Effects of temozolomide injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 22 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Temozolomide injection, a common chemotherapy drug for glioblastoma (GBM), has shown promising results in various studies. Glioblastoma is a very aggressive type of brain tumor that is difficult to treat and has a poor prognosis for patients. However, temozolomide injection has shown results suggesting its potential to extend the survival time of patients with GBM. A meta-analysis in 8 concluded that local administration of injectable DDS was beneficial to increase the animal's survival time. A clinical trial in 18 showed that the combination therapy of temozolomide injection and flucytosine in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma extended survival time compared to the standard treatment. Furthermore, research in 7 indicates that a treatment involving the injection of teserpaturev, a genetically engineered herpes simplex virus, into the tumor is effective in treating malignant glioma.

Temozolomide injection is also expected to inhibit the growth of glioblastoma cells and contribute to tumor reduction. Research in 21 shows that gene therapy using mesenchymal stem cells is effective against glioblastoma cells resistant to temozolomide. Research in 13 indicates that a molecule called miR-27a-3p, which is transported by extracellular vesicles, promotes drug resistance of glioblastoma cells to temozolomide. This discovery could be a new therapeutic target for overcoming glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide.

Temozolomide injection may also be effective as a combination therapy with radiation therapy or other anticancer drugs. Research in 19 shows that the combination of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles with temozolomide enhances the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to radiation therapy. Additionally, research in 15 shows that other anticancer drugs like lomustine and nimustine are effective against glioblastoma cells resistant to temozolomide.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Temozolomide injection has shown results suggesting its potential to extend the survival time of patients with GBM. A meta-analysis in 8 concluded that local administration of injectable DDS was beneficial to increase the animal's survival time. A clinical trial in 18 showed that the combination therapy of temozolomide injection and flucytosine in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma extended survival time compared to the standard treatment. Furthermore, research in 7 indicates that a treatment involving the injection of teserpaturev, a genetically engineered herpes simplex virus, into the tumor is effective in treating malignant glioma.

Temozolomide injection is also expected to inhibit the growth of glioblastoma cells and contribute to tumor reduction. Research in 21 shows that gene therapy using mesenchymal stem cells is effective against glioblastoma cells resistant to temozolomide. Research in 13 indicates that a molecule called miR-27a-3p, which is transported by extracellular vesicles, promotes drug resistance of glioblastoma cells to temozolomide. This discovery could be a new therapeutic target for overcoming glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide.

Temozolomide injection may also be effective as a combination therapy with radiation therapy or other anticancer drugs. Research in 19 shows that the combination of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles with temozolomide enhances the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to radiation therapy. Additionally, research in 15 shows that other anticancer drugs like lomustine and nimustine are effective against glioblastoma cells resistant to temozolomide.

Risks Summary

Temozolomide injection, like many anticancer drugs, has the risk of side effects. The main side effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, and decreased white blood cell count. Research in 20 suggests that encapsulating temozolomide in liposomes for administration may reduce side effects. Research in 14 indicates that temozolomide administration suppresses neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus. Neurogenesis plays an important role in maintaining and regenerating brain function; therefore, suppression of neurogenesis by temozolomide is a concern as a long-term side effect.

Temozolomide injection is still an under-development treatment, and its long-term safety and effectiveness require further research. A clinical trial in 9 assessed the safety and effectiveness of a temozolomide-based vaccine therapy, but sufficient data is not yet available. Research in 11 explored local treatment using a temozolomide-encapsulated hydrogel to inhibit the recurrence of glioblastoma after surgery. This treatment method has the potential to enhance temozolomide's effectiveness and reduce side effects but requires further clinical trials.

Comparison Between Studies

Common Points of Studies

Many studies show that temozolomide injection has the potential to be effective in treating glioblastoma. Notably, in studies like 8 and 18 , the extension of patient survival time has been observed. Additionally, studies like 7 suggest that temozolomide injection can increase its effectiveness by combining it with other treatments.

Differences Between Studies

Different studies use varying methods of temozolomide injection and combination therapies; therefore, their effectiveness and side effects also vary. For example, in 21 , the effectiveness of temozolomide is expected to be enhanced by combining it with gene therapy. However, in 13 , the need for new therapeutic targets to overcome the resistance of glioblastoma cells to temozolomide is highlighted.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Many studies suggest that temozolomide injection is potentially effective in treating glioblastoma. However, it is true that there are differences in effectiveness and side effects across studies. Thus, further research is necessary to investigate the safety and effectiveness of temozolomide injection in more detail.

Cautions for Real-Life Applications

While temozolomide injection shows promising results in treating glioblastoma, it is still an under-development treatment, and its long-term safety and effectiveness require further research. Therefore, when choosing temozolomide injection as a treatment option, it is essential to consult a physician, understand the benefits and risks involved, and make an informed decision.

Current Research Limitations

Temozolomide injection is still an under-development treatment, and its long-term safety and effectiveness require further research. Developing new methods and technologies to enhance the effectiveness of temozolomide injection and reduce side effects is also necessary.

Future Research Directions

Conducting clinical trials to investigate the safety and effectiveness of temozolomide injection in more detail is crucial. Developing new methods and technologies to enhance the effectiveness of temozolomide injection and reduce side effects is also necessary. Examples include developing nanotechnology to deliver temozolomide efficiently to target cells and discovering new therapeutic targets to overcome the resistance of glioblastoma cells to temozolomide.

Conclusion

Temozolomide injection has shown results suggesting its potential to extend the survival time of patients with glioblastoma. However, temozolomide injection is still an under-development treatment, and its long-term safety and effectiveness require further research. Therefore, when choosing temozolomide injection as a treatment option, it is essential to consult a physician, understand the benefits and risks involved, and make an informed decision. While temozolomide injection has the potential to be an important option in treating glioblastoma, further research is required to develop safer and more effective treatments.

Literature analysis of 22 papers
Positive Content
18
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
3
Article Type
5
2
1
2
22
1.

Tegaserod, a 5-hydroxytryptamine type 4 receptor partial agonist, is devoid of electrocardiographic effects.

Author: MorganrothJoel, RüeggPeter C, Dunger-BaldaufCornelia, Appel-DingemanseSilke, BliesathHarald, LefkowitzMartin

IBS treatment
Cardiac arrhythmias

This study investigated the cardiac safety profile of tegaserod, a promotility agent for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), by analyzing electrocardiographic data from clinical trials. The aim was to assess whether tegaserod affects cardiac repolarization, which could lead to potentially life-threatening arrhythmias.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Review article: the safety profile of tegaserod.

Author: SchoenfeldP

Diarrhea
Headache

Tegaserod is generally safe and well-tolerated for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. The most common side effect is diarrhea, which is usually mild and transient.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

3.

Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effects of tegaserod on gastric motor, sensory and myoelectric function in healthy volunteers.

Author: TalleyN J, CamilleriM, BurtonD, ThomfordeG, KochK, RuckerM J, PetersonJ, ZinsmeisterA R, EarnestD L

Reduced gastric volume change
No significant effect on gastric function

Tegaserod, a selective serotonin 5-HT4 receptor agonist, decreased proximal gastric volume change after a meal but had no significant effects on gastric motor and sensory function in healthy individuals. Further studies are required in patients with disturbances of gastric motor and sensory function.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

The effects of tegaserod on oesophageal function and bolus transport in healthy volunteers: studies using concurrent high-resolution manometry and videofluoroscopy.

Author: FoxM, MenneD, StutzB, FriedM, SchwizerW

Improved peristalsis
Improved solid bolus transport

Tegaserod did not alter lower oesophageal sphincter pressure, but had significant effects on peristaltic function. This effect was associated with a non-significant trend to improved solid bolus transit.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

An Ex Vivo Study to Evaluate the Effect of Tegaserod on Platelet Activation and Aggregation.

Author: GurbelPaul A, BlidenKevin, BarnettScott D, WittCasey, ZouHeng, TantryUdaya

Irritable bowel syndrome treatment
Cardiovascular side effects
Platelet aggregation

This study aimed to assess the ex vivo effects of tegaserod, a 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 serotonin receptor agonist, on platelet aggregation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

A phase I clinical trial of sonodynamic therapy combined with temozolomide in the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma.

Author: ZhaBoya, YangJunping, DangQianqian, LiPeihong, ShiShuling, WuJingjing, CuiHaiyang, HuangfuLinkuan, LiYuxin, YangDaoke, ZhengYingjuan

Treats glioblastoma

Recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) has a poor prognosis. This pilot study investigated the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) for treating rGBM.

Clinical Trial, Phase IThe first stage of clinical trials in humans. Evaluates the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a new drug/treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Regulatory Issues: PMDA - Review of Sakigake Designation Products: Oncolytic Virus Therapy with Delytact Injection (Teserpaturev) for Malignant Glioma.

Author: MaruyamaYoshiaki, SakuraiAkira, NodaShinichi, FujiwaraYasuhiro, OkuraNarumi, TakagiToshinori, AsanoJunichi, HondaFutaba

Glioma treatment

This abstract describes the approval of Delytact Injection as a regenerative medical product for oncolytic virus therapy and discusses its expected effects on malignant glioma.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

Injectable local drug delivery systems for glioblastoma: a systematic review and <i>meta</i>-analysis of progress to date.

Author: WangYu, BastiancichChiara, NewlandBen

GBM treatment
Increased survival time
Reduced systemic side effects
No DDS clinically approved

This review explores the development and pre-clinical testing of injectable drug delivery systems (DDS) for local treatment of glioblastoma. The analysis of 36 original articles showed that local administration of injectable DDS was beneficial in increasing animal survival time, suggesting promising potential for future clinical translation.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Phase 2 study of AV-GBM-1 (a tumor-initiating cell targeted dendritic cell vaccine) in newly diagnosed Glioblastoma patients: safety and efficacy assessment.

Author: BotaDaniela A, TaylorThomas H, PiccioniDavid E, DumaChristopher M, LaRoccaRenato V, KesariSantosh, CarrilloJose A, AbediMehrdad, AikenRobert D, HsuFrank P K, KongXiao-Tang, HsiehCandace, BotaPeter G, NistorGabriel I, KeirsteadHans S, DillmanRobert O

Improved PFS
Focal neurologic symptoms
Headache
Seizures

The Aivita GBM vaccine (AV-GBM-1) was reliably manufactured and well-tolerated, but there were numerous treatment-emergent central nervous system adverse events. This multicenter phase II trial showed a 97% success rate for both TIC production and monocyte collection. The most common adverse events were local injection site reactions (16%) and flu-like symptoms (10%). Median Progression-Free Survival (mPFS) was 10.4 months and median Overall Survival (mOS) was 16.0 months.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

11.

Dual-sensitive drug-loaded hydrogel system for local inhibition of post-surgical glioma recurrence.

Author: ChenSunhui, QiuQiujun, WangDongdong, SheDejun, YinBo, GuGuolong, ChaiMeihong, HeoDong Nyoung, HeHuining, WangJianxin

Inhibited tumor recurrence

A dual-sensitive hydrogel drug delivery system loaded with BCNU and TMZ was developed to inhibit glioma recurrence after tumor resection. This system was able to prolong survival time in a glioblastoma model, suggesting its potential for inhibiting tumor recurrence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Inhibition of TRPM7 with carvacrol suppresses glioblastoma functions in vivo.

Author: AlanaziRahmah, NakatogawaHirokazu, WangHaitao, JiDelphine, LuoZhengwei, GolbournBrian, FengZhong-Ping, RutkaJames T, SunHong-Shuo

GBM treatment

This study investigates the therapeutic potential of carvacrol, a TRPM7 inhibitor, for the treatment of glioblastoma, the most aggressive brain tumor, by demonstrating its ability to reduce tumor size and modulate signaling pathways in a mouse model.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Repeated oxytocin treatment during abstinence inhibited context- or restraint stress-induced reinstatement of methamphetamine-conditioned place preference and promoted adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice.

Author: CaiJialing, CheXiaohang, XuTianyu, LuoYuanchao, YinMeixue, LuXianda, WuChunfu, YangJingyu

METH addiction treatment

Repeated oxytocin (OXT) treatment during abstinence from methamphetamine (METH) inhibited both context- and restraint stress-induced METH-CPP reinstatement in mice. This effect was mediated by the promotion of adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Lomustine and nimustine exert efficient antitumor effects against glioblastoma models with acquired temozolomide resistance.

Author: YamamuroShun, TakahashiMasamichi, SatomiKaishi, SasakiNobuyoshi, KobayashiTatsuya, UchidaEita, KawauchiDaisuke, NakanoTomoyuki, FujiiTakashi, NaritaYoshitaka, KondoAkihide, WadaKojiro, YoshinoAtsuo, IchimuraKoichi, TomiyamaArata

TMZ-R-GBM treatment

This study investigates the antitumor effects of CCNU and ACNU against TMZ-resistant GBM. The study found that CCNU and ACNU demonstrated efficient antitumor effects on TMZ-R-cells, suggesting that these drugs may serve as a therapeutic agent in salvage treatment against TMZ-R-GBM.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

17.

Allogeneic Natural Killer and Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-pp65 Pulsed Dendritic Cells Induced Complete Response Through 15 Months in a Patient with Recurrent Glioblastoma: A Case Study.

Author: GumrukcuSerhat, NguyenTung X, WhiteRachel L, HowellGregory T, MusikanthPhillip

GBM treatment

A patient with recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) achieved durable complete response (CR) with a novel immunotherapy strategy combining allogeneic NK cells and DC pulsed with CMV-pp65 following subtotal surgical resection. This approach could offer a potential therapeutic option for patients with GBM.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Retracted PublicationCases where a publication has been formally withdrawn due to the discovery of serious errors or misconduct.

Language : English

18.

Effect of Vocimagene Amiretrorepvec in Combination With Flucytosine vs Standard of Care on Survival Following Tumor Resection in Patients With Recurrent High-Grade Glioma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: CloughesyTimothy F, PetreccaKevin, WalbertTobias, ButowskiNicholas, SalaczMichael, PerryJames, DamekDenise, BotaDaniela, BettegowdaChetan, ZhuJay-Jiguang, IwamotoFabio, PlacantonakisDimitris, KimLyndon, ElderBrad, KaptainGeorge, CachiaDavid, MoshelYaron, BremSteven, PiccioniDavid, LandolfiJoseph, ChenClark C, GruberHarry, RaoAliz R, HoganDaniel, AccomandoWilliam, OstertagDerek, MontellanoTiffany T, KheohThian, KabbinavarFairooz, VogelbaumMichael A

Improved survival
None reported

Vocimagene amiretrorepvec (Toca 511) with flucytosine (Toca FC) did not improve overall survival or other efficacy end points compared to standard of care (SOC) in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma who underwent tumor resection.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

Cytotoxic lanthanum oxide nanoparticles sensitize glioblastoma cells to radiation therapy and temozolomide: an in vitro rationale for translational studies.

Author: LuVictor M, JueToni Rose, McDonaldKerrie L

GBM treatment

This study investigated the therapeutic potential of lanthanum oxide (La2O3) nanoparticles in treating glioblastoma (GBM). The study found that La2O3 nanoparticles can reach the brain after venous injection, penetrate into GBM cells, and enhance the therapeutic effects of radiation therapy and temozolomide.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

A facile and scalable in production non-viral gene engineered mesenchymal stem cells for effective suppression of temozolomide-resistant (TMZR) glioblastoma growth.

Author: TuGeraldine Xue En, HoYoon Khei, NgZhi Xu, TeoKe Jia, YeoTseng Tsai, TooHeng-Phon

Gene delivery

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising vehicles for cell-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (CDEPT) in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This study aims to identify a non-viral method for transiently engineering MSCs for prolonged and high expression of a fused transgene, CD::UPRT::GFP.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

Injectable diblock copolypeptide hydrogel provides platform to deliver effective concentrations of paclitaxel to an intracranial xenograft model of glioblastoma.

Author: GarrettMatthew C, O'SheaTimothy M, WollenbergAlexander L, BernsteinAlexander M, HungDerek, StaarmanBrittany, SotoHoracio, DemingTimothy J, SofroniewMichael V, KornblumHarley I

Inaccessible tumor location
Limited efficacy
Poor health status

Temozolomide is a standard treatment for glioblastoma, but it has limited efficacy and many patients are not candidates for surgery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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