Effective treatment of cytomegalovirus infections: A Synthesis of Findings from 26 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a serious problem for immunocompromised patients. Treatment options for CMV infection are limited, and existing treatments can have significant side effects. This article summarizes the latest research findings on treatment options for CMV infection and discusses their efficacy and safety.

Treatment Summary

Treatment for CMV infection varies depending on the patient's immune status and the severity of the infection. Common treatment options include the administration of antiviral medications. For example, drugs such as ganciclovir and valganciclovir are used.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Antiviral medications are expected to improve the symptoms of CMV infection and suppress the progression of the infection.

Risks Summary

Antiviral medications have the risk of side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, and rash. Serious side effects include myelosuppression and liver dysfunction.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities of Studies

Multiple studies have shown that antiviral medications are effective in treating CMV infection. However, the effectiveness and side effects of each drug can vary depending on the patient's condition, so caution is required.

Differences in Studies

Studies vary in terms of the effective antiviral drugs and treatment duration. This is thought to be due to differences in the patient populations and severity of infection studied.

Consistency and Inconsistencies of Results

Multiple study results suggest that antiviral medications are effective in treating CMV infection. However, further research is needed to determine which drugs are optimal and how long treatment should continue.

Considerations for Real-World Application

Treatment of CMV infection should be done under the guidance of a physician. Self-treating is dangerous and you should always seek medical attention. Also, antiviral medications have the risk of side effects, so you should discuss your treatment options with your doctor and choose the appropriate treatment.

Limitations of Current Research

Treatment options for CMV infection are not yet fully established. Development of new treatments and improvement of existing treatments are needed.

Future Directions of Research

Future research should focus on the development of new treatments for CMV infection, validation of the effectiveness and safety of existing treatments, and the establishment of personalized medicine tailored to patient conditions.

Conclusion

CMV infection is a serious problem for immunocompromised patients. Antiviral medications are an effective way to treat CMV infection, but they have the risk of side effects. Further development of safer and more effective treatment options is expected.

List of Treatments

Antiviral medication, Ganciclovir, Valganciclovir

Literature analysis of 26 papers
Positive Content
23
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
3
Article Type
1
0
0
13
26
4.

Targeting the terminase: An important step forward in the treatment and prophylaxis of human cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: GentryBrian G, BognerElke, DrachJohn C

HCMV treatment

This article reviews the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) terminase as a target for drugs, examining its role in viral replication and discussing inhibitors discovered through medicinal chemistry and target-specific design.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Cyclophilin A as a target in the treatment of cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: A AbdullahAshwaq, AbdullahRasedee, A NazariahZeenathul, N BalakrishnanKrishnan, Firdaus J AbdullahFaez, A BalaJamilu, Mohd-LilaMohd-Azmi

Reduced drug resistance
Reduced toxicity

Targeting host cell proteins or pathways that mediate viral replication is a promising new approach to antiviral drug development.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

6.

Antenatal treatment options for primary cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: KaganKarl Oliver, SonekJiri, HamprechtKlaus

CMV infection prevention
Reduced severity

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common fetal viral infection. This article discusses strategies for primary prevention of CMV infection during pregnancy and treatment options for maternal and fetal infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

7.

Prevention and Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infections in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

Author: KovalChristine E

CMV infection control

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a significant problem in solid organ transplant recipients. Antiviral medications are used to prevent serious complications, but side effects and drug resistance limit their effectiveness. This article discusses current and promising approaches to CMV management in transplant recipients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

8.

Treatment of cytomegalovirus infections beyond acute disease to improve human health.

Author: Söderberg-NauclérCecilia

Improved outcome for CMV infections
Improved outcome for cancer
Improved outcome for inflammatory diseases

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus that can cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients. This review discusses the potential of anti-CMV therapy to improve outcomes in patients with acute CMV infections, inflammatory diseases, and cancer.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Severe cytomegalovirus infections in immunocompetent patients at admission as dengue mimic: successful treatment with intravenous ganciclovir.

Author: TirumalaSuhasini, BeheraBijayini, LingalaShilpa, KumarB Vijay, MishraPradeep Kumar, GurunathJ M, HariCharan, Kartik, Naresh

CMV infection management
CMV activation
Increased morbidity
Increased mortality

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in immunosuppressed individuals. This study examines the incidence and association of CMV reactivation with adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill patients lacking evidence of immunosuppression at ICU admission.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

11.

Failure of pre-emptive treatment of cytomegalovirus infections and antiviral resistance in stem cell transplant recipients.

Author: van der BeekMartha T, MarijtErik W A F, VossenAnn C T M, van der Blij-de BrouwerCaroline S, WolterbeekRon, HalkesConstantijn J M, ClaasEric C J, KroesAloys C M

Defined risk factors for treatment failure

Pre-emptive treatment for CMV infections after stem cell transplantation is often ineffective due to viral resistance or immune failure. This study investigated risk factors for treatment failure and the role of antiviral resistance.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

13.

Recent advances in the prevention and treatment of congenital cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: AdlerStuart P, NigroGiovanni, PereiraLenore

CMV prevention
CMV tx

Recent advances in our understanding of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection have led to improved diagnostic tools, preventive measures, and potential treatment options. Primary maternal CMV infection during pregnancy is associated with the most severe congenital disease, while hygienic intervention can prevent child-to-mother transmission. CMV hyperimmune globulin and antiviral agents like ganciclovir are promising therapeutic approaches for congenital CMV infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

14.

The role of photochemical treatment with amotosalen and UV-A light in the prevention of transfusion-transmitted cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: RobackJohn D, ConlanMaureen, DrewW Lawrence, LjungmanPer, NicholsW Garrett, PreiksaitisJutta K

Broad pathogen inactivation
Prevent TT-CMV

This review discusses the use of photochemical treatment (PCT) to inactivate cytomegalovirus (CMV) in platelet concentrates. PCT has been shown to effectively reduce CMV infectivity and may play a role in preventing transfusion-transmitted CMV infection in at-risk patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

15.

Oral treatment of murine cytomegalovirus infections with ether lipid esters of cidofovir.

Author: KernEarl R, CollinsDeborah J, WanW Brad, BeadleJames R, HostetlerKarl Y, QuenelleDebra C

Effective against CMV infection
Improved oral bioavailability
Reduced virus titers

This study evaluated the efficacy of oral ether lipid ester prodrugs of cidofovir (CDV) against murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infection in mice. The results showed that oral HDP-CDV or ODE-CDV was as effective as parenteral CDV for treating MCMV infection, suggesting potential for further evaluation in humans.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

17.

RNase P ribozymes for the studies and treatment of human cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: TrangPhong, KilaniAhmed, LeeJarone, HsuAmy, LiouKwa, KimJoe, NassiArash, KimKihoon, LiuFenyong

HCMV treatment
Viral gene inhibition

This study investigated the potential of RNaseP ribozymes as gene-targeting agents for regulating gene expression, specifically in human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). RNaseP ribozymes effectively cleaved the IE mRNA and TK mRNA sequences in vitro, leading to significant inhibition of HCMV IE1/IE2 and HSV-1 TK expression. These findings suggest that RNaseP ribozymes could be a new approach for studying HCMV gene function and treating HCMV infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

18.

2-Chloro-3-pyridin-3-yl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindolizine-1-carboxamide (CMV423), a new lead compound for the treatment of human cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: SnoeckRobert, AndreiGraciela, BodaghiBahram, LagneauxLaurence, DaelemansDirk, de ClercqErik, NeytsJohan, ScholsDominique, NaesensLieve, MichelsonSusan, BronDominique, OttoMichael J, BousseauAnne, NemecekConception, RoyChristine

Anti-HCMV activity
Synergistic activity

CMV423, a novel antiviral agent, demonstrated potent in vitro activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), including strains resistant to existing drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

21.

Effective treatment of murine cytomegalovirus infections with methylenecyclopropane analogues of nucleosides.

Author: RybakR J, ZemlickaJ, QiuY L, HartlineC B, KernE R

Antiviral activity
Significant protection
Less effective than GCV

Several new nucleoside analogues with a Z- or E-methylenecyclopropane structure exhibited significant activity against cytomegaloviruses in tissue culture. Some of these analogues demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in a murine cytomegalovirus infection model.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

22.

Cytomegalovirus infections after treatment with daclizumab, an anti IL-2 receptor antibody, for prevention of renal allograft rejection. Roche Study Group.

Author: HengsterP, PescovitzM D, HyattD, MargreiterR

Delayed CMV onset
Reduced risk of rejection

Daclizumab, a humanized anti-IL-2 receptor monoclonal antibody, was found to effectively reduce the risk of acute rejection in renal transplant patients without causing an increase in opportunistic infections. It may also have a beneficial effect on CMV infection rates.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

23.

Current aspects of diagnosis and treatment of cytomegalovirus infections in infants.

Author: NumazakiK, ChibaS

Congenital CMV infection
Perinatal CMV infection

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of congenital and perinatal infections worldwide. High prevalence of CMV infection is associated mainly with universal breast feeding practices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

24.

[Treatment of cytomegalovirus infections in HIV infection].

Author: BretonG, CrémieuxA C

Delayed recurrence
Improved functional prognosis
Emergence of resistance
Retinal detachment

Ganciclovir and foscarnet are standard therapies for CMV infection in AIDS patients. Oral ganciclovir and local treatments (intravitreal injections, intravireal implants) may be used if intravenous administration is contraindicated.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : French

25.

Combination of antiviral immunotoxin and ganciclovir or cidofovir for the treatment of murine cytomegalovirus infections.

Author: SmeeD F, SidwellR W, BarnettB B

MCMV treatment

Two anti-murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) immunotoxins used in combination with ganciclovir (GCV) or cidofovir (HPMPC) showed synergistic inhibition of virus yield in vitro. In MCMV-infected SCID mice, the combination of immunotoxin plus GCV was better than GCV alone, extending survival time.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

26.

Combined foscarnet -ganciclovir treatment for cytomegalovirus infections after allogeneic hemopoietic stem cell transplantation (Hsct).

Author: BacigalupoA, BreganteS, TedoneE, IsazaA, Van LintM T, MoroF, TrespiG, OcchiniD, GualandiF, LamparelliT, MarmontA M

Cleared CMV antigenemia
Reduced transplant related mortality
CMV reactivation
Death

Combined foscarnet-ganciclovir treatment cleared CMV-antigenemia in 31 out of 32 allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients. The regimen was well-tolerated and may reduce transplant-related mortality.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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