Side Effects of idarubicin: A Synthesis of Findings from 29 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Main Research Findings

Idarubicin is an anticancer drug used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Idarubicin works by binding to DNA and inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. However, idarubicin can cause side effects in various organs, including the heart, liver, and bone marrow. 28 、 12

Studies have shown that idarubicin is effective in treating AML. 26 、 21 、 13 、 19 On the other hand, idarubicin can cause side effects such as cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, gastrointestinal symptoms, fever, and liver dysfunction. 28 、 15 、 12 、 1 、 26 、 19

Idarubicin is a drug with strong side effects, but with appropriate dosage and administration methods, the risk of side effects can be reduced. 18 、 7 、 3

Reasons for side effects

Idarubicin binds to DNA to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Therefore, idarubicin can bind to the DNA of normal cells as well as cancer cells, causing side effects. 12

Common side effects

Cardiotoxicity

Idarubicin can damage the heart muscle and impair heart function. 28 、 12 、 1

Myelosuppression

Idarubicin can damage hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow, reducing the number of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets. 28 、 1 、 26 、 19

Gastrointestinal symptoms

Idarubicin can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and diarrhea. 19

Fever

Idarubicin can cause fever. 26 、 19

Liver dysfunction

Idarubicin can impair liver function. 19

Countermeasures for side effects

Cardiotoxicity

Drugs such as dexrazoxane are used to prevent cardiotoxicity. 12

Myelosuppression

Drugs such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) are used to prevent myelosuppression. 26

Gastrointestinal symptoms

Antiemetics are used to suppress nausea and vomiting. 19

Fever

Antipyretics are used to prevent fever. 26

Comparison between studies

Commonalities

Many studies have shown that idarubicin is effective in treating AML. 26 、 21 、 13 、 19 Also, it is common that idarubicin can cause side effects such as cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and gastrointestinal symptoms. 28 、 15 、 12 、 1 、 26 、 19

Differences

The dosage and administration method of idarubicin, as well as the incidence of side effects, vary from study to study. 22 、 21 、 14 、 1 Also, countermeasures for idarubicin side effects vary from study to study. 28 、 12 、 26

Precautions for real-life applications

Idarubicin is a drug with strong side effects. Therefore, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and understand the risks of side effects when using idarubicin. 18 、 7 、 3

Limitations of current research

Research on the side effects of idarubicin is still insufficient. 17 、 14 、 10 In particular, little is known about the long-term side effects of idarubicin. 28 、 15 、 12

Future research directions

Further research is needed to better understand the side effects of idarubicin. 17 、 14 、 10 In particular, it is important to elucidate the long-term side effects of idarubicin. 28 、 15 、 12

Conclusion

Idarubicin is an effective drug for treating AML, but it is a drug with strong side effects. 18 、 7 、 3 When using idarubicin, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully and understand the risks of side effects. 18 、 7 、 3 Research on the side effects of idarubicin is still insufficient. 17 、 14 、 10 Further research is needed to better understand the side effects of idarubicin and reduce the risk of side effects. 28 、 15 、 12

Literature analysis of 29 papers
Positive Content
27
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
1
Article Type
0
0
0
3
26
2.

Pharmacokinetics of oral idarubicin in breast cancer patients with reference to antitumor activity and side effects.

Author: ElbaekK, EbbehøjE, JakobsenA, JuulP, RasmussenS N, BastholtL, DalmarkM, SteinessE

Leukocyte reduction

Idarubicin, a chemotherapy drug, showed no significant age-related differences in pharmacokinetics in patients with breast cancer. However, patients with rapid disease progression had lower plasma drug levels.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

4.

Case Report: Genetic Analysis of PEG-Asparaginase Induced Severe Hypertriglyceridemia in an Adult With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia.

Author: IannuzziArcangelo, AnnunziataMario, FortunatoGiuliana, GiacobbeCarola, PalmaDaniela, BrescianiAlessandro, AlibertiEmilio, IannuzzoGabriella

ALL treatment
Hypertriglyceridemia

A 28-year-old male developed severe hypertriglyceridemia after treatment with PEG-asparaginase for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Genetic analysis revealed a rare heterozygous missense variant c.11G > A-p.(Arg4Gln) in the APOC3 gene and its association with four common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to increased plasma triglyceride levels.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

5.

Papilledema and idiopathic intracranial hypertension due to the possible potentiation of ATRA by posaconazole in a case of acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Author: AtasUnal, Aydin ErsoyMerve, IltarUtku, YucelOrhan Kemal, TurkogluElif Betul, SalimOzan

IIH

This case report discusses the diagnosis and treatment process of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) emerging in a young acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) case.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

6.

Anthracycline derivatives inhibit cardiac CYP2J2.

Author: KimJustin S, ArangoAndres S, ShahSwapnil, ArnoldWilliam R, TajkhorshidEmad, DasAditi

Anthracycline cardiotoxicity

This study investigated the interaction of anthracycline derivatives with CYP2J2, an enzyme involved in the production of cardioprotective epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs). The findings suggest that anthracyclines can inhibit CYP2J2, potentially contributing to cardiotoxicity.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Video-Audio MediaMedia that combines video and audio. Includes movies, TV shows, and online videos.

Language : English

8.

Distinct Characteristics of Sweet's Syndrome of the Scrotum Caused by All-<i>trans</i> Retinoic Acid in a Patient with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia.

Author: ImatakiOsamu, YoshidaShunsuke, KajiTomohiro, KidaJun-Ichiro, KuboHiroyuki, UemuraMakiko, FujitaHaruyuki, KadowakiNorimitsu

APL treatment
Sweet's syndrome

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a drug used for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). This study reports a case of a patient with APL who developed Sweet's syndrome, a rare skin condition, after ATRA treatment. The study suggests that ATRA-associated Sweet's syndrome may have specific features.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

12.

Uncoupling DNA damage from chromatin damage to detoxify doxorubicin.

Author: QiaoXiaohang, van der ZandenSabina Y, WanderDennis P A, BorràsDaniel M, SongJi-Ying, LiXiaoyang, van DuikerenSuzanne, van GilsNoortje, RuttenArjo, van HerwaardenTessa, van TellingenOlaf, GiacomelliElisa, BellinMilena, OrlovaValeria, TertoolenLeon G J, GerhardtSophie, AkkermansJimmy J, BakkerJeroen M, ZuurCharlotte L, PangBaoxu, SmitsAnke M, MummeryChristine L, SmitLinda, ArensRamon, LiJunmin, OverkleeftHermen S, NeefjesJacques

Improved cancer treatment
Reduced side effects

Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity requires both DNA damage and chromatin damage, two cellular activities that can be separated chemically. Variants of anthracyclines that induce chromatin damage without causing double-strand breaks maintained similar anticancer potency, suggesting that chromatin damage is a major cytotoxic mechanism.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Topoisomerase II inhibitors in AML: past, present, and future.

Author: EconomidesMinas P, McCueDeborah, BorthakurGautam, PemmarajuNaveen

AML treatment
Therapy-related AML

This review discusses the clinical use, safety profile, and future directions of topoisomerase II inhibitors in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These agents have improved outcomes, but can also lead to therapy-related AML.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

21.

Comparison of Reduced-Intensity Idarubicin and Daunorubicin Plus Cytarabine as Induction Chemotherapy for Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Author: LiuHui, FuRong, LiLijuan, WangGuojin, SongJia, RuanErbao, WangHuaquan, WuYuhong, WangXiaoming, DingKai, ShaoZonghong

AML treatment

Reduced-intensity idarubicin plus cytarabine (IA regimen) is more effective than daunorubicin plus cytarabine (DA regimen) in treating elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

22.

[Comparison of 10 mg/m² or 8 mg/m² idarubicin plus cytarabine regimen as induction chemotherapy for adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia].

Author: ZhangYuanyuan, YangShenmiao, WangJing, ZhuHonghu, BaoLi, JiaJinsong, ZhaoTing, JiangHao, LuJin, JiangBin, HuangXiaojun, JiangQian

Improved DFS
Improved OS
Improved complete remission
Cytopenias
Death
Relapse

In adult patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a 10 mg/m² dose of idarubicin combined with cytarabine resulted in a significantly higher complete remission rate than an 8 mg/m² dose, with similar hematological side effects. The higher dose was also an independent favorable factor for disease-free survival and overall survival.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Chinese

23.

Idarubicin-loaded folic acid conjugated magnetic nanoparticles as a targetable drug delivery system for breast cancer.

Author: GunduzUfuk, KeskinTugba, TansıkGulistan, MutluPelin, YalcinSerap, UnsoyGozde, YakarArzu, KhodadustRouhollah, GunduzGungor

Improved chemotherapy
Targeted drug delivery

This study developed magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) conjugated with folic acid and loaded with idarubicin, an anticancer drug, for targeted drug delivery to tumor cells. The drug-loaded nanoparticles exhibited significant toxicity to MCF-7 cells, suggesting potential for improvement in cancer chemotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

ATRA-induced cerebral sinus thrombosis.

Author: LeeKenneth Rohan, SubrayanVisvaraja, WinMaung Maung, Fadhilah MohamadNor, PatelDinesh

APML treatment
Cerebral sinus thrombosis

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is used to treat Acute promyelocytic leaukaemia (APML). A rare but serious side effect of ATRA is cerebral sinus thrombosis, as illustrated in a case where a patient developed blurred vision and papilloedema. ATRA's pro-coagulant potential contributes to its diverse side-effect presentations.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

25.

[Clinical investigation of homoharringtonine in combination with all-transretinoic acid and arsenic trioxide for acute promyelocytic leukemia].

Author: PeiRen-zhi, LiShuang-yue, ZhangPei-sheng, MaJun-xia, LiuXu-hui, DuXiao-hong, ChenDong, ShaKe-ya, ChenLie-guang, CaoJun-jie, ZhuangXian-xu, WuJing-yi, LinLi, FanZheng, YePei-pei, TangShan-hao, ZhangBi-bo, ShiXiao-wei

APL treatment
CR rate improvement
Survival rate improvement
Infection
Platelet transfusion

Homoharringtonine in combination with all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide was effective for newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia patients. It had a better efficacy, a higher long-term survival rate, and a lower cost compared to the standard idarubicin regimen.

Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : Chinese

26.

[Clinical study on combination of homoharringtonine, Ara-C and idarubicin induction for treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients].

Author: QinTie-Jun, XuZe-Feng, FangLi-Wei, ZhangHong-Li, ZhangYue, WangJing-Zhe, PanLi-Juan, HuNai-Bo, XiaoZhi-Jian

AML treatment efficacy
Higher CR rate
Myelosuppression
Severe infection

The HAI regimen is effective for newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia, with a high CR rate but severe infection as a common side effect.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : Chinese

27.

Response-guided induction therapy in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with excellent remission rate.

Author: AbrahamssonJonas, ForestierErik, HeldrupJesper, JahnukainenKirsi, JónssonOlafur G, LausenBirgitte, PalleJosefine, ZellerBernward, HasleHenrik

Excellent remission rate
Low toxic mortality

A response-guided induction strategy including idarubicin was effective in treating children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In a study of 151 Nordic children with AML, the overall remission frequency was 97.4%, with a low induction death rate of 1.3%.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

28.

New advances in molecular mechanisms and the prevention of adriamycin toxicity by antioxidant nutrients.

Author: Granados-PrincipalSergio, QuilesJosé L, Ramirez-TortosaCesar L, Sanchez-RoviraPedro, Ramirez-TortosaM Carmen

Cancer treatment
Acute toxicity
Chronic toxicity

Doxorubicin is a widely used anti-cancer drug, but it has serious side effects. This review discusses the latest findings on doxorubicin toxicity and the potential of natural antioxidants to prevent these side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

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