Side Effects of telbivudine: A Synthesis of Findings from 33 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Telbivudine is a new antiviral drug approved in the USA and Europe for chronic hepatitis B treatment. 26 It has been found to be a potent antiviral agent, with a rapid effect against HBV and an excellent safety profile. 26 However, while generally well-tolerated, telbivudine, like other nucleoside/nucleotide analogues, can have side effects. 2 While these side effects are rare, they can be serious and affect a large number of patients. 2 Specifically, telbivudine has a higher risk of causing muscle-related side effects compared to other nucleoside/nucleotide analogues. 1 The exact risk factors for telbivudine-induced myopathy are still unclear. 1 Telbivudine has been found to be safe for use in pregnant women during the second and third trimesters, effectively preventing perinatal transmission of HBV to infants without any reported safety concerns for the infants. 7 This safety has been observed in long-term follow-ups of up to 5 years, showing no adverse effects on the infants' growth and development. 7 .

Reason for Side Effects

Telbivudine, like other nucleoside/nucleotide analogues, can potentially inhibit human DNA polymerase γ, which is involved in mitochondrial DNA replication. 21 This inhibition can lead to a reduction in intracellular mitochondrial DNA levels, resulting in various manifestations of mitochondrial toxicity such as neuropathy, myopathy, and lactic acidosis. 21 Telbivudine's potential for stronger inhibition of human DNA polymerase γ compared to other analogues could contribute to its higher risk of muscle-related side effects. 1 .

Common Side Effects

Muscle Related

Telbivudine can cause muscle-related side effects, including muscle pain, weakness, and myositis. 1 It's important to note that telbivudine may have a higher risk of causing these side effects compared to other nucleoside/nucleotide analogues. 1 .

Kidney Related

Telbivudine can affect kidney function, potentially leading to decreased urine output and swelling. 10 However, some studies suggest that telbivudine might actually improve kidney function, while others indicate potential for deterioration. 10 These differences could be attributed to variations in study populations or methodologies. 10 .

Liver Related

Telbivudine might affect liver function, potentially leading to symptoms like jaundice and ascites. 10 However, research on the liver-related side effects of telbivudine is limited, and more studies are needed to understand its impact on liver function.

Side Effect Management

Muscle Related

If you experience muscle-related side effects, telbivudine treatment might be stopped. 1 Corticosteroids might be prescribed to reduce muscle inflammation. 1 Regular monitoring of muscle function is crucial. 1 .

Kidney Related

If kidney function declines, telbivudine treatment might be stopped. 10 Medications to improve kidney function might be administered. 10 Regular kidney function checks are important. 10 .

Liver Related

If liver function declines, telbivudine treatment might be stopped. 10 Medications to improve liver function might be administered. 10 Regular liver function checks are crucial. 10 .

Comparison between Studies

Commonalities

Multiple studies show that telbivudine is effective for treating chronic hepatitis B. 26 27 33 16 24 25 31 29 23 18 20 32 18 Additionally, numerous studies suggest that telbivudine has a higher risk of causing muscle-related side effects, such as myositis and neuropathy, compared to other nucleoside/nucleotide analogues. 1 4 .

Differences

Some studies present conflicting results regarding the side effects of telbivudine. 10 For example, one study suggests that telbivudine might improve kidney function, while another indicates potential for kidney function decline. 10 These discrepancies could be explained by variations in study populations or research methodologies. 10 .

Real-World Application Considerations

Telbivudine is an effective treatment for chronic hepatitis B, but it's crucial to be aware of its higher risk of muscle-related side effects. 1 If you're taking telbivudine, regularly monitor your muscle function and consult your doctor if you experience muscle pain. 1 It's also important to be aware that telbivudine can affect kidney and liver function, so regular monitoring of these organs is essential. 10 .

Limitations of Current Research

Research on the side effects of telbivudine is still limited. 1 The risk factors for telbivudine-induced myopathy (TIM) are not yet clearly identified. 1 Moreover, long-term side effects of telbivudine are not fully understood. 6 .

Future Research Directions

Further research is essential to identify the risk factors for telbivudine-induced myopathy (TIM). 1 Additionally, research into the long-term side effects of telbivudine is crucial. 6 These studies are essential for obtaining more comprehensive information about the safe use of telbivudine.

Conclusion

Telbivudine is an effective treatment for chronic hepatitis B, but it's important to be aware of its higher risk of muscle-related side effects. 1 If you're taking telbivudine, regularly monitor your muscle function and consult your doctor if you experience muscle pain. 1 Research on telbivudine's side effects is still limited. 1 Further studies are needed to identify the risk factors for telbivudine-induced myopathy (TIM). 1 These studies are essential for obtaining more comprehensive information about the safe use of telbivudine.

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Hepatitis B treatment
2
Hepatitis B treatment
MTCT prevention
3
Nucleoside analogues for CHB
TAF renal and bone safety
5
Hepatitis B treatment
6
HBV transmission prevention
7
Optimized therapy
8
Hepatitis B treatment
9
Hepatitis B treatment
10
Interrupt HBV transmission
Lower HBV DNA levels
Safe for mothers and children
11
Ameliorates severe aHBV infection
Prevents liver failure
12
Effective viral suppression
Favorable safety profile
HBeAg seroconversion
13
HBV DNA reduction
HBeAg seroconversion
14
Hepatitis B prevention
Telbivudine efficacy
15
Chronic hepatitis B treatment
16
Hepatitis B treatment
17
Hepatitis B treatment
18
Hepatitis B treatment
20
Anti-HBV activity
Anti-HCV activity
22
Hepatitis B treatment
23
Better tolerability
High response rate
Viral suppression
24
hepatitis B treatment
25
hepatitis B treatment
26
Drug resistance
Treat HBV
27
Antiviral therapy
Reduced cancer risk
28
Hepatitis B treatment
29
Hepatitis B treatment
30
Hepatitis B treatment
31
Antiviral activity against hepatitis B
Improved ALT normalization
Reduced hepatitis B e-antigen loss
32
Chronic hepatitis B treatment
33
Risk Keywords
Myotoxicity
1
Abdominal pain
Fatigue
Headache
Nasopharyngitis
2
HBsAg titre
3
Lactic acidosis
Multiple organ failure
Myositis
Neuritis
Rhabdomyolysis
4
Adefovir bone toxicity
Adefovir nephrotoxicity
Telbivudine muscular toxicity
5
Bone toxicity
Lactic acidosis
Myopathy
Nephrotoxicity
Neuropathy
6
Hospitalization
7
Suboptimal response
8
Nephrotoxicity
10
Adverse events
12
Renal function increase
13
Viral breakthrough
14
Analogue resistance
IFN side effects
16
Long-term therapy
Safety concerns
17
Drug resistance
18
Muscle damage
19
Drug resistance
Treatment side effects
20
Mitochondrial toxicity
Reduced bone mineral density
Renal toxicity
21
Severe side effects
22
Antiviral resistance
Liver failure
23
Drug resistance
Poor response sustainability
Severe side effects
24
resistance
side effects
25
resistance
26
Side effects
27
Drug resistance
Limited efficacy
Poor tolerability
28
Hepatitis B virus clearance
Resistance
Side effects
Treatment relapse
Viral replication
29
Resistance
Side effects
30
Drug resistance
31
Literature analysis of 33 papers
Positive Content
29
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
3
Article Type
3
1
1
16
33
1.

Telbivudine-Induced Myopathy: Clinical Features, Histopathological Characteristics, and Risk Factors.

Author: LanMin-Yu, LinHui-Chen, HuTsung-Hui, ChenShu-Fang, ChenChien-Hung, ChangYung-Yee, ChiuKing-Wah, LinTsu-Kung, ChenShun-Sheng

Myotoxicity

Telbivudine, a nucleos(t)ide analog (NA) for chronic hepatitis B (CHB), is often associated with myotoxicity. The risk factors for telbivudine-induced myopathy (TIM) remain unclear.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

2.

Adverse events of nucleos(t)ide analogues for chronic hepatitis B: a systematic review.

Author: de FragaRaquel Scherer, Van VaisbergVictor, MendesLuiz Cláudio Alfaia, CarrilhoFlair José, OnoSuzane Kioko

Hepatitis B treatment
Abdominal pain
Fatigue
Headache
Nasopharyngitis

Nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) are widely used to treat chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and are generally safe, with a low incidence of adverse events (AEs). The most common AEs reported in this review were abdominal pain/discomfort, nasopharyngitis/upper respiratory tract infections, fatigue, and headache. Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) had the highest density of AEs per patient treated, but more research is needed to confirm its safety profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

3.

Efficacy and safety of telbivudine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in preventing hepatitis B vertical transmission: A real-life practice.

Author: LiuJinfeng, WangJing, YanTaotao, DuDan, QiCaijing, CaoFurong, YaoNaijuan, YangYuan, HeYingli, TianZhen, RenDanfeng, ZhuLi, ChenTianyan, ZhaoYingren

Hepatitis B treatment
MTCT prevention
HBsAg titre

This prospective multicentre cohort study compared the efficacy and safety of telbivudine (LdT) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in preventing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) during the second to third trimester. Both treatments were well tolerated and demonstrated comparable efficacy in reducing MTCT, with higher risk of transmission associated with higher HBsAg titres.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Rhabdomyolysis, lactic acidosis, and multiple organ failure during telbivudine treatment for hepatitis B: a case report and review of the literature.

Author: ZhengJinxin, DengMinggui, QiuXiaoliang, ChenZhong, LiDuoyun, DengXiangbin, DengQiwen, YuZhijian

Lactic acidosis
Multiple organ failure
Myositis
Neuritis
Rhabdomyolysis

Telbivudine can cause severe side effects, including myositis, neuritis, rhabdomyolysis, and lactic acidosis. This case report presents a rare instance of telbivudine-induced severe polymyositis, lactic acidosis, and multiple organ failure.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Review article: long-term safety of oral anti-viral treatment for chronic hepatitis B.

Author: WongG L-H, SetoW-K, WongV W-S, YuenM-F, ChanH L-Y

Nucleoside analogues for CHB
TAF renal and bone safety
Adefovir bone toxicity
Adefovir nephrotoxicity
Telbivudine muscular toxicity

Long-term safety profiles of nucleoside analogues are better defined, with the new nucleotide analogue TAF demonstrating favorable renal and bone safety compared to TDF.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

9.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of lamivudine, telbivudine, and entecavir in treatment of chronic hepatitis B with adefovir dipivoxil resistance.

Author: WangGuiliang, LiuYan, QiuPing, ZhouShu-Feng, XuLinfang, WenPing, WenJianbo, XiaoXianzhong

Hepatitis B treatment

A study compared the cost-effectiveness of three different drug combinations for treating chronic hepatitis B infection in patients who have developed resistance to adefovir dipivoxil. Lamivudine + adefovir dipivoxil was the most cost-effective option, with telbivudine + adefovir dipivoxil as an alternative in less developed areas and entecavir + adefovir dipivoxil in developed areas.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Comparison of renal safety and efficacy of telbivudine, entecavir and tenofovir treatment in chronic hepatitis B patients: real world experience.

Author: TsaiM-C, ChenC-H, TsengP-L, HungC-H, ChiuK-W, WangJ-H, LuS-N, LeeC-M, ChangK-C, YenY-H, LinM-T, ChouY-P, HuT-H

Hepatitis B treatment
Nephrotoxicity

Tenofovir may cause renal function deterioration, while telbivudine is associated with a high rate of virological breakthrough. Entecavir appears to be the best choice among these three agents with low rates of virological breakthrough and preservation of renal function.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Comparison of telbivudine versus lamivudine in interrupting perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus.

Author: YuMin-Min, JiangQian, JiYing, WuKai-Hua, JuLi-Li, TangXun, YangYong-Feng

Interrupt HBV transmission
Lower HBV DNA levels
Safe for mothers and children

Telbivudine and lamivudine were both effective in reducing HBV DNA levels in pregnant women and interrupting perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus. Both drugs were safe for mothers and children.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Treatment of severe, nonfulminant acute hepatitis B with lamivudine vs placebo: a prospective randomized double-blinded multicentre trial.

Author: WiegandJ, WedemeyerH, FrankeA, RößlerS, ZeuzemS, TeuberG, WächtlerM, RömmeleU, RufB, SpenglerU, TrautweinC, BockC T, FiedlerG M, ThieryJ, MannsM P, BrosteanuO, TillmannH L,

Ameliorates severe aHBV infection
Prevents liver failure
Adverse events

Lamivudine treatment was studied in patients with severe acute hepatitis B infection. While the study did not find statistically significant differences between treatment groups due to limited patient numbers, lamivudine may improve recovery time and prevent progression to liver failure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Efficacy and safety of continuous 4-year telbivudine treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Author: WangY, ThongsawatS, GaneE J, LiawY-F, JiaJ, HouJ, ChanH L Y, PapatheodoridisG, WanM, NiuJ, BaoW, TrylesinskiA, NaoumovN V

Effective viral suppression
Favorable safety profile
HBeAg seroconversion
Renal function increase

Two additional years of telbivudine treatment continued to provide effective viral suppression with a favourable safety profile. Moreover, telbivudine achieved 53% of HBeAg seroconversion in HBeAg-positive patients.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Efficacy and safety of telbivudine plus adefovir dipivoxil combination therapy and entecavir monotherapy for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with resistance to adefovir dipivoxil.

Author: LuJia-Jie, LiuKai, MaYuan-Ji, WangJuan, ChenEn-Qiang, TangHong

HBV DNA reduction
HBeAg seroconversion
Viral breakthrough

Telbivudine plus adefovir and entecavir monotherapy were effective in treating hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with resistance to adefovir dipivoxil (ADV). Telbivudine plus adefovir had a significantly higher rate of HBeAg seroconversion.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

[Efficacy and safety of telbivudine treatment to block mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: a meta-analysis].

Author: XuHe-xiangg, WangLi-juan, YuYa-xin, WuYa-ping, XuYun-fang, LiuXin-xiang, ChenYong

Hepatitis B prevention
Telbivudine efficacy

Telbivudine treatment was effective and safe in preventing mother-to-child transmission of HBV from chronically infected mothers with a high degree of infectivity late in pregnancy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : Chinese

18.

Treatment of HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B with nucleos(t)ide analogues.

Author: LeungNancy

Hepatitis B treatment
Drug resistance

Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs), particularly entecavir and tenofovir, are the preferred treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in the immune clearance phase. They offer high efficacy and low risk of resistance development, making them the most favorable option in many patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

19.

Myotoxicity of telbivudine in pre-existing muscle damage.

Author: FinstererJosef, AyLeyla

Muscle damage

Telbivudine may accelerate muscle toxicity in patients with pre-existing muscle damage. Close monitoring for muscular side effects is essential, and the drug should be avoided in patients with pre-existing muscle pathology.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

20.

New approaches to optimize treatment responses in chronic hepatitis B.

Author: BrunettoMaurizia R, LokAnna S

Hepatitis B treatment
Drug resistance
Treatment side effects

This article reviews current approaches to optimize treatment response to nucleoside/nucleotide analogue- and interferon-based therapies for chronic hepatitis B, highlighting the importance of risk-benefit assessment and strategies to minimize drug resistance.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

21.

Side effects of long-term oral antiviral therapy for hepatitis B.

Author: FontanaRobert J

Mitochondrial toxicity
Reduced bone mineral density
Renal toxicity

This review summarizes the safety profile of five approved oral nucleoside analogs used to treat chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, highlighting potential adverse effects, including mitochondrial toxicity, renal toxicity, and bone mineral density reduction.

Consensus Development Conference, NIHA conference organized by the NIH (National Institutes of Health) to develop consensus and recommendations on medical issues.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

22.

Natural products as promising drug candidates for the treatment of hepatitis B and C.

Author: WohlfarthCarolin, EfferthThomas

Anti-HBV activity
Anti-HCV activity
Severe side effects

Natural products like deoxynojirimycin derivatives, NIM811, and 2-arylbenzofuran derivatives show promise as potential anti-HCV agents. Wogonin, ellagic acid, artemisinin, and other natural products may be effective against HBV.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

25.

Telbivudine: a new treatment for chronic hepatitis B.

Author: AmarapurkarDeepak N

hepatitis B treatment
resistance
side effects

Telbivudine is a novel, orally administered nucleoside analogue for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Telbivudine has demonstrated potent antiviral activity against hepatitis B with a significantly higher rate of response and superior viral suppression compared with lamivudine. Telbivudine is well tolerated and has a low adverse effect profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

26.

Therapy of chronic hepatitis B: focus on telbivudine.

Author: GaetaGiovanni Battista, StornaiuoloGianfranca

hepatitis B treatment
resistance

Telbivudine is a novel, orally administered nucleoside analogue for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Telbivudine has demonstrated potent antiviral activity against hepatitis B with a significantly higher rate of response and superior viral suppression compared with lamivudine. Telbivudine is well tolerated and has a low adverse effect profile.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

27.

Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infections: the past, the present and the future.

Author: FérirGeoffrey, KapteinSuzanne, NeytsJohan, De ClercqErik

Drug resistance
Treat HBV
Side effects

Treatments for chronic hepatitis B virus infection have significantly improved over the past decade, with several new drugs being licensed and others in development.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

28.

Telbivudine: a new option for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Author: Ruiz-SanchoAndrés, SheldonJulie, SorianoVincent

Antiviral therapy
Reduced cancer risk
Drug resistance
Limited efficacy
Poor tolerability

This abstract provides an overview of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the current treatment options, including telbivudine, the latest approved anti-HBV agent.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

29.

Treating chronic hepatitis B: today and tomorrow.

Author: BorgiaG, GentileI

Hepatitis B treatment
Hepatitis B virus clearance
Resistance
Side effects
Treatment relapse
Viral replication

This review discusses the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, including the mechanism of action, efficacy, safety, and resistance of various agents. It examines the potential of new drugs and combination therapy for treating this disease.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

30.

[Therapy of chronic hepatitis B].

Author: NegroF, HadengueA

Hepatitis B treatment
Resistance
Side effects

This article discusses treatment options for chronic hepatitis B, focusing on the different types of medications available and their effectiveness in suppressing viral replication and controlling disease progression. The article highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each drug, including their potential for resistance development and side effects.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : French

31.

Clinical trial results of new therapies for HBV: implications for treatment guidelines.

Author: GishRobert G

Hepatitis B treatment
Drug resistance

This article explores new treatments for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The current approved therapies are limited by low sustained response rates, side effects, and drug resistance. Newer agents like entecavir and pegylated interferons offer increased potency and reduced resistance potential. Several promising anti-HBV agents in phase II clinical trials, such as tenofovir, clevudine, telbivudine, pradefovir, and valtorcitabine, show potential for future treatment options.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

32.

Telbivudine: a new nucleoside analogue for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Author: HanSteven-Huy B

Antiviral activity against hepatitis B
Improved ALT normalization
Reduced hepatitis B e-antigen loss

Telbivudine demonstrated potent antiviral activity against hepatitis B in clinical trials. It showed superior efficacy to lamivudine and was well tolerated with no significant safety concerns.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

33.

New treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Author: LokAnna S

Chronic hepatitis B treatment

New antiviral treatments for chronic hepatitis B are being studied to overcome limitations of current therapies, such as low response rates, side effects, and drug resistance.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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