Side Effects of maprotiline: A Synthesis of Findings from 25 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main research findings

Maprotiline is an antidepressant that has been shown to be effective for treating depression in a number of studies. 20 found that maprotiline was as effective as moclobemide, another antidepressant, but had a higher incidence of side effects. In another study, 6 found that maprotiline was effective in treating chronic headaches. However, the authors of that study also suggested that other antidepressants, such as milnacipran, might be more tolerable and have fewer side effects. 12 suggested that maprotiline has a lower risk of side effects compared to other antidepressants, despite some drawbacks.

Reasons for side effects

Maprotiline is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, which means that it blocks the reabsorption of norepinephrine in the brain. This can lead to an increase in the levels of norepinephrine in the brain, which can have a number of effects, including side effects. The mechanism by which maprotiline exerts its effects on the brain was studied by 11 which suggested that maprotiline can block G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels (GIRK), which are involved in regulating neuronal excitability. A study by 8 demonstrated that maprotiline can block the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) K+ channel, which is linked to abnormal heart rhythms.

Common side effects

Drowsiness

Drowsiness is one of the most common side effects of maprotiline. This was observed in studies 20 , 19 and 2 . The study by 24 found that maprotiline can cause side effects primarily associated with the autonomic nervous system, including drowsiness.

Dry mouth

Dry mouth is another common side effect of maprotiline. Studies 20 and 19 both noted dry mouth as a possible side effect of maprotiline. The study by 24 also found that maprotiline could cause dry mouth as a side effect of the autonomic nervous system.

Weight gain

Weight gain is also a possible side effect of maprotiline, as reported by the study 19 .

Gastrointestinal side effects

Maprotiline can also cause gastrointestinal side effects. The study 13 reported a case of hepatitis in a patient taking maprotiline. In another study, 5 , maprotiline was linked to Ogilvie's syndrome, a condition where the colon becomes blocked.

Cardiac side effects

Maprotiline can cause cardiac side effects. 8 found that maprotiline can block HERG K+ channels, which can lead to abnormal heart rhythms. 24 also noted the possibility of cardiotoxic effects from maprotiline.

Nervous system side effects

Maprotiline can also affect the nervous system, leading to side effects such as tremor and difficulty finding words, as reported by 18 .

Others

Maprotiline can cause other side effects, but 24 found no evidence of maprotiline affecting the blood or internal organs. However, 4 indicated that maprotiline is more likely to cause skin side effects than other psychotropic drugs.

Measures for side effects

Drowsiness

If you experience drowsiness after taking maprotiline, avoid driving or operating machinery for several hours after taking it. You should also try to get more sleep.

Dry mouth

If you experience dry mouth after taking maprotiline, be sure to stay hydrated. Chewing gum or sucking on candy can also help.

Weight gain

If you gain weight after taking maprotiline, try diet and exercise to manage your weight. You can also talk to your doctor and get a weight loss medication if needed.

Gastrointestinal side effects

If you experience gastrointestinal side effects after taking maprotiline, talk to your doctor.

Cardiac side effects

If you experience cardiac side effects after taking maprotiline, talk to your doctor immediately.

Nervous system side effects

If you experience nervous system side effects after taking maprotiline, talk to your doctor.

Comparison of studies

Commonalities of studies

Many studies have shown that maprotiline is an effective antidepressant. However, it has also been reported that maprotiline can cause a variety of side effects.

Differences between studies

The incidence and types of maprotiline side effects vary between studies. This is thought to be due to differences in study design and subject characteristics. The relationship between maprotiline side effects and efficacy is still not fully understood.

Points to note about application to real life

Maprotiline is an effective drug for treating depression, but it can cause a variety of side effects. Therefore, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions when taking maprotiline. If you are concerned about maprotiline side effects, talk to your doctor.

Limitations of current research

There is not enough research on maprotiline side effects. Therefore, the incidence and types of maprotiline side effects and the relationship between side effects and efficacy are not yet fully understood.

Future research directions

It is necessary to conduct further research on maprotiline side effects. In particular, research is needed to clarify the incidence and types of maprotiline side effects and the relationship between side effects and efficacy. It is also important to develop methods to prevent or reduce maprotiline side effects.

Conclusion

Maprotiline is an effective drug for treating depression, but it can cause a variety of side effects. Therefore, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions when taking maprotiline. If you are concerned about maprotiline side effects, talk to your doctor.

Literature analysis of 25 papers
Positive Content
18
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
5
Article Type
9
2
2
4
25
1.

Plasma concentrations of fluvoxamine and maprotiline in major depression: implications on therapeutic efficacy and side effects.

Author: KasperS, DötschM, KickH, VieiraA, MöllerH J

Treats depression
Side effects

Fluvoxamine and maprotiline, both antidepressants, were associated with side effects that were more frequent with higher plasma concentrations.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Nomifensine and maprotiline in endogenous depression: comparative efficacy and side effects.

Author: LevinA

Antidepressant action
Rapid action
Side effects

Nomifensine and maprotiline both showed marked antidepressant action with rapid onset. Nomifensine demonstrated a trend towards better improvement at the end of the 1st and 4th weeks. However, maprotiline was associated with significantly more severe side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

3.

Efficacy, side-effects, plasma and blood levels of maprotiline (Ludiomil).

Author: MillerP I, BeaumontG, SeldrupJ, JohnV, LuscombeD K, JonesR

Treats depression
Side effects
Variable efficacy

Maprotiline (Ludiomil) showed variable plasma levels and no clear correlation between clinical response, side-effects, and plasma or blood levels in 2 trials with depressed patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions to psychotropic drugs and their risk factors - a case-control study.

Author: GreilWaldemar, ZhangXueqiong, StassenHans, GrohmannRenate, BridlerRené, HaslerGregor, TotoSermin, BleichStefan, KasperSiegfried

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions

Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs) were more prevalent in patients treated with clomipramine, maprotiline, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, acamprosate, clomethiazole, and disulfiram. Women were more vulnerable to CADRs, especially those under 50 years of age.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Pharmacogenomics and tailored polypharmacy: an 80-year-old lady with rosuvastatin-associated rhabdomyolysis and maprotiline-related Ogilvie's syndrome
.

Author: SreterKatherina B, BarisicBlazenka, Popovic-GrleSanja

Ogilvie's syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis

This case report describes a patient who developed acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome) after taking maprotiline, a tetracyclic antidepressant. This rare side effect highlights the importance of being aware of potential drug interactions, especially in elderly patients who take multiple medications.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

[Antidepressants with different action mechanisms in the treatment of chronic daily headache].

Author: AmelinA V, TarasovaS V, IgnatovIu D, SkorometsA A, MiatlevaM I

Effective for headache
Tolerable
Side effects

This study compared the efficacy and safety of four antidepressants in treating chronic daily headache. All antidepressants were effective, especially for patients with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Milnacipran and amitryptiline were most effective, while escitalopram and milnacipran had fewer side effects.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.

Language : Russian

7.

[Review of pharmacological efficacies and side effects of antidepressants].

Author: Ikenouchi-SugitaAtsuko, YoshimuraReiji, NakamuraJun

Antidepressant efficacy
Side effects

SSRIs and SNRIs are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders and mild to moderate depression. They have fewer side effects than other antidepressants. Tricyclic antidepressants are still effective for severe depression, and mianserin and trazodone can be used to treat delirium.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Japanese

8.

Maprotiline block of the human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) K+ channel.

Author: JoSu-Hyun, HongHee-Kyung, JungSung Jun, ChongSeon Ha, YunJi-Hyun, KohYoung-Sang, ChoeHan

Prolonged QT
Torsades de pointes

This study investigated the effects of maprotiline, an atypical antidepressant, on human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channels, which are important for regulating heart rhythm. The study found that maprotiline blocks HERG channels, potentially explaining its arrhythmogenic side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Epileptogenic drugs: a systematic review.

Author: RuffmannClaudio, BogliunGraziella, BeghiEttore

Epileptic seizures

This systematic review addresses the epileptogenic potential of marketed drugs. Drugs with high epileptogenic potential include meperidine, sevoflurane, clozapine, phenothiazines, and cyclosporine. Drugs with intermediate epileptogenic potential include propofol, maprotiline, tricyclic antidepressants, and chlorambucil.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

10.

Antidepressants and their effect on sleep.

Author: MayersAndrew G, BaldwinDavid S

Insomnia
REM sleep suppression
Sedation

Antidepressants can affect sleep. The effect depends on the class of antidepressant used and the dosage. Insomnia is often seen with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), with all tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) except amitriptyline, and all selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with venlafaxine and moclobemide as well. Sedation has been reported with all TCAs except desipramine, with mirtazapine and nefazodone, the TCA-related maprotiline, trazodone and mianserin, and with all MAOIs. REM sleep suppression has been observed with all TCAs except trimipramine, but especially clomipramine, with all MAOIs and SSRIs and with venlafaxine, trazodone and bupropion.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

11.

Inhibition of G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels by various antidepressant drugs.

Author: KobayashiToru, WashiyamaKazuo, IkedaKazutaka

Antidepressant effect
Arrhythmias
Seizures

This study explores the inhibitory effects of various antidepressants on G protein-activated inwardly rectifying K+ channels (GIRK). The findings suggest that inhibition of GIRK channels by certain antidepressants may contribute to both therapeutic effects and adverse side effects, such as seizures and atrial arrhythmias.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Hepatitis caused by antidepressive therapy with maprotiline and opipramol.

Author: BraunJ S, GeigerR, WehnerH, SchäfferS, BergerM

Hepatotoxicity

This case report describes severe acute hepatitis caused by maprotiline and opipramol in a patient with a history of unipolar depressive disorder. This case highlights the importance of considering hepatic side effects when using these antidepressants, particularly when clinical symptoms emerge.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

14.

A comparison a amitriptyline and maprotiline in the treatment of painful polyneuropathy in diabetics and nondiabetics.

Author: VrethemM, BoivieJ, ArnqvistH, HolmgrenH, LindströmT, ThorellL H

Amitriptyline effective for pain
Maprotiline effective for pain
Side effects

Amitriptyline was more effective than maprotiline and placebo in reducing pain in patients with painful polyneuropathy, both in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. The effect was not significantly correlated to plasma concentrations of either amitriptyline or maprotiline. Tricyclic antidepressants similar to amitriptyline are recommended for treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

A double-blind study comparing paroxetine and maprotiline in depressed outpatients.

Author: SzegediA, WetzelH, AngersbachD, DunbarG C, SchwarzeH, PhilippM, BenkertO

Antidepressant efficacy
Anxiety-reducing properties
Anticholinergic effects
SSRI-typical side effects

Paroxetine and maprotiline were found to be equally effective in treating depression and anxiety, with similar response rates. Side effect profiles differed, with maprotiline causing more anticholinergic effects and paroxetine causing more SSRI-typical side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

16.

[A comparative clinical evaluation of the antidepressive activity of fluoxetine and fluvoxamine].

Author: LopukhovI G

Antidepressant efficacy
Anxiety-reducing properties
Anorgasmia
Dry mouth
Nausea
Reduced libido
Sedation

Fluoxetine and fluvoxamine were effective in treating endogenous depression, with fluoxetine showing a stimulating effect and fluvoxamine having a more uniform antidepressive influence.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Russian

17.

A double-blind, multicentre study of paroxetine and maprotiline in major depression.

Author: SchnyderU, Koller-LeiserA

Comparable side effects
Similar efficacy

Paroxetine and maprotiline showed similar efficacy and side effect profiles in patients with major depression.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

[A case of rare side effects of certain antidepressive drugs].

Author: HaenelT, StöckliH R, TruogP

Depression treatment
Accommodation difficulties
Drug fever
Tremor
Word-finding problems

Fluoxetine, an antidepressant, can cause tremor, accommodation difficulties, and word-finding problems. These side effects can worsen after discontinuation of the drug. Rare adverse effects of maprotiline and clomipramine include drug fever.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : German

19.

Multicenter double-blind study of moclobemide and maprotiline.

Author: Vaz-SerraA, FigueiraM L, FirminoH, AlbuquerqueA J, JaraJ M, PestanaL C

Better tolerated
Faster onset of action
Reduced depression

Moclobemide and maprotiline were found to be equally effective in treating depression, with moclobemide demonstrating a faster onset of action and a better tolerance profile.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of moclobemide and maprotiline in depressed patients treated by general practitioners.

Author: GachoudJ P, DickP, KöhlerM

Better tolerated
Reduced depression

Moclobemide, a new antidepressant drug, was found to be as effective as maprotiline in treating major depression, with a better tolerance profile and fewer side effects such as somnolence and dry mouth.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

21.

[Anxiety-related and depressive disorders in women during the premenopausal and menopausal period. Study of the efficacy and acceptability of tianeptine versus maprotiline].

Author: ChabyL, GrinszteinA, WeitzmanJ J, de BodinatC, DagensV

Effective for anxiodepressive disorders
Well tolerated
Side effects

Tianeptine (T) and maprotiline (M) were compared in their effectiveness and tolerability in treating anxiety and depression in menopausal and premenopausal women. Both medications were found to improve symptoms, but tianeptine showed a greater improvement and significantly fewer side effects than maprotiline. Moreover, combining tianeptine with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) yielded even greater improvements in anxiety symptoms.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : French

22.

Amitriptyline versus maprotiline in postherpetic neuralgia: a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial.

Author: WatsonPeter N C, ChipmanMary, ReedKen, EvansRamon J, BirkettNicholas

Effective for postherpetic neuralgia
Less effective than amitriptyline
Side effects

Maprotiline, a noradrenergic antidepressant, was found to be less effective than amitriptyline, a mixed noradrenergic and serotonergic antidepressant, in relieving postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Both medications, however, were associated with troublesome side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

[A randomized controlled trail of maprotiline treatment of depressive disorder].

Author: LeiM

Safe and effective
Similar efficacy to Ludimil
Similar side effects to Ludimil

A Chinese maprotiline product was found to be as safe and effective as the commercially available Ludimil (Cida-Geigy) in treating depression. In a study of 96 patients, both groups showed similar efficacy, dosage, therapeutic effects, and adverse reactions.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Chinese

24.

[Evaluation of side effects and complications during the treatment of affective psychoses with thymoleptics].

Author: HorodnickiJ M, Warnecka-PrzybylskaM, BłońskaJ, KobiernickaZ, DrechslerM

Effective for affective psychosis
Cardiotoxic effects
Side effects

Six antidepressants (amitriptyline, imipramine, maprotiline, mianserin, clomipramine, and citalopram) were evaluated in 84 patients with affective psychosis. All drugs showed comparable clinical value, with side effects mainly related to the autonomic nervous system. Tricyclic antidepressants caused cardiotoxic effects not observed with citalopram.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Polish

25.

A randomized, double-blind study of fluoxetine and maprotiline in the treatment of major depression.

Author: de JongheF, RavelliD P, Tuynman-QuaH

Depression treatment
Weight change

Fluoxetine and maprotiline, antidepressants, showed similar efficacy in treating major depression in 30 and 35 hospitalized patients, respectively. Both drugs were well tolerated, with the only significant difference being weight change: weight loss in the fluoxetine group and weight gain in the maprotiline group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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