Side Effects of pyridoxine: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

  1. Home
  2. Side Effects of pyridoxine
This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician.Data sources and disclaimers (data limitations, copyright, etc.)The analysis on "Side Effects of pyridoxine: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies" on this page is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). However, NLM does not endorse or verify these analyses.

This analysis is based on research papers included in PubMed, but medical research is constantly evolving and may not fully reflect the latest findings. There may also be biases towards certain research areas.

This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician. If you have concerns about "Side Effects of pyridoxine: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies", please consult your doctor.

For NLM copyright information, please see Link to NLM Copyright Page
PubMed data is obtained via Hugging Face Datasets: Link to DatasetPlease check the disclaimer.
This page's analysis is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in amino acid metabolism. However, it can be neurotoxic when taken in high doses. 5 A study involving a patient with homocystinuria who received high doses of pyridoxine (1250-1750 mg/day) for 20 years revealed the development of progressive sensory neuropathy, ataxia, and impaired sensation in the extremities. These symptoms were reversed when the dosage was reduced to 500 mg/day. This finding suggests that high-dose pyridoxine can cause neurotoxicity, which may be reversible.

Pyridoxine has also been proposed as a potential treatment to mitigate side effects associated with levetiracetam, an anti-epileptic drug. 1 A review indicates that pyridoxine might be effective in improving neuropsychiatric adverse events linked to levetiracetam. However, there is a lack of double-blind, controlled trials to validate this effect.

Contrary to some reports suggesting beneficial effects of pyridoxine in autism, a double-blind, controlled trial refuted these claims. 23 In the study, high-dose pyridoxine and magnesium administered to children with autism failed to demonstrate any improvement in autistic symptoms.

Reason for Side Effects

Pyridoxine acts as a coenzyme for enzymes involved in the synthesis and degradation of neurotransmitters. High doses can potentially inhibit the function of these enzymes, leading to neurotoxicity. 16

Common Side Effects

Peripheral Neuropathy

High doses of pyridoxine can cause peripheral neuropathy. 5 , 16 This condition manifests as numbness, pain, and sensory abnormalities in the hands and feet.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

High doses of pyridoxine can also lead to gastrointestinal symptoms. 25 These symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.

Measures to Counteract Side Effects

Peripheral Neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy may improve if the dose of pyridoxine is reduced. 5

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Gastrointestinal symptoms may also improve if the dose of pyridoxine is reduced. 25

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities between Studies

Many studies have demonstrated that high doses of pyridoxine can induce neurotoxicity.

Differences between Studies

The frequency and severity of pyridoxine's side effects vary based on dosage, duration of administration, and individual differences.

Points to Note Regarding Application in Daily Life

Given the potential for neurotoxicity, high doses of pyridoxine should be avoided. Always consult a doctor before taking pyridoxine and follow their instructions.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on the side effects of pyridoxine remains insufficient, particularly regarding long-term effects. Further investigation is necessary.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on determining safe intake levels of pyridoxine and elucidating the mechanisms responsible for its side effects. Additionally, research aimed at developing strategies to mitigate pyridoxine-related side effects is crucial.

Conclusion

While pyridoxine is an essential nutrient, it can cause neurotoxicity if taken in high doses. Always consult a doctor before taking pyridoxine and adhere to their instructions regarding safe intake.

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
23
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
1
Article Type
3
0
2
9
26
1.

Current evidence for adjunct pyridoxine (vitamin B6) for the treatment of behavioral adverse effects associated with levetiracetam: A systematic review.

Author: BesagFrank M C, VaseyMichael J, SenArjune

NPAEs Improvement
Neuropsychiatric Adverse Events

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation may improve neuropsychiatric adverse events associated with levetiracetam, but more research is needed.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

2.

Pyridoxine for treatment of levetiracetam-induced behavioral adverse events: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.

Author: CheraghmakaniHamed, RezapourMaryam, AsghariFaezeh, Alizadeh-NavaeiReza, GhazaeianMonireh, TabriziNasim

Behavioral side effect improvement

This clinical trial evaluated the effect of pyridoxine on behavioral side effects of levetiracetam in adult patients with epilepsy.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Update on Safety Profiles of Vitamins B1, B6, and B12: A Narrative Review.

Author: Calderon-OspinaCarlos-Alberto, Nava-MesaMauricio Orlando, Paez-HurtadoAna María

Peripheral neuropathy treatment
Hip fracture risk
Lung cancer risk
Neurotoxicity

Neurotropic B vitamins are essential for the nervous system, and deficiencies can lead to neurological disorders. This review examines the safety concerns related to vitamin B6 and B12 intake, particularly in relation to hip fracture and lung cancer.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Regressive pyridoxine-induced sensory neuronopathy in a patient with homocystinuria.

Author: Echaniz-LagunaAndoni, Mourot-CottetRachel, NoelEsther, ChansonJean-Baptiste

Homocystinuria treatment
Reversible neuropathy
Ataxia
Impaired sensation
Sensory neuropathy

This case report describes a patient with homocystinuria who developed sensory ganglionopathy after prolonged treatment with high doses of pyridoxine (vitamin B6). Reducing the pyridoxine dosage led to symptom resolution and normalization of nerve potentials. This suggests that pyridoxine-induced sensory ganglionopathy can be reversible, even after long-term high-dose exposure.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Is pyridoxine effective and safe for post-partum lactation inhibition? A systematic review.

Author: AlSaadD, AwaisuA, ElsalemS, AbdulroufP V, ThomasB, AlHailM

Lactation inhibition

This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness and safety of high-dose pyridoxine in post-partum lactation inhibition. The review found that the evidence for the effectiveness of pyridoxine was inconsistent and insufficient, with some small studies suggesting effectiveness while others failed to demonstrate efficacy. Pyridoxine appeared to be safe, but further research is needed to confirm its efficacy and determine the optimal dose.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

8.

[Nutrition and dietary supplements in psychiatric diseases].

Author: HimmerichH, ErbguthF

Mental health improvement
Vitamin deficiency

Nutrition and specific nutritional supplements may have prophylactic or therapeutic properties for certain psychiatric disorders. A Mediterranean diet may prevent depression and dementia, while overeating and obesity increase the risk. While evidence for nutritional supplements in psychiatric treatment is limited, some studies suggest potential benefits for specific indications like depression, ADHD, and schizophrenia.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : German

9.

Novel therapy for pyridoxine dependent epilepsy due to ALDH7A1 genetic defect: L-arginine supplementation alternative to lysine-restricted diet.

Author: Mercimek-MahmutogluSaadet, CordeiroDawn, CruzVivian, HylandKeith, StruysEduard A, KyriakopoulouLianna, MamakEva

Neurodevelopment improvement
Seizure control

Pyridoxine dependent epilepsy (PDE) is caused by a deficiency in the ALDH7A1 gene, resulting in the accumulation of α-aminoadipic acid semialdehyde (α-AASA). While pyridoxine therapy is effective in treating seizures, it does not prevent developmental delays. This study investigated the potential benefits of L-arginine supplementation in decreasing α-AASA accumulation and improving neurodevelopmental and neurocognitive functions in patients with PDE.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as a pyridoxine-dependent condition: urinary diagnostic biomarkers.

Author: DolinaS, MargalitD, MalitskyS, RabinkovA

Normalizes ADHD behavior

This study analyzed pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent tryptophan (TRP) degradation in ADHD patients and found that the activity of pyridoxine-dependent enzymes was impaired. Long-term pyridoxine treatment normalized ADHD behavior without causing serious side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Pyridoxine to protect from oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity without compromising antitumour effect.

Author: GargMadhu B, AcklandStephen P

Colorectal cancer treatment
Neurotoxicity

This study investigates the potential of pyridoxine (vitamin B6) to reduce oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity in patients with colorectal carcinoma. If pyridoxine does not affect oxaliplatin's cytotoxicity, it could be a safe and cost-effective way to minimize neuropathy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Drugs and pharmaceuticals: management of intoxication and antidotes.

Author: SmithSilas W

Specific antidotes
Toxin elimination

This study reviewed the treatment of patients poisoned with drugs and pharmaceuticals. It highlighted the importance of basic life support and discussed methods to alter toxin pharmacokinetics. It also reviewed the use of specific antidotes for various types of overdoses.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

15.

Peripheral neuropathy: pathogenic mechanisms and alternative therapies.

Author: HeadKathleen A

PN treatment

This review discusses the use of alternative medicine in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy (PN). Alpha-lipoic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine, benfotiamine, methylcobalamin, and topical capsaicin are among the most well-researched alternative options.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

16.

B6-responsive disorders: a model of vitamin dependency.

Author: ClaytonPeter T

Epilepsy treatment
Peripheral neuropathy

Pyridoxal phosphate is essential for many enzyme-catalyzed reactions in the body. Inadequate levels can cause neurological dysfunction, particularly epilepsy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

17.

Epidemiology of pyridoxine dependent seizures in the Netherlands.

Author: BeenJ V, BokL A, AndriessenP, RenierW O

Diagnosis confirmation

This study found that the birth incidence of pyridoxine dependent epilepsy in the Netherlands is 1:396,000 for definite and probable cases and 1:252,000 when possible cases are included. The study also highlights that the diagnosis is often made without a formal trial of withdrawal.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : English

18.

Intravenous nutrient therapy: the "Myers' cocktail".

Author: GabyAlan R

Allergic rhinitis treatment
Asthma treatment
Cardiovascular disease treatment
Fatigue treatment
Fibromyalgia treatment
Migraine treatment
Muscle spasm treatment
Sinusitis treatment
Upper respiratory tract infection treatment

The 'Myers' cocktail', an intravenous vitamin-and-mineral formula, has been found to be effective in treating a range of clinical conditions, including acute asthma attacks, migraines, fatigue, and upper respiratory tract infections. This paper presents a rationale for intravenous nutrient therapy and reviews relevant clinical research.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

19.

In vivo gene therapy for pyridoxine-induced neuropathy by herpes simplex virus-mediated gene transfer of neurotrophin-3.

Author: ChattopadhyayMunmun, WolfeDarren, HuangShaohua, GossJames, GloriosoJoseph C, MataMarina, FinkDavid J

Neuropathy prevention

This study explores the use of gene therapy using a herpes simplex virus vector to deliver neurotrophin-3 to sensory neurons, demonstrating its potential for treating peripheral neuropathy in a rat model.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

20.

Vitamin B6 in treatment of tardive dyskinesia: a preliminary case series study.

Author: LernerV, KaptsanA, MiodownikC, KotlerM

TD alleviation

Vitamin B6 may alleviate tardive dyskinesia, but further testing in controlled double-blind trials is needed.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

21.

[Specific drug therapy of acute poisoning].

Author: OstapenkoIu N

Treat acute poisonings
Complications
Side effects

Antidote therapy is crucial in acute poisoning but should only be used under specific conditions. Antidotes have their own side effects and complications, so careful evaluation is necessary.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Russian

22.

ACTH therapy for infantile spasms: a combination therapy with high-dose pyridoxal phosphate and low-dose ACTH.

Author: TakumaY

Seizure control
Increased liver enzymes

Combination therapy with high-dose pyridoxal phosphate and low-dose synthetic ACTH was effective in treating infantile spasms in a majority of patients. The majority of patients achieved seizure control within 4.1 days of starting ACTH treatment. Although some patients experienced transient liver enzyme elevations, there were no serious side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

23.

High-dose pyridoxine and magnesium administration in children with autistic disorder: an absence of salutary effects in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Author: FindlingR L, MaxwellK, Scotese-WojtilaL, HuangJ, YamashitaT, WiznitzerM

This double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the efficacy and safety of high doses of pyridoxine and magnesium (HDPM) in patients with autism. HDPM was ineffective in ameliorating autistic behaviors and no significant side effects were observed.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

24.

Effect of vitamin B6 on the side effects of a low-dose combined oral contraceptive.

Author: Villegas-SalasE, Ponce de LeónR, Juárez-PerezM A, GrubbG S

Placebo effect

Vitamin B6 was not found to be effective in reducing the severity of side effects associated with oral contraceptive use. The decrease in severity of symptoms was likely due to a placebo effect.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

25.

Treatment of infantile spasms with high-dosage vitamin B6.

Author: PietzJ, BenningerC, SchäferH, SontheimerD, MittermaierG, RatingD

No serious adverse reactions
Treat infantile spasms
Gastrointestinal symptoms

High-dose vitamin B6 is effective in treating recently manifested infantile spasms in some children, but further studies are needed to confirm efficacy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

26.

Isoniazid-induced neurotoxicity in chronic dialysis patients: report of three cases and a review of the literature.

Author: SiskindM S, ThienemannD, KirlinL

Prevent isoniazid neurotoxicity
Neurotoxic side effects

Patients with end-stage renal disease receiving isoniazid therapy and pyridoxine supplements of less than 100 mg/day have an increased incidence of neurotoxic side effects.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

This site uses cookies. Visit our privacy policy page or click the link in any footer for more information and to change your preferences.