Effects of quinine: A Synthesis of Findings from 22 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Quinine has been shown to have therapeutic effects in various areas, including atopic dermatitis, gastric ulcer healing, and regulation of gut motility and blood glucose levels. 5 10 8 4 16 In a mouse model of atopic dermatitis, quinine treatment was found to improve skin damage, reduce IgE levels in the blood, inhibit inflammation-related gene expression, and enhance skin barrier function. 5 Regarding gut motility and blood glucose regulation, quinine was shown to stimulate the release of gut hormones like cholecystokinin (CCK) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), leading to reduced food intake and improved glucose control. 10 8 4 16 However, quinine also exhibited negative effects on gastric ulcer healing in rats, delaying the healing process and increasing oxidative stress. 17 Additionally, quinine has been associated with potential neurotoxic effects, including hearing loss, tinnitus, and movement disorders. 15 22

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Quinine may offer potential benefits in managing atopic dermatitis, reducing food intake, and improving blood sugar control. 5 10 8 4 16

Risk Summary

Quinine can potentially delay gastric ulcer healing, and may cause side effects like hearing loss, tinnitus, and movement disorders. 17 15 22

Comparison Across Studies

Commonalities

Across multiple studies, quinine has been investigated for its effects on a variety of health conditions, highlighting its diverse pharmacological properties. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22

Differences

While some studies highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of quinine, others point to its potential drawbacks, emphasizing the importance of considering individual differences in response and potential side effects. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22

Consistency and Contradictions

The research findings suggest that quinine exhibits both promising therapeutic potential and potential drawbacks. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22 Therefore, it is crucial to consider the potential risks and benefits before utilizing quinine-based therapies. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22

Practical Application and Considerations

While quinine shows potential for various applications, it is crucial to consult a healthcare professional before using any quinine-based treatments. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22 They can assess your individual needs and potential risks associated with quinine use. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22

Limitations of Current Research

While promising, the existing research on quinine is still limited, with areas requiring further investigation. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22 More research is needed to understand the long-term effects of quinine and to optimize its dosage and administration methods. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on understanding the mechanisms of action of quinine in different conditions, exploring potential ways to mitigate its side effects, and optimizing its therapeutic applications. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22

Conclusion

Quinine holds both promising therapeutic potential and potential risks. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22 It is important to approach quinine-based therapies with caution and consult with a healthcare professional to determine if it is appropriate for your individual needs. 5 10 8 4 16 17 15 22

Literature analysis of 22 papers
Positive Content
17
Neutral Content
1
Negative Content
4
Article Type
4
0
0
0
22
1.

A comparison of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of quinine and quinidine in healthy Thai males.

Author: KarbwangJ, DavisT M, LooareesuwanS, MoluntoP, BunnagD, WhiteN J

Treats malaria
Hypotension
Prolonged QTc interval

Quinine and quinidine, both antimalarial drugs, have different pharmacokinetic profiles. Quinidine has a shorter elimination half-time and is less bound to plasma proteins than quinine. Both drugs can prolong the QTc interval.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

Effects of Quinine on the Glycaemic Response to, and Gastric Emptying of, a Mixed-Nutrient Drink in Females and Males.

Author: RezaiePeyman, BitarafanVida, RoseBraden David, LangeKylie, MohammadpourZinat, RehfeldJens Frederik, HorowitzMichael, Feinle-BissetChristine

GLP-1 stimulation
Glucose lowering

Intraduodenal quinine may modulate glucoregulatory functions, resulting in glucose lowering in both healthy men and women. However, the glucose-lowering effect appears to be greater in women than men, without significant differences in gastrointestinal function.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

4.

Quinine Effects on Gut and Pancreatic Hormones and Antropyloroduodenal Pressures in Humans-Role of Delivery Site and Sex.

Author: RezaiePeyman, BitarafanVida, RoseBraden D, LangeKylie, RehfeldJens F, HorowitzMichael, Feinle-BissetChristine

gut hormone release
gut motility

Quinine, a bitter substance, can stimulate the release of gut hormones and improve upper gut motility. These effects may be more pronounced when quinine is delivered directly to the duodenum. The gastrointestinal responses to quinine can be affected by sex.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

6.

Atovaquone, chloroquine, primaquine, quinine and tetracycline: antiproliferative effects of relevant antimalarials on Neospora caninum.

Author: PereiraLuiz Miguel, de LucaGabriela, AbichabkiNathália de Lima Martins, BrochiJade Cabestre Venancio, BaroniLuciana, Abreu-FilhoPéricles Gama, YatsudaAna Patrícia

Neosporosis treatment

This study investigates the effects of atovaquone, chloroquine, quinine, primaquine, and tetracycline on the proliferation of *Neospora caninum*, a parasite causing abortion in cattle. The repurposing of antimalarial drugs could lead to novel treatment options for neosporosis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

7.

Effects of monosodium glutamate on testicular structural and functional alterations induced by quinine therapy in rat: An experimental study.

Author: KianifardDavoud, ShoarSeyyed Maysam Mousavi, KarkanMorteza Fallah, AlyAhmed

Testicular alterations

Administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG) before and during quinine (QU) therapy may intensify testicular tissue alterations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

8.

Comparative Effects of Intragastric and Intraduodenal Administration of Quinine on the Plasma Glucose Response to a Mixed-Nutrient Drink in Healthy Men: Relations with Glucoregulatory Hormones and Gastric Emptying.

Author: RoseBraden D, BitarafanVida, RezaiePeyman, FitzgeraldPenelope C E, HorowitzMichael, Feinle-BissetChristine

Postprandial glycemia

Bitter compounds, including quinine, stimulate glucoregulatory hormones and slow gastric emptying, both important for postprandial glycemia. This study suggests that intraduodenal (ID) delivery may be more effective than oral administration for stimulating GI functions to lower postprandial glucose.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

9.

Differential effects of quinine adulteration of alcohol on seeking and drinking.

Author: McCaneAqilah M, AutersonCurtis D, DeLoryMichael J, LapishChristopher C, CzachowskiCristine L

This study investigates the relationship between genetic vulnerability to alcohol dependence and alcohol-seeking and drinking behaviors in alcohol-preferring P rats compared to Wistar rats. Results indicate that genetically vulnerable rats (P rats) learned faster and consumed more alcohol, highlighting the potential utility of P rats in examining neural mechanisms associated with alcohol dependence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

14.

Synthesis of novel quinine analogs and evaluation of their effects on Trypanosoma cruzi.

Author: CeoleLigia F, GandhiHirenkumar, VillamizarLuz H, SoaresMaurilio J, O'SullivanTimothy P

Chagas disease treatment

New treatments are needed for Chagas disease, a tropical illness caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. This study investigates a library of novel quinine derivatives against various developmental forms of the parasite.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Glycemic effects of quinine infusion in healthy volunteers.

Author: NjomatchouaAudrey Carine, TankeuAurel Tiakouang, SobngwiEugene, MbanyaJean-Claude

Hypoglycemia

Intravenous infusion of quinine at a therapeutic dose induces a light drop in blood glucose in healthy subjects. This suggests the need for close monitoring in patients at risk of hypoglycemia, especially during the first hour of quinine infusion.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

17.

Effects of quinine on gastric ulcer healing in Wistar rats.

Author: AdeniyiOlasupo Stephen, MakindeOlubiyi Vincent, FridayEmmanuel Titus, OlaleyeSamuel Babafemi

Ulcer healing

This study investigated the effects of quinine, a common antimalarial drug, on gastric ulcer healing in rats. The study found that quinine delayed ulcer healing by prolonging inflammation, increasing oxidative stress, and reducing antioxidant activity and mucus secretion.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

18.

Nonspecifically enhanced therapeutic effects of vincristine on multidrug-resistant cancers when coencapsulated with quinine in liposomes.

Author: XuYuzhen, QiuLiyan

Cancer treatment efficacy
Drug resistance reversal

Quinine hydrochloride (QN) can increase the effectiveness of vincristine (VCR) in treating cancer by depleting adenosine triphosphate, increasing adenosine triphosphatase activity, and decreasing P-glycoprotein expression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

19.

China rubra for side-effects of quinine: a prospective, randomised study in pregnant women with malaria in Cotonou, Benin.

Author: DannoKarine, RerolleFrédéric, de SigalonySylvie, ColasAurélie, TerzanLaurence, BordetMarie-France

Malaria treatment
Quinine side effects

Homeopathic medicine China rubra 7CH may help reduce side effects associated with quinine treatment for malaria in pregnant women.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

20.

Disease-associated QT-shortage versus quinine associated QT-prolongation: age dependent ECG-effects in Ghanaian children with severe malaria.

Author: RoggelinLouise, PelletierDaniel, HillJosephine N, FeldtTorsten, HoffmannSteffi, AnsongDaniel, SylverkenJustice, BurhenneJürgen, Fischer-HerrJohanna, MehrfarParisa, ThielChristian, BurchardGerd D, NguahSamuel B, CramerJakob P

Cardiac conduction system

This study analyzes the effects of Plasmodium falciparum infection and antimalarial drugs on the heart's electrical conduction system. While several antimalarials are known to impact this system, less is known about the direct effects of infection itself.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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