfibrozil combined or not with cholestyramine in the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia].

Author: JoverE, ArandaJ L, NoguésX, del PalacioA, Rubiés-PratJ

Increase HDL
Lower cholesterol
Lower triglycerides
Side effects

Lovastatin was more effective than gemfibrozil in lowering total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Spanish

20.

Effect of apheresis of low-density lipoprotein on peripheral vascular disease in hypercholesterolemic patients with coronary artery disease.

Author: KroonA A, van AstenW N, StalenhoefA F

Prevention of aortotibial stenosis progression
Reduced carotid intima-media thickness

Aggressive lipid lowering with simvastatin and LDL apheresis decreased the intima-media thickness of the carotid artery and prevented an increase in the number of hemodynamically significant stenoses in the lower limbs. Simvastatin alone did not prevent progression of carotid or aortotibial vascular disease.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Comparison of pravastatin with crystalline nicotinic acid monotherapy in treatment of combined hyperlipidemia.

Author: MostazaJ M, SchulzI, VegaG L, GrundyS M

Lowers LDL
Lowers remnant cholesterol
Raises HDL

Pravastatin effectively lowers low-density lipoprotein in combined hyperlipidemia, while nicotinic acid lowers remnant cholesterol and raises high-density lipoprotein. Combining these two drugs may be the best approach for treating lipoprotein abnormalities in combined hyperlipidemia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

22.

Prevention of the angiographic progression of coronary and vein-graft atherosclerosis by gemfibrozil after coronary bypass surgery in men with low levels of HDL cholesterol. Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial (LOCAT) Study Group.

Author: FrickM H, SyvänneM, NieminenM S, KaumaH, MajahalmeS, VirtanenV, KesäniemiY A, PasternackA, TaskinenM R

Prevents graft lesions
Retarded atherosclerosis

Gemfibrozil therapy retarded the progression of coronary atherosclerosis and the formation of bypass-graft lesions in post-coronary bypass men with low HDL cholesterol.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study.

Author: DownsJ R, ClearfieldM, WeisS, WhitneyE, ShapiroD R, BeereP A, LangendorferA, SteinE A, KruyerW, GottoA M

Improved understanding of cholesterol-reducing treatment

While lowering cholesterol has been proven to reduce heart disease risk in those already diagnosed, it's unclear whether the same benefits apply to people with average cholesterol levels, women, and older individuals.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Effects of vitamin E and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition on cholesteryl ester transfer protein and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in hypercholesterolemia.

Author: NapoliC, LecceseM, PalumboG, de NigrisF, ChiarielloP, ZulianiP, SommaP, Di LoretoM, De MatteisC, CacciatoreF, AbeteP, LiguoriA, ChiarielloM, D'ArmientoF P

The study explores the effect of statins and antioxidants on the enzymes lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), which are crucial for cholesterol metabolism. While LCAT activity seems unaffected by simvastatin, the impact of statins on CETP activity remains unclear. Antioxidants are proposed as a potential treatment for atherosclerosis, as LDL oxidation is a key factor in its development.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

25.

[Coronary risk and prescription in primary care patients with hypercholesterolemia].

Author: Bonné MorenoM V, González LöwenbergO, Charques VelascoE, Alonso MartínezM M

Reduced coronary risk

In patients with hypercholesterolemia, 32.5% had a high coronary risk (>20%). Treatment with lipid-lowering drugs was more likely in patients with high risk, and after one year, there was a 28.7% reduction in those with high coronary risk.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Spanish

26.

Interventions in the management of serum lipids for preventing stroke recurrence.

Author: ManktelowB, GilliesC, PotterJ F

Reduced stroke risk

The study found a strong association between serum lipid levels and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in middle-aged and older individuals. Interventions to lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, particularly with statins, were shown to be beneficial in reducing CHD and stroke events in individuals with a history of coronary heart disease. However, the relationship between serum cholesterol and cerebrovascular disease is less clear, and it is unknown whether lipid levels after a stroke predict recurrence or whether treatment to modify these levels can prevent stroke or cardiovascular events.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

27.

Hypercholesterolaemia and treatment with statins do not alter L-arginine-induced changes of renal haemodynamics.

Author: FleischmannErwin H, SchlaichMarkus P, SchmidtBernhard M W, OehmerSebastian, SchmiederRoland E

Improved endothelial function

Hypercholesterolemia does not impair L-arginine-induced renal vascular relaxation in humans. Fluvastatin treatment did not alter the renal hemodynamic response pattern to L-arginine infusion despite significant reductions in LDL-cholesterol levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

28.

The anatomy of a clinical trial. The West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study.

Author: ShepherdJ, GawA,

Prevention of myocardial infarction
Potential links between cholesterol reduction
cancer and aggressive or violent behaviour

Before the development of statins, treatment for high cholesterol to prevent heart disease had limited success. Studies using clofibrate, cholestyramine, and gemfibrozil showed only small reductions in heart events and did not improve overall survival or reduce cardiovascular deaths. Concerns also arose about possible links between cholesterol lowering and cancer or aggressive behavior. This led to the need to investigate whether statins could be effective in preventing heart attacks.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

29.

Serum noncholesterol sterols during inhibition of cholesterol synthesis by statins.

Author: MiettinenTatu A, GyllingHelena, LindbohmNina, MiettinenTatu E, RajaratnamRadhakrishnan A, RelasHeikki,

Cholesterol reduction
Plant sterol increase

The study found that atorvastatin and simvastatin effectively reduced serum cholesterol levels in patients with coronary heart disease. Atorvastatin was more effective in reducing cholesterol precursors, while simvastatin led to an initial decrease in plant sterol concentrations. Both statins led to increases in plant sterol levels, possibly due to reduced biliary secretion and enhanced absorption.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

30.

A 52-week, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, double-dummy study to assess the efficacy of atorvastatin and simvastatin in reaching low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride targets: the treat-to-target (3T) study.

Author: OlssonAnders G, ErikssonMats, JohnsonOwe, KjellströmThomas, LankeJan, LarsenMogens Lytken, PedersenTerje, TikkanenMatti J, WiklundOlov,

Hypercholesterolemia treatment
Muscular symptoms

Atorvastatin is more effective than simvastatin in reducing LDL-C and TG levels and at achieving recommended lipid targets in patients with cardiovascular disease and dyslipidemia. Both statins are well tolerated.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

31.

Cholesterol synthesis and absorption in coronary patients with lipid triad and isolated high LDL cholesterol in a 4S subgroup.

Author: MiettinenTatu A, GyllingHelena

Cholesterol reduction

Patients with high triglyceride-low HDL cholesterol (HTG) had higher cholesterol synthesis markers and lower absorption markers compared to those with isolated high LDL cholesterol (ILDL). Simvastatin reduced cholesterol synthesis more effectively in HTG patients, despite similar cholesterol reduction overall.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

32.

An analysis of cholesterol control and statin use in the Losartan Intervention for Endpoint Reduction in Hypertension Study.

Author: KristiansonKrister, FyhrquistFrej, DevereuxRichard B, KjeldsenSverre E, LindholmLars H, LylePaulette A, NieminenMarkku S, SnapinnSteven M

Poor cholesterol control

In patients with moderate to severe hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy, statin use was not optimal and cholesterol levels were poorly controlled.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

33.

Effects of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods vs lovastatin on serum lipids and C-reactive protein.

Author: JenkinsDavid J A, KendallCyril W C, MarchieAugustine, FaulknerDorothea A, WongJulia M W, de SouzaRussell, EmamAzadeh, ParkerTina L, VidgenEdward, LapsleyKaren G, TrautweinElke A, JosseRobert G, LeiterLawrence A, ConnellyPhilip W

Low-fat diet for cholesterol

The study emphasizes the importance of low-saturated fat diets along with plant sterols and viscous fibers to enhance cholesterol-lowering effects, supporting the use of soy protein and nuts.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

34.

Behavioral implications of lowering cholesterol levels: a double-blind pilot study.

Author: OrmistonTom, WolkowitzOwen M, ReusVictor I, ManfrediFrancesca

Cholesterol reduction
Depression improvement
Impulsivity increase

Cholesterol-lowering drugs may be associated with mild, time-limited increases in impulsivity and with mild, time-delayed improvements in depression ratings.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

35.

Rapid effects of simvastatin on lipid profile and C-reactive protein in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

Author: LiJian-Jun, ChenMing-Zhe, ChenXin, FangChun-Hong

Hypercholesterolemia treatment

The study highlighted the potential benefit of rapidly lowering LDL cholesterol and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in patients with coronary heart disease using a statin, and aimed to evaluate a 2-week therapeutic approach for hypercholesterolemia.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

36.

Addressing cardiovascular risk beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol story.

Author: MeagherEmma A

CVD prevention

While statins have been shown to reduce heart disease risk, they only prevent about one-third of heart events. This study explores the link between low levels of "good" cholesterol (HDL) and increased heart disease risk, reviewing existing research on raising HDL levels and discussing new approaches to boosting HDL levels.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

37.

Reduction of myocardial ischemia with simvastatin in addition to conventional treatment in patients with chronic coronary artery disease.

Author: VerriValéria, CunhaAdemir Baptista, TessaroloLuiz E B, CarneiroRenata C, Romêo FilhoLuiz J M

Reduced cardiovascular morbidity
Reduced cardiovascular mortality
Restored peripheral and coronary vasodilation

Coronary artery disease is a growing problem. Controlling risk factors is crucial, not only to prevent plaque buildup (primary prevention) but also to slow or even reverse existing plaque (secondary prevention). High cholesterol is a major factor in the development of this disease. Lowering cholesterol levels, particularly with statins, has been shown to reduce heart problems and death. Lowering cholesterol also improves blood vessel function, even in people without visible blockages.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

38.

Meta-analysis of natural therapies for hyperlipidemia: plant sterols and stanols versus policosanol.

Author: ChenJudy T, WesleyRobert, ShamburekRobert D, PucinoFrank, CsakoGyorgy

LDL reduction
Lipid profile improvement
Tolerability

Policosanol is more effective than plant sterols and stanols for LDL level reduction and more favorably alters the lipid profile, approaching antilipemic drug efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

39.

Dose-comparison study of the combination of ezetimibe and simvastatin (Vytorin) versus atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia: the Vytorin Versus Atorvastatin (VYVA) study.

Author: BallantyneChristie M, AbateNicola, YuanZhong, KingThomas R, PalmisanoJoanne

Ezetimibe/simvastatin

This study compared the LDL-C reduction achieved with ezetimibe/simvastatin, a dual inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption and cholesterol synthesis, to atorvastatin across dose ranges.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

40.

A trial of education, prompts, and opinion leaders to improve prescription of lipid modifying therapy by primary care physicians for patients with ischemic heart disease.

Author: BloomfieldH E, NelsonD B, van RynM, NeilB J, KoetsN J, BasileJ N, SamahaF F, KaulR, MehtaJ L, BoulandD

Increased lipid modifying therapy prescription rate

An intervention for primary care providers consisting of an educational workshop, opinion leader influence, and prompts substantially increased the prescription rate of lipid modifying therapy.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

41.

The DISCOVERY PENTA study: a DIrect Statin COmparison of LDL-C Value--an Evaluation of Rosuvastatin therapY compared with atorvastatin.

Author: FonsecaFrancisco A H, RuizAlvaro, Cardona-MuñozErnesto G, SilvaJose M, FuenmayorNery, MarottiMarcelo,

HDL-C increase
LDL-C reduction
Safety

Rosuvastatin 10 mg is significantly more effective at achieving NCEP ATP III and European LDL-C goals, lowering LDL-C and TC in both naïve and switched patients and increasing HDL-C in naïve patients than atorvastatin 10mg, with a similar safety and tolerability profile.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

43.

Efficacy and safety of ezetimibe co-administered with atorvastatin in untreated patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia and coronary heart disease.

Author: BlagdenM D, ChipperfieldR

LDL cholesterol reduction

Adding ezetimibe to atorvastatin monotherapy significantly improved LDL-C reduction in patients with primary hypercholesterolaemia and coronary heart disease. In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 148 patients, the combination therapy resulted in a 14.1% additional reduction in LDL-C compared to atorvastatin alone.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

44.

Efficacy and tolerability of adding prescription omega-3 fatty acids 4 g/d to simvastatin 40 mg/d in hypertriglyceridemic patients: an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Author: DavidsonMichael H, SteinEvan A, BaysHarold E, MakiKevin C, DoyleRalph T, ShalwitzRobert A, BallantyneChristie M, GinsbergHenry N,

People with high triglyceride levels often have high levels of non-HDL cholesterol as well. While guidelines recommend lowering non-HDL cholesterol in these patients, using statins alone may not be enough to achieve the desired levels.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

45.

Effects of ezetimibe, simvastatin, atorvastatin, and ezetimibe-statin therapies on non-cholesterol sterols in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia.

Author: AssmannGerd, KannenbergFrank, RameyDena R, MuslinerThomas A, GutkinStephen W, VeltriEnrico P

This study highlights the need for more research on the impact of combining cholesterol-lowering medications (statins and ezetimibe) on different aspects of cholesterol metabolism. While levels of certain sterols in the blood are known to reflect cholesterol absorption and synthesis, more information is needed about how these levels are affected when these two types of medications are used together.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

46.

Effects of ezetimibe/simvastatin on lipoprotein subfractions in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia: an exploratory analysis of archived samples using two commercially available techniques.

Author: OseLeiv, ReyesRobert, Johnson-LevonasAmy O, SapreAditi, TribbleDiane L, MuslinerThomas

Lipid lowering

The study discussed the use of ezetimibe/simvastatin (E/S) as an efficacious lipid-lowering treatment that inhibits both the intestinal absorption and biosynthesis of cholesterol.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

47.

Simvastatin with or without ezetimibe in familial hypercholesterolemia.

Author: KasteleinJohn J P, AkdimFatima, StroesErik S G, ZwindermanAeilko H, BotsMichiel L, StalenhoefAnton F H, VisserenFrank L J, SijbrandsEric J G, TripMieke D, SteinEvan A, GaudetDaniel, DuivenvoordenRaphael, VeltriEnrico P, MaraisA David, de GrootEric,

Reduced C-reactive protein
Reduced LDL cholesterol
Reduced triglycerides

Combined therapy with ezetimibe and simvastatin did not result in a significant difference in changes in intima-media thickness compared with simvastatin alone, despite decreases in levels of LDL cholesterol and C-reactive protein.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

48.

Targets of statin therapy: LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS).

Author: Charlton-MenysValentine, BetteridgeD John, ColhounHelen, FullerJohn, FranceMichael, HitmanGraham A, LivingstoneShona J, NeilH Andrew W, NewmanConnie B, SzarekMichael, DeMiccoDavid A, DurringtonPaul N

Improved diabetes treatment
Diabetes mellitus

LDL cholesterol (LDLC) can vary greatly in the amount of cholesterol it carries. This means that lowering LDLC as a treatment goal with statins will impact different people in different ways, as statin treatment removes circulating LDL particles. This is especially important for people with diabetes, as their LDL often has less cholesterol to begin with.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

49.

The relationship between reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by statins and reduction in risk of cardiovascular outcomes: an updated meta-analysis.

Author: DelahoyPhilippa J, MaglianoDianna J, WebbKate, GroblerMendel, LiewDanny

Reduced cardiovascular risk
None reported

There was a significant positive relationship between reduction in LDL-C and reduction in the risk for major cardiovascular events.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

50.

Lipid management in the prevention of stroke: review and updated meta-analysis of statins for stroke prevention.

Author: AmarencoPierre, LabreucheJulien

Stroke prevention
Stroke treatment

Statin therapy significantly reduces the risk of stroke in high-risk populations and in patients with non-cardioembolic stroke or transient ischemic attack.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

51.

Interventions in the management of serum lipids for preventing stroke recurrence.

Author: ManktelowBradley N, PotterJohn F

CHD prevention
Stroke prevention

Studies show that lowering cholesterol levels reduces heart attacks and strokes in people who have already had heart disease. However, it is unclear if lowering cholesterol can prevent strokes or other heart problems from occurring again, or if different types of cholesterol-lowering medications have different effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

52.

Extended-release niacin or ezetimibe and carotid intima-media thickness.

Author: TaylorAllen J, VillinesTodd C, StanekEric J, DevinePatrick J, GriffenLen, MillerMichael, WeissmanNeil J, TurcoMark

Lipid profile improvement

Extended-release niacin, when combined with statin therapy, caused a significant regression of carotid intima-media thickness. Niacin was superior to ezetimibe in reducing the thickness.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

53.

Dietary treatment for familial hypercholesterolaemia.

Author: ShafiqNusrat, SinghMeenu, KaurSharonjeet, KhoslaPratibha, MalhotraSamir

This article discusses the lack of consensus on the most appropriate dietary treatment for children and adults with familial hypercholesterolemia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

54.

Cholesterol-lowering interventions and stroke: insights from a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: De CaterinaRaffaele, ScaranoMarco, MarfisiRosamaria, LucisanoGiuseppe, PalmaFrancesco, TatascioreAlfonso, MarchioliRoberto

Reduces stroke risk
Reduces total cholesterol
None mentioned

Among cholesterol-lowering treatments, statins are the most effective at decreasing the risk of total stroke, but their benefit is proportional to the percent reduction of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

55.

Long-term changes in serum cholesterol level does not influence the progression of coronary calcification.

Author: TenenbaumAlexander, ShemeshJoseph, Koren-MoragNira, FismanEnrique Z, AdlerYehuda, GoldenbergIlan, TanneDavid, HayIlan, SchwammenthalEhud, MotroMichael

Longitudinal changes in serum cholesterol did not affect the progression of coronary calcium.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

56.

Ezetimibe/simvastatin vs simvastatin in coronary heart disease patients with or without diabetes.

Author: RotellaCarlo M, ZaninelliAugusto, Le GrazieCristina, HansonMary E, GensiniGian Franco

Hypercholesterolemia treatment

Treatment guidelines prioritize lowering LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) for people with high cholesterol. When statins alone aren't enough, combining them with other cholesterol-lowering medications is recommended. This study aims to identify factors that influence the success of achieving cholesterol goals, whether related to the treatment itself or patient characteristics.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

57.

Dietary interventions (plant sterols, stanols, omega-3 fatty acids, soy protein and dietary fibers) for familial hypercholesterolaemia.

Author: MalhotraAnita, ShafiqNusrat, AroraAnjuman, SinghMeenu, KumarRajendra, MalhotraSamir

Improved cholesterol control

This review discusses the use of plant sterols (phytosterols or stanols) for managing familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) in children and adults, highlighting the need for consensus on optimal dietary interventions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

58.

Long-term statin treatment in children with familial hypercholesterolemia: more insight into tolerability and adherence.

Author: BraamskampMarjet J A M, KustersD Meeike, AvisHans J, SmetsEllen M A, WijburgFrits A, KasteleinJohn J P, WiegmanAlbert, HuttenBarbara A

Good adherence
Good tolerability
Mild side effects

Statin therapy was well tolerated in young adults with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) who started statin therapy in childhood. Only 1.5% of patients discontinued therapy due to side effects, which were mainly muscle complaints and gastrointestinal symptoms. Adherence to statin therapy was good, with 82.4% of patients remaining on treatment and 78.7% being adherent after 10 years of treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

59.

Effects of add-on lipid-modifying therapy on top of background statin treatment on major cardiovascular events: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: IpChi-kin, JinDong-mei, GaoJia-jia, MengZhe, MengJing, TanZhi, WangJing-feng, GengDeng-feng

ASCVD prevention

Even when patients with a high risk of cardiovascular disease achieve target LDL cholesterol levels with statin therapy, residual risk remains. The study investigates whether adding other lipid-modifying agents to statin therapy improves clinical outcomes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

60.

Alirocumab in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia undergoing lipoprotein apheresis: Rationale and design of the ODYSSEY ESCAPE trial.

Author: MoriartyPatrick M, ParhoferKlaus G, BabirakStephan P, deGomaEmil, DuellP Barton, HohensteinBernd, RamlowWolfgang, SimhaVinaya, Steinhagen-ThiessenElisabeth, ThompsonPaul D, VogtAnja, von StritzkyBerndt, DuYunling, ManvelianGaren

Reduced apheresis frequency
Unknown

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (ODYSSEY ESCAPE) will evaluate the efficacy of alirocumab in reducing the frequency of lipoprotein apheresis treatments in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH). The primary end point is the frequency of apheresis treatments over a 12-week period.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

61.

Randomized Evaluation of the Effects of Anacetrapib through Lipid-modification (REVEAL)-A large-scale, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the clinical effects of anacetrapib among people with established vascular disease: Trial design, recruitment, and baseline characteristics.

Author: , BowmanL, ChenF, SammonsE, HopewellJ C, WallendszusK, StevensW, Valdes- MarquezE, WiviottS, CannonC P, BraunwaldE, CollinsR, LandrayM J

This study explored the potential benefit of inhibiting cholesteryl ester transfer protein with anacetrapib in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with prior vascular disease, despite intensive statin treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

62.

The impact of the time of drug administration on the effectiveness of combined treatment of hypercholesterolemia with Rosuvastatin and Ezetimibe (RosEze): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: ObońskaKarolina, KasprzakMichał, SikoraJoanna, ObońskaEwa, RackiKrzysztof, GoździkiewiczNatalia, KrintusMagdalena, KubicaJacek

Hypercholesterolemia treatment

High cholesterol is a major risk factor for heart disease. Statins are the first-line treatment, but if they don't lower cholesterol enough, ezetimibe is often added.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

63.

Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease.

Author: , BowmanLouise, HopewellJemma C, ChenFang, WallendszusKarl, StevensWilliam, CollinsRory, WiviottStephen D, CannonChristopher P, BraunwaldEugene, SammonsEmily, LandrayMartin J

HDL cholesterol increase
LDL cholesterol reduction
Cardiovascular events risk

This abstract discusses the potential benefits and concerns surrounding anacetrapib, a cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor, for reducing cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease. It highlights the mixed results of trials on other CETP inhibitors and emphasizes the need for further research to determine its overall effectiveness.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

64.

[Optimal cholesterol levels in patients in real-life. A systematic review].

Author: EscobarC, BarriosV, Pérez de IslaL

Dyslipidaemia treatment

High cholesterol is a major risk factor for hardening of the arteries. Lower cholesterol levels are better, and while current guidelines recommend certain cholesterol targets, even lower levels may have additional benefits without increased side effects. However, many people don't have their cholesterol levels well controlled. While statins are the main treatment, other medications are available to help people reach their cholesterol targets.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : Spanish

65.

Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels: A Meta-analysis.

Author: SabatineMarc S, WiviottStephen D, ImKyungAh, MurphySabina A, GiuglianoRobert P

Reduced vascular events

A study of patients with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels found that there was a 22% reduction in major vascular events per 1-mmol/L (38.7-mg/dL) lowering of LDL-C.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

66.

Optimising treatment of hyperlipidaemia: Quantitative evaluation of UK, USA and European guidelines taking account of both LDL cholesterol levels and cardiovascular disease risk.

Author: SoranHandrean, AdamSafwaan, DurringtonPaul N

Cholesterol-lowering medication
LDL cholesterol targets

Guidelines for lowering cholesterol using medication either recommend a set dose of statins without specific cholesterol targets or aim for specific cholesterol goals. Lowering LDL cholesterol reduces the risk of heart disease.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

67.

Motivational interviewing to support LDL-C therapeutic goals and lipid-lowering therapy compliance in patients with acute coronary syndromes (IDEAL-LDL) study: rationale and design.

Author: BoulmpouAristi, KartasAnastasios, FarmakisIoannis, ZafeiropoulosStefanos, NevrasVasileios, PapadimitriouIoannis, TampakiAthina, VlachouAnastasia, LillisLeonidas, KoutsakisAthanasios, KarvounisHaralampos, GiannakoulasGeorge

LDL-C reduction

This protocol describes the design of a clinical trial evaluating the effect of a patient-centered, physician-led motivational intervention following ACS on LDL-C goal achievement, medication adherence, and cardiovascular events.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

68.

Statin Treatments And Dosages In Children With Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Meta-Analysis.

Author: RadaelliGraciane, SausenGrasiele, CesaClaudia Ciceri, SantosFrancisco de Souza, PortalVera Lucia, NeyeloffJeruza Lavanholi, PellandaLucia Campos

Cardiovascular event reduction
Lower LDL cholesterol
Effect unclear in children

This study examines the effectiveness of statin treatment in lowering LDL cholesterol levels and preventing cardiovascular events in children with familial hypercholesterolemia, considering the potential for early endothelial damage and increased cardiovascular disease risk in this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

69.

Cholesterol Lowering and Stroke: No Longer Room for Pleiotropic Effects of Statins - Confirmation from PCSK9 Inhibitor Studies.

Author: SalvatoreTanya, MorgantiRiccardo, MarchioliRoberto, De CaterinaRaffaele

Reduced stroke risk

The relationship between cholesterol levels and stroke is less clear than the relationship between cholesterol levels and coronary heart disease. This study investigates whether cholesterol lowering is related to a significant reduction of stroke, considering the results of recent trials with evolocumab, bococizumab, and alirocumab.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

70.

Effect of Bempedoic Acid vs Placebo Added to Maximally Tolerated Statins on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients at High Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: The CLEAR Wisdom Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: GoldbergAnne C, LeiterLawrence A, StroesErik S G, BaumSeth J, HanselmanJeffrey C, BloedonLeAnne T, LalwaniNarendra D, PatelPragna M, ZhaoXin, DuellP Barton

Bempedoic acid
LDL-C reduction
Cardiovascular disease

Bempedoic acid significantly lowered LDL-C levels in patients with high cardiovascular risk who were already receiving maximally tolerated statins.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

71.

Intensive LDL cholesterol-lowering treatment beyond current recommendations for the prevention of major vascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials including 327 037 participants.

Author: WangNelson, FulcherJordan, AbeysuriyaNishan, ParkLaura, KumarShejil, Di TannaGian Luca, WilcoxIan, KeechAnthony, RodgersAnthony, LalSean

Cardiovascular disease prevention

While lowering LDL cholesterol is beneficial for preventing heart disease, this study aims to understand if the benefits are the same for everyone, considering factors like their starting LDL cholesterol level, overall risk of heart disease, and existing health problems.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

72.

Reasons Why Combination Therapy Should Be the New Standard of Care to Achieve the LDL-Cholesterol Targets : Lipid-lowering combination therapy.

Author: MasanaLluís, IbarretxeDaiana, PlanaNúria

Cardiovascular risk reduction

Statins are effective in reducing cardiovascular risk, and recent studies have shown that other lipid-lowering therapies, such as ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors, also contribute to cardiovascular prevention. The concept of 'high-intensity statin therapy' should be replaced by 'high-intensity lipid lowering therapy,' and combination therapy should become the standard of care for hypercholesterolemia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

74.

To study impact of treatment with Rosuvastatin versus Atorvastatin on 25 hydroxy Vitamin D concentrations among adult Indian men- a randomized control trial.

Author: PatwardhanVivek G, MughalZulf M, PadidelaRaja, ChiplonkarShashi A, KhadilkarVaman V, KhadilkarAnuradha V

Reduced LDL-C
Reduced 25OHD

This randomized, open-label study of 104 Indian men with dyslipidemia evaluated the effects of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels. Atorvastatin treatment significantly reduced 25OHD levels, while rosuvastatin did not. The reduction in LDL-C concentrations associated with atorvastatin was correlated with 25OHD levels, suggesting a possible relationship between vitamin D status and statin efficacy.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

75.

Longer-Term Efficacy and Safety of Evinacumab in Patients With Refractory Hypercholesterolemia.

Author: RosensonRobert S, BurgessLesley J, EbenbichlerChristoph F, BaumSeth J, StroesErik S G, AliShazia, KhillaNagwa, McGinnissJennifer, GaudetDaniel, PordyRobert

Hypercholesterolemia treatment

This study discusses the challenges of managing refractory hypercholesterolemia in patients who don't achieve their LDL-C goals despite maximally tolerated lipid-lowering therapies. These patients have an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

76.

The efficacy of intensive lipid-lowering therapies on the reduction of LDLc and of major cardiovascular events.

Author: CorderoAlberto, Fernández OlmoRosa, BadimonLina, Santos-GallegoCarlos G, CastellanoJosé M, FácilaLorenzo, Rodriguez-ManeroMoisés, BonanadClara, VilahurGemma, EscribanoDavid, BadimonJuan J, González-JuanateyJosé R

Cardiovascular event reduction

Intensive lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) reduced the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) by 15% compared to control. The number needed to treat was 56 patients. This was associated with significant reductions in myocardial infarction and stroke. There was a positive effect on cardiovascular mortality but no effect on all-cause mortality.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

This site uses cookies. Visit our privacy policy page or click the link in any footer for more information and to change your preferences.