Effects of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide: A Synthesis of Findings from 24 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Multiple studies have shown that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide is effective in treating hypertension. 18 found that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide resulted in a greater reduction in diastolic blood pressure compared to the combination of lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide, with no significant difference in systolic blood pressure. Furthermore, the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide was well tolerated in the study. 1 investigated the antihypertensive effects of captopril alone, hydrochlorothiazide alone, or the combination of both in hypertensive patients. This study found that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide was particularly effective in normalizing blood pressure in patients with abnormalities in sodium transport in red blood cells. 16 reported that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide did not affect blood lipid levels in patients with both hypertension and hyperlipidemia. 20 demonstrated that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide effectively lowered blood pressure over a 24-hour period, as assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. No significant changes in heart rate were observed. 19 concluded that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide effectively reduced blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate hypertension, and was well tolerated.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Several studies have shown that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide is effective in treating hypertension, particularly in reducing diastolic blood pressure. 18 This combination is generally well tolerated, as evidenced by multiple studies. 18 1 16 20 19 Notably, some studies indicate that this combination not only reduces blood pressure but also does not alter heart rate. 20

Risk Summary

While generally well tolerated, the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide carries potential side effects that should be considered. 18 1 16 20 19 Some studies have reported side effects such as cough, which can occur with captopril, either alone or in combination. 18 8 Additionally, the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide can lower potassium levels in the blood. 22 23 15 Other possible side effects include elevated uric acid levels and increased blood glucose. 24 22 15 These side effects may not occur in all patients, but it is essential to be aware of them when using this combination.

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies consistently show that the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide is effective in managing hypertension. 18 1 16 20 19 Additionally, these studies generally report that this combination is well tolerated. 18 1 16 20 19

Differences

The specific effects of the captopril and hydrochlorothiazide combination on blood pressure vary across studies. Some studies show a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure without substantial changes in systolic blood pressure. 18 Other studies report significant reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. 20 11 Moreover, studies vary in their findings regarding the effect of the combination on heart rate. 20 11

Consistency and Contradictions

While numerous studies support the effectiveness of the captopril and hydrochlorothiazide combination in treating hypertension, variations exist in the degree of blood pressure reduction and side effect profiles across studies. These variations may stem from differences in the patient population, dosage, and study design. Further research is crucial to gain a more comprehensive understanding of this combination's efficacy and safety.

Real-World Application Considerations

The combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide can be an effective treatment for hypertension; however, the possibility of side effects necessitates close monitoring by a physician. Self-treatment, discontinuation without medical advice, and mixing with other medications should be strictly avoided. It is particularly important for pregnant or breastfeeding women to consult with a physician before using this combination. 8 Lifestyle changes, including dietary adjustments, regular exercise, and smoking cessation, are also crucial for managing hypertension. These healthy habits can complement medication and contribute to better blood pressure control.

Limitations of Current Research

Although a significant body of research exists on the effectiveness and safety of the captopril and hydrochlorothiazide combination, not all studies utilize identical methods. Therefore, generalizing findings requires further research. Moreover, the long-term effects of this combination remain incompletely understood. Longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate long-term impacts.

Future Research Directions

While captopril and hydrochlorothiazide offer a valuable treatment option for hypertension, the development of safer and more effective antihypertensive medications is desirable. Long-term studies are essential for understanding the long-term effects of this combination. Furthermore, research should explore the potential interactions of this combination with other medications.

Conclusion

The combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment for hypertension in multiple studies. However, potential side effects necessitate careful medical supervision. Lifestyle changes play a vital role in managing hypertension alongside medication. Further research is needed to address the long-term impacts of this combination and its interactions with other medications. Always consult with a healthcare professional before using any medications, including captopril and hydrochlorothiazide.

Literature analysis of 24 papers
Positive Content
22
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
2
Article Type
12
0
0
1
24
1.

[Antihypertensive effects of captopril, hydrochlorothiazide, alone or in combination, with different categories of essential hypertensive patients].

Author: SennN, OllivierJ P, AbitbolJ P, GarayR

Blood pressure normalization

Captopril was more effective in normalizing blood pressure in patients without erythrocyte abnormalities than in patients with such abnormalities.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : French

2.

Captopril + hydrochlorothiazide 24 h ambulatory monitoring effects.

Author: AsmarR G, PannierB M, HugueC J, LaurentS, SafavianA, SafarM E

Decrease blood pressure

This study evaluated the effect of captopril + hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure over 24 hours. The combination lowered blood pressure throughout the day and night without affecting heart rate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

3.

Effects of captopril, hydrochlorothiazide, and their combination on timed urinary excretions of water and solutes.

Author: LearyW P, ReyesA J, van der BylK V, Acosta-BarriosT N

Increased fluid output
Uricosuric effects
Increased potassium excretion
Reduced fluid output

Captopril, hydrochlorothiazide, and a combination of both have different effects on 24-hour urinary outputs of fluid and electrolytes. Captopril has diuretic and uricosuric effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Depressor effect of chymase inhibitor in mice with high salt-induced moderate hypertension.

Author: DevarajanSankar, YahiroEiji, UeharaYoshinari, HabeShigehisa, NishiyamaAkira, MiuraShin-ichiro, SakuKeijiro, UrataHidenori

Reduced heart rate
Reduced hypertension

Long-term high salt intake in drinking water induces hypertension in wild-type (WT) mice, which can be reversed by a chymase inhibitor.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of the combination delapril plus indapamide in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension: a randomised, multicentre, controlled study.

Author: RoseiE A, RizzoniD,

Effective treatment
Reduced blood pressure
Well tolerated
Adverse events

The combination of delapril and indapamide (D+I) was found to be more effective than captopril and hydrochlorothiazide (C+H) in reducing blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Both treatments were well tolerated.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Combination therapy with felodipine and metoprolol compared with captopril and hydrochlorothiazide. German MC Study Group.

Author: KleinG

Blood pressure control

The combination tablet of felodipine and metoprolol was found to be more effective than captopril-hydrochlorothiazide in reducing supine blood pressure in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

9.

Combined treatment with captopril, hydrochlorothiazide and pravastatin in dyslipidemic hypertensive patients.

Author: WaeberB, GremingerP, RiesenW, DarioliR, Simeon-DubachD, WunderlinR

Hypercholesterolemia control
Hypertension control

The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and toleration of captopril, hydrochlorothiazide, and pravastatin co-administered in hypertensive patients in general practice.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

10.

[Efficacy and tolerability of the captopril and hydrochlorothiazide combination in the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. Multicenter study].

Author: Velasco-CornejoI F, MartinL C, FrancoR J

Captopril/hydrochlorothiazide for hypertension
Cough

Captopril 50 mg + hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg daily was effective and safe in treating mild to moderate hypertension. A favorable response was observed in 82% of patients, with cough being the main adverse event.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : Portuguese

11.

[Comparison of the efficacy of enalapril + hydrochlorothiazide and captopril + hydrochlorothiazide combinations in mild-to-moderate arterial hypertension by ambulatory measurement of blood pressure].

Author: MayaudonH, ChanudetX, JaninG, MadonnaO

Hypertension treatment

Both enalapril + hydrochlorothiazide (E+H) and captopril + hydrochlorothiazide (C+H) effectively lowered blood pressure in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. There was no significant difference in blood pressure reduction between the two treatments.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : French

13.

Captopril and hydrochlorothiazide (Capozide) combine to enhance the reduction in voluntary alcohol intake in rats.

Author: RobertsonJ M, HardingS, GruppL A

Reduced alcohol intake

Capozide, a combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide, exhibited enhanced potency in suppressing voluntary alcohol intake in rats compared to the individual drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

[An open comparative study of captopril + hydrochlorothiazide versus chlorthalidone for the treatment of mild and moderate primary hypertension].

Author: FrancoR J, SampaioM, BalbiA L, MartinL C, LunaR L

Blood pressure normalization
Cholesterol reduction
Potassium reduction

Captopril combined with hydrochlorothiazide normalized blood pressure in 69% of mild to moderate primary hypertensive patients, acting faster than chlorthalidone. The combination also reduced cholesterol levels without affecting potassium levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Portuguese

15.

[Captopril + hydrochlorothiazide versus captopril + nifedipine in the treatment of arterial hypertension in diabetes mellitus type II].

Author: Souvirón RodríguezA, Martínez MorilloM

Effective treatment
Improved glucose tolerance
Reduced renal insufficiency

Captopril was found to be an effective treatment for hypertension in diabetic patients. It lowered blood pressure without inducing metabolic changes, improving glucose tolerance and slowing the progression of renal insufficiency.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Spanish

16.

[Effect of the captopril-hydrochlorothiazide combination on blood lipids. Study in a population of hypertensive hyperlipidemic patients].

Author: BuxtorfJ C, PiolotA, ProvendierO, MeillardO, ClergeotA, JacototB

Reduced blood pressure

This study evaluated the effects of a combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide on blood pressure and lipid levels in patients with high blood pressure and high cholesterol. The combination was effective in lowering blood pressure but did not significantly affect lipid levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : French

17.

[Efficacy and tolerability of a preconstituted combination of captopril 50 mg + hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg in aged subjects with isolated systolic hypertension].

Author: FerroniC, CollatinaS, SalzanoE

Blood pressure control
Safe use

Captopril 50 mg + Hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg was effective in treating isolated systolic hypertension in 201 elderly patients for a six-month period. The combination was also well tolerated.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Italian

18.

Controlling hypertension: lisinopril-hydrochlorothiazide vs captopril-hydrochlorothiazide. An Italian multicentre study.

Author: RappelliA

Blood pressure reduction
Coughing

The study compared the efficacy and tolerability of lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide (L/HCTZ) and captopril/hydrochlorothiazide (C/HCTZ) in hypertensive patients. Both combinations lowered blood pressure, but L/HCTZ caused a greater reduction in diastolic blood pressure. Both combinations were well-tolerated.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

[Fixed drug combination of ACE inhibitor plus diuretic. Results of an open multicenter study for the treatment of hypertension].

Author: LederleR M

Effective for mild-to-moderate hypertension
Lowers blood pressure
Side effects

A fixed combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide (Capozide) was effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. In a study of 34,976 patients, 87.2% achieved a significant reduction in blood pressure after 8 weeks of treatment. The most common side effect was mild and occurred in 7.4% of patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : German

20.

[Antihypertensive efficacy of the combination of captopril 50mg and hydrochlorothiazide 25mg evaluated by ambulatory blood pressure measurement].

Author: AsmarR, BoulangerP, BenetosA, DarneB, LaurentS, SafarM

Hypertension control

The captopril-hydrochlorothiazide combination administered once daily was effective in reducing blood pressure in 51 patients with moderate essential hypertension. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly reduced over 24 hours, with no change in heart rate.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : French

21.

[Captopril versus digoxin in the treatment of mild to moderately severe heart failure].

Author: HeckI, MüllerH M, EsserH, LüderitzB

Exercise tolerance improvement
Heart failure improvement
None reported

Captopril + hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) is more effective than digoxin + HCT in treating chronic heart failure. In a randomized, double-blind study of 116 patients, the captopril/HCT group showed significantly greater improvement in echocardiographic intracardiac diameters, exercise tolerance, and NYHA class after 12 months of treatment compared to the digoxin/HCT group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

22.

[Efficacy and tolerability of captopril-hydrochlorothiazide vs amiloride-hydrochlorothiazide combination in mild to moderate arterial hypertension].

Author: MammarellaA, PaolettiV, BarlattaniM, LeoneG, FilippelloC P, MarianiA R

Blood pressure reduction
Blood glucose increase

Both captopril-hydrochlorothiazide and amiloride-hydrochlorothiazide combinations effectively reduced blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension, with captopril-hydrochlorothiazide showing greater efficacy in reducing diastolic values.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Italian

23.

[Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of a fixed dose combination of captopril (CPT) 50 mg and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 15 mg in the elderly].

Author: AntonicelliR, RaffaelliS, BossiniA, PaciaroniE, ZingarettiP, BottaG F

Antihypertensive efficacy
Diastolic blood pressure efficacy

Captopril 50 mg + hydrochlorothiazide 15 mg/die was more effective in lowering diastolic blood pressure than hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg/die in elderly patients with hypertension.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Italian

24.

Treating black hypertensives with capozide.

Author: KatzL A, CobbolC

Effective for hypertension
Well tolerated in blacks
Increased uric acid levels

Capozide (captopril and hydrochlorothiazide) was effective in treating mild-to-moderate essential hypertension in 22 black men. Patients responded equally well to both doses (25/15 and 50/15), with no adverse events reported.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

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