Effects of hyoscyamine: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Hyoscyamine is a tropane alkaloid found in plants of the Solanaceae family. It is used to synthesize antidotes, anesthetics, antiemetics, motion sickness drugs, and antispasmodics. 24

Hyoscyamine production relies heavily on extraction from medicinal plants. A highly effective biotechnological approach called elicitation has emerged, offering advantages such as simplicity, low cost, and reduced contamination risk. 24

Elicitation can involve single elicitors like jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), or multiple elicitors used in combination. Recent research has explored magnetic nanoparticles as novel elicitors for boosting hyoscyamine production. 24

A study on Hyoscyamus muticus hairy root cultures investigated the effects of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) expression and cultivation conditions on hyoscyamine production. The study found that maximizing biomass accumulation was achieved with the lowest sucrose concentration. 21 Additionally, the optimum nitrate concentration for growth was higher for the VHb line compared to the control. 21

Another research paper reported a case of anticholinergic intoxication in a child due to accidental ingestion of Datura stramonium, a plant containing hyoscyamine and other alkaloids. The child presented with symptoms like aggression, agitation, delirium, and visual hallucinations. 10

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Hyoscyamine is a valuable compound with applications in medicine, including antidotes, anesthetics, and antispasmodics. 24 It is also used in the treatment of motion sickness. 24

Risk Summary

Hyoscyamine can interact with other medications, potentially increasing side effects. Overdose can lead to poisoning symptoms such as dizziness, vision problems, dry mouth, rapid heartbeat, and breathing difficulties. 10

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities in Studies

Several studies have demonstrated the anticholinergic properties of hyoscyamine. 21 13 15 22 Additionally, research has explored alternative production methods for hyoscyamine using genetic engineering techniques. 13 17 11 16

Differences Between Studies

Studies have highlighted the potential for drug interactions and overdose concerns when using hyoscyamine. 15 22 10 5

Consistency and Contradictions in Findings

Research consistently demonstrates the anticholinergic properties of hyoscyamine. 21 13 15 22 However, the potential for drug interactions and overdose remains a concern. 15 22 10 5

Practical Applications and Considerations

Hyoscyamine is used in medical settings for various conditions. 24 However, it is crucial to use hyoscyamine under the guidance of a healthcare professional and adhere to prescribed dosages. 10

Limitations of Current Research

Further research is needed to explore the potential drug interactions and overdose risks associated with hyoscyamine. 10 5

Future Research Directions

Additional studies are required to fully understand the mechanisms behind drug interactions and overdose scenarios involving hyoscyamine. 10 5

Conclusion

Hyoscyamine, a tropane alkaloid, possesses a range of medicinal applications. 24 While it offers potential benefits, it is essential to be aware of the risks associated with drug interactions and overdosing. 15 22 10 5

When using hyoscyamine, always follow your doctor's instructions and adhere to prescribed dosages. 10 5

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
22
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
3
Article Type
3
0
0
2
26
1.

Tropane Alkaloids: Chemistry, Pharmacology, Biosynthesis and Production.

Author: Kohnen-JohannsenKathrin Laura, KayserOliver

Motion sickness treatment
Nausea treatment
Smooth muscle spasms treatment
Cocaine addiction

Tropane alkaloids are a diverse group of secondary plant metabolites that are used in pharmaceuticals, but some have illicit uses. This review provides an overview of their structure, pharmacology, biosynthesis and production.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

2.

Evaluation of the cholinergic and adrenergic effects of two tropane alkaloids from Erythroxylum pervillei.

Author: ChinYoung-Won, KinghornA Douglas, PatilPopat N

Anticancer activity
Antiadrenergic effects
Anticholinergic effects

Pervilleine A, an aromatic ester tropane alkaloid, has shown promise as a multidrug resistance inhibitor. This study evaluated its cholinergic and adrenergic activities and found it to have weak nonspecific anticholinergic and vascular antiadrenergic activities. This lack of significant receptor-mediated activities may be advantageous for its development as a new adjuvant in cancer chemotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Warm water irrigation for dealing with spasm during colonoscopy: simple, inexpensive, and effective.

Author: ChurchJames M

Colonoscopy procedure

Warm water irrigation was evaluated as an inexpensive technique for overcoming colonic spasm during colonoscopy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Fatal poisoning from ingestion of Datura stramonium seeds.

Author: BoumbaVassiliki A, MitselouAntigony, VougiouklakisTheodore

Death from Datura Stramonium ingestion

This case report describes the death of a 19-year-old male due to Datura stramonium seed ingestion. The case presents the highest blood concentrations of hyoscyamine and scopolamine ever reported, confirming death due to Datura Stramonium seed ingestion.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

[Effects of methyl jasmonate on accumulation and release of main tropane alkaloids in liquid cultures of Datura stramonium hairy root].

Author: SunJi-Wei, ZhangHong, WangFeng-Ying, SunYi-Ming, SunMin

Increased hyoscyamine
Increased scopolamine

Methyl jasmonate (MJ) was found to stimulate the accumulation of scopolamine and hyoscyamine in Datura stramonium hairy root cultures, with the highest concentrations observed 3 and 6 days after treatment. MJ also caused the release of these metabolites into the culture medium.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : Chinese

8.

Urinary antispasmodic use and the risks of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death in older patients.

Author: WangPhilip S, LevinRaisa, ZhaoSean Z, AvornJerry

Sudden death
Ventricular arrhythmias

This study investigates whether the use of urinary antispasmodics increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmias or sudden death. The study found no evidence to support a causal relationship between urinary antispasmodics and these events.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Responses of fungi to tropane alkaloids produced by a medicinal plant Hyoscyamus muticus (Egyptian henbane).

Author: Abdel-MotaalF F, NassarM S M, El-ZayatS A, El-SayedM A, ItoS

Antifungal activity

This study determined the antifungal activity of hyoscyamine (Hcy) and scopolamine (Sco) against fungi associated with H. muticus grown in Egypt and other plants grown in Japan. All 40 fungal strains were tolerant to Sco but sensitive to Hcy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

A case of pediatric age anticholinergic intoxication due to accidental Datura stramonium ingestion admitting with visual hallucination.

Author: ŞanlıdağBurçin, DerinözOkşan, YıldızNagehan

Anticholinergic toxicity
Central nervous system symptoms
Hallucinations

This study reports a case of accidental Datura stramonium (DS) poisoning in an 8-year-old boy who presented with aggression, agitation, delirium, and visual hallucinations. The study highlights the risk of DS poisoning in children and the importance of supportive treatment.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

11.

Effects of different elicitors on yield of tropane alkaloids in hairy roots of Anisodus acutangulus.

Author: KaiGuoyin, YangSheng, ZhangYan, LuoXiuqin, FuXueqing, ZhangAng, XiaoJianbo

Tropane alkaloid production

Ethanol, methyl jasmonate, and Ag+ can improve the production of tropane alkaloids in hairy roots of Anisodus acutangulus. These elicitors increase the expression of certain enzyme genes in the pathway, leading to increased accumulation of tropane alkaloids.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Comparison of two hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylases in engineering scopolamine biosynthesis in root cultures of Scopolia lurida.

Author: LanXiaozhong, ZengJunlan, LiuKe, ZhangFangyuan, BaiGe, ChenMin, LiaoZhihua, HuangLuqi

Scopolamine production

Overexpression of hyoscyamine 6β-hydroxylase genes (HnH6H and SlH6H) in hairy root cultures of Scopolia lurida resulted in increased production of scopolamine and anisodamine. HnH6H was found to be more effective than SlH6H for engineering scopolamine production.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Evaluation StudyResearch that systematically evaluates the effectiveness of a particular program or policy. It measures its outcomes and provides important information for future decision-making.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Allosteric interaction of the anticholinergic drug [N-(4-phenyl)-phenacyl-l-hyoscyamine] (Phenthonium) with nicotinic receptors of post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons of the rat vas deferens.

Author: MunhozEgberto, De LimaThereza C M, SouccarCaden, LapaAntonio J, Lima-LandmanMaria Teresa R

Increased acetylcholine release

This study examined the effects of phenthonium, a muscarinic blocker, on sympathetic transmission and ganglionic nicotinic receptor activation. The study found that phenthonium inhibits sympathetic transmission and that it may act as a novel modulator of cholinergic synapses.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Beans, roots and leaves: a brief history of the pharmacological therapy of parkinsonism.

Author: FoleyPaul

Successful treatment

This article examines the history of treatments for Parkinson's disease. Early treatments focused on plant alkaloids, then shifted to synthetic drugs. L-DOPA therapy was a major breakthrough in treating the disease. Current research is focusing on neuroprotective treatments to prevent or slow the progression of the disease.

Historical ArticleA research paper that analyzes past events and developments using primary sources and examines them from a historical perspective.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

19.

The effects of Unguentum Lymphaticum on skin in patients with obstructive lymphedema of the lower extremities.

Author: OlszewskiW L, KubickaU

Lymphedema treatment

This study investigated the effect of topical application of Unguentum Lymphaticum (UL) on lymphedematous skin in patients with obstructive lymphedema. UL was found to stimulate epidermal cells and inhibit the stimulation of blood mononuclear cells, suggesting that it may be beneficial for the treatment of lymphedema.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

21.

Heterologous expression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) and cultivation conditions affect the alkaloid profile of Hyoscyamus muticus hairy roots.

Author: WilhelmsonAnnika, HäkkinenSuvi T, KallioPauli T, Oksman-CaldenteyKirsi-Marja, NuutilaAnna Maria

Alkaloid production

This study investigated the effect of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) expression on hyoscyamine production in hairy root cultures of Hyoscyamus muticus. The study found that VHb expression did not significantly improve hyoscyamine content, but it did affect the alkaloid profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

Metabolic Effects of Elicitors on the Biosynthesis of Tropane Alkaloids in Medicinal Plants.

Author: WenYuru, LiaoYiran, TangYueli, ZhangHongbo, ZhangJiahui, LiaoZhihua

TA yield enhancement

This review discusses the use of elicitation, a biotechnological method, to increase the production of tropane alkaloids (TAs). TAs are important compounds used in various medications. The review explores the effects of different elicitors, including plant hormones and magnetic nanoparticles, on TA biosynthesis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

25.

Persistence, adherence, and switch rates among extended-release and immediate-release overactive bladder medications in a regional managed care plan.

Author: D'SouzaAnna O, SmithMichael J, MillerLesley-Ann, DoyleJoseph, ArielyRinat

Improved tolerability
Adverse effects
Discontinuation rates

Tolterodine and oxybutynin are commonly used to treat overactive bladder but can have side effects that lead to patients stopping treatment. Extended-release formulations of these drugs have been developed to improve tolerability.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

26.

Comparison of glucagon and scopolamine butylbromide as premedication for colonoscopy in unsedated patients.

Author: YoshikawaIchiro, YamasakiMasahiro, TaguchiMasashi, KandaKikuo, TashiroMitsuo, KumeKeiichiro, TabaruAkinari, OtsukiMakoto

Colonic spasm reduction
Unfavorable events

Premedication with glucagon or hyoscyamine is sometimes used to reduce colonic spasm during colonoscopy. This study compared the effects of glucagon to scopolamine butylbromide on cardiopulmonary parameters, intubation time, and patient discomfort.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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