Effective treatment of seizures: A Synthesis of Findings from 82 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Key Research Findings

Various studies have investigated treatments for seizures, their effectiveness, and associated risks. 74 systematically reviewed current randomized evidence on first-line treatments for controlling seizures in adults with convulsive status epilepticus before or at hospital arrival. 38 examined the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the frequency of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. 22 investigated the use of pregabalin as add-on therapy for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. 9 explored whether treating the first tonic-clonic seizure improves the prognosis of epilepsy. 39 reviewed psychological and behavioral treatments for adults with non-epileptic attack disorder. compared the impact of two different therapeutic strategies: early add-on treatment versus alternative monotherapy in patients with partial seizures intractable to the first prescribed antiepileptic drug. 35 investigated the potential of melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy. 64 reported on a randomized controlled trial of bumetanide to treat neonatal seizures. 34 presented a randomized clinical trial comparing progesterone treatment with placebo therapy for women with partial epilepsy. 73 reported a randomized clinical trial comparing the treatment effects of clinical seizures versus electrographic seizures in full-term and near-term neonates. 75 synthesized evidence on pre-hospital and emergency department treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in adults. 17 reviewed anticonvulsants for neonates with seizures. 19 examined the efficacy of carbamazepine and valproate as monotherapy for early epilepsy and single seizures. 77 reported on a randomized clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of fenfluramine for treating seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. 51 explored the influence of anticonvulsive treatment on neuropsychological performance in children with BECTS. 13 evaluated the impact of topiramate on ictal seizure semiology. 31 reported the long-term follow-up of a randomized clinical trial demonstrating that treatment of the first tonic-clonic seizure did not affect mortality. 16 reported on a trial of antiparasitic treatment to reduce seizure rates due to cerebral cysticercosis. 47 investigated the potential of melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy. 53 conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of seizure outcomes after occipital lobe and posterior quadrant epilepsy surgery. 63 systematically reviewed the efficacy of levetiracetam in neonatal seizures. 82 reported on a Phase 2b randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of XEN1101, a novel potassium channel opener, in adults with focal epilepsy. 15 explored the use of zonisamide as add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. 55 examined surgery for drug-resistant epilepsy in children. 71 conducted a network meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of anti-epileptic drugs for neonatal seizures. 11 compared the effects of rectal diazepam gel with placebo for acute repetitive seizures. 54 conducted a network meta-analysis of individual participant data on antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy. 43 explored the potential of clobazam monotherapy for treating new partial-onset or generalized-onset seizures. 28 investigated the rapid onset of seizure suppression with pregabalin adjunctive treatment in patients with refractory partial seizures. 58 conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of quality of life after epilepsy surgery in children. 67 reported on a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial evaluating add-on cannabidiol treatment for drug-resistant seizures in tuberous sclerosis complex. 52 conducted an individual participant data review comparing topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy. 60 explored the use of lamotrigine add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy. 1 investigated the use of phenytoin as monotherapy for epilepsy. 27 systematically reviewed the management of prolonged seizures and status epilepticus in childhood. 37 conducted a meta-analysis evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of newer antiepileptic drugs as adjunctive treatment in adults with refractory partial-onset epilepsy. 29 discussed treatment for seizures in multiple sclerosis. 41 reported on a multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (a randomized clinical trial). 45 examined subpial transection surgery for epilepsy. 57 conducted a systematic review with network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of post-stroke seizures.

Treatment Summary

Seizures can be treated through various approaches, including medication, surgery, and psychotherapy. 74 recommends benzodiazepines as a first-line treatment for convulsive status epilepticus in adults. 38 suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy may be effective for treating psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. 22 suggests that pregabalin may be effective as add-on therapy for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. 9 suggests that carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, or sodium valproate may be effective treatments for the first tonic-clonic seizure. 39 suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnotherapy, and paradoxical therapy may be effective psychotherapies for adults with non-epileptic attack disorder. suggests that several effective treatment options exist for early add-on therapy in patients with partial epilepsy. 35 suggests that melatonin may be effective as add-on treatment for epilepsy. 64 suggests that bumetanide may be effective for treating neonatal seizures. 34 suggests that progesterone treatment may be effective for women with partial epilepsy. 73 suggests that treating electrographic seizures is important for managing seizures in neonates. 75 recommends benzodiazepines as a first-line treatment for convulsive status epilepticus in pre-hospital and emergency department settings. 17 suggests that the effectiveness of anticonvulsants for neonates with seizures requires evaluation. 19 suggests that carbamazepine and valproate may be effective monotherapies for early epilepsy and single seizures. 77 suggests that fenfluramine may be an effective treatment for seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. 51 suggests that the effectiveness of anticonvulsive treatment for children with BECTS requires further investigation. 13 suggests that topiramate may impact ictal seizure semiology. 31 suggests that treatment of the first tonic-clonic seizure does not affect mortality. 16 suggests that antiparasitic treatment may be effective for reducing seizure rates due to cerebral cysticercosis. 47 suggests that melatonin may be effective as add-on treatment for epilepsy. 53 suggests that surgery may be an effective treatment for occipital lobe and posterior quadrant epilepsy. 63 suggests that levetiracetam may be an effective treatment for neonatal seizures. 82 suggests that XEN1101, a novel potassium channel opener, may be an effective treatment for focal epilepsy. 15 suggests that zonisamide may be effective as add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy. 55 suggests that surgery may be an effective treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy in children. 71 suggests that various antiepileptic drugs may be effective for treating neonatal seizures. 11 suggests that rectal diazepam gel may be effective for treating acute repetitive seizures. 54 suggests that various antiepileptic drugs may be effective for treating epilepsy. 43 suggests that clobazam monotherapy may be effective for treating new partial-onset or generalized-onset seizures. 28 suggests that pregabalin may be effective as add-on treatment for patients with refractory partial seizures. 58 suggests that epilepsy surgery may be effective for improving quality of life in children. 67 suggests that cannabidiol may be an effective treatment for drug-resistant seizures in tuberous sclerosis complex. 52 suggests that topiramate and carbamazepine may be effective treatments for epilepsy. 60 suggests that lamotrigine may be an effective treatment for drug-resistant focal epilepsy. 1 suggests that phenytoin may be an effective treatment for epilepsy. 27 suggests that various treatment options may be effective for managing prolonged seizures and status epilepticus in childhood. 37 suggests that newer antiepileptic drugs may be effective as adjunctive treatment for adults with refractory partial-onset epilepsy. 29 suggests that various treatment options may be effective for treating seizures in multiple sclerosis. 41 suggests that various treatment options may be effective for treating psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. 45 suggests that subpial transection surgery may be an effective treatment for epilepsy. 57 suggests that various antiepileptic drugs may be effective for treating post-stroke seizures.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Treating seizures can reduce the frequency and severity of seizures and improve quality of life. 9 suggests that treatment for the first tonic-clonic seizure can reduce the risk of future seizures. 39 suggests that psychotherapy for adults with non-epileptic attack disorder can reduce seizure frequency and improve quality of life. 73 suggests that treating electrographic seizures is crucial for managing seizures in neonates. 75 recommends benzodiazepines as a first-line treatment for convulsive status epilepticus in pre-hospital and emergency department settings. 58 suggests that epilepsy surgery can improve quality of life for children.

Risk Summary

Treating seizures carries the risk of side effects. 9 reports side effects of antiepileptic drugs, including drowsiness, dizziness, and unsteadiness. 39 reports that psychotherapy can have side effects like anxiety and depression. 35 reports side effects of melatonin, including drowsiness, headache, and digestive issues. 71 reports that antiepileptic drugs used to treat neonatal seizures can cause neurodevelopmental delays. 67 reports side effects of cannabidiol, including drowsiness, increased appetite, and fatigue. 60 reports side effects of lamotrigine, including dizziness, unsteadiness, and rash. 1 reports side effects of phenytoin, including gingival hyperplasia and liver function abnormalities. 45 reports that subpial transection surgery for epilepsy can cause cognitive impairment.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities

Many studies evaluate the effectiveness of treatments for reducing seizures. They also suggest that treatment comes with the risk of side effects.

Differences

These studies differ in their focus on specific seizure types, treatment methods, and evaluation approaches. Direct comparisons of their findings can be challenging.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Research findings on seizure treatment can be consistent or contradictory. For example, 9 suggests that treating the first tonic-clonic seizure can reduce the risk of future seizures, while 31 suggests that treating the first tonic-clonic seizure does not affect mortality. These contradictions are likely due to differences in the patient populations, treatment methods, and research designs.

Considerations for Real-World Applications

While these research findings provide valuable information about seizure treatment options, it's essential to consult with a doctor to determine the best treatment approach for each individual. Doctors will consider factors like the type of seizure, seizure frequency and severity, age, and other health conditions to personalize treatment plans.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on seizure treatment is still incomplete. Long-term effects and side effects, in particular, require more investigation. Many studies focus on specific seizure types or specific treatments, limiting their generalizability to all patients.

Future Research Directions

Future research on seizure treatment should focus on evaluating long-term effects, side effects, and the effectiveness of different treatments for diverse seizure types. Patient-centered research and meta-analyses integrating findings from multiple studies are also crucial.

Conclusion

Seizures can be treated effectively through medication, surgery, and psychotherapy. These treatments have the potential to reduce seizure frequency and severity and improve quality of life, but they also come with the risk of side effects. It is crucial to consult with a doctor to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for each individual. Continued research on long-term effects, side effects, and the effectiveness of various treatment options is needed to refine and improve seizure management practices.

Treatment List

Medication: benzodiazepines, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid, pregabalin, melatonin, bumetanide, progesterone, levetiracetam, zonisamide, clobazam, topiramate, lamotrigine, fenfluramine, cannabidiol

Surgery: subpial transection surgery

Psychotherapy: cognitive behavioral therapy, hypnotherapy, paradoxical therapy

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Reduced polypharmacy
Seizure control
1
Broad spectrum of activity
2
Effective seizure control
Excellent prognosis
Feasible and cheap treatment
Minimized drug use
Reduced recurrence rate
Well tolerated
3
No difference in efficacy
4
Better outcome
5
Reduced risk of seizure relapse
6
Higher remission rate
7
Seizure control
8
Reduced seizure recurrence
9
Fewer seizures
10
Reduced seizure frequency
11
Effective treatment
12
Reduced ictal signs
Reduced seizures
13
Epilepsy treatment
14
Improved seizure control
15
Reduced seizure frequency
16
Behavior improvement
18
Treats epilepsy
19
Improved epilepsy treatment
22
Improved seizure severity
Reduced seizure frequency
23
Reduced seizure frequency
24
No death risk for simple seizures
25
Reduced seizure frequency
26
Prolonged seizure treatment
Status epilepticus treatment
27
Rapid seizure reduction
28
Reduced post-stroke seizures
30
Improved seizure treatment
31
Seizure treatment
32
Effective seizure control
33
Reduced seizure frequency
34
Improved epilepsy treatment
35
Reduced tonic-clonic seizures
36
POS treatment efficacy
37
CBT effective
38
CBT for seizures
Hypnotherapy for seizures
Paradoxical therapy for seizures
39
Similar efficacy
40
Neonatal seizure management
42
Clobazam for seizures
43
Epilepsy treatment
44
Refractory epilepsy treatment
45
Drug-resistant focal epilepsy treatment
46
Melatonin for epilepsy
47
Long-term seizure remission
Reduced future seizures
48
Better tolerated AEDs
49
Seizure control
50
BECTS treatment
51
Epilepsy treatment
52
Epilepsy treatment
54
Improved behavior
Improved quality of life
Seizure control
55
Epilepsy treatment
56
Better tolerated than CR-CBZ
57
Improved pediatric epilepsy surgery outcomes
58
Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment
59
Epilepsy treatment
60
Effective treatment program
Improved PNES care
61
Improved epilepsy treatment
62
LEV for neonatal seizures
63
Reduced seizure burden
64
Anticonvulsive activity
Neuroprotection
65
Early EEG for status epilepticus
66
TSC seizure reduction
67
Benzodiazepines for toxic seizures
68
Expanded treatment options
69
Reduced risk of future seizures
70
Neonatal seizure treatment
71
Benzodiazepines
Seizure control
74
Convulsive status epilepticus treatment
75
Epilepsy treatment
76
Improved QOL
Reduced drop seizures
77
Early epilepsy surgery in children
78
Epilepsy severity reduction
Sleep quality improvement
79
GCSE treatment
80
Brain tumor treatment
Seizure control
81
Seizure reduction
82
Risk Keywords
Serum phenytoin decline
1
Compliance issues
Serious side effects rare
Side effects
Transient respiratory apnoea
3
High relapse rate
7
CNS side effects
Rash
8
Drug side effects
10
Somnolence
11
Safe and effective
16
Lack of clear evidence of benefit and harm
17
None specified
18
Steroid adverse effects
20
Epilepsy
22
Somnolence
Vomiting
23
Side effects
24
Death risk for complex seizures
Epilepsy risk
HS/MTS risk
25
Diplopia
Dizziness
Headache
26
Seizures
29
Levetiracetam side effects
30
Safety unknown
33
Increased risk of perimenstrual seizure exacerbation
Ineffective for most women
34
Less effective for partial seizures
Low risk of tonic-clonic seizures
36
Adverse effects
37
Conversion disorder
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures
41
Adverse effects
48
Metabolic alteration
Neurological disturbances
Psychiatric and behavioral symptoms
49
Bleeding risk
50
Neurological deficits
55
LEV associated with more AEs than LTG
No significant difference in seizure freedom
57
Difficult transition
Heterogeneous group
61
PB neuro-apoptotic effects
63
Diuresis
Hearing impairment
64
Diarrhea
Liver transaminase elevation
Somnolence
67
Productivity impact
QoL impact
RM under-utilization
SE risk
Seizure cluster risks
Treatment resistance risk
72
Cognitive impairment
73
Status epilepticus
74
Decreased appetite
Fatigue
Somnolence
77
Literature analysis of 82 papers
Positive Content
73
Neutral Content
3
Negative Content
6
Article Type
35
18
45
33
82
1.

One drug (phenytoin) in the treatment of epilepsy.

Author: ReynoldsE H, ChadwickD, GalbraithA W

Reduced polypharmacy
Seizure control
Serum phenytoin decline

Phenytoin was effective in treating 31 patients with epilepsy, with only 10% requiring a second drug. In the optimal serum phenytoin range, only one grand mal attack occurred, compared to a mean pre-treatment seizure rate of 1.5 per month.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

A comparison of valproate with carbamazepine for the treatment of complex partial seizures and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures in adults. The Department of Veterans Affairs Epilepsy Cooperative Study No. 264 Group.

Author: MattsonR H, CramerJ A, CollinsJ F

Broad spectrum of activity

Valproate is effective in treating various seizure types, including partial and secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which are often difficult to control with standard treatments.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

3.

Intermittent diazepam prophylaxis in febrile convulsions. Pros and cons.

Author: KnudsenF U

Effective seizure control
Excellent prognosis
Feasible and cheap treatment
Minimized drug use
Reduced recurrence rate
Well tolerated
Compliance issues
Serious side effects rare
Side effects
Transient respiratory apnoea

This review discusses treatment options for febrile convulsions (FC), which are generally harmless but can be disruptive and have emotional consequences for families. While long-term antiepileptic medications are rarely justified due to side effects, intermittent treatment with benzodiazepines during times of high fever or renewed seizures is effective in reducing the frequency and severity of FC. Rectal diazepam can also be used to stop ongoing seizures. The study recommends a risk-based approach to treatment, using a combination of risk factors to identify children at high risk for further FC and potentially offering intermittent diazepam prophylaxis to those individuals. While treatment is not mandatory, it can be a useful approach for managing FC.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Which drug for the adult epileptic patient: phenytoin or valproate?

Author: TurnbullD M, HowelD, RawlinsM D, ChadwickD W

No difference in efficacy

A study of 140 patients with tonic-clonic or partial seizures found no significant difference in effectiveness between sodium valproate and phenytoin in achieving a two-year remission or preventing seizures. However, patients with a history of partial seizures had a significantly lower rate of achieving two-year remission compared to those with only tonic-clonic seizures. The study concluded that both medications are equally effective in treating epilepsy, regardless of seizure type, but individual patient characteristics, like seizure history, can impact treatment success.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

A randomized trial on the treatment of the first epileptic seizure. Scientific background, rationale, study design and protocol. First Seizure Trial Group (FIR.S.T. Group).

Author: BeghiE, MusiccoM, VianiF, BordoB, HauserW A, NicolosiA

Better outcome

This report discusses the rationale and design of a multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing two common treatment strategies for the first seizure: treatment of the first seizure and treatment of recurrences.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Randomized clinical trial on the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs in reducing the risk of relapse after a first unprovoked tonic-clonic seizure. First Seizure Trial Group (FIR.S.T. Group)

Author:

Reduced risk of seizure relapse

This randomized multicenter clinical trial of 397 patients with a first unprovoked epileptic seizure found that treating the first seizure with antiepileptic drugs significantly reduced the risk of relapse compared to delaying treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

A comparison between one and three years of treatment in uncomplicated childhood epilepsy: a prospective study. II. The EEG as predictor of outcome after withdrawal of treatment.

Author: AnderssonT, BraathenG, PerssonA, TheorellK

Higher remission rate
High relapse rate

The presence of epileptiform activity does not necessarily influence prognosis after discontinuation of treatment, but certain types of such activity signal a high risk of relapse. Children with irregular generalized spike-wave activity in their last EEG recordings before discontinuation of treatment had a clearly higher relapse rate (67%) than children without epileptiform activity (33%) or with other types of epileptiform activity (33%).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Tonic-clonic seizures: a systematic review of antiepilepsy drug efficacy and safety.

Author: RamsayR E, DeToledoJ

Seizure control
CNS side effects
Rash

This systematic review examined the effectiveness of carbamazepine, phenytoin, and valproate in treating generalized tonic-clonic seizures. All three drugs showed similar efficacy in controlling seizures, with valproate potentially being most effective for primary generalized seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

9.

Treatment of first tonic-clonic seizure does not improve the prognosis of epilepsy. First Seizure Trial Group (FIRST Group).

Author: MusiccoM, BeghiE, SolariA, VianiF

Reduced seizure recurrence

In a study of 419 people who had a first seizure, those who started medication right away had a lower chance of having another seizure than those who waited for a second seizure to start treatment. However, the long-term chance of staying seizure-free was the same for both groups. Factors that predicted a higher risk of having another seizure included age, use of benzodiazepines during the initial seizure, and abnormal brain activity. The study suggests that medication can reduce the risk of having another seizure after a first seizure, but many people who are not treated will never have another seizure.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

A meta-analytic review of the preventive treatment of recurrences of febrile seizures.

Author: RantalaH, TarkkaR, UhariM

Fewer seizures
Drug side effects

Continuous phenobarbital therapy and valproate were found to be effective in preventing recurrent febrile seizures in children, but due to potential adverse effects, prophylaxis is not recommended.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

11.

A comparison of rectal diazepam gel and placebo for acute repetitive seizures.

Author: DreifussF E, RosmanN P, CloydJ C, PellockJ M, KuznieckyR I, LoW D, MatsuoF, SharpG B, ConryJ A, BergenD C, BellW E

Reduced seizure frequency
Somnolence

Rectal diazepam gel is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for acute repetitive seizures when administered at home by trained caregivers. Diazepam treatment is superior to placebo in reducing seizure frequency and improving overall outcome in both children and adults.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

12.

Levetiracetam add-on for drug-resistant localization related (partial) epilepsy.

Author: ChaisewikulR, PriviteraM D, HuttonJ L, MarsonA G

Effective treatment

This review examines the effectiveness of levetiracetam, a new antiepileptic drug, as an additional treatment for patients with epilepsy who experience seizures despite taking other medications (drug-resistant partial epilepsy). This type of epilepsy affects up to 30% of patients. The review summarizes current research on levetiracetam's potential to improve outcomes in these patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

13.

Topiramate on ictal seizure semiology: a quantitative, randomized, low and medium dose-controlled study.

Author: WangY, ZhouD, PauliE, StefanH

Reduced ictal signs
Reduced seizures

Topiramate (TPM) had an early dose-dependent effect on ictal seizures, with more significant reductions in the duration, intensity, and frequency of ictal signs like hypermotoric movements, fumbling, and vocalization in the medium dosage group (200 mg daily).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

Phenytoin versus valproate monotherapy for partial onset seizures and generalized onset tonic-clonic seizures.

Author: Tudur SmithC, MarsonA G, WilliamsonP R

Epilepsy treatment

The study uses individual patient data meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of phenytoin and valproate for different types of seizures, exploring treatment-covariate interactions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

15.

Zonisamide add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: ChadwickD W, MarsonA G

Improved seizure control

Zonisamide, an add-on treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy, is effective for up to 30% of patients who develop refractory epilepsy, especially those with partial seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

16.

A trial of antiparasitic treatment to reduce the rate of seizures due to cerebral cysticercosis.

Author: GarciaHéctor H, PretellE Javier, GilmanRobert H, MartinezS Manuel, MoultonLawrence H, Del BruttoOscar H, HerreraGenaro, EvansCarlton A W, GonzalezArmando E,

Reduced seizure frequency
Safe and effective

Albendazole and dexamethasone treatment in patients with seizures caused by neurocysticercosis reduced the burden of parasites and was effective in reducing seizures with generalization.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

17.

Anticonvulsants for neonates with seizures.

Author: BoothD, EvansD J

Lack of clear evidence of benefit and harm

Seizures are common in newborns, and most are treated with anticonvulsant medications. However, there's a lot of variation in how these seizures are diagnosed and treated, because there's not enough evidence on the benefits and risks of the medications used. We need to carefully evaluate whether routinely using anticonvulsants for newborn seizures is the best approach.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

18.

Treatment of interictal epileptiform discharges can improve behavior in children with behavioral problems and epilepsy.

Author: PresslerRonit M, RobinsonRichard O, WilsonGoigia A, BinnieColin D

Behavior improvement
None specified

Suppressing interictal discharges can improve behavior in children with epilepsy, particularly partial epilepsy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Efficacy of carbamazepine and valproate as monotherapy for early epilepsy and single seizures.

Author: MarsonA G, WilliamsonP R, TaylorS, MaguireM, ChadwickD W

Treats epilepsy

The Multi-Centre Study of Early Epilepsy and Single Seizures (MESS) found strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of carbamazepine monotherapy but mixed evidence for valproate in preventing seizure recurrence.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Corticosteroids including ACTH for childhood epilepsy other than epileptic spasms.

Author: GayatriN A, FerrieC D, CrossH

Steroid adverse effects

This review determined the efficacy of corticosteroids in terms of seizure control, improvements in cognition, and quality of life and tolerability of steroids compared to placebo or other antiepileptic drugs in children with epilepsy. The review found no evidence for the efficacy or safety of corticosteroids in treating childhood epilepsies. Clinicians using steroids in childhood epilepsies, other than for epileptic spasms, should take this into account before using these agents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

21.

Non-pharmacological interventions for epilepsy in people with intellectual disabilities.

Author: BeavisJ, KerrM, MarsonA G

The study discussed the need for good quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy of alternative or adjunct therapies for seizures in intellectually disabled people, given the high rate of drug-resistant epilepsy in this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

22.

Pregabalin add-on for drug-resistant partial epilepsy.

Author: LozsadiD, HemmingK, MarsonA G

Improved epilepsy treatment
Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition affecting about 1% of people in the UK. One-third of people with epilepsy continue to have seizures despite medication. To improve outcomes, new antiepileptic drugs have been developed, including pregabalin.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

23.

Rufinamide for generalized seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Author: GlauserT, KlugerG, SachdeoR, KraussG, PerdomoC, ArroyoS

Improved seizure severity
Reduced seizure frequency
Somnolence
Vomiting

Rufinamide was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

24.

Clobazam as an add-on in the management of refractory epilepsy.

Author: MichaelB, MarsonA G

Reduced seizure frequency
Side effects

Clobazam may be an effective add-on treatment for reducing seizure frequency in patients with drug-refractory partial or generalized onset seizures. However, the optimal time frame for treatment is unclear, and further research is needed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

25.

The mortality and morbidity of febrile seizures.

Author: ChungathManoj, ShorvonSimon

No death risk for simple seizures
Death risk for complex seizures
Epilepsy risk
HS/MTS risk

This systematic review examined outcomes of febrile seizures, including the risk of death, later epilepsy, and hippocampal sclerosis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

26.

Efficacy and safety of eslicarbazepine acetate as adjunctive treatment in adults with refractory partial-onset seizures: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group phase III study.

Author: ElgerChristian, HalászPeter, MaiaJoana, AlmeidaLuis, Soares-da-SilvaPatrício,

Reduced seizure frequency
Diplopia
Dizziness
Headache

ESL, 800 and 1,200 mg once-daily, was well tolerated and more effective than placebo in patients who were refractory to treatment with one or two concomitant AEDs.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

27.

Management of prolonged seizures and status epilepticus in childhood: a systematic review.

Author: SofouKalliopi, KristjánsdóttirRagnhildur, PapachatzakisNikolaos E, AhmadzadehAmir, UvebrantPaul

Prolonged seizure treatment
Status epilepticus treatment

This systematic review investigated published data on the management of prolonged seizures and status epilepticus.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

28.

Rapid onset of seizure suppression with pregabalin adjunctive treatment in patients with partial seizures.

Author: RamsayR Eugene, PeruccaEmilio, RobbinsJefferey, BarrettJeannette A, SpiegelKatharyn

Rapid seizure reduction

Pregabalin significantly reduced the frequency of partial seizures in patients with refractory partial seizures, with seizure-suppressing activity observed after only 2 days of treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

29.

Treatment of seizures in multiple sclerosis.

Author: KochMarcus W, PolmanSusanne K L, UyttenboogaartMaarten, De KeyserJacques

Seizures

The association of seizures in MS with cortical and subcortical demyelinating lesions is discussed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

30.

Early treatment after stroke for the prevention of late epileptic seizures: a report on the problems performing a randomised placebo-controlled double-blind trial aimed at anti-epileptogenesis.

Author: van TuijlJ H, van RaakE P M, de KromM C T F M, LodderJ, AldenkampA P

Reduced post-stroke seizures
Levetiracetam side effects

This study proposes a clinical trial to investigate the effectiveness of levetiracetam in preventing late post-stroke seizures, given its potential anti-epileptogenic properties.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

31.

Treatment of first tonic-clonic seizure does not affect mortality: long-term follow-up of a randomised clinical trial.

Author: LeoneMaurizio A, VallaltaRoberto, SolariAlessandra, BeghiEttore,

Improved seizure treatment

This study examined the impact of immediate treatment versus delayed treatment (only when seizures recurred) on long-term (20 years) survival in patients who had a first generalized seizure. The study aims to determine if starting treatment right away improves long-term outcomes for patients with seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

32.

Antiepileptic drugs for treating seizures in adults with brain tumours.

Author: KerriganSimon, GrantRobin

Seizure treatment

There is a lack of robust evidence to support the choice of antiepileptic drug for treating seizures in adults with brain tumors. Levetiracetam, a non enzyme-inducing drug, appears to be well tolerated and effective, but more research is needed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

33.

Double-masked, placebo-controlled study of intravenous levetiracetam for the treatment of status epilepticus and acute repetitive seizures in dogs.

Author: HardyB T, PattersonE E, CloydJ M, HardyR M, LeppikI E

Effective seizure control
Safety unknown

This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of parenteral levetiracetam (LEV) for the emergency treatment of status epilepticus (SE) and acute repetitive seizures (ARS) in dogs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

34.

Progesterone vs placebo therapy for women with epilepsy: A randomized clinical trial.

Author: HerzogA G, FowlerK M, SmithsonS D, KalayjianL A, HeckC N, SperlingM R, LiporaceJ D, HardenC L, DworetzkyB A, PennellP B, MassaroJ M,

Reduced seizure frequency
Increased risk of perimenstrual seizure exacerbation
Ineffective for most women

Cyclic progesterone was ineffective in women with intractable partial epilepsy. However, post hoc analysis suggested that a subset of women with higher levels of perimenstrual seizure exacerbation responded to treatment.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

35.

Melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy.

Author: BrigoFrancesco, Del FeliceAlexandra

Improved epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy is a common condition affecting about 30% of patients despite treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). While combining multiple medications can be effective, it often leads to unwanted side effects. The study highlights the need for better-tolerated AEDs and suggests that melatonin, a natural hormone, might be a promising alternative, based on its potential anti-seizure effects and good safety profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

36.

Assessing the risk of subsequent tonic-clonic seizures in patients with a history of simple or complex partial seizures.

Author: RogersJennifer K, HuttonJane, MarsonAnthony G, ChadwickDavid W

Reduced tonic-clonic seizures
Less effective for partial seizures
Low risk of tonic-clonic seizures

Patients presenting with only partial seizures are at low risk of subsequent tonic-clonic seizures. The effects of antiepileptic drugs are greater for tonic-clonic seizures than for partial seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

37.

Clinical efficacy and safety of the newer antiepileptic drugs as adjunctive treatment in adults with refractory partial-onset epilepsy: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials.

Author: GaoLan, XiaLi, ZhaoFei-Li, LiShu-Chuen

POS treatment efficacy
Adverse effects

Newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) may be more effective than placebo for treating partial-onset seizures, but they are also associated with a higher incidence of adverse effects. Brivaracetam and Retigabine/Ezogabine may be more effective than other newer AEDs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

38.

The effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the frequency of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a critically appraised topic.

Author: BravoThomas P, Hoffman-SnyderCharlene R, WellikKay E, MartinKari A, HoerthMatthew T, DemaerschalkBart M, WingerchukDean M

CBT effective

This study highlights the challenges of treating psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), a condition where seizures occur but are not caused by brain electrical activity. These seizures are often associated with other mental health problems. While cognitive behavioral therapy shows promise as a treatment, the role of medication is not yet clear. The study underscores the need for more research on effective treatments for PNES.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

39.

Psychological and behavioural treatments for adults with non-epileptic attack disorder.

Author: MartlewJayne, PulmanJennifer, MarsonAnthony G

CBT for seizures
Hypnotherapy for seizures
Paradoxical therapy for seizures

This Cochrane review assessed the evidence base for the treatment of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) using behavioral and psychological therapies. While various therapies have been attempted with varying success, further research is needed to establish clear evidence for their effectiveness.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

40.

Early add-on treatment vs alternative monotherapy in patients with partial epilepsy.

Author: SemahFranck, ThomasPierre, CoulbautSafia, DeramburePhilippe

Similar efficacy

Alternative monotherapy or early add-on treatment with a second antiepileptic drug (AED) resulted in similar efficacy in patients with partial seizures intractable to the first AED.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

41.

Multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a randomized clinical trial.

Author: LaFranceW Curt, BairdGrayson L, BarryJohn J, BlumAndrew S, Frank WebbAnne, KeitnerGabor I, MachanJason T, MillerIvan, SzaflarskiJerzy P,

Conversion disorder
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures

This research addresses the lack of controlled treatment trials for conversion disorder, specifically seizure type (psychogenic nonepileptic seizures, PNES). PNES is as disabling as epilepsy, but is often inadequately addressed by mental health professionals. The study highlights the need for more research on effective treatments for PNES.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

42.

Systematic review of neonatal seizure management strategies provides guidance on anti-epileptic treatment.

Author: Hellström-WestasLena, BoylanGeraldine, ÅgrenJohan

Neonatal seizure management

The management of neonatal seizures is not well-defined. This study reviewed surveys published between 2000 and 2012 to examine current approaches for diagnosing and treating neonatal seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

43.

Clobazam monotherapy for partial-onset or generalized-onset seizures.

Author: AryaRavindra, AnandVidhu, GargSushil K, MichaelBenedict D

Clobazam for seizures

This Cochrane systematic review aims to assess the role of clobazam monotherapy in treating new-onset or untreated seizures, identifying gaps in evidence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

44.

Perceptions of epilepsy surgery: a systematic review and an explanatory model of decision-making.

Author: DewarSandra R, PietersHuibrie C

Epilepsy treatment

While surgery is the best treatment for epilepsy that doesn't respond to medication, only a small percentage of eligible patients undergo surgery. Early referral to a specialized epilepsy center is recommended, but patients often live with disabling seizures for many years before considering surgery. The reasons for this delay in seeking treatment are not fully understood.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

45.

Subpial transection surgery for epilepsy.

Author: KrishnaiahBalaji, RamaratnamSridharan, RanganathanLakshmi Narasimhan

Refractory epilepsy treatment

While many medications are available for epilepsy, about 30% of people still have seizures despite trying multiple treatments. Surgery may be an option for those who don't respond to medication, especially for children, as earlier surgery could improve development. One type of surgery is called subpial transection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

46.

Evidence on Use of Neuroimaging for Surgical Treatment of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Systematic Review.

Author: JonesAmy L, CascinoGregory D

Drug-resistant focal epilepsy treatment

MRI scans showing hippocampal atrophy are strongly associated with a favorable outcome for temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. PET scans may be helpful for individuals with unremarkable MRI findings. SPECT scans have not been shown to be important for predicting outcomes in temporal lobe surgery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

47.

Melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy.

Author: BrigoFrancesco, IgweStanley C

Melatonin for epilepsy

This updated Cochrane review examines the use of melatonin as an antiepileptic medication. While many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are available, 30% of patients continue to have seizures. The study investigates melatonin's potential role as a better-tolerated AED, particularly for patients who do not respond well to conventional treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

48.

Immediate antiepileptic drug treatment, versus placebo, deferred, or no treatment for first unprovoked seizure.

Author: LeoneMaurizio A, GiussaniGiorgia, NolanSarah J, MarsonAnthony G, BeghiEttore

Long-term seizure remission
Reduced future seizures
Adverse effects

This research examines the risk of recurrence following a first unprovoked epileptic seizure. The study highlights the need for informed decision-making regarding antiepileptic drug treatment after a first seizure, considering the potential benefits and risks.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

49.

Melatonin as add-on treatment for epilepsy.

Author: BrigoFrancesco, IgweStanley C, Del FeliceAlessandra

Better tolerated AEDs
Metabolic alteration
Neurological disturbances
Psychiatric and behavioral symptoms

This updated Cochrane review examined the use of melatonin as an antiepileptic medication. While many antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are available, 30% of patients continue to have seizures. The study investigates melatonin's potential role as a better-tolerated AED, particularly for patients who do not respond well to conventional treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

50.

Polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Author: Sarmento VasconcelosVivian, MacedoCristiane R, de Souza PedrosaAlexsandra, Pereira Gomes MoraisEdna, PorfírioGustavo J M, TorloniMaria R

Seizure control
Bleeding risk

This review examined the use of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplements for the treatment of refractory epilepsy, considering inconsistent results and potential risks.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

51.

Effect of anticonvulsive treatment on neuropsychological performance in children with BECTS.

Author: TackeMoritz, GerstlLucia, HeinenFlorian, HeukaeuferIsabel, BonfertMichaela, BastThomas, CornellSonia, NeubauerBernd Axel, BorggraefeIngo,

BECTS treatment

Benign epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) is a common type of epilepsy in children. While seizures are a key symptom, children may also experience learning difficulties, behavior problems, and cognitive issues. There is no clear agreement on whether to treat BECTS in children, and the impact of treatment on cognitive function is still being studied.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

52.

Topiramate versus carbamazepine monotherapy for epilepsy: an individual participant data review.

Author: NolanSarah J, SudellMaria, Tudur SmithCatrin, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition causing seizures. With effective medication, up to 70% of people with epilepsy can become seizure-free and stay that way. Choosing the right medication for newly diagnosed seizures is crucial. This review examines the evidence for topiramate and carbamazepine, two commonly used medications, to help inform decisions about the best treatment options based on their effectiveness and side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

53.

Seizure Outcomes in Occipital Lobe and Posterior Quadrant Epilepsy Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: HarwardStephen C, ChenWilliam C, RolstonJohn D, HaglundMichael M, EnglotDario J

This research examines the use of surgical resection for treating occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE). The study highlights the need for more research to understand the effectiveness of this approach, particularly for patients with refractory seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

54.

Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Author: NevittSarah J, SudellMaria, WestonJennifer, Tudur SmithCatrin, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy affects about 1% of people worldwide. Most people become seizure-free with medication. Current guidelines in the UK recommend carbamazepine or lamotrigine for partial seizures and sodium valproate for generalized seizures, but there are many other epilepsy medications. More research is needed to compare the effectiveness of different medications to help guide treatment choices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

55.

Surgery for Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Children.

Author: DwivediRekha, RamanujamBhargavi, ChandraP Sarat, SapraSavita, GulatiSheffali, KalaivaniMani, GargAjay, BalChandra S, TripathiMadhavi, DwivediSada N, SagarRajesh, SarkarChitra, TripathiManjari

Improved behavior
Improved quality of life
Seizure control
Neurological deficits

Children and adolescents with drug-resistant epilepsy who had undergone epilepsy surgery had a significantly higher rate of freedom from seizures and better scores with respect to behavior and quality of life than did those who continued medical therapy alone at 12 months.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

56.

Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Author: NevittSarah J, SudellMaria, WestonJennifer, Tudur SmithCatrin, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy affects about 1% of people worldwide. Most people become seizure-free with medication. Current guidelines in the UK recommend carbamazepine or lamotrigine for partial seizures and sodium valproate for generalized seizures, but there are many other epilepsy medications. More research is needed to compare the effectiveness of different medications to help guide treatment choices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

57.

Randomized controlled trials of antiepileptic drugs for the treatment of post-stroke seizures: A systematic review with network meta-analysis.

Author: BrigoF, LattanziS, ZelanoJ, BragazziN L, BelcastroV, NardoneR, TrinkaE

Better tolerated than CR-CBZ
LEV associated with more AEs than LTG
No significant difference in seizure freedom

Levetiracetam (LEV) and lamotrigine (LTG) were compared with controlled-release carbamazepine (CR-CBZ) for post-stroke epilepsy. No significant differences in seizure freedom were found between the AEDs, but LEV and LTG had lower adverse effect rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

58.

Quality of Life After Epilepsy Surgery in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: MaragkosGeorgios A, GeropoulosGeorgios, KechagiasKonstantinos, ZiogasIoannis A, MylonasKonstantinos S

Improved pediatric epilepsy surgery outcomes

This study evaluates the postoperative quality of life for children who have undergone pediatric epilepsy surgery, as previous research has mainly focused on seizure freedom.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

59.

Oxcarbazepine add-on for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: BresnahanRebecca, Atim-OlukMargaret, MarsonAnthony G

Drug-resistant epilepsy treatment

Epilepsy, a disorder causing seizures, is difficult to control in about 30% of patients, requiring multiple medications. This study explores the use of oxcarbazepine, a medication related to another common anti-seizure drug, as an additional treatment for people with epilepsy who don't respond well to existing medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

60.

Lamotrigine add-on therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy.

Author: PanebiancoMariangela, BresnahanRebecca, RamaratnamSridharan, MarsonAnthony G

Epilepsy treatment

This review looks at the use of lamotrigine, an anti-seizure medication, as an additional treatment for epilepsy that doesn't respond well to other medications. While lamotrigine can reduce seizures, it can also have side effects. This updated review provides new information on lamotrigine's effectiveness and potential side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

61.

[Pilot Data from the Evaluation of an Integrative Body Psychotherapy Program for Patients with Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures].

Author: Senf-BeckenbachPhiline, HinkelmannKim, HoheiselMatthias, DevineJanine, RoseMatthias

Effective treatment program
Improved PNES care
Difficult transition
Heterogeneous group

This study describes a group treatment program (CORDIS) for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) patients, aiming to improve care at the interface of neurology and psychosomatic medicine. Preliminary data from an ongoing randomized controlled trial suggests significant positive effects in the program's effectiveness.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

62.

Brivaracetam for the treatment of focal-onset seizures: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluations.

Author: de BiaseStefano, GigliGian Luigi, ValenteMariarosaria

Improved epilepsy treatment

The goal of antiseizure medications (ASMs) is to stop seizures with minimal side effects. However, about one third of patients taking currently available ASMs still have seizures. There is a need for new, more effective and tolerable ASMs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

63.

Efficacy of Levetiracetam in neonatal seizures: a systematic review.

Author: SharmaDeepak, HussainAnsar Murtuza, SharmaSweta Shastri

LEV for neonatal seizures
PB neuro-apoptotic effects

This study explored the use of levetiracetam (LEV) for neonatal seizures, considering the potential benefits and limitations of this newer anti-epileptic drug compared to phenobarbitone (PB).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

64.

A Pilot Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Trial of Bumetanide to Treat Neonatal Seizures.

Author: SoulJanet S, BerginAnn M, StoppChristian, HayesBreda, SinghAvantika, FortunoCarmen R, O'ReillyDeirdre, KrishnamoorthyKalpathy, JensenFrances E, RofebergValerie, DongMin, VinksAlexander A, WypijDavid, StaleyKevin J,

Reduced seizure burden
Diuresis
Hearing impairment

This randomized, controlled, multicenter trial tested the effectiveness of bumetanide added to phenobarbital for treating neonatal seizures. The study found that bumetanide resulted in an additional reduction in seizure burden over phenobarbital without increased serious adverse effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

66.

Electroencephalographic Seizures in Emergency Department Patients After Treatment for Convulsive Status Epilepticus.

Author: ZehtabchiShahriar, SilbergleitRobert, ChamberlainJames M, ShinnarShlomo, ElmJordan J, UnderwoodEllen, RosenthalEric S, BleckThomas P, KapurJaideep

Early EEG for status epilepticus

This study examined the use of early electroencephalogram (EEG) in patients with status epilepticus, focusing on its frequency and the presence of electrographic seizures in the Established Status Epilepticus Treatment Trial.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

67.

Add-on Cannabidiol Treatment for Drug-Resistant Seizures in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: A Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: ThieleElizabeth A, BebinE Martina, BhathalHari, JansenFloor E, KotulskaKatarzyna, LawsonJohn A, O'CallaghanFinbar J, WongMichael, SahebkarFarhad, CheckettsDaniel, KnappertzVolker,

TSC seizure reduction
Diarrhea
Liver transaminase elevation
Somnolence

This double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 224 patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) and medication-resistant epilepsy evaluated the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol (CBD) at doses of 25 mg/kg/day (CBD25) and 50 mg/kg/day (CBD50) compared to placebo. Both CBD25 and CBD50 significantly reduced TSC-associated seizures compared to placebo. The most common side effects were diarrhea and somnolence, which occurred more frequently in the CBD groups. CBD25 had a better safety profile than CBD50.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

68.

A systematic review of second line therapies in toxic seizures.

Author: FletcherMeghan L, SarangarmPreeyaporn, NashJacob, SmolinskeSusan C, AlundayRobert L, SeifertSteven A, WarrickBrandon J

Benzodiazepines for toxic seizures

This systematic review evaluated the available literature on second-line treatment for toxic seizures, considering the recommendation of benzodiazepines as first-line therapy and the limited evidence for subsequent treatment options.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

69.

Treating the symptom or treating the disease in neonatal seizures: a systematic review of the literature.

Author: FalsaperlaRaffaele, ScaliaBruna, GiugnoAndrea, PavonePiero, MottaMilena, CaccamoMartina, RuggieriMartino

Expanded treatment options

The treatment options for neonatal seizures have expanded, but there is no consensus on the optimal protocols.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

70.

Immediate antiepileptic drug treatment, versus placebo, deferred, or no treatment for first unprovoked seizure.

Author: LeoneMaurizio A, GiussaniGiorgia, NevittSarah J, MarsonAnthony G, BeghiEttore

Reduced risk of future seizures

Following a first unprovoked seizure, the decision to start antiepileptic drug treatment is complex and often debated. This review examined the evidence on the risks and benefits of antiepileptic drug treatment following a first seizure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

71.

Comparative efficacy of anti-epileptic drugs for neonatal seizures: A network meta-analysis.

Author: XuZhen-E, LiWei-Bin, QiaoMeng-Yuan, CuiHong-Tao, ZhaoLing-Zhi, ChenQi-Xiong, MiaoJing-Kun

Neonatal seizure treatment

Different medications work in different ways to treat seizures in newborns. While new seizure medications are now available, there's no standard approach to treatment, including the choice of medication and how long treatment should last. With more options available, we need research to determine the best second-line treatment for seizures in newborns when the first medication isn't effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

72.

A systematic review of seizure clusters: Prevalence, risk factors, burden of disease and treatment patterns.

Author: ChungSteve, SzaflarskiJerzy P, ChoiEun Jung, WilsonJessica Claire, KharawalaSaifuddin, KaurGavneet, HirschLawrence J

Productivity impact
QoL impact
RM under-utilization
SE risk
Seizure cluster risks
Treatment resistance risk

This review analyzes the burden of seizure clusters (SCs) in patients with epilepsy, and the treatment patterns of rescue medications (RMs). SCs are associated with higher seizure frequency, treatment resistance, and lower remission rates. While RMs are under-prescribed, there's an urgent need to improve recognition and utilization of RMs for managing SCs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

73.

Effect of Treatment of Clinical Seizures vs Electrographic Seizures in Full-Term and Near-Term Neonates: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: HuntRod W, LileyHelen G, WaghDeepika, SchembriRachel, LeeKatherine J, ShearmanAndrew D, Francis-PesterSamantha, deWaalKoert, CheongJeanie Y L, OlischarMonika, BadawiNadia, WongFlora Y, OsbornDavid A, RajaduraiVictor Samuel, DargavillePeter A, HeadleyBevan, WrightIan, ColditzPaul B,

Cognitive impairment

This randomized clinical trial investigated the impact of actively managing electrographic seizures detected by amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) in encephalopathic term or near-term neonates. Treating electrographic seizures in addition to clinical seizures did not significantly reduce the rate of death or disability at 2 years compared to only treating clinically detected seizures. However, cognitive outcomes were worse in the group receiving treatment for electrographic seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

74.

Management of the first stage of convulsive status epilepticus in adults: a systematic review of current randomised evidence.

Author: CruickshankMoira, ImamuraMari, CounsellCarl, AucottLorna, MansonPaul, BoothCorinne, ScotlandGraham, BrazzelliMiriam

Benzodiazepines
Seizure control
Status epilepticus

Intravenous and intramuscular benzodiazepines are safe and effective for the first-line treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in adults. Further research is needed to determine the most clinically and cost-effective first-line treatment and mode of administration.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

75.

Pre-hospital and emergency department treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in adults: an evidence synthesis.

Author: CruickshankMoira, ImamuraMari, BoothCorinne, AucottLorna, CounsellCarl, MansonPaul, ScotlandGraham, BrazzelliMiriam

Convulsive status epilepticus treatment

This study highlighted the lack of clarity on the optimal treatment for convulsive status epilepticus in the pre-hospital setting. It emphasized the need for more research on the effectiveness of different benzodiazepines administered by various routes in this emergency condition.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

76.

Antiepileptic drug monotherapy for epilepsy: a network meta-analysis of individual participant data.

Author: NevittSarah J, SudellMaria, CividiniSofia, MarsonAnthony G, Tudur SmithCatrin

Epilepsy treatment

This updated review examines the effectiveness of various anti-seizure medications for treating epilepsy. While many people with epilepsy achieve seizure-free periods, a variety of medications are available, and more research is needed to understand which medications are most effective for different types of seizures.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

77.

Efficacy and Safety of Fenfluramine for the Treatment of Seizures Associated With Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: KnuppKelly G, SchefferIngrid E, CeulemansBerten, SullivanJoseph E, NickelsKatherine C, LagaeLieven, GuerriniRenzo, ZuberiSameer M, NabboutRima, RineyKate, ShoreSvetlana, AgarwalAnupam, LockMichael, FarfelGail M, GalerBradley S, GammaitoniArnold R, DavisRonald, Gil-NagelAntonio

Improved QOL
Reduced drop seizures
Decreased appetite
Fatigue
Somnolence

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of fenfluramine in treating Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS). Fenfluramine, particularly at a higher dose, significantly reduced drop seizure frequency compared to placebo. The most common side effects were decreased appetite, somnolence, and fatigue.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

78.

Early surgical approaches in pediatric epilepsy - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: FrankNicole Alexandra, GreuterLadina, GuzmanRaphael, SolemanJehuda

Early epilepsy surgery in children

This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the potential benefits of early epilepsy surgery in children with drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy surgery is an option for managing seizures that don't respond to medication.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

79.

Effect of add-on melatonin on seizure outcomes and quality of sleep in epilepsy with idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic seizures alone in adult patients: Cross-sectional, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Author: MaghbooliMehdi, Alyan NajafAbadiSomayeh, MalekMahmoudiGhazal, MolseghiMohammad Hadi

Epilepsy severity reduction
Sleep quality improvement

This cross-over clinical trial investigated the effectiveness of melatonin in patients with idiopathic generalized tonic-clonic seizures (EGTCS) under valproic acid treatment. Melatonin was effective in reducing the severity of epilepsy and improving sleep quality, suggesting its potential as an adjunctive therapy for EGTCS.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

80.

Levetiracetam and Midazolam vs Midazolam Alone for First-Line Treatment of Children With Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus (Lev-Mid Study): A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: ElshaterAhmed A, SadekAbdelrahim A, AbdelkreemElsayed

GCSE treatment

Benzodiazepines are the first choice for treating prolonged seizures (generalized convulsive status epilepticus or GCSE), but they don't work for about one-third of people. Combining benzodiazepines with another type of seizure medication that works in a different way might be a good strategy to stop seizures quickly.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

81.

Seizure outcomes after resection of primary brain tumors in pediatric patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: KatlowitzKalman A, AthukuriPrazwal, SharmaHimanshu, DangHuy, SoniAstitva, KhanA Basit, MalbariFatema, GadgilNisha, WeinerHoward L

Brain tumor treatment
Seizure control

This study highlighted the importance of understanding factors influencing seizure outcomes in children undergoing surgery for primary brain tumors, aiming to improve treatment approaches and patient quality of life.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

82.

Efficacy and Safety of XEN1101, a Novel Potassium Channel Opener, in Adults With Focal Epilepsy: A Phase 2b Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: FrenchJacqueline A, PorterRoger J, PeruccaEmilio, BrodieMartin J, RogawskiMichael A, PimstoneSimon, AycardiErnesto, HardenCynthia, QianJenny, Luzon RosenblutConstanza, KenneyChristopher, BeatchGregory N

Seizure reduction

This phase 2b clinical trial found that XEN1101, a novel potassium channel opener, was associated with seizure reduction in patients with focal-onset seizures (FOSs) in a dose-response manner. The drug was generally well tolerated and had a safety profile similar to commonly prescribed antiseizure medications.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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