Effective treatment of epilepsy: A Synthesis of Findings from 92 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major research findings

Numerous studies have revealed significant insights into the treatment of epilepsy. 61 provides a comprehensive overview of treatment options for metabolic epilepsy, highlighting the need for therapies that address the underlying metabolic abnormalities, as conventional antiepileptic drugs often fail to do so. Targeting the root cause of metabolic disturbances can lead to improvements in behavior, cognitive function, and reduced seizure frequency or severity. 71 explores the use of vigabatrin as an add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy, suggesting its potential effectiveness in managing this specific type of epilepsy. 17 examines the efficacy of surgery for intractable epilepsy through a meta-analysis, indicating that surgery can be a successful treatment option. Furthermore, 26 demonstrates the efficacy of clobazam as an add-on therapy for refractory epilepsy. 27 investigates the effectiveness of ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine for treating childhood absence epilepsy, the most prevalent pediatric epilepsy syndrome, although the optimal first-line treatment remains undefined. 72 delves into the molecular mechanisms of epileptogenesis and explores novel therapeutic approaches. The study highlights the role of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and epigenetic modifications in the development of epilepsy. 90 presents a phase 2b randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of XEN1101, a novel potassium channel opener, for treating adults with focal epilepsy. 53 compares the effectiveness of lamotrigine and carbamazepine for monotherapy in epilepsy through a meta-analysis of individual participant data, indicating lamotrigine's potential superiority. 82 investigates the characteristics of individuals with epilepsy in three Eastern African countries, highlighting the significant treatment gap, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. 48 explores the use of melatonin as an add-on therapy for epilepsy, suggesting its potential as a safe antiepileptic medication. 89 systematically reviews and meta-analyzes the safety and efficacy of brivaracetam for treating childhood epilepsy, highlighting its effectiveness and safety in this population. 65 systematically reviews and meta-analyzes the quality of life of children after epilepsy surgery, indicating that surgery can improve their quality of life. 32 provides an updated Cochrane Review on the effectiveness of levetiracetam as an add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy, suggesting its effectiveness in managing this challenging form of epilepsy. 57 conducts a network meta-analysis of individual participant data, comparing the effectiveness of various antiepileptic drug monotherapies for epilepsy. 81 provides an updated Cochrane Review on the effectiveness of felbamate as an add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy, suggesting its potential effectiveness in this patient population. 79 systematically reviews and meta-analyzes the efficacy of lamotrigine in epilepsy patients who have failed initial valproate treatment, indicating lamotrigine's potential effectiveness in this context. 25 investigates the efficacy of rufinamide for generalized seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, suggesting its potential effectiveness for managing this complex and challenging pediatric epilepsy syndrome. 20 explores the potential of hippocampal electrical stimulation as a treatment for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). 29 compares the effectiveness of progesterone and placebo therapy for intractable seizures in women with partial epilepsy through a randomized clinical trial. 38 reports on a multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, highlighting the need for more controlled treatment trials for this common conversion disorder. 4 compares the treatment outcomes of uncomplicated childhood epilepsy after one and three years of treatment, suggesting the prognostic value of EEG parameters for predicting remission rates after discontinuing antiepileptic drug therapy. 46 provides an updated Cochrane Review on the effectiveness of melatonin as an add-on therapy for epilepsy, suggesting its potential as a safe antiepileptic medication. 33 meta-analyzes the therapeutic effects of selective amygdalohippocampectomy and anterior temporal lobectomy for treating temporal lobe epilepsy. 84 systematically reviews the cost-effectiveness of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment for patients with drug-refractory epilepsy, suggesting that surgical treatment may be more cost-effective. 91 provides an updated Cochrane Review on immunomodulatory interventions for focal epilepsy, highlighting the potential of targeting inflammatory pathways as a novel therapeutic strategy. 21 investigates the impact of treating the first tonic-clonic seizure on long-term remission of epilepsy, suggesting that early treatment does not affect the long-term prognosis. 31 meta-analyzes the clinical efficacy and safety of newer antiepileptic drugs, such as eslicarbazepine, retigabine/ezogabine, carisbamate, lacosamide, brivaracetam, and perampanel, as adjunctive therapy for adults with refractory partial-onset seizures. 22 explores the use of corticosteroids, including ACTH, for treating childhood epilepsy other than epileptic spasms, highlighting their potential efficacy but emphasizing the associated significant adverse effects. 55 conducts a review of individual participant data comparing the effectiveness of topiramate and carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy, suggesting no significant difference in efficacy. 15 presents a clinical observation study on 930 children with epilepsy treated with anti-epilepsy capsules, indicating their potential effectiveness in treating various types of epilepsy. 51 investigates the use of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant epilepsy, showing inconsistent results but suggesting potential benefits. 62 systematically reviews and meta-analyzes the overall outcomes of surgical versus medical treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy. 10 examines the effectiveness of oxcarbazepine as an add-on therapy for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. 85 investigates the impact of melatonin add-on therapy on seizure outcomes and sleep quality in adults with idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic seizures. 30 further explores the potential of melatonin as an add-on therapy for epilepsy, emphasizing its safety profile. 80 provides an updated Cochrane Review comparing the effectiveness of various antiepileptic drug monotherapies for epilepsy through a network meta-analysis of individual participant data. 23 examines the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for epilepsy in individuals with intellectual disabilities, emphasizing the need for high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in this population. 45 systematically reviews the evidence for using neuroimaging for surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy. 34 examines the effectiveness of zonisamide as an add-on therapy for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. 1 investigates the use of phenytoin as a single drug treatment for epilepsy, suggesting its potential efficacy for many patients.

Treatment summary

For metabolic epilepsy, treatment strategies often focus on addressing the underlying metabolic abnormalities, such as through dietary modifications and supplementation. 61 Traditional antiepileptic drugs may not effectively address the root cause of this type of epilepsy, making these alternative approaches crucial.

Treating drug-resistant focal epilepsy often involves add-on therapies such as vigabatrin, 71 felbamate, 81 zonisamide, 34 oxcarbazepine, 10 levetiracetam, 32 and surgical interventions can also be effective. 17

Treating childhood epilepsy often involves medications such as ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine. 27 Brivaracetam has proven to be both effective and safe for treating childhood epilepsy. 89 Surgical interventions can also improve the quality of life for children with epilepsy. 65

Benefits and risks

Benefit summary

Treatment for epilepsy has shown to reduce seizure frequency and severity, leading to improved quality of life. 61 Specifically, targeting the underlying metabolic abnormalities in metabolic epilepsy can lead to improvements in behavior and cognitive function. 61 Surgical interventions for drug-resistant focal epilepsy have demonstrated the potential for significantly reducing seizure frequency. 17 Melatonin has shown potential as a safe antiepileptic medication. 48 Brivaracetam has proven to be both effective and safe for treating childhood epilepsy. 89

Risk summary

Epilepsy treatments carry the potential for side effects. Antiepileptic medications can cause drowsiness, dizziness, unsteadiness, nausea, and weight gain. 71 Surgical interventions may involve risks of infection, bleeding, and cognitive decline. 17 Corticosteroids can cause side effects such as osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, and weight gain. 22

Comparison between studies

Commonalities between studies

Multiple studies underscore that epilepsy is a treatable condition, and appropriate treatment can effectively reduce seizure frequency and severity. The research emphasizes the importance of individualizing treatment plans, considering the availability of a wide range of antiepileptic medications and surgical interventions.

Differences between studies

Studies may present varying conclusions regarding the effectiveness of specific treatments and their associated risks. For instance, the effectiveness of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant epilepsy remains inconclusive. 51 In some cases, conflicting results may emerge from different studies, highlighting the complexity of epilepsy and the need for a nuanced approach. Therefore, considering multiple research findings and tailoring treatment to individual patients is crucial.

Consistency and contradictions in results

Some studies present differing conclusions regarding the effectiveness and safety of specific therapies. For example, the efficacy of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for treating drug-resistant epilepsy exhibits variability across studies. 51 Inconsistent findings may arise from different research methodologies or patient populations. This underscores the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of multiple research outcomes to make informed decisions regarding treatment choices for individual patients.

Practical application considerations

Epilepsy management requires a personalized approach, prioritizing the selection of treatments that best suit each individual's condition. Regular consultations with a physician are essential to monitor treatment progress, potential side effects, and any changes in condition. Open communication with your healthcare provider is crucial for making informed decisions about your treatment plan.

Limitations of current research

Despite the advancements in epilepsy treatment research, gaps in our understanding remain. Further research is necessary, particularly in the development of novel therapies and the thorough evaluation of the efficacy and safety of existing treatments. The diversity of epilepsy symptoms and causes presents a challenge in discovering universally effective therapies.

Future research directions

Advancements in epilepsy treatment research require focusing on the following key aspects:

  • Development of novel therapies.
  • In-depth investigations into the effectiveness and safety of existing therapies.
  • Research focused on identifying personalized treatment strategies for individual patients.
  • Unraveling the underlying mechanisms of epileptogenesis.

Conclusion

Epilepsy is a treatable condition, with appropriate treatment often leading to reduced seizure frequency and severity, resulting in improved quality of life. However, finding universally effective therapies can be challenging due to the diversity of epilepsy types and causes. A comprehensive evaluation of multiple research findings is essential to make informed decisions about treatment choices for individual patients. It is crucial to collaborate with your healthcare provider to develop a personalized treatment plan that addresses your specific needs and monitor your progress closely.

List of treatments

Dietary modifications, dietary supplements, vigabatrin, felbamate, zonisamide, oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, surgical interventions, ethosuximide, valproic acid, lamotrigine, brivaracetam, melatonin, corticosteroids, phenytoin, polyunsaturated fatty acids.

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Reduced polypharmacy
Seizure control
1
Broad spectrum of activity
2
Effective treatment
3
Higher remission rate
4
Reduced seizure recurrence
5
Reduced anxiety
6
Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment
7
Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment
8
Improved seizure control
9
Effective treatment
10
Effective treatment
11
Improved seizure control
12
Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment
13
Epilepsy remission
14
Anti-epilepsy capsules for epilepsy
15
CBT efficacy
EEG biofeedback efficacy
Educational intervention efficacy
16
Reduced seizures
17
Behavior improvement
18
Good prognosis
Seizure control
19
Long-term benefits
Reduced seizures
20
Epilepsy treatment
21
Improved epilepsy treatment
24
Improved seizure severity
Reduced seizure frequency
25
Reduced seizure frequency
26
Ethosuximide effective epilepsy
Valproic acid effective epilepsy
27
Add-on treatment for epilepsy
28
Reduced seizure frequency
29
Improved epilepsy treatment
30
POS treatment efficacy
31
Control drug-resistant epilepsy
32
Seizure control
Verbal memory improvement
33
Reduced seizures
34
Pregabalin for epilepsy
35
Similar efficacy
36
Improved epilepsy control
37
Good prognosis
39
Epilepsy treatment
40
Seizure management
41
Epilepsy treatment
42
Treatment for ESES
43
Refractory epilepsy treatment
44
Drug-resistant focal epilepsy treatment
45
Melatonin for epilepsy
46
Seizure reduction
47
Better tolerated AEDs
48
Reduced cortical excitability
49
Epilepsy treatment
50
Seizure control
51
BECTS treatment
52
Epilepsy treatment
53
Epilepsy treatment
55
Epilepsy treatment
57
Focal epilepsy treatment
58
Epilepsy treatment
59
Improved epilepsy treatment
60
Reduced seizure frequency
61
Epilepsy treatment
62
Seizure control
63
Better tolerated than CR-CBZ
64
Improved pediatric epilepsy surgery outcomes
65
Improved epilepsy treatment
67
Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment
68
Epilepsy surgery
69
Epilepsy treatment
70
Improved epilepsy treatment
71
Epilepsy treatment
Neuroprotection
72
Reduced epilepsy severity
73
Anticonvulsive activity
Neuroprotection
74
Seizure control
75
Reduced cortical excitability
76
Focal epilepsy treatment
Generalized epilepsy treatment
78
Lamotrigine for epilepsy
79
Epilepsy treatment
80
Felbamate for epilepsy
81
Epilepsy treatment
82
Early epilepsy surgery in children
83
Cost-effective
Effective treatment
84
Epilepsy severity reduction
Sleep quality improvement
85
Epilepsy treatment
86
Epilepsy treatment
88
Effective treatment
89
Seizure reduction
90
Epilepsy treatment
91
TLE treatment
92
Risk Keywords
Serum phenytoin decline
1
Behavioral difficulties
3
High relapse rate
4
None specified
18
Refractory epilepsy
19
Steroid adverse effects
22
Epilepsy
24
Somnolence
Vomiting
25
Side effects
26
Valproic acid attentional dysfunction
27
Increased risk of perimenstrual seizure exacerbation
Ineffective for most women
29
Adverse effects
31
Neurostimulation complications
37
Conversion disorder
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
38
Subtle cognitive impairment
39
Metabolic alteration
Neurological disturbances
Psychiatric and behavioral symptoms
48
Bleeding risk
51
None mentioned
53
LEV associated with more AEs than LTG
No significant difference in seizure freedom
64
Developmental delay
KCNQ2 related disorders
Refractory seizures
66
Drug resistance
Therapeutic failure
72
Epilepsy
75
Cognitive impairment
Drowsiness
77
Uncertain cost-effectiveness
Uncertain effectiveness
78
Ischemic strokes
Neurocysticercosis
82
Costly treatment
84
High morbidity
High mortality
87
Mental or behavioral disorders
Somnolence
89
Literature analysis of 92 papers
Positive Content
84
Neutral Content
3
Negative Content
5
Article Type
22
31
66
49
89
1.

One drug (phenytoin) in the treatment of epilepsy.

Author: ReynoldsE H, ChadwickD, GalbraithA W

Reduced polypharmacy
Seizure control
Serum phenytoin decline

Phenytoin was effective in treating 31 patients with epilepsy, with only 10% requiring a second drug. In the optimal serum phenytoin range, only one grand mal attack occurred, compared to a mean pre-treatment seizure rate of 1.5 per month.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

A comparison of valproate with carbamazepine for the treatment of complex partial seizures and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults. The Department of Veterans Affairs Epilepsy Cooperative Study No. 264 Group.

Author: MattsonR H, CramerJ A, CollinsJ F

Broad spectrum of activity

Valproate is effective in treating various seizure types, including partial and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which are often difficult to control with standard treatments.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

3.

Psychiatric aspects of epilepsy in childhood treated with carbamazepine, phenytoin or sodium valproate: a random trial.

Author: BergI, ButlerA, EllisM, FosterJ

Effective treatment
Behavioral difficulties

Carbamazepine and sodium valproate were associated with minor behavioral difficulties in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy, but these did not persist. Mothers of the children had high anxiety and depression levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

A comparison between one and three years of treatment in uncomplicated childhood epilepsy: a prospective study. II. The EEG as predictor of outcome after withdrawal of treatment.

Author: AnderssonT, BraathenG, PerssonA, TheorellK

Higher remission rate
High relapse rate

The presence of epileptiform activity does not necessarily influence prognosis after discontinuation of treatment, but certain types of such activity signal a high risk of relapse. Children with irregular generalized spike-wave activity in their last EEG recordings before discontinuation of treatment had a clearly higher relapse rate (67%) than children without epileptiform activity (33%) or with other types of epileptiform activity (33%).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Treatment of first tonic-clonic seizure does not improve the prognosis of epilepsy. First Seizure Trial Group (FIRST Group).

Author: MusiccoM, BeghiE, SolariA, VianiF

Reduced seizure recurrence

In a study of 419 people who had a first seizure, those who started medication right away had a lower chance of having another seizure than those who waited for a second seizure to start treatment. However, the long-term chance of staying seizure-free was the same for both groups. Factors that predicted a higher risk of having another seizure included age, use of benzodiazepines during the initial seizure, and abnormal brain activity. The study suggests that medication can reduce the risk of having another seizure after a first seizure, but many people who are not treated will never have another seizure.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

The assessment and treatment of concerns and anxiety in patients undergoing presurgical monitoring for epilepsy.

Author: AndrewesD, CampK, KilpatrickC, CookM

Reduced anxiety

Providing patients with epilepsy undergoing monitoring for surgical treatment with an information package, including a video depicting patient experiences, significantly decreased their anxiety and depression levels compared to those given standard hospital information.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Zonisamide for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: ChadwickD W, MarsonA G

Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment

This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the use of zonisamide as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

8.

Topiramate for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: JetteN J, MarsonA G, KadirZ A, HuttonJ L

Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment

This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the use of topiramate as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

9.

Gabapentin add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: MarsonA G, KadirZ A, HuttonJ L, ChadwickD W

Improved seizure control

This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the use of gabapentin as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

10.

Oxcarbazepine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: CastilloS, SchmidtD B, WhiteS

Effective treatment

Oxcarbazepine is reviewed as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy, a condition affecting a significant portion of epilepsy patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

11.

Levetiracetam add-on for drug-resistant localization related (partial) epilepsy.

Author: ChaisewikulR, PriviteraM D, HuttonJ L, MarsonA G

Effective treatment

This review examines the effectiveness of levetiracetam, a new antiepileptic drug, as an additional treatment for patients with epilepsy who experience seizures despite taking other medications (drug-resistant partial epilepsy). This type of epilepsy affects up to 30% of patients. The review summarizes current research on levetiracetam's potential to improve outcomes in these patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

12.

Zonisamide add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: ChadwickD W, MarsonA G

Improved seizure control

Zonisamide, an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy, is effective for up to 30% of patients who develop refractory epilepsy, especially those with partial seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

13.

Topiramate add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: JetteN J, MarsonA G, HuttonJ L

Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment

The study reviews current evidence on the use of topiramate as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

14.

The natural history of epilepsy in the era of new antiepileptic drugs and surgical treatment.

Author: SanderJ W

Epilepsy remission

Between 70 and 80% of people developing epilepsy will go into long-term remission, usually within the first 5 years.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

15.

Clinical observation on 930 child epilepsy cases treated with anti-epilepsy capsules.

Author: MaRong, LiShaochuan, LiXinmin, HuSiyuan, SunXihuan, LiuYuzhen, ZhangXilian, LiXiangnong, MaXiuhua

Anti-epilepsy capsules for epilepsy

A study comparing anti-epilepsy capsules to luminal in treating child epilepsy showed a significantly higher total effective rate in the anti-epilepsy capsule group (83.33%) compared to the control group (51.88%).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

17.

[Meta-analysis of surgery trials in refractory epilepsy].

Author: CucheratM

Reduced seizures

Surgery for intractable epilepsy shows a substantial effect, increasing the proportion of patients free of seizure impairing awareness at 1 year.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : French

18.

Treatment of interictal epileptiform discharges can improve behavior in children with behavioral problems and epilepsy.

Author: PresslerRonit M, RobinsonRichard O, WilsonGoigia A, BinnieColin D

Behavior improvement
None specified

Suppressing interictal discharges can improve behavior in children with epilepsy, particularly partial epilepsy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Zonisamide add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: ChadwickD W, MarsonA G

Good prognosis
Seizure control
Refractory epilepsy

This review summarizes the current evidence regarding zonisamide as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy, a condition affecting a significant portion of epilepsy patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

20.

Hippocampal electrical stimulation in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Author: Tellez-ZentenoJ F, McLachlanR S, ParrentA, KubuC S, WiebeS

Long-term benefits
Reduced seizures

Hippocampal electrical stimulation may offer potential benefit in treating mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), but the effect sizes observed were smaller than those reported in non-randomized studies. The authors found no significant differences in other outcomes and no adverse effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

21.

Treatment of the first tonic-clonic seizure does not affect long-term remission of epilepsy.

Author: LeoneMaurizio A, SolariAlessandra, BeghiEttore,

Epilepsy treatment

The study found that early treatment with antiepileptic medication did not affect the long-term prognosis of epilepsy in patients with a first, unprovoked, primarily or secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

22.

Corticosteroids including ACTH for childhood epilepsy other than epileptic spasms.

Author: GayatriN A, FerrieC D, CrossH

Steroid adverse effects

This review determined the efficacy of corticosteroids in terms of seizure control, improvements in cognition, and quality of life and tolerability of steroids compared to placebo or other antiepileptic drugs in children with epilepsy. The review found no evidence for the efficacy or safety of corticosteroids in treating childhood epilepsies. Clinicians using steroids in childhood epilepsies, other than for epileptic spasms, should take this into account before using these agents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

23.

Non-pharmacological interventions for epilepsy in people with intellectual disabilities.

Author: BeavisJ, KerrM, MarsonA G

The study discussed the need for good quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy of alternative or adjunct therapies for seizures in intellectually disabled people, given the high rate of drug-resistant epilepsy in this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

24.

Pregabalin add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: LozsadiD, HemmingK, MarsonA G

Improved epilepsy treatment
Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition affecting about 1% of people in the UK. One-third of people with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite medication. To improve outcomes, new antiepileptic drugs have been developed, including pregabalin.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

25.

Rufinamide for generalized seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Author: GlauserT, KlugerG, SachdeoR, KraussG, PerdomoC, ArroyoS

Improved seizure severity
Reduced seizure frequency
Somnolence
Vomiting

Rufinamide was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

26.

Clobazam as an add-on in the management of refractory epilepsy.

Author: MichaelB, MarsonA G

Reduced seizure frequency
Side effects

Clobazam may be an effective add-on treatment for reducing seizure frequency in patients with drug-refractory partial or generalized onset seizures. However, the optimal time frame for treatment is unclear, and further research is needed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

27.

Ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine in childhood absence epilepsy.

Author: GlauserTracy A, CnaanAvital, ShinnarShlomo, HirtzDeborah G, DlugosDennis, MasurDavid, ClarkPeggy O, CapparelliEdmund V, AdamsonPeter C,

Ethosuximide effective epilepsy
Valproic acid effective epilepsy
Valproic acid attentional dysfunction

Ethosuximide and valproic acid were found to be more effective than lamotrigine in the treatment of childhood absence epilepsy, with similar success rates between ethosuximide and valproic acid. Ethosuximide was associated with fewer attentional side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

28.

Eslicarbazepine acetate add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: ChangXian-Chao, YuanHai, WangYi, XuHui-Qin, ZhengRong-Yuan

Add-on treatment for epilepsy

This review summarized current evidence on eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

29.

Progesterone vs placebo therapy for women with epilepsy: A randomized clinical trial.

Author: HerzogA G, FowlerK M, SmithsonS D, KalayjianL A, HeckC N, SperlingM R, LiporaceJ D, HardenC L, DworetzkyB A, PennellP B, MassaroJ M,

Reduced seizure frequency
Increased risk of perimenstrual seizure exacerbation
Ineffective for most women

Cyclic progesterone was ineffective in women with intractable partial epilepsy. However, post hoc analysis suggested that a subset of women with higher levels of perimenstrual seizure exacerbation responded to treatment.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

30.

Melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy.

Author: BrigoFrancesco, Del FeliceAlexandra

Improved epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy is a common condition affecting about 30% of patients despite treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). While combining multiple medications can be effective, it often leads to unwanted side effects. The study highlights the need for better-tolerated AEDs and suggests that melatonin, a natural hormone, might be a promising alternative, based on its potential anti-seizure effects and good safety profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

31.

Clinical efficacy and safety of the newer antiepileptic drugs as adjunctive treatment in adults with refractory partial-onset epilepsy: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.

Author: GaoLan, XiaLi, ZhaoFei-Li, LiShu-Chuen

POS treatment efficacy
Adverse effects

Newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may be more effective than placebo for treating partial-onset seizures, but they are also associated with a higher incidence of adverse effects. Brivaracetam and Retigabine/Ezogabine may be more effective than other newer AEDs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

32.

Levetiracetam add-on for drug-resistant focal epilepsy: an updated Cochrane Review.

Author: MbizvoGashirai K, DixonPete, HuttonJane L, MarsonAnthony G

Control drug-resistant epilepsy

This review summarizes current evidence on levetiracetam, a new antiepileptic drug, as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant focal epilepsy. It updates a 2001 Cochrane Review, providing information on the effectiveness and safety of levetiracetam for this specific patient group.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

33.

Comparison of therapeutic effects between selective amygdalohippocampectomy and anterior temporal lobectomy for the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy: a meta-analysis.

Author: KuangYongqin, YangTao, GuJianwen, KongBin, ChengLin

Seizure control
Verbal memory improvement

There is no statistical difference in the therapeutic effects between selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) and anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) in the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

34.

Zonisamide add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: CarmichaelKatie, PulmanJennifer, LakhanShaheen Emmanuel, ParikhPrachi, MarsonAnthony G

Reduced seizures

While most individuals with epilepsy have a good prognosis and well-controlled seizures with a single antiepileptic agent, up to 30% develop refractory epilepsy, particularly those with partial seizures. This review summarizes current evidence on zonisamide as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

35.

Pregabalin add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: PulmanJennifer, HemmingKarla, MarsonAnthony G

Pregabalin for epilepsy

This review updates a previous Cochrane review on the effectiveness of pregabalin for treating epilepsy. While new antiepileptic drugs have been developed, limited evidence supports pregabalin's efficacy in this context.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

36.

Early add-on treatment vs alternative monotherapy in patients with partial epilepsy.

Author: SemahFranck, ThomasPierre, CoulbautSafia, DeramburePhilippe

Similar efficacy

Alternative monotherapy or early add-on treatment with a second antiepileptic drug (AED) resulted in similar efficacy in patients with partial seizures intractable to the first AED.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

37.

Deep brain and cortical stimulation for epilepsy.

Author: SprengersMathieu, VonckKristl, CarretteEvelien, MarsonAnthony G, BoonPaul

Improved epilepsy control
Neurostimulation complications

Many epilepsy patients experience uncontrolled seizures despite optimal medical treatment, including surgery. This review discusses the potential benefits of invasive intracranial neurostimulation, including deep brain stimulation (DBS) and cortical stimulation, as treatment options.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

38.

Multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a randomized clinical trial.

Author: LaFranceW Curt, BairdGrayson L, BarryJohn J, BlumAndrew S, Frank WebbAnne, KeitnerGabor I, MachanJason T, MillerIvan, SzaflarskiJerzy P,

Conversion disorder
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

This research addresses the lack of controlled treatment trials for conversion disorder, specifically seizure type (psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, PNES). PNES is as disabling as epilepsy, but is often inadequately addressed by mental health professionals. The study highlights the need for more research on effective treatments for PNES.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

39.

Comparison of antiepileptic drugs, no treatment, or placebo for children with benign epilepsy with centro temporal spikes.

Author: TanHui Jeen, SinghJaspal, GuptaRajat, de GoedeChristian

Good prognosis
Subtle cognitive impairment

Benign Epilepsy with Centro Temporal Spikes (BECTS) is a common childhood epilepsy syndrome that typically remits by adolescence. It is characterized by focal seizures with motor and somatosensory symptoms, sometimes progressing to generalized seizures. Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are prescribed for frequent or daytime seizures.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

40.

Perceptions of epilepsy surgery: a systematic review and an explanatory model of decision-making.

Author: DewarSandra R, PietersHuibrie C

Epilepsy treatment

While surgery is the best treatment for epilepsy that doesn't respond to medication, only a small percentage of eligible patients undergo surgery. Early referral to a specialized epilepsy center is recommended, but patients often live with disabling seizures for many years before considering surgery. The reasons for this delay in seeking treatment are not fully understood.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

41.

Treatment registry in focal epilepsy (TRIP): multicenter observational study in Lebanon.

Author: BeydounAhmad, SawayaMarie-Thérèse, AlamEmile, HmaimessGhassan, EzzeddineKamel, YounesFariha

Seizure management

This observational study examines remission and retention rates in patients newly or recently diagnosed with focal epilepsy who received a single antiepileptic drug (AED) as monotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

42.

Lacosamide add-on therapy for partial epilepsy.

Author: WestonJennifer, ShukrallaArif, McKayAndrew J, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

About half of people with epilepsy don't stop having seizures with their first medication, and many need additional medications. While multiple combinations of drugs are sometimes tried, about a third of people don't achieve complete seizure control. Lacosamide is a new medication that's been approved for use alongside other medications for partial seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

43.

Treatment of electrical status epilepticus in sleep: A pooled analysis of 575 cases.

Author: van den MunckhofBart, van DeeViolet, SagiLiora, CaraballoRoberto H, VeggiottiPierangelo, LiukkonenElina, LoddenkemperTobias, Sánchez FernándezIván, BuzatuMarga, BulteauChristine, BraunKees P J, JansenFloor E

Treatment for ESES

This study aimed to review current evidence for various treatment regimens in children with ESES syndrome, a pediatric epilepsy syndrome characterized by sleep-induced epileptic discharges and cognitive or behavioral impairments, with the goal of improving cognitive outcomes.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

44.

Subpial transection surgery for epilepsy.

Author: KrishnaiahBalaji, RamaratnamSridharan, RanganathanLakshmi Narasimhan

Refractory epilepsy treatment

While many medications are available for epilepsy, about 30% of people still have seizures despite trying multiple treatments. Surgery may be an option for those who don't respond to medication, especially for children, as earlier surgery could improve development. One type of surgery is called subpial transection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

45.

Evidence on Use of Neuroimaging for Surgical Treatment of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.

Author: JonesAmy L, CascinoGregory D

Drug-resistant focal epilepsy treatment

MRI scans showing hippocampal atrophy are strongly associated with a favorable outcome for temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. PET scans may be helpful for individuals with unremarkable MRI findings. SPECT scans have not been shown to be important for predicting outcomes in temporal lobe surgery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

46.

Melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy.

Author: BrigoFrancesco, IgweStanley C

Melatonin for epilepsy

This updated Cochrane review examines the use of melatonin as an antiepileptic medication. While many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are available, 30% of patients continue to have seizures. The study investigates melatonin's potential role as a better-tolerated AED, particularly for patients who do not respond well to conventional treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

47.

[Effectiveness of a ketogenic diet in children with refractory epilepsy: a systematic review].

Author: Araya-QuintanillaF, Celis-RosatiA, Rodriguez-LeivaC, Silva-NavarroC, Silva-PintoY, Toro-JeriaB

Seizure reduction

The ketogenic diet may be more effective than the medium-chain triglyceride diet, the gradual diet, and the Atkins diet in reducing the frequency of seizures in patients with refractory epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : Spanish

48.

Melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy.

Author: BrigoFrancesco, IgweStanley C, Del FeliceAlessandra

Better tolerated AEDs
Metabolic alteration
Neurological disturbances
Psychiatric and behavioral symptoms

This updated Cochrane review examined the use of melatonin as an antiepileptic medication. While many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are available, 30% of patients continue to have seizures. The study investigates melatonin's potential role as a better-tolerated AED, particularly for patients who do not respond well to conventional treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

49.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy.

Author: ChenRicky, SpencerDavid C, WestonJennifer, NolanSarah J

Reduced cortical excitability

This study reviewed the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a non-invasive therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

50.

The experiences of people living with epilepsy in developing countries: a systematic review of qualitative evidence.

Author: TanyweAsahngwa, MatchaweChelea, FernandezRitin

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy is a common condition affecting millions of people worldwide, especially in developing countries where access to treatment is limited. While current treatments focus on clinical management, the experiences of those living with epilepsy are often overlooked.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

51.

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Author: Sarmento VasconcelosVivian, MacedoCristiane R, de Souza PedrosaAlexsandra, Pereira Gomes MoraisEdna, PorfírioGustavo J M, TorloniMaria R

Seizure control
Bleeding risk

This review examined the use of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplements for the treatment of refractory epilepsy, considering inconsistent results and potential risks.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

52.

Effect of anticonvulsive treatment on neuropsychological performance in children with BECTS.

Author: TackeMoritz, GerstlLucia, HeinenFlorian, HeukaeuferIsabel, BonfertMichaela, BastThomas, CornellSonia, NeubauerBernd Axel, BorggraefeIngo,

BECTS treatment

Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is a common type of epilepsy in children. While seizures are a key symptom, children may also experience learning difficulties, behavior problems, and cognitive issues. There is no clear agreement on whether to treat BECTS in children, and the impact of treatment on cognitive function is still being studied.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

53.

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review.

Author: NolanSarah J, Tudur SmithCatrin, WestonJennifer, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment
None mentioned

This Cochrane review updated the 2006 version and synthesizes evidence on the efficacy and tolerability of carbamazepine and lamotrigine for the treatment of new onset partial seizures and generalised tonic-clonic seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

54.

WITHDRAWN: Oxcarbazepine add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: CastilloSergio M, SchmidtDieter B, WhiteSarah, ShukrallaArif

This review examines the use of oxcarbazepine as an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. The study summarizes current evidence on the effectiveness of oxcarbazepine in this specific patient group.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

55.

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review.

Author: NolanSarah J, SudellMaria, Tudur SmithCatrin, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition causing seizures. With effective medication, up to 70% of people with epilepsy can become seizure-free and stay that way. Choosing the right medication for newly diagnosed seizures is crucial. This review examines the evidence for topiramate and carbamazepine, two commonly used medications, to help inform decisions about the best treatment options based on their effectiveness and side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

56.

Seizure Outcomes in Occipital Lobe and Posterior Quadrant Epilepsy Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: HarwardStephen C, ChenWilliam C, RolstonJohn D, HaglundMichael M, EnglotDario J

This research examines the use of surgical resection for treating occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE). The study highlights the need for more research to understand the effectiveness of this approach, particularly for patients with refractory seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

57.

Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Author: NevittSarah J, SudellMaria, WestonJennifer, Tudur SmithCatrin, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy affects about 1% of people worldwide. Most people become seizure-free with medication. Current guidelines in the UK recommend carbamazepine or lamotrigine for partial seizures and sodium valproate for generalized seizures, but there are many other epilepsy medications. More research is needed to compare the effectiveness of different medications to help guide treatment choices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

58.

Newer antiepileptic drugs compared to levetiracetam as adjunctive treatments for uncontrolled focal epilepsy: An indirect comparison.

Author: ZhuLi-Na, ChenDeng, XuDa, TanGe, WangHai-Jiao, LiuLing

Focal epilepsy treatment

This study aims to compare the efficacy and tolerability of newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), including eslicarbazepine (ESL), lacosamide (LAC), perampanel (PER), and brivaracetam (BRV), to levetiracetam (LEV) when used as add-on treatments for uncontrolled focal epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

59.

Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Author: NevittSarah J, SudellMaria, WestonJennifer, Tudur SmithCatrin, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy affects about 1% of people worldwide. Most people become seizure-free with medication. Current guidelines in the UK recommend carbamazepine or lamotrigine for partial seizures and sodium valproate for generalized seizures, but there are many other epilepsy medications. More research is needed to compare the effectiveness of different medications to help guide treatment choices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

60.

Evidence on the efficacy of primary radiosurgery or stereotactic radiotherapy for drug-resistant non-neoplastic focal epilepsy in adults: A systematic review.

Author: EekersDaniëlle B P, PijnappelEsther N, SchijnsOlaf E M G, ColonAlbert, HoebenAnn, ZindlerJaap D, PostmaAlida A, HoffmannAswin L, LambinPhilippe, TroostEsther G C

Improved epilepsy treatment

While most people with epilepsy respond to medications, 20-40% don't and may need surgery. Surgery isn't always possible, so this review examines the use of radiation therapy to treat epilepsy that doesn't respond to medication. The review looks at how effective radiation is in reducing seizures and its long-term side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

61.

Treatment, Therapy and Management of Metabolic Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.

Author: Lin Lin LeeVanessa, Kar Meng ChooBrandon, ChungYin-Sir, P KundapUday, KumariYatinesh, ShaikhMohd Farooq

Reduced seizure frequency

This systematic review summarizes available treatment options for metabolic epilepsy, emphasizing the need to address the root cause of the metabolic disturbances rather than solely targeting the epilepsy phenotype.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

62.

Surgical versus medical treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: LiuJin-Tao, LiuBei, ZhangHua

Epilepsy treatment

This systematic review compared the overall outcomes of surgery and medical treatment in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, highlighting the need for a comprehensive comparison of these two approaches.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

63.

Lamotrigine versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review.

Author: NevittSarah J, Tudur SmithCatrin, WestonJennifer, MarsonAnthony G

Seizure control

A Cochrane Review of the correct choice of first-line antiepileptic drug (AED) for individuals with newly diagnosed seizures found that carbamazepine or lamotrigine are recommended as first-line treatments for new onset focal seizures and as a first- or second-line treatment for generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

64.

Randomized controlled trials of antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of post-stroke seizures: A systematic review with network meta-analysis.

Author: BrigoF, LattanziS, ZelanoJ, BragazziN L, BelcastroV, NardoneR, TrinkaE

Better tolerated than CR-CBZ
LEV associated with more AEs than LTG
No significant difference in seizure freedom

Levetiracetam (LEV) and lamotrigine (LTG) were compared with controlled-release carbamazepine (CR-CBZ) for post-stroke epilepsy. No significant differences in seizure freedom were found between the AEDs, but LEV and LTG had lower adverse effect rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

65.

Quality of Life After Epilepsy Surgery in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: MaragkosGeorgios A, GeropoulosGeorgios, KechagiasKonstantinos, ZiogasIoannis A, MylonasKonstantinos S

Improved pediatric epilepsy surgery outcomes

This study evaluates the postoperative quality of life for children who have undergone pediatric epilepsy surgery, as previous research has mainly focused on seizure freedom.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

66.

Antiepileptic therapy approaches in KCNQ2 related epilepsy: A systematic review.

Author: KuerstenM, TackeM, GerstlL, HoelzH, StülpnagelC V, BorggraefeI

Developmental delay
KCNQ2 related disorders
Refractory seizures

KCNQ2 related disorders cause both benign seizures and severe epilepsy. Patients with severe epilepsy often have seizures that are difficult to control with standard medications and may have developmental delays. There is limited research on how to treat KCNQ2 related epilepsy, particularly in larger groups of patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

67.

Felbamate add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: ShiLi Li, BresnahanRebecca, Martin-McGillKirsty J, DongJianCheng, NiHengJian, GengJinSong

Improved epilepsy treatment

This updated Cochrane Review examines the use of felbamate, a second-generation antiepileptic drug, as add-on therapy for people with epilepsy whose seizures are resistant to standard antiepileptic drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

68.

Oxcarbazepine add-on for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: BresnahanRebecca, Atim-OlukMargaret, MarsonAnthony G

Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy, a disorder causing seizures, is difficult to control in about 30% of patients, requiring multiple medications. This study explores the use of oxcarbazepine, a medication related to another common anti-seizure drug, as an additional treatment for people with epilepsy who don't respond well to existing medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

69.

Investigatory pathway and principles of patient selection for epilepsy surgery candidates: a systematic review.

Author: Ghaffari-RafiArash, Leon-RojasJose

Epilepsy surgery

This systematic review aims to elucidate the diagnostic pathways clinicians globally utilize for epilepsy surgery candidates. The study highlights the lack of broadly accepted criteria for patient selection for epilepsy surgery, despite the 2009 American Epilepsy Society guidelines.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

70.

Lamotrigine add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: PanebiancoMariangela, BresnahanRebecca, RamaratnamSridharan, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

This review looks at the use of lamotrigine, an anti-seizure medication, as an additional treatment for epilepsy that doesn't respond well to other medications. While lamotrigine can reduce seizures, it can also have side effects. This updated review provides new information on lamotrigine's effectiveness and potential side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

71.

Vigabatrin add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: BresnahanRebecca, GianatsiMyrsini, MaguireMelissa J, Tudur SmithCatrin, MarsonAnthony G

Improved epilepsy treatment

This Cochrane Review examines the use of vigabatrin, an antiepileptic drug licensed for drug-resistant epilepsy, in patients with epilepsy who are not responding to standard treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

72.

An Insight into Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Epileptogenesis.

Author: SinghShareen, SinghThakur Gurjeet, RehniAshish Kumar

Epilepsy treatment
Neuroprotection
Drug resistance
Therapeutic failure

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disease with poorly understood underlying mechanisms. This review explores the molecular and system biology mechanisms involved in epileptogenesis, highlighting the role of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and epigenetic modification.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

73.

Prevention of Epilepsy in Infants with Tuberous Sclerosis Complex in the EPISTOP Trial.

Author: KotulskaKatarzyna, KwiatkowskiDavid J, CuratoloPaolo, WeschkeBernhard, RineyKate, JansenFloor, FeuchtMartha, KrsekPavel, NabboutRima, JansenAnna C, WojdanKonrad, SijkoKamil, Głowacka-WalasJagoda, BorkowskaJulita, SadowskiKrzysztof, Domańska-PakiełaDorota, MoaveroRomina, HertzbergChristoph, HulshofHanna, SchollTheresa, BenovaBarbora, AronicaEleonora, de RidderJessie, LagaeLieven, JóźwiakSergiusz,

Reduced epilepsy severity

Epilepsy develops in a majority of children with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and is often resistant to medication. The EPISTOP clinical trial aimed to compare preventive versus conventional antiepileptic treatment in infants with TSC.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

75.

Epilepsy Outcome at Four Years in a Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Oral Prednisolone and Intramuscular ACTH in West Syndrome.

Author: WanigasingheJithangi, ArambepolaCarukshi, RanganathanShalini Sri, JayasundaraKasun, WeerasingheAshangi, WickramarachchiPiyumi

Seizure control
Epilepsy

Most children diagnosed with West syndrome continue to have seizures at age four years, but most are controlled on antiseizure medication. The long-term risk of developing epilepsy or its control was the same, regardless of whether ACTH or prednisolone was initially used as treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

76.

Transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy.

Author: WaltonDean, SpencerDavid C, NevittSarah J, MichaelBenedict D

Reduced cortical excitability

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), a non-invasive therapy that uses magnetic pulses to stimulate or inhibit brain activity, is being studied as a potential treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

77.

Pharmacological Medical Treatment of Epilepsy in Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Author: MusaeusChristian S, NilssonChrister, CooperChris, KrambergerMilica G, VerdelhoAna, StefanovaElka, ReligaDorota, WaldemarGunhild, FrederiksenKristian S

Cognitive impairment
Drowsiness

Patients with dementia have an increased risk of developing epilepsy, particularly those with vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease. This paper examines the considerations for choosing the optimal anti-epileptic drug (AED) in dementia patients, balancing effectiveness with potential side effects and co-morbidities.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

78.

Lamotrigine versus levetiracetam or zonisamide for focal epilepsy and valproate versus levetiracetam for generalised and unclassified epilepsy: two SANAD II non-inferiority RCTs.

Author: MarsonAnthony G, BurnsideGirvan, AppletonRichard, SmithDave, LeachJohn Paul, SillsGraeme, Tudur-SmithCatrin, PlumptonCatrin O, HughesDyfrig A, WilliamsonPaula R, BakerGus, BalabanovaSilviya, TaylorClaire, BrownRichard, HindleyDan, HowellStephen, MaguireMelissa, MohanrajRajiv, SmithPhilip Em

Focal epilepsy treatment
Generalized epilepsy treatment
Uncertain cost-effectiveness
Uncertain effectiveness

Levetiracetam and zonisamide are licensed as monotherapy for focal epilepsy, with levetiracetam increasingly used for generalized epilepsy, particularly for women of childbearing age. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding their clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness as first-line treatments.

Equivalence TrialA clinical trial designed to show that a new treatment is equivalent in efficacy/safety to an existing treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

79.

The efficacy of lamotrigine after failure of the first administration of valproate in treating epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: HeJia, WuXueying, ZhouDong

Lamotrigine for epilepsy

This meta-analysis examined the efficacy of lamotrigine in treating epilepsy. Epilepsy is a chronic brain disorder that can significantly impact individuals and society. Effective and timely treatment is crucial for managing epilepsy and improving quality of life.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

80.

Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Author: NevittSarah J, SudellMaria, CividiniSofia, MarsonAnthony G, Tudur SmithCatrin

Epilepsy treatment

This updated review examines the effectiveness of various anti-seizure medications for treating epilepsy. While many people with epilepsy achieve seizure-free periods, a variety of medications are available, and more research is needed to understand which medications are most effective for different types of seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

81.

Felbamate add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: ShiLi Li, BresnahanRebecca, Martin-McGillKirsty J, DongJianCheng, NiHengJian, GengJinSong

Felbamate for epilepsy

This updated Cochrane Review examines the use of felbamate as an add-on therapy for epilepsy. Felbamate is a second-generation antiepileptic drug used to manage seizures that are resistant to standard treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

82.

Characteristics of people with epilepsy in three Eastern African countries - a pooled analysis.

Author: StelzleDominik, KaducuJoyce, SchmidtVeronika, WelteTamara M, NgowiBernard J, MatujaWilliam, EscheuGabrielle, HaukePeter, RichterVivien, OvugaEmilio, PfauslerBettina, SchmutzhardErich, AmosAction, HarrisonWendy, KellerLuise, WinklerAndrea S

Epilepsy treatment
Ischemic strokes
Neurocysticercosis

This study pooled data from four cross-sectional studies on epilepsy in eastern Africa. The results showed that epilepsy is common in the region, often caused by neurocysticercosis or ischemic strokes. A significant proportion of patients experience tonic-clonic seizures and suffer from socio-economic consequences due to insufficient anti-seizure medication (ASM) treatment. The study highlights the need for improved access to ASM and comprehensive epilepsy care in sub-Saharan Africa.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

83.

Early surgical approaches in pediatric epilepsy - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: FrankNicole Alexandra, GreuterLadina, GuzmanRaphael, SolemanJehuda

Early epilepsy surgery in children

This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the potential benefits of early epilepsy surgery in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy surgery is an option for managing seizures that don't respond to medication.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

84.

Cost-effectiveness of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment in patients with drug-refractory epilepsy: A systematic review.

Author: KitschenAnne, Aleknonytė-ReschMilda, SakalytėGabija, DiederichFreya

Cost-effective
Effective treatment
Costly treatment

Surgery is a potentially effective but costly treatment for drug-refractory epilepsy. This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence on the cost-effectiveness of surgical treatment compared to medical treatment.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

85.

Effect of add-on melatonin on seizure outcomes and quality of sleep in epilepsy with idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone in adult patients: Cross-sectional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Author: MaghbooliMehdi, Alyan NajafAbadiSomayeh, MalekMahmoudiGhazal, MolseghiMohammad Hadi

Epilepsy severity reduction
Sleep quality improvement

This cross-over clinical trial investigated the effectiveness of melatonin in patients with idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic seizures (EGTCS) under valproic acid treatment. Melatonin was effective in reducing the severity of epilepsy and improving sleep quality, suggesting its potential as an adjunctive therapy for EGTCS.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

86.

Perampanel add-on for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: BresnahanRebecca, HillRuaraidh A, WangJin

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy affects many people, and around 30% don't respond well to standard medications. Perampanel is a newer drug that's being studied as an additional treatment for those with epilepsy that doesn't improve with other medications.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

87.

Neuromodulation in new-onset refractory status epilepticus.

Author: StavropoulosIoannis, KhawJin Han, ValentinAntonio

High morbidity
High mortality

New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) and febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) are severe conditions with high mortality and morbidity. Despite treatment guidelines, a significant percentage of patients have poor outcomes.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

88.

Gabapentin monotherapy for epilepsy: A review.

Author: ZiganshinaLiliya Eugenevna, AbakumovaTatyana, HoyleCharles H V

Epilepsy treatment

Gabapentin is a potential monotherapy treatment for focal epilepsy, both newly diagnosed and drug-resistant, but more research is needed.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

90.

Efficacy and Safety of XEN1101, a Novel Potassium Channel Opener, in Adults With Focal Epilepsy: A Phase 2b Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: FrenchJacqueline A, PorterRoger J, PeruccaEmilio, BrodieMartin J, RogawskiMichael A, PimstoneSimon, AycardiErnesto, HardenCynthia, QianJenny, Luzon RosenblutConstanza, KenneyChristopher, BeatchGregory N

Seizure reduction

This phase 2b clinical trial found that XEN1101, a novel potassium channel opener, was associated with seizure reduction in patients with focal-onset seizures (FOSs) in a dose-response manner. The drug was generally well tolerated and had a safety profile similar to commonly prescribed antiseizure medications.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

91.

Immunomodulatory interventions for focal epilepsy.

Author: PanebiancoMariangela, WalkerLauren, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

This updated review examines the potential role of immunomodulatory interventions for treating epilepsy. While medications remain the first-line treatment, approximately 30% of individuals with epilepsy don't achieve seizure remission with drugs. The review explores the potential for targeting inflammatory pathways involved in epilepsy.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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