Effects of etodolac: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Key Research Findings

Etodolac has been shown to be an effective analgesic in numerous clinical trials. 15 6 7 24 10 19 2 20 25 3 11 26 8 21 17 12 4 9 13 16 23 22 5 18 1 14

Etodolac was at least as effective as aspirin and acetaminophen plus codeine in relieving postsurgical pain. 15 Etodolac also showed comparable analgesic efficacy to naproxen, diclofenac, and piroxicam for acute gouty arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders. 15

Etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, has been shown to have chemopreventive effects on chemically induced intraductal papillary carcinoma of the pancreas in hamsters. 6 This effect is thought to be due to the suppression of epithelial cell proliferation in the main pancreatic duct. 6 Additionally, etodolac has been shown to inhibit the development of colitis-associated tumors in p53-deficient mice. 26

Etodolac appears to have a favorable safety profile compared to other NSAIDs, with less impact on the gastrointestinal tract. 10 19 12 This is attributed to its ability to selectively spare cytoprotective prostaglandins. 10

While etodolac is generally well-tolerated, it may have some potential renal effects in certain individuals. 24 11 However, etodolac is considered to have fewer renal side effects compared to other NSAIDs. 11

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Etodolac is a valuable analgesic for a variety of pain conditions, including postsurgical pain, acute gouty arthritis, and acute musculoskeletal pain. 15 It may also have beneficial effects on maintaining the health of articular cartilage. 7 Furthermore, etodolac has shown promise in preventing certain types of cancer, such as pancreatic cancer and colitis-associated cancer. 6 26

Risk Summary

Etodolac generally has less impact on the gastrointestinal tract compared to other NSAIDs, but it may still cause side effects like gastric ulcers in some individuals. 10 19 12 Additionally, etodolac may have potential renal effects in some cases. 24 11

Comparison Across Studies

Study Similarities

Several studies consistently demonstrate that etodolac is an effective analgesic for a range of pain conditions. 15 7 6 26 21 Furthermore, multiple studies suggest that etodolac has a favorable gastrointestinal safety profile compared to other NSAIDs. 10 19 12

Study Differences

While some research suggests that etodolac may have beneficial effects on maintaining articular cartilage health, other studies haven't demonstrated this effect. 7 Additionally, some studies have identified potential renal effects of etodolac, while others haven't shown this association. 24 11

Consistency and Contradictions in Findings

The majority of studies consistently show etodolac to be an effective analgesic for a wide range of pain conditions. 15 However, the evidence regarding its effects on articular cartilage health is inconclusive, with some studies suggesting a positive impact and others not demonstrating this benefit. 7 Furthermore, more research is needed to fully understand the potential renal effects of etodolac, as some studies have identified this as a possible side effect. 24 11

Considerations for Real-World Application

Etodolac can be a valuable analgesic for managing various pain conditions, but it's important to be aware of its potential side effects, such as gastric ulcers and potential renal impact. 10 19 12 24 11 Always follow your doctor's instructions when taking etodolac and discuss any concerns or questions you may have. 15

Limitations of Current Research

The long-term effects and safety of etodolac need further investigation, as the current research base is limited. 15 Additionally, more research is necessary to definitively determine the impact of etodolac on articular cartilage health. 7

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on long-term studies evaluating the safety and effectiveness of etodolac, as well as on studies that delve deeper into its effects on articular cartilage. 15 7

Conclusion

Etodolac has been demonstrated to be an effective analgesic for a range of pain conditions in multiple clinical trials. 15 However, it's important to be aware of its potential side effects, including gastric ulcers and possible renal implications. 10 19 12 24 11 Always consult with your doctor before taking etodolac and discuss any questions or concerns you may have. 15

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
21
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
5
Article Type
5
0
0
2
26
1.

Double-blind evaluation of etodolac (200 mg, 400 mg) compared with zomepirac (100 mg) and placebo on third molar extraction pain.

Author: ScottR, EllisE, UptonL G

Analgesia
None reported

Etodolac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, showed significant analgesic effects in patients with pain compared to placebo. Both 200mg and 400mg doses of etodolac were equally effective and comparable to zomepirac. Both doses were well-tolerated with no serious side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Effects of etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on the expression of E-cadherin-catenin complexes in gastrointestinal cell lines.

Author: NodaMasao, TatsumiYoichi, TomizawaMuneta, TakamaTakafumi, MitsufujiShoji, SugiharaHiroyuki, KashimaKei, HattoriTakanori

Cancer cell proliferation

This study evaluated the effect of a COX-2 inhibitor on the proliferation and expression of E-cadherin-complexes in gastrointestinal cancer cell lines. COX-2 inhibitors may affect cell proliferation by modulating the cadherin-catenin complex, which plays a role in cell adhesion and proliferation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Chemopreventive effects of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (etodolac) on chemically induced intraductal papillary carcinoma of the pancreas in hamsters.

Author: AdachiTomohiko, TajimaYoshitsugu, KurokiTamotsu, MishimaTakehiro, KitasatoAmane, TsuneokaNoritsugu, KanematsuTakashi

Cancer prevention

Etodolac, a medication used to relieve pain and inflammation, may help to prevent pancreatic cancer in hamsters. Etodolac was found to reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer in hamsters exposed to a known cancer-causing agent.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Etodolac: efficacy in osteoarthritis and effects on chondrocyte function.

Author: BaconP A

Effective for osteoarthritis
No damage to articular cartilage
Pain relief
Preserved collagen phenotype

Etodolac is an effective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for osteoarthritis that may have the potential advantage of not damaging articular cartilage. It is more effective than placebo and as effective as aspirin, piroxicam, naproxen, and diclofenac in relieving symptoms.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Antitumor effects of etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-II inhibitor, against human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo.

Author: ShigemuraKatsumi, ShirakawaToshiro, WadaYoshitaka, KamidonoSadao, FujisawaMasato, GotohAkinobu

Antitumor effect

Etodolac, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, exhibited an antitumor effect on prostate cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. It may be useful for the treatment of hormone-resistant prostate cancer.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

Endoscopic evaluation of etodolac and naproxen, and their relative effects on gastric and duodenal prostaglandins.

Author: RussellR I

Effective for rheumatoid arthritis
Good GI safety
Less gastric and duodenal injury

Etodolac has a favorable safety profile in short-term and long-term studies in both osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It causes less gastric and duodenal injury than naproxen, potentially due to selective sparing of cytoprotective prostaglandins.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

11.

A comparison of the effects of etodolac and ibuprofen on renal haemodynamics, tubular function, renin, vasopressin and urinary excretion of albumin and alpha-glutathione-S-transferase in healthy subjects: a placebo-controlled cross-over study.

Author: SvendsenK B, BechJ N, SørensenT B, PedersenE B

Anti-inflammatory effect
Nephrotoxicity

This study investigated the nephrotoxicity of NSAIDs with different selectivity for COX-1 and COX-2. Etodolac, a COX-2 selective NSAID, may have fewer renal side effects than ibuprofen, a COX-1 selective NSAID.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

12.

A double-blind gastroscopic evaluation of the effects of etodolac and naproxen on the gastrointestinal mucosa of rheumatic patients.

Author: Bianchi PorroG, CarusoI, PetrilloM, MontroneF, ArdizzoneS

Effective arthritis treatment
Low gastric damage
Dyspepsia
Gastric lesions

Etodolac, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was found to be at least as effective as naproxen in relieving rheumatic symptoms, but caused significantly less gastric damage. In a study of 48 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 15% of etodolac-treated patients experienced gastric mucosal lesions compared to 46% of patients treated with naproxen. Etodolac also caused less dyspepsia (15% vs 38%).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

15.

Etodolac: analgesic effects in musculoskeletal and postoperative pain.

Author: PenaM

Effective for acute gouty arthritis
Effective for acute musculoskeletal disorders
Effective for postsurgical pain
Pain relief

Etodolac is an effective pain reliever for a variety of conditions. It was found to be as effective as aspirin and acetaminophen plus codeine for postsurgical pain relief. It also showed significant improvement in patients with acute gouty arthritis, and its analgesic efficacy was comparable to naproxen, diclofenac or piroxicam for acute musculoskeletal disorders.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

Preventive effects of etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on cancer development in extensive metaplastic gastritis, a Helicobacter pylori-negative precancerous lesion.

Author: YanaokaKimihiko, OkaMasashi, YoshimuraNoriko, DeguchiHisanobu, MukoubayashiChizu, EnomotoShotaro, MaekitaTakao, InoueIzumi, UedaKazuki, UtsunomiyaHirotoshi, IguchiMikitaka, TamaiHideyuki, FujishiroMitsuhiro, NakamuraYasushi, TsukamotoTetsuya, InadaKenichi, TakeshitaTatsuya, IchinoseMasao

Cancer prevention

This study explored the potential of etodolac, a medication commonly used for pain and inflammation, to prevent the development of new gastric cancers after early gastric cancer removal. The study found that etodolac was effective in reducing the risk of new cancers in patients with extensive metaplastic gastritis, a condition that increases the risk of future cancers.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

17.

Evaluation of the efficacy and comparative effects on gastric and duodenal mucosa of etodolac and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using endoscopy.

Author: TahaA S, McLaughlinS, SturrockR D, RussellR I

Antiarthritic effect
Gastrointestinal side effects

Etodolac and naproxen had similar antiarthritic effects, but etodolac was better tolerated in the upper gastrointestinal tract, with fewer mucosal lesions.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

In vivo effects of carprofen, deracoxib, and etodolac on prostanoid production in blood, gastric mucosa, and synovial fluid in dogs with chronic osteoarthritis.

Author: SessionsJohn K, ReynoldsLisa R, BudsbergSteven C

COX-1 sparing
Symptom relief

Carprofen and deracoxib are COX-1-sparing drugs that suppress PGE2 concentrations in blood. Etodolac appears to be COX-1 sparing but may have variable effects on COX-2 depending on the tissue.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

19.

The gastroduodenal effects of buffered aspirin, carprofen, and etodolac in healthy dogs.

Author: ReimerM E, JohnstonS A, LeibM S, DuncanR B, ReimerD C, MariniM, GimbertK

Gastroduodenal lesions

Twenty-four healthy mixed-breed dogs were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 received a placebo, group 2 received buffered aspirin, group 3 received carprofen, and group 4 received etodolac. All treatments continued for 28 consecutive days. Erosions and submucosal hemorrhages were seen in all dogs receiving aspirin. Only minor gastric lesions were observed in the carprofen, etodolac, and control groups.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Inhibitory effects of etodolac, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, on the occurrence of tumors in colitis-induced tumorigenesis model in rats.

Author: TakedaJun, KitajimaKazuaki, FujiiShigehiko, HoriuchiHideki, HoriHiroshige, ChibanaYoko, OkuyamaTakashi, TominagaKeiichi, IchikawaKazuhito, OnoYuko, TeramotoTadahisa, OhkuraYasuo, ImuraJoji, ShinodaMotoo, ChibaTsutomu, SakamotoChoitsu, KawamataHitoshi, FujimoriTakahiro

Suppression of UC-associated neoplasia

This study investigated the effects of etodolac, a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, on colitis-induced tumorigenesis in rats. The study found that etodolac significantly suppressed the occurrence of aberrant crypt foci and tumors in rats with colitis-induced tumorigenesis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

Anti-inflammatory effects of etodolac: comparison with other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Author: InoueK, FujisawaH, MotonagaA, InoueY, KyoiT, UedaF, KimuraK

Analgesic
Anti-inflammatory
Antipyretic

Etodolac demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects comparable to other NSAIDs in various animal models, indicating its potential as an anti-inflammatory drug.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

23.

Use of force plate analysis to assess the analgesic effects of etodolac in horses with navicular syndrome.

Author: SymondsKelly D, MacAllisterCharles G, ErkertRonald S, PaytonMark E

Effective analgesia

Once-daily oral administration of 23 mg of etodolac/kg appears to provide effective analgesia for as long as 24 hours in horses with navicular syndrome. Twice-daily administration of etodolac at this same dose does not appear to provide any additional analgesic efficacy or duration of effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

25.

Comparison in rats of the anti-inflammatory and gastric irritant effects of etodolac with several clinically effective anti-inflammatory drugs.

Author: MartelR R, KliciusJ

Reduced gastric irritation
Reduced inflammation

Etodolac showed potent anti-inflammatory activity and good gastric tolerance in rats compared to other NSAIDs.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

26.

Inhibitory effects of the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, etodolac, on colitis-associated tumorigenesis in p53-deficient mice treated with dextran sulfate sodium.

Author: MukawaKenichiroh, FujiiShigehiko, TominagaKeiichi, YoshitakeNaoto, AbeAkihito, KonoTokuyuki, SekikawaAkira, FukuiHirokazu, IchikawaKazuhito, TomitaShigeki, ImuraJohji, OnoYuko, ShinodaMotoo, HiraishiHideyuki, FujimoriTakahiro

Colitis-associated tumorigenesis prevention

Etodolac, a COX-2 inhibitor, significantly reduced the occurrence of neoplasia in a colitis-associated tumorigenesis model in p53-deficient mice. This suggests that COX-2 inhibitors may have chemopreventive activity against colitis-associated tumorigenesis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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