Effective treatment of smoking cessation: A Synthesis of Findings from 84 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major findings

Many studies have shown that pharmacotherapy, behavioral therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychotherapy are effective in helping people quit smoking. 58 suggests that combining behavioral support and pharmacotherapy can improve smoking cessation rates. 32 indicates that cognitive behavioral therapy and bupropion for depression can potentially alleviate negative emotions and cravings during smoking cessation. 51 suggests that mindfulness practice may be beneficial in improving mood, cravings, and smoking behavior during cessation. Furthermore, 57 indicates that a program that gradually increases abstinence periods before a quit date may improve smoking cessation rates.

Treatment summary

58 suggests that combining behavioral support and pharmacotherapy is an effective treatment approach. 32 suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy and bupropion may be an effective treatment approach. 51 suggests that mindfulness practice can potentially help people quit smoking. 57 suggests that a gradual abstinence program may improve smoking cessation rates.

Benefits and risks

Benefit summary

Smoking cessation treatment can significantly reduce the risk of various smoking-related diseases. 19 estimates that smoking causes 120,000 deaths annually in the UK. Smoking cessation treatment can lead to a longer healthy lifespan, reduced healthcare costs, and improved quality of life.

Risk summary

Smoking cessation treatment can cause withdrawal symptoms such as strong cravings, irritability, and decreased concentration. 32 indicates that cognitive behavioral therapy and bupropion for depression can potentially alleviate these symptoms. Some medications used in smoking cessation treatment can cause side effects. 58 suggests that combining pharmacotherapy and behavioral support can potentially reduce the risk of side effects.

Comparison between studies

Common points between studies

Many studies have shown that pharmacotherapy and behavioral therapy are effective in helping people quit smoking. Common risks of smoking cessation treatment include withdrawal symptoms and side effects.

Differences between studies

The effectiveness of different treatment approaches and side effect risks can vary between studies. 58 suggests that combining pharmacotherapy and behavioral support improves smoking cessation rates. However, 32 suggests that combining cognitive behavioral therapy and bupropion is an effective approach. Therefore, the most effective treatment approach may vary depending on the individual patient's situation.

Consistency and discrepancies in findings

Research findings on the effectiveness of smoking cessation treatment are consistent. Many studies have shown that pharmacotherapy and behavioral therapy are effective in helping people quit smoking. However, the effectiveness of different treatment approaches and side effect risks can vary between studies. This is likely due to differences in the study participants and treatment approaches.

Points to consider when applying findings to real life

When it comes to smoking cessation treatment, it is crucial to select the appropriate approach based on the individual patient's situation. 58 suggests that combining pharmacotherapy and behavioral support is an effective treatment approach, while 32 suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy and bupropion may be effective. Before starting smoking cessation treatment, it's important to consult with a doctor or specialist to determine the most suitable treatment plan for you. Moreover, smoking cessation treatment requires a long-term commitment. It's essential to persevere and seek support from those around you to make smoking cessation a success.

Limitations of current research

There is still a lack of sufficient research on smoking cessation treatment. In particular, research on long-term effects and side effects is insufficient. Further research is necessary in this field.

Future research directions

Smoking cessation research needs to investigate long-term effects and side effects. Research comparing the effectiveness of different treatment approaches is also necessary. Based on these research findings, it is hoped that more effective and safe smoking cessation treatments can be developed.

Conclusion

Smoking cessation treatment can lead to a longer healthy lifespan, reduced healthcare costs, and improved quality of life. Pharmacotherapy and behavioral therapy are effective means to achieve smoking cessation. However, it's essential to understand the potential risks of withdrawal symptoms and side effects associated with smoking cessation treatment. Before beginning smoking cessation treatment, consult with a doctor or specialist to determine the most suitable treatment plan for you.

List of treatments

Pharmacotherapy, Behavioral therapy, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Psychotherapy, Mindfulness meditation, Gradual abstinence program, Nicotine patch, Bupropion, Varenicline

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Smoking cessation
1
Smoking cessation
2
Increased cessation rates
3
Improved smoking cessation rates
4
Increased abstinence rates
5
Improved abstinence rates
6
Improved smoking cessation rates
7
Improved smoking cessation rates
9
Improved smoking cessation rates
10
Improved smoking cessation rates
11
Increased abstinence rates
12
Improved smoking cessation rates
13
Improved smoking cessation rates
14
Improved smoking cessation rates
15
Improved smoking cessation and reduction
16
Smoking cessation
Weight management
17
Smoking cessation
18
Increased cessation rates
19
Effective smoking cessation
20
Smoking cessation
21
Improved smoking cessation
22
Nicotine lozenge efficacy
Smoking cessation
23
Enhanced long-term sobriety
24
Increased successful quitters
25
Increased SCT use
Increased quit rate
26
Reduces cigarette smoking
Smoking cessation
27
Increased smoking cessation
28
Relapse prevention
Smoking abstinence
29
Improved smoking cessation
30
Improved smoking cessation
31
Smoking cessation treatment
32
Smoking cessation
33
Long-term abstinence
34
Smoking cessation
35
Increased perceived control
Increased self-efficacy
36
Alcohol dependence treatment
37
Smoking cessation
38
Smoking cessation
39
Smoking cessation
40
Reduced alcohol consumption
41
Smoking cessation
42
Smoking cessation
43
Effective smoking cessation
44
Smoking cessation
45
smoking cessation
46
Increased smoking cessation rates
47
Smoking cessation
48
Improved abstinence rates
49
Smoking cessation
50
Reduced cigarette use
Reduced craving
Reduced negative affect
51
Smoking cessation
52
Smoking cessation
53
Smoking cessation
54
Smoking cessation
55
TB treatment
56
Smoking cessation
57
Smoking cessation
58
Smoking abstinence
59
Smoking cessation
60
Increased quit rate
61
Smoking cessation
62
Smoking cessation for cancer
63
Smoking cessation
64
TB treatment
65
Reduced drinking
Smoking abstinence
66
Combined medication
Smoking cessation
67
Nicotine patch
Smoking cessation
68
Positive psychology
Smoking cessation
69
Pre-cessation medication
Smoking cessation
70
NRT
Smoking cessation
71
Prevented weight gain
Smoking cessation
72
Smoking cessation
73
Smoking cessation
74
Smoking cessation
75
Combination smoking cessation meds
76
Smoking cessation
78
Smoking cessation
79
Smoking abstinence
80
Smoking cessation
81
Smoking cessation
82
Smoking cessation
83
Smoking cessation
84
Risk Keywords
Effectiveness not established
18
Unclear effect in hospital patients
19
Low uptake of treatment
25
Smoking
28
Smoking
30
Smoking
31
None mentioned
47
Nausea
Sleep disturbance
59
Heavy drinking
67
Insomnia
Nausea
77
Weight gain
80
Literature analysis of 84 papers
Positive Content
83
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
1
Article Type
70
9
11
13
84
1.

Measures of affect and nicotine dependence predict differential response to smoking cessation treatments.

Author: ZelmanD C, BrandonT H, JorenbyD E, BakerT B

Smoking cessation

A study of 126 smokers assigned to different smoking cessation treatments found that skills training and support counseling, as well as nicotine gum and rapid smoking, resulted in similar 1-year abstinence rates. Skills training led to higher initial cessation and more coping skills, while rapid smoking induced aversion to cigarettes. Treatment effectiveness varied based on individual factors, including pretreatment negative affect and craving levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

2.

Smoking cessation--gradual or sudden stopping?

Author: GüntherV, GritschS, MeiseU

Smoking cessation

A study of 110 nicotine addicts compared sudden and gradual withdrawal during a smoking cessation program. Both groups had similar 1-year abstinence rates, but those with gradual withdrawal smoked significantly less compared to their pre-treatment levels. Those with sudden withdrawal returned to their original level of nicotine use.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

The effects of counseling on smoking cessation among patients hospitalized with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized clinical trial.

Author: PedersonL L, WanklinJ M, LefcoeN M

Increased cessation rates

A study of 74 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) found that smoking cessation counseling did not significantly improve cessation rates or reduce smoking.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Antismoking products.

Author: GourlayS G, McNeilJ J

Improved smoking cessation rates

Nicotine replacement therapy, particularly in motivated, highly nicotine-dependent smokers, is a safe and effective treatment for tobacco dependence. Nicotine gum has shown consistent benefits, especially when combined with counseling and support. Transdermal nicotine preparations may be similarly effective. Clonidine has shown promise in reducing withdrawal symptoms, but requires further research for long-term efficacy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

5.

Effects of behavioral skills training and schedule of nicotine gum administration on smoking cessation.

Author: GoldsteinM G, NiauraR, FollickM J, AbramsD B

Increased abstinence rates

A study of 89 smokers comparing four different nicotine gum treatments for smoking cessation found that behavioral therapy was more effective than education alone in achieving long-term abstinence at 6 months.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

6.

A comparison of alternative theoretical approaches to smoking cessation and relapse.

Author: CurryS J, MarlattG A, GordonJ, BaerJ S

Improved abstinence rates

A study comparing two smoking cessation approaches found that both a traditional abstinence-based program and a relapse-prevention program resulted in similar 1-year abstinence rates. However, relapse-prevention participants were more likely to lapse sooner and quit again.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

7.

Subject characteristics and long term post-program smoking cessation.

Author: MothersillK J, McDowellI, RosserW

Improved smoking cessation rates

A study of 333 smokers found that self-efficacy, motivation, reasons for smoking, and smoking history variables were predictive of long-term smoking abstinence.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

8.

Treatment effectiveness of hypnosis and behaviour therapy in smoking cessation: a methodological refinement.

Author: HymanG J, StanleyR O, BurrowsG D, HorneD J

A study of 60 smokers found no significant difference in smoking cessation rates between hypnosis, focused smoking, attention placebo, and a waiting list control group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

9.

Treating cigarette smoking in drug-abusing clients.

Author: CampbellB K, WanderN, StarkM J, HolbertT

Improved smoking cessation rates

In a study of 490 people in substance abuse treatment, a 16-week cognitive-behavioral group program with nicotine patches helped 74% of participants quit smoking for at least one day. 23% were able to abstain for at least four weeks, and 11% were abstinent at the end of the program. No one in the control group quit smoking on their own. The study challenges common misconceptions about smoking cessation in substance abuse treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

[Controlled randomized trials of pharmaceutic aids for smoking cessation. Results and perspectives].

Author: SaidS, BerlinI, PuechA J

Improved smoking cessation rates

Nicotine patches and nasal spray have been studied for smoking cessation. Quit rates at 3 months using nicotine patches range from 14% to 39%, and one year quit rates range from 9% to 26%. While nasal spray has similar results, it is less well tolerated. These treatments are not entirely effective, and research on long-term outcomes (beyond 1 year) is lacking. Focusing on the psychological factors of smokers (depression, anxiety) and developing targeted treatments may be more promising.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : French

11.

Predictors of initial smoking cessation and relapse through the first 2 years of the Lung Health Study.

Author: NidesM A, RakosR F, GonzalesD, MurrayR P, TashkinD P, Bjornson-BensonW M, LindgrenP, ConnettJ E

Improved smoking cessation rates

A study of 3,923 smokers participating in a 12-week smoking cessation program found that men were more likely to quit initially, but relapse rates were similar for both genders. Factors associated with quitting for both men and women included higher education, lower nicotine dependence, and fewer respiratory symptoms. Relapse between 4 and 12 months was most strongly predicted by smoking at least one cigarette between quitting and month four. Nicotine gum use at 12 months predicted relapse by 24 months for both genders. Strong social and environmental support for quitting was the only factor that predicted both initial quitting and relapse for both men and women.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

12.

An evaluation of a multicomponent treatment program involving scheduled smoking and relapse prevention procedures: initial findings.

Author: CinciripiniP M, LapitskyL G, WallfischA, MaceR, NezamiE, Van VunakisH

Increased abstinence rates

In a study of 34 smokers, those who received a scheduled smoking program that involved gradually reducing nicotine intake were more successful in quitting than those who received self-help materials. 53% of the scheduled smoking group quit at 6 months and 41% quit at 12 months, compared to only 6% of the control group. The study suggests that this scheduled smoking approach may be a useful addition to other smoking cessation programs.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

13.

Worksite smoking control, discouragement, and cessation.

Author: DawleyL T, DawleyH H, GlasgowR E, RiceJ, CorreaP

Improved smoking cessation rates

In a study of smoking cessation programs at three chemical plants, a comprehensive program including smoking control, discouragement, and cessation was more effective than cessation alone. The comprehensive program had a higher participation rate, and four months after cessation treatment, participants in this program showed significant improvements in all outcome measures, compared to those who received cessation-only treatment. This study supports previous findings that comprehensive smoking cessation programs are more effective than cessation alone.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

14.

Behavior therapy and the transdermal nicotine patch: effects on cessation outcome, affect, and coping.

Author: CinciripiniP M, CinciripiniL G, WallfischA, HaqueW, Van VunakisH

Improved smoking cessation rates

In a study of 64 smokers, those who received behavior therapy plus nicotine patches (BTP) were more successful in quitting smoking than those who received behavior therapy alone (BT). At the end of treatment, 79% of the BTP group and 63% of the BT group had quit. This difference was maintained at 3 months, but was smaller at 6 and 12 months. The BT group experienced more general distress, while the BTP group showed higher self-efficacy and potentially more effective coping strategies.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

15.

Nicotine patch and self-help video for cigarette smoking cessation.

Author: KillenJ D, FortmannS P, DavisL, VaradyA

Improved smoking cessation rates

In a study of 424 smokers, those who used nicotine patches were more likely to quit smoking (36%) at 2 months compared to those who received a placebo (20%). There was no significant difference in quit rates between the groups using self-help materials alone or with a video. Adherence to the patch treatment was associated with fewer relapses. Although nicotine replacement therapy has helped with smoking cessation, achieving long-term abstinence remains a challenge.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

16.

Practical experiences in smoking reduction and cessation.

Author: BolligerC T

Improved smoking cessation and reduction

Smoking is a major health risk. While quitting is the best option, reducing smoking can also be beneficial for highly dependent smokers. Studies have shown that nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective for both quitting and reducing smoking. The study suggests that allowing people to choose their preferred NRT product is more effective than using only one type of product. While quitting is the ideal goal, reducing smoking significantly is a valid alternative.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

17.

Sustained-release bupropion for pharmacologic relapse prevention after smoking cessation. a randomized, controlled trial.

Author: HaysJ T, HurtR D, RigottiN A, NiauraR, GonzalesD, DurcanM J, SachsD P, WolterT D, BuistA S, JohnstonJ A, WhiteJ D

Smoking cessation
Weight management

Sustained-release bupropion for 12 months significantly delayed smoking relapse in people who stopped smoking with 7 weeks of bupropion treatment (55.1% vs. 42.3%). It also resulted in less weight gain (3.8 kg vs. 5.6 kg).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

[Effectiveness of a group therapy intervention to quit smoking. Randomized clinical trial].

Author: CamarellesFrancisco, AsensioAngel, Jiménez-RuizCarlos, BecerrilBeatriz, RoderoDolores, VidallerOlga

Smoking cessation
Effectiveness not established

This study compared the effectiveness of group therapy to individual therapy for smoking cessation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Spanish

19.

Controlled trial of three weeks nicotine replacement treatment in hospital patients also given advice and support.

Author: HandS, EdwardsS, CampbellI A, CanningsR

Increased cessation rates
Unclear effect in hospital patients

Smoking is a major health problem in the UK, causing over 120,000 deaths annually. Quitting smoking is crucial for overall health, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) has been shown to help people quit in both healthy individuals and primary care settings. This study will investigate if NRT is effective in helping hospitalized patients quit smoking.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

21.

Brief physician-initiated quit-smoking strategies for clinical oncology settings: a trial coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.

Author: SchnollRobert A, ZhangBin, RueMontserrat, KrookJames E, SpearsWayne T, MarcusAlfred C, EngstromPaul F

Smoking cessation

Smoking by cancer patients increases the risk of the cancer returning, weakens treatment effectiveness, and lowers quality of life. Despite this, around one-third of patients who smoked before their diagnosis continue to smoke. This study investigated the effectiveness of a smoking cessation program delivered by oncologists, given the frequent contact between oncologists and their patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

22.

Smoking cessation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Author: van der MeerR M, WagenaE J, OsteloR W J G, JacobsJ E, van SchayckC P

Improved smoking cessation

Combining psychosocial interventions with pharmacological interventions is more effective than no treatment or psychosocial interventions alone in smoking cessation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

23.

Successful treatment with a nicotine lozenge of smokers with prior failure in pharmacological therapy.

Author: ShiffmanSaul, DreslerCarolyn M, RohayJeffrey M

Nicotine lozenge efficacy
Smoking cessation

Nicotine lozenge was effective for smoking cessation in smokers with a history of unsuccessful pharmacological treatment. The lozenge corrected for the lower success rates associated with previous treatment failures by improving outcomes on placebo.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

24.

A meta-analysis of smoking cessation interventions with individuals in substance abuse treatment or recovery.

Author: ProchaskaJudith J, DelucchiKevin, HallSharon M

Enhanced long-term sobriety

This study looked at 19 trials of smoking cessation programs for people in addiction treatment or recovery. The programs were effective in helping people quit smoking in the short-term, both for those in active treatment and those in recovery. However, the long-term success rate was lower. Interestingly, people who quit smoking during addiction treatment were 25% more likely to stay sober from alcohol and drugs in the long run. While quitting smoking during addiction treatment seems to be beneficial, new approaches are needed to help people stay smoke-free long-term.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

25.

Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment.

Author: KaperJ, WagenaE J, SeverensJ L, Van SchayckC P

Increased successful quitters
Low uptake of treatment

Treatment programs help more people quit smoking than trying to quit on their own. However, few smokers seek treatment. Offering financial support through healthcare systems could encourage more people to use smoking cessation programs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

26.

Reimbursement for smoking cessation treatment may double the abstinence rate: results of a randomized trial.

Author: KaperJ, WagenaE J, WillemsenM C, van SchayckC P

Increased SCT use
Increased quit rate

Financial reimbursement for smoking cessation treatment (SCT) increased the use of SCT and may double the number of successful quitters.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

27.

Home health care nurses as a new channel for smoking cessation treatment: outcomes from project CARES (Community-nurse Assisted Research and Education on Smoking).

Author: BorrelliBelinda, NovakScott, HechtJacki, EmmonsKaren, PapandonatosGeorge, AbramsDavid

Reduces cigarette smoking
Smoking cessation

This study found that motivational enhancement (ME) delivered by home health care nurses resulted in greater reductions in the number of cigarettes smoked per day at all follow-ups through 12 months of post-treatment compared to standard care (SC).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

28.

Encouraging smokers to quit: the cost effectiveness of reimbursing the costs of smoking cessation treatment.

Author: KaperJanneke, WagenaEdwin J, van SchayckConstant P, SeverensJohan L

Increased smoking cessation
Smoking

Quitting smoking can increase lifespan and reduce healthcare costs. A study found that reimbursing the cost of smoking cessation treatment (SCT) led to more people using SCT and a greater number of successful quitters compared to not offering reimbursement.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

29.

Randomized comparison of a nicotine inhaler and bupropion for smoking cessation and relapse prevention.

Author: CroghanIvana T, HurtRichard D, DakhilShaker R, CroghanGary A, SloanJeff A, NovotnyPaul J, RowlandKendrith M, BernathAlbert, LootsMary L, Le-LindqwisterNguyet A, TschetterLoren K, GarneauStewart C, FlynnKathleen A, EbbertLarry P, WenderDonald B, LoprinziCharles L

Relapse prevention
Smoking abstinence

Combining a nicotine inhaler and bupropion increased smoking abstinence rates compared to either treatment alone. At 3 months, 14% of nicotine inhaler users, 26% of bupropion users, and 34% of combined therapy users were abstinent.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

30.

Long-term engagement in smoking cessation counseling among rural smokers.

Author: CupertinoA Paula, MahnkenJonathan D, RichterKimber, CoxLisa Sanderson, CaseyGenevieve, ResnicowKen, EllerbeckEdward F

Improved smoking cessation
Smoking

Successful smoking cessation requires active participation from the smoker. This is particularly important for people living in rural areas, who often have less access to support for quitting. This study examined long-term engagement in smoking cessation counseling and the factors that influence this engagement.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

31.

Nicotine dependence, psychological distress and personality traits as possible predictors of smoking cessation. Results of a double-blind study with nicotine patch.

Author: CosciFiammetta, CorlandoAnnalisa, FornaiEdo, PistelliFrancesco, PaolettiPaolo, CarrozziLaura

Improved smoking cessation
Smoking

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a successful treatment for smokers who want to quit, but the success rates could be even higher. This study examined nicotine dependence, psychological distress, and personality traits as potential predictors of successful smoking cessation using NRT.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

32.

Impact of bupropion and cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression on positive affect, negative affect, and urges to smoke during cessation treatment.

Author: StrongDavid R, KahlerChristopher W, LeventhalAdam M, AbrantesAna M, Lloyd-RichardsonElizabeth, NiauraRaymond, BrownRichard A

Smoking cessation treatment

Bupropion (a medication) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression are used in smoking cessation treatment to help manage mood changes and urges to smoke. More research is needed to understand how these treatments affect these factors before people quit smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

33.

A cluster-randomized effectiveness trial of smoking cessation modified for at-risk smoker subgroups.

Author: BatraAnil, CollinsSusan E, SchröterMartina, EckSandra, TorchallaIris, BuchkremerGerhard

Smoking cessation

This study found that smokers who scored higher on measures of nicotine dependence, impulsivity, and depression were more likely to relapse after quitting compared to those who scored lower. A tailored smoking cessation program for these high-risk smokers produced better results for those with depression, but not for other high-risk smokers. Overall, the tailored program didn't significantly increase quit rates for high-risk smokers compared to those with lower risk, but the quit rates for highly dependent smokers in the tailored group decreased at a faster rate than those with lower risk.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

34.

Predictors of post-treatment relapse to smoking in successful quitters: pooled data from two phase III varenicline trials.

Author: HeffnerJaimee L, LeeTheodore C, ArteagaCarmen, AnthenelliRobert M

Long-term abstinence

Achieving continuous abstinence from smoking by the initial quit date and maintaining abstinence throughout the treatment period is a strong predictor of long-term abstinence. Treatment responders who initiated continuous abstinence later in the treatment period were almost 5 times more likely to relapse.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

35.

Randomized controlled trial of behavioral activation smoking cessation treatment for smokers with elevated depressive symptoms.

Author: MacPhersonLaura, TullMatthew T, MatusiewiczAlexis K, RodmanSamantha, StrongDavid R, KahlerChristopher W, HopkoDerek R, ZvolenskyMichael J, BrownRichard A, LejuezC W

Smoking cessation

Depression is linked to poorer outcomes in quitting smoking. This study examines whether a behavioral activation treatment for smoking (BATS) can improve quit rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

36.

Increased self-efficacy to quit and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms predict smoking cessation following nicotine dependence treatment.

Author: SchnollRobert A, MartinezElisa, TatumKristina L, GlassMarcella, BernathAlbert, FerrisDaron, ReynoldsPatrick

Increased perceived control
Increased self-efficacy

Increased self-efficacy to quit smoking and perceived control over withdrawal symptoms were significantly associated with smoking cessation after behavioral counseling and nicotine replacement therapy.

Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

37.

A preliminary investigation of varenicline for heavy drinking smokers.

Author: FucitoLisa M, TollBenjamin A, WuRan, RomanoDenise M, TekEce, O'MalleyStephanie S

Alcohol dependence treatment

Varenicline, a medication approved for helping people quit smoking, shows potential for treating alcohol dependence. However, its effectiveness in heavy drinkers and in smokers trying to quit smoking has not been studied. This study will investigate if varenicline can reduce alcohol cravings and consumption in smokers trying to quit smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

38.

Study protocol for a randomised trial of nicotine-free cigarettes as an adjunct to usual NRT-based cessation practice, in people who wish to stop smoking.

Author: WalkerNatalie K, HoweColin, BullenChris, GriggMichele, GloverMarewa, McRobbieHayden, LaugesenMurray, Vander HoornStephen, WhittakerRobyn

Smoking cessation

This study will investigate whether using nicotine-free cigarettes along with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) can help people quit smoking long-term. Existing smoking cessation methods primarily target nicotine dependence, but this study aims to address both nicotine and psychological dependence on cigarettes. The research is based on evidence suggesting that this combined approach may reduce withdrawal symptoms and improve quit rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

39.

Use of varenicline for 4 weeks before quitting smoking: decrease in ad lib smoking and increase in smoking cessation rates.

Author: HajekPeter, McRobbieHayden J, MyersKatie E, StapletonJohn, DhanjiAl-Rehan

Smoking cessation

Varenicline helps reduce the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms after quitting smoking, but it also seems to make smoking less enjoyable. Current treatment begins a week before quitting, focusing on reducing withdrawal symptoms. This study investigated whether increasing the time someone takes varenicline before quitting could make cigarettes less satisfying and make quitting easier.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

40.

Predictors of smoking cessation among cancer patients enrolled in a smoking cessation program.

Author: SchnollRobert A, MartinezElisa, LangerCorey, MiyamotoCurtis, LeoneFrank

Smoking cessation

Many cancer patients continue to smoke, which negatively affects their treatment outcomes. This study aims to identify factors that predict successful smoking cessation among cancer patients currently receiving smoking cessation treatment. The goal is to use this information to develop more effective smoking cessation programs for this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

41.

Marijuana use and tobacco smoking cessation among heavy alcohol drinkers.

Author: MetrikJane, SpillaneNichea S, LeventhalAdam M, KahlerChristopher W

Reduced alcohol consumption

This randomized clinical trial examined the effects of marijuana use on smoking cessation outcomes in heavy drinkers. While marijuana use did not predict smoking lapses, weekly marijuana users made meaningful reductions in their marijuana use and heavy drinking. Further research is needed to examine the effects of smoking cessation treatment that addresses both marijuana and tobacco smoking.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

42.

Predicting successful 24-hr quit attempt in a smoking cessation intervention.

Author: BaileySteffani R, BrysonSusan W, KillenJoel D

Smoking cessation

This study investigates the factors that help people quit smoking successfully for at least 24 hours during a smoking cessation program. It also examines whether the factors that predict a successful initial quit are different from those that predict long-term (52-week) abstinence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

43.

Yoga as a complementary treatment for smoking cessation in women.

Author: BockBeth C, FavaJoseph L, GaskinsRonnesia, MorrowKathleen M, WilliamsDavid M, JenningsErnestine, BeckerBruce M, TremontGeoffrey, MarcusBess H

Smoking cessation

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death for women in the U.S. Aerobic exercise has been shown to help people quit smoking by improving mood and reducing withdrawal symptoms. Studies outside of smoking cessation have shown that yoga can also reduce stress and negative emotions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

44.

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation.

Author: SteadLindsay F, LancasterTim

Effective smoking cessation

Behavioral support, including counseling and advice, and medications to help quit smoking (like nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, and bupropion) are effective. Combining these approaches is ideal, but the benefits of different combinations in different groups and settings need more research.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

45.

A randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation treatments provided in HIV clinical care settings.

Author: HumfleetGary L, HallSharon M, DelucchiKevin L, DilleyJames W

Smoking cessation

This study compares the effectiveness of three different smoking cessation interventions delivered in HIV clinics to help people with HIV quit smoking, given the high smoking rates in this population and the health risks associated with smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

46.

Maintenance treatment with varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a randomized clinical trial.

Author: EvinsA Eden, CatherCorinne, PrattSarah A, PachasGladys N, HoeppnerSusanne S, GoffDonald C, AchtyesEric D, AyerDavid, SchoenfeldDavid A

smoking cessation

This study found that among smokers with serious mental illness who attained initial abstinence with standard treatment, maintenance pharmacotherapy with varenicline and cognitive behavioral therapy improved prolonged tobacco abstinence rates compared with cognitive behavioral therapy alone after 1 year of treatment and at 6 months after treatment discontinuation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

47.

Proactive tobacco treatment and population-level cessation: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial.

Author: FuSteven S, van RynMichelle, ShermanScott E, BurgessDiana J, NoorbaloochiSiamak, ClothierBarbara, TaylorBrent C, SchledeCarolyn M, BurkeRandy S, JosephAnne M

Increased smoking cessation rates
None mentioned

Proactive, population-based tobacco cessation care using proactive outreach to connect smokers to evidence-based telephone or in-person smoking cessation services is effective for increasing long-term population-level cessation rates.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

48.

Targeting tobacco in a community-based addiction recovery cohort: results from a computerized, brief, randomized intervention trial.

Author: BrelandAlison B, AlmondLauren, KienzleJennifer, OndersmaSteven J, HartAlton, WeaverMichael, DillonPamela, SvikisDace

Smoking cessation

Nearly 80% of people with substance use disorders also smoke. Quitting smoking during treatment for substance use can improve outcomes. However, smoking cessation is not a standard part of treatment for substance use disorders. This study examines the effectiveness of a computer-based intervention to help people quit smoking who are part of a recovery community organization (RCO).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

49.

Combination treatment with varenicline and bupropion in an adaptive smoking cessation paradigm.

Author: RoseJed E, BehmFrédérique M

Improved abstinence rates

Combination treatment with varenicline and sustained-release bupropion was more efficacious than varenicline alone for male smokers and smokers with a high degree of nicotine dependence who did not show a sufficient initial response to prequit nicotine patch treatment. The combination treatment was well tolerated.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

50.

Positive Psychotherapy for Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: KahlerChristopher W, SpillaneNichea S, DayAnne M, CioePatricia A, ParksAcacia, LeventhalAdam M, BrownRichard A

Smoking cessation

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of two smoking cessation treatments: a standard approach (ST) and a positive psychotherapy approach (PPT-S) that focuses on increasing positive emotions. The study will determine if targeting positive emotions can improve smoking cessation outcomes in people who are struggling to quit.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

51.

Effect of Brief Mindfulness Practice on Self-Reported Affect, Craving, and Smoking: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Using Ecological Momentary Assessment.

Author: RuscioAimee C, MuenchChristine, BredeEmily, WatersAndrew J

Reduced cigarette use
Reduced craving
Reduced negative affect

A pilot randomized controlled trial found that brief mindfulness practice (Brief-MP) delivered on a PDA reduced negative affect, craving, and cigarette use in smokers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

52.

Complementing the Standard Multicomponent Treatment for Smokers With Denicotinized Cigarettes: A Randomized Trial.

Author: McRobbieHayden, PrzuljDunja, SmithKatherine Myers, CornwallDanielle

Smoking cessation

Standard smoking cessation treatments often don't address the sensory and behavioral aspects of smoking that can contribute to relapse. This study examines the use of denicotinized cigarettes, which contain very low levels of nicotine but provide the sensory and behavioral aspects of smoking, as a potential way to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms and improve the effectiveness of standard treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

53.

Evaluating Nicotine Craving, Withdrawal, and Substance Use as Mediators of Smoking Cessation in Cocaine- and Methamphetamine-Dependent Patients.

Author: MageeJoshua C, LewisDaniel F, WinhusenTheresa

Smoking cessation

Smoking is common in people with drug addiction, but quitting smoking is harder for them. This study aims to understand how nicotine cravings affect the success of smoking cessation treatments in people being treated for stimulant addiction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

54.

Differences in Longer-Term Smoking Abstinence After Treatment by Specialist or Nonspecialist Advisors: Secondary Analysis of Data From a Relapse Prevention Trial.

Author: SongFujian, MaskreyVivienne, BlythAnnie, BrownTracey J, BartonGarry R, AveyardPaul, NotleyCaitlin, HollandRichard, BachmannMax O, SuttonStephen, BrandonThomas H

Smoking cessation

People who receive help quitting smoking at specialized centers tend to quit more often in the short term than those who get support from professionals who don't specialize in smoking cessation. This study examines the long-term effects of quitting smoking after short-term treatment at specialized versus non-specialized services.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

55.

Examination of the mechanism of action of two pre-quit pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation.

Author: FergusonStuart G, WaltersJulia A E, LuWenying, WellsGudrun P, SchüzNatalie

Smoking cessation

While treatments for quitting smoking are available, many people still fail to quit. Using nicotine patches for a short time before quitting has shown promise in helping people quit. This study aims to understand how two medications used before quitting, varenicline and nicotine patches, work to improve the success of quitting.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

56.

Smoking cessation interventions for pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes.

Author: JeyashreeKathiresan, KathirvelSoundappan, ShewadeHemant D, KaurHarpreet, GoelSonu

TB treatment

Smoking increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection and is linked to worse TB outcomes, including a higher chance of relapse, more severe disease, and drug resistance. Quitting smoking can have significant benefits for TB treatment, reducing the risk of future lung problems.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

57.

A randomized clinical trial of a tailored behavioral smoking cessation preparation program.

Author: McCarthyDanielle E, BoldKrysten W, MinamiHaruka, YehVivian M

Smoking cessation

While there's been progress in helping people quit smoking, many smokers relapse. This study tested a new approach to quitting that involved practicing abstinence in stages before a target quit date. While this approach didn't significantly increase the number of people who quit completely, it did help people who did quit stay quit longer and prevented some people from going back to smoking daily. This method shows promise and needs further refinement to improve its effectiveness.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

58.

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation.

Author: SteadLindsay F, KoilpillaiPriya, FanshaweThomas R, LancasterTim

Smoking cessation

Counseling and medications (like nicotine patches, varenicline, and bupropion) can help people quit smoking. Combining these approaches is often recommended, but more research is needed to understand how well different combinations work in various settings and groups of people.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

59.

Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Light Smokers.

Author: EbbertJon O, CroghanIvana T, HurtRyan T, SchroederDarrell R, HaysJ Taylor

Smoking abstinence
Nausea
Sleep disturbance

Varenicline was shown to be safe and effective for increasing long-term smoking abstinence rates in predominantly white, light cigarette smokers in this randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The study found that 40% of varenicline users achieved prolonged abstinence at 6 months compared to 8.3% of placebo users.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

60.

Longitudinal changes in smoking abstinence symptoms and alternative reinforcers predict long-term smoking cessation outcomes.

Author: SchnollRobert A, HitsmanBrian, BlazekovicSonja, Veluz-WilkinsAnna, WileytoE Paul, LeoneFrank T, Audrain-McGovernJanet E

Smoking cessation

Nicotine patches combined with counseling are widely used to help people quit smoking, but long-term success rates remain low (around 20-25%). This study examined factors like withdrawal symptoms, cravings, mood changes, and alternative coping mechanisms over time to identify predictors of successful smoking cessation six months after eight weeks of treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

61.

Smoking cessation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Author: van EerdEva A M, van der MeerRegina M, van SchayckOnno C P, KotzDaniel

Increased quit rate

A combination of behavioral treatment and pharmacotherapy is effective in helping smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to quit smoking. This was found in a meta-analysis of four studies involving 1,540 participants. However, there is no convincing evidence to support the use of any particular behavioral or pharmacological treatment over others.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

62.

System change interventions for smoking cessation.

Author: ThomasDennis, AbramsonMichael J, BonevskiBillie, GeorgeJohnson

Smoking cessation

System change interventions for smoking cessation are policies and practices implemented by healthcare organizations to routinely identify smokers and offer evidence-based treatments for nicotine dependence. These interventions aim to improve smoking cessation support in healthcare settings and increase successful quit rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

63.

Cancer-related disease factors and smoking cessation treatment: Analysis of an ongoing clinical trial.

Author: CarrollAllison J, Veluz-WilkinsAnna K, BlazekovicSonja, KalhanRavi, LeoneFrank T, WileytoE Paul, SchnollRobert A, HitsmanBrian

Smoking cessation for cancer

This study evaluated whether cancer-related disease factors adversely influence smoking cessation treatment. Cancer-related disease factors did not predict cancer survivors' engagement or success in smoking cessation treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

64.

Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment.

Author: van den BrandFloor A, NagelhoutGera E, RedaAyalu A, WinkensBjorn, EversSilvia M A A, KotzDaniel, van SchayckOnno Cp

Smoking cessation

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death globally, making it important to help people quit. The cost of smoking cessation treatment can be a barrier. This review examines whether providing financial assistance to people trying to quit or reimbursing their healthcare providers could lead to more successful quit attempts. This is an update to a 2005 review on the topic.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

65.

Effect of a brief smoking cessation intervention on adult tobacco smokers with pulmonary tuberculosis: A cluster randomized controlled trial from North India.

Author: GoelSonu, KathiresanJeyashree, SinghPreeti, SinghRana J

TB treatment

Smoking is linked to poorer outcomes for people with tuberculosis (TB). Many smoking cessation interventions (SCIs) have been shown to help people quit. This research aims to determine if using SCIs with TB patients improves treatment success.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

66.

Effect of Varenicline Combined With Medical Management on Alcohol Use Disorder With Comorbid Cigarette Smoking: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: O'MalleyStephanie S, ZwebenAllen, FucitoLisa M, WuRan, PiepmeierMary E, OckertDavid M, BoldKrysten W, PetrakisIsmene, MuvvalaSrinivas, JatlowPeter, GueorguievaRalitza

Reduced drinking
Smoking abstinence

The study found that varenicline with medical management resulted in decreased heavy drinking among men and increased smoking abstinence in the overall sample.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

67.

Effects of Varenicline Alone and in Combination With Low-dose Naltrexone on Alcohol-primed Smoking in Heavy-drinking Tobacco Users: A Preliminary Laboratory Study.

Author: RobertsWalter, ShiJulia M, TetraultJeanette M, McKeeSherry A

Combined medication
Smoking cessation
Heavy drinking

People who smoke heavily and drink heavily are less likely to quit smoking, even with medication. One potential approach to help these individuals quit is to combine medications that address both alcohol and tobacco use. Adding naltrexone to existing smoking cessation treatments might improve outcomes for this group.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

68.

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Nicotine Preloading for Smoking Cessation in People with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Author: DedertEric A, DennisPaul A, CalhounPatrick S, DennisMichelle F, BeckhamJean C

Nicotine patch
Smoking cessation

This study investigated whether adding a nicotine patch to standard smoking cessation treatment for people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) improves quit rates and reduces cravings. The study also looked at whether the treatment helped to relieve PTSD symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

69.

Positive psychotherapy for smoking cessation enhanced with text messaging: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: KahlerChristopher W, SuraceAnthony, GordonRebecca E F, CioePatricia A, SpillaneNichea S, ParksAcacia, BockBeth C, BrownRichard A

Positive psychology
Smoking cessation

While smoking rates have decreased in the US, long-term success rates for quitting are still low. Both negative feelings and a lack of positive emotions can contribute to relapse. This study will test whether a new approach that focuses on increasing positive emotions and thoughts, based on positive psychology, is more effective at helping people quit smoking than standard smoking cessation treatment.

Clinical Trial ProtocolA plan for conducting a clinical trial. It describes in detail the purpose, design, methodology, and statistical considerations of the trial, ensuring the transparency and consistency of the trial.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

70.

Mediators of the effect of nicotine pre-treatment on quitting smoking.

Author: HajekPeter, LewisSarah, MunafoMarcus, LindsonNicola, ColemanTim, AveyardPaul,

Pre-cessation medication
Smoking cessation

Using smoking cessation medication for a few weeks before quitting can increase the chances of success, but we don't fully understand how this works. This study examines several theories about how these medications might help, including building confidence, making it easier to stick with the medication after quitting, reducing enjoyment from smoking, and lessening the urge to smoke.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

71.

Different doses, durations and modes of delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.

Author: LindsonNicola, ChepkinSamantha C, YeWeiyu, FanshaweThomas R, BullenChris, Hartmann-BoyceJamie

NRT
Smoking cessation

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aims to help people quit smoking by providing nicotine without the harmful effects of cigarettes. While NRT is effective when used after quitting, it's unclear whether higher doses, longer treatment, or using NRT before quitting makes it more effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

72.

Combination Lorcaserin and Nicotine Patch for Smoking Cessation Without Weight Gain.

Author: RoseJed E, DavisJames M

Prevented weight gain
Smoking cessation

The combination of lorcaserin and nicotine patch was well-tolerated and associated with a 31.1% smoking abstinence rate within 7 to 10 weeks post-quit attempt. It also effectively prevented weight gain associated with smoking cessation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

73.

Comparative effects of varenicline or combination nicotine replacement therapy versus patch monotherapy on candidate mediators of early abstinence in a smoking cessation attempt.

Author: KimNayoung, McCarthyDanielle E, PiperMegan E, BakerTimothy B

Smoking cessation

This study compares different smoking cessation treatments, looking at how they affect people's cravings, expectations about quitting, and motivation before and during quitting. They'll examine how these factors relate to success in quitting and whether stronger treatments work better by influencing these factors.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

74.

Nicotine replacement treatment, e-cigarettes and an online behavioural intervention to reduce relapse in recent ex-smokers: a multinational four-arm RCT.

Author: McRobbieHayden J, Phillips-WallerAnna, El ZerbiCatherine, McNeillAnn, HajekPeter, PesolaFrancesca, BalmfordJames, FergusonStuart G, LiLin, LewisSarah, CourtneyRyan J, GartnerCoral, BauldLinda, BorlandRon

Smoking cessation

Relapsing after quitting smoking is a big problem. While long-term medication can help, not many people use it. Other behavioral therapies haven't worked well either. However, using fast-acting nicotine replacement or e-cigarettes when cravings are strong could be a better approach. This study will compare this "emergency" approach to a structured online plan to see which is more effective and cost-effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

75.

Care to Quit: a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial to implement best practice smoking cessation care in cancer centres.

Author: PaulChristine L, WarrenGraham, VinodShalini, MeiserBettina, StoneEmily, BarkerDaniel, WhiteKate, McLennanJames, DayFiona, McCarterKristen, McEnallayMelissa, TaitJordan, CanfellKaren, WeberMarianne, SeganCatherine

Smoking cessation

Smoking is linked to worse outcomes for cancer patients, including more side effects from treatment, lower energy levels, and increased health problems. Although proven smoking cessation help is recommended, it isn't always provided to cancer patients. This study aims to see if a special program to help people quit smoking improves the chances of successfully quitting in those diagnosed with cancer.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

76.

[Combinations of pharmacological treatments in smoking cessation. A systematic review].

Author: UndernerM, PerriotJ, PeifferG, RuppertA-M, de ChazeronI, JaafariN

Combination smoking cessation meds

Combined smoking cessation medications, particularly varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy, were more effective than monotherapies in achieving smoking abstinence, especially for hard-core smokers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : French

77.

Effects of Combined Varenicline With Nicotine Patch and of Extended Treatment Duration on Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: BakerTimothy B, PiperMegan E, SmithStevens S, BoltDaniel M, SteinJames H, FioreMichael C

Insomnia
Nausea

This randomized clinical trial found no significant difference in smoking cessation rates at 52 weeks between varenicline monotherapy and combined varenicline plus nicotine patch therapy, or between 12-week and 24-week treatment durations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

78.

Brief training in regulation of craving reduces cigarette smoking.

Author: LopezRichard B, OchsnerKevin N, KoberHedy

Smoking cessation

Cravings are a major factor in smoking and are now considered a sign of addiction. Therapies that help people manage cravings are effective at reducing smoking and preventing relapse. However, it's unclear whether specific programs designed to teach people how to control cravings directly affect how much they smoke in real-life situations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

79.

Time-Varying Mediation of Pharmacological Smoking Cessation Treatments on Smoking Lapse via Craving, Cessation Fatigue, and Negative Mood.

Author: ChakrabortiYajnaseni, CoffmanDonna L, PiperMegan E

Smoking cessation

Quitting smoking is difficult because nicotine is addictive. Over time, smoking becomes a way to avoid unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. This study will investigate how changes in withdrawal symptoms, especially during the first week of quitting, affect how well treatments work. The study will look at how treatments might influence withdrawal symptoms and how these changes might affect whether people can quit smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

80.

Effectiveness of including weight management in smoking cessation treatments: A meta-analysis of behavioral interventions.

Author: García-FernándezGloria, KrotterAndrea, González-RozAlba, García-PérezÁngel, Secades-VillaRoberto

Smoking abstinence
Weight gain

Behavioral interventions addressing both smoking cessation and post-cessation weight gain significantly enhanced tobacco abstinence at the end of treatment, although the effect was not sustained over the long term.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

81.

Effect of a Tobacco Cessation Intervention Incorporating Weight Management for Adults With Serious Mental Illness: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: DaumitGail L, EvinsA Eden, CatherCorinne, DalcinArlene T, DickersonFaith B, MillerEdgar R, AppelLawrence J, JeromeGerald J, McCannUna, FordDaniel E, CharlestonJeanne B, YoungDeborah R, GennusaJoseph V, GoldshollStacy, CookCourtney, FinkTyler, WangNae-Yuh

Smoking cessation

Smoking significantly increases the risk of heart disease and death for people with mental illness. This risk is even higher because these individuals are more likely to be overweight or obese, and quitting smoking can cause weight gain. While combining medications and behavioral therapies to help people quit smoking is recommended, it is not offered routinely, especially for people who aren't actively trying to quit.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

82.

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta-analyses.

Author: LindsonNicola, TheodoulouAnnika, Ordóñez-MenaJosé M, FanshaweThomas R, SuttonAlex J, Livingstone-BanksJonathan, HajizadehAnisa, ZhuSufen, AveyardPaul, FreemanSuzanne C, AgrawalSanjay, Hartmann-BoyceJamie

Smoking cessation

Smoking is a major cause of preventable death and illness worldwide. Many people want to quit, and there are medications and e-cigarettes to help. These treatments work by reducing cravings, which helps people stop smoking and prevents them from starting again. We need more research on how these treatments compare to each other to make better decisions about treatment and policy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

83.

Efficacy of insula deep repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with varenicline for smoking cessation: A randomized, double-blind, sham controlled trial.

Author: IbrahimChristine, TangVictor M, BlumbergerDaniel M, MalikSaima, TyndaleRachel F, TrevizolAlisson P, BarrMera S, DaskalakisZafiris J, ZangenAbraham, Le FollBernard

Smoking cessation

A randomized controlled trial of 42 smokers receiving varenicline treatment for smoking cessation found that bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) directed to the insula significantly improved 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates at the end of 12 weeks compared to sham stimulation. While no significant differences were found in abstinence rates at 4 weeks or 6 months, or in smoking outcomes, the findings suggest that insula rTMS may be a beneficial adjunct to varenicline treatment for smoking cessation.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

84.

A smoking cessation intervention for rural veterans tailored to individual risk factors: A multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Author: Vander WegMark W, HowrenM Bryant, GrantKathleen M, ProchazkaAllan V, DuffySonia, BurkeRandy, CretzmeyerMargaret, ParkerChristopher, ThomasEmily B K, RizkMarianne T, BayerJennifer, KinnerEllen M, ClarkJennifer M, KatzDavid A

Smoking cessation

Smoking is more common in rural areas. Many smokers also experience depression, risky drinking, and weight concerns, which can make quitting harder. We need to know whether treatments that address these issues at the same time are more effective for quitting smoking.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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