Effective treatment of smoking: A Synthesis of Findings from 103 Studies

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This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician.Data sources and disclaimers (data limitations, copyright, etc.)The analysis on "Effective treatment of smoking: A Synthesis of Findings from 103 Studies" on this page is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). However, NLM does not endorse or verify these analyses.

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This page's analysis is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death and disease worldwide. 101 It is essential to find effective ways to help people quit smoking. 101 Many studies have investigated different smoking cessation treatments, and while there are many options available, finding the most effective treatment can be difficult. 55

A number of medications are licensed to help people quit smoking globally, and electronic cigarettes are used for this purpose in many countries. 101 Some studies suggest that combining medication therapies to target both alcohol and tobacco use simultaneously may improve treatment outcomes, particularly for heavy-drinking tobacco users. 83

Treatment Summary

These studies investigated various smoking cessation treatments and suggested that a combination of medication, behavioral therapy, and alternative therapies may be effective. 55 56

Treatment should be tailored to individual needs, taking into account factors like mental health, addiction history, and motivation. 45 82

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of developing various diseases, including heart disease, stroke, cancer, and improves lung function. 101

Risks Summary

Some potential risks associated with quitting smoking include side effects from medications, weight gain, and mood swings. 55

Comparison Between Studies

Similarities Between Studies

Many studies suggest that a combination of medication and behavioral therapy may be the most effective way to quit smoking. 55 56 94 101

Differences Between Studies

The types of treatments studied and the effectiveness varied across studies. Some studies found that treatment effectiveness differed for specific groups of smokers, such as those with mental health issues or those who live in rural areas. 45 97 103 76

Consistency and Discrepancies in Results

There are some discrepancies in the effectiveness of different treatments based on the various studies. 45 97 103 7

Important Considerations for Real-Life Application

These studies demonstrate a range of treatments to support smoking cessation; however, it is important to note that not all findings are applicable to all individuals. 45 97 103 The most effective treatment will vary based on individual needs and circumstances. 55 56 101 If you are considering quitting smoking, it is important to consult with your doctor to discuss the best treatment options for you. 55 56 101

Limitations of Current Research

Several limitations exist in these studies. Some had small sample sizes, focused on specific groups of smokers, or lacked long-term follow-up. 45 97 103 7 15 21

Future Research Directions

Further research is necessary to develop more effective treatments for smoking cessation. 101 Future studies should include long-term follow-up, larger sample sizes, and focus on specific groups of smokers to understand better how treatments work in different populations. 45 97 103 7 15 21

Conclusion

Smoking is a major public health concern. 101 Quitting smoking can significantly improve your health, and various treatments can help you achieve this goal. 101 If you are considering quitting smoking, talk to your doctor about the best treatment options for you. 55 56 101

Treatment List

Nicotine patch, varenicline, bupropion, counseling, group therapy, telephone counseling, acupuncture, hypnosis, homeopathy, medication, behavioral therapy, denicotinized cigarettes, silver acetate, nicotine chewing gum, mindfulness practice, transcranial magnetic stimulation, rapid smoking, increasing delay training

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Smoking cessation
1
Smoking cessation
2
Improved smoking cessation rates
3
Increased abstinence rates
4
Reduced smoking
6
Improved self-control
7
Improved smoking cessation rates
8
Improved smoking cessation rates
9
Reduced CO levels
10
Improved maintenance
11
Improved smoking cessation rates
12
Increased abstinence rates
13
Effective treatment
14
Smoking cessation
15
Improved smoking cessation rates
16
Improved smoking cessation rates
17
Smoking cessation
18
Improved smoking cessation and reduction
19
Improved understanding of smoking cessation
20
Smoking cessation
Weight management
22
Smoking cessation
23
Increased cessation rates
24
Effective smoking cessation
25
Smoking cessation
26
Nicotine replacement therapy
27
Improved smoking cessation
28
Nicotine lozenge efficacy
Smoking cessation
29
Smoking cessation
30
Increased successful quitters
31
Alcohol dependence treatment
Smoking cessation
32
Increased SCT use
Increased quit rate
33
Improved smoking cessation
Reduced smoking
34
Reduces cigarette smoking
Smoking cessation
35
Promote smoking cessation
Reduce smoking intensity
36
Increased smoking cessation
37
Relapse prevention
Smoking abstinence
38
Smoking cessation
39
Smoking cessation treatment
41
Smoking cessation
42
Smoking cessation treatment
43
Smoking cessation
44
Smoking cessation
45
Long-term abstinence
46
Alcohol dependence treatment
47
Smoking cessation
48
Increased abstinence rates
Long-term abstinence
49
Smoking cessation
50
Smoking cessation
51
Efficient data use
Smoking cessation
52
Reduced alcohol consumption
53
Smoking cessation
54
Effective smoking cessation
55
Smoking cessation
56
Smoking cessation
57
Smoking cessation
58
Smoking cessation
59
Reduced smoking
60
Smoking cessation
61
smoking cessation
62
smoking cessation
63
Increased smoking cessation rates
65
Contingency management
66
Reduced cigarette use
Reduced craving
Reduced negative affect
67
Smoking cessation
68
Smoking cessation
69
Smoking cessation
70
TB treatment
71
Smoking cessation
72
Smoking abstinence
73
Increased quit rate
74
Reduced smoking rates
75
Tobacco dependence treatment
76
Smoking cessation
77
Cognitive flexibility improvement
78
Smoking cessation for cancer
79
Smoking cessation
80
Smoking cessation
81
Reduced drinking
Smoking abstinence
82
Combined medication
Smoking cessation
83
Pre-cessation medication
Smoking cessation
84
NRT
Smoking cessation
85
Nicotine inhaler
Smoking cessation
86
N-glycan branching regulation
87
Light smoking cessation
88
Smoking cessation
89
Smoking cessation
90
Increased courage
Increased motivation
91
Reduced smoking
92
Combination smoking cessation meds
93
Varenicline and NRT for smoking cessation
95
Smoking cessation
96
Smoking cessation support
97
Reduced smoking exposure
98
Smoking cessation
99
Smoking cessation
100
Smoking cessation
101
Smoking cessation
102
Smoking cessation
103
Risk Keywords
Relapse
6
No proven practical treatment
10
Skin irritation
15
Effectiveness not established
23
Unclear effect in hospital patients
24
Low uptake of treatment
31
Smoking
34
Smoking
37
Limited subgroup data
42
Biased results
52
Low quit rates
60
anxiety
depression
63
Smoking cessation
64
None mentioned
65
Smoking
Substance use disorders
66
Nausea
Sleep disturbance
73
None mentioned
76
Heavy drinking
83
Insomnia
Nausea
94
Smoking disease risk
97
Literature analysis of 103 papers
Positive Content
97
Neutral Content
5
Negative Content
1
Article Type
83
11
18
19
103
1.

Measures of affect and nicotine dependence predict differential response to smoking cessation treatments.

Author: ZelmanD C, BrandonT H, JorenbyD E, BakerT B

Smoking cessation

A study of 126 smokers assigned to different smoking cessation treatments found that skills training and support counseling, as well as nicotine gum and rapid smoking, resulted in similar 1-year abstinence rates. Skills training led to higher initial cessation and more coping skills, while rapid smoking induced aversion to cigarettes. Treatment effectiveness varied based on individual factors, including pretreatment negative affect and craving levels.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

2.

Effect on smoking cessation of silver acetate, nicotine and ordinary chewing gum. Influence of smoking history.

Author: JensenE J, SchmidtE, PedersenB, DahlR

Smoking cessation

This study compared the effectiveness of nicotine chewing gum, silver acetate chewing gum, and ordinary chewing gum for smoking cessation in 496 participants. Overall, there was no significant difference between the groups after 26 weeks. However, when considering smoking history (weighted pack-years), silver acetate chewing gum was more effective for smokers with a low smoking history, while nicotine chewing gum was more effective for smokers with a high smoking history. This suggests that individualizing smoking cessation support based on smoking history may improve outcomes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

Antismoking products.

Author: GourlayS G, McNeilJ J

Improved smoking cessation rates

Nicotine replacement therapy, particularly in motivated, highly nicotine-dependent smokers, is a safe and effective treatment for tobacco dependence. Nicotine gum has shown consistent benefits, especially when combined with counseling and support. Transdermal nicotine preparations may be similarly effective. Clonidine has shown promise in reducing withdrawal symptoms, but requires further research for long-term efficacy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

4.

Effects of behavioral skills training and schedule of nicotine gum administration on smoking cessation.

Author: GoldsteinM G, NiauraR, FollickM J, AbramsD B

Increased abstinence rates

A study of 89 smokers comparing four different nicotine gum treatments for smoking cessation found that behavioral therapy was more effective than education alone in achieving long-term abstinence at 6 months.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

5.

Treatment effectiveness of hypnosis and behaviour therapy in smoking cessation: a methodological refinement.

Author: HymanG J, StanleyR O, BurrowsG D, HorneD J

A study of 60 smokers found no significant difference in smoking cessation rates between hypnosis, focused smoking, attention placebo, and a waiting list control group.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

6.

Smoking cessation in patients with cardiopulmonary disease: an initial study.

Author: HallS M, BachmanJ, HendersonJ B, BarstowR, JonesR T

Reduced smoking
Relapse

A study of 35 smokers with cardiovascular or pulmonary disease compared health motivation treatment with aversive smoking. While neither treatment was significantly better in reducing smoking, the health motivation approach showed lower attrition rates and better immediate and long-term outcomes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

7.

Smoking reduction: a comparison of the effectiveness of rapid smoking and increasing delay training.

Author: NewmanA, BloomR

Improved self-control

This study comparing two treatment procedures for smoking cessation found that increasing delay pacing was more effective than rapid smoking in facilitating self-control of smoking behavior. However, both groups did not show significant differences in the number of cigarettes smoked.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

8.

An analysis of the effectiveness of interventions intended to help people stop smoking.

Author: LawM, TangJ L

Improved smoking cessation rates

A review of 188 studies found that simple advice and encouragement from a doctor during a routine visit resulted in a 2% success rate for quitting smoking and staying quit for a year. While this is a modest effect, it is cost-effective, costing about $1500 to save a life. Additional interventions, like follow-up letters or spirometry demonstrations, can increase the success rate, particularly for high-risk smokers such as pregnant women and those with heart disease. Behavioral modification techniques, while statistically significant, are not more effective than simple advice but are more expensive. Nicotine replacement therapy is effective for 13% of smokers seeking help, especially those who are nicotine-dependent. Other pharmacological treatments and acupuncture are not proven effective. The study concludes that doctors should routinely advise all patients who smoke to quit and offer additional support to those who are serious about quitting, including nicotine replacement therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

9.

Treating cigarette smoking in drug-abusing clients.

Author: CampbellB K, WanderN, StarkM J, HolbertT

Improved smoking cessation rates

In a study of 490 people in substance abuse treatment, a 16-week cognitive-behavioral group program with nicotine patches helped 74% of participants quit smoking for at least one day. 23% were able to abstain for at least four weeks, and 11% were abstinent at the end of the program. No one in the control group quit smoking on their own. The study challenges common misconceptions about smoking cessation in substance abuse treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Behavioral anti-smoking trial in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients.

Author: CrowleyT J, MacdonaldM J, WalterM I

Reduced CO levels
No proven practical treatment

This study of 49 patients with COPD found that lottery-based reinforcement for reduced carbon monoxide levels was effective in maintaining lower CO levels compared to a control group. However, it did not significantly improve sustained abstinence.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

11.

Programmed therapeutic messages as a smoking treatment adjunct: reducing the impact of negative affect.

Author: BrandonT H, CopelandA L, SaperZ L

Improved maintenance

Providing smokers with personalized therapeutic messages on audiotape players did not improve maintenance of smoking cessation gains compared to standard cognitive-behavioral therapy alone. However, the frequency of device use predicted coping skill use and smoking rates.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

12.

[Controlled randomized trials of pharmaceutic aids for smoking cessation. Results and perspectives].

Author: SaidS, BerlinI, PuechA J

Improved smoking cessation rates

Nicotine patches and nasal spray have been studied for smoking cessation. Quit rates at 3 months using nicotine patches range from 14% to 39%, and one year quit rates range from 9% to 26%. While nasal spray has similar results, it is less well tolerated. These treatments are not entirely effective, and research on long-term outcomes (beyond 1 year) is lacking. Focusing on the psychological factors of smokers (depression, anxiety) and developing targeted treatments may be more promising.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : French

13.

An evaluation of a multicomponent treatment program involving scheduled smoking and relapse prevention procedures: initial findings.

Author: CinciripiniP M, LapitskyL G, WallfischA, MaceR, NezamiE, Van VunakisH

Increased abstinence rates

In a study of 34 smokers, those who received a scheduled smoking program that involved gradually reducing nicotine intake were more successful in quitting than those who received self-help materials. 53% of the scheduled smoking group quit at 6 months and 41% quit at 12 months, compared to only 6% of the control group. The study suggests that this scheduled smoking approach may be a useful addition to other smoking cessation programs.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

14.

Nicotine fading and smokeholding methods to smoking cessation.

Author: BecoñaE, GarcíaM P

Effective treatment

A multicomponent behavioral package for smoking cessation, including nicotine fading and smokeholding techniques, showed high quit rates at the end of treatment, but the most effective package at 12-month follow-up was nicotine fading and cigarette fading.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

Effectiveness of a nicotine patch in helping people stop smoking: results of a randomised trial in general practice. Imperial Cancer Research Fund General Practice Research Group.

Author:

Smoking cessation
Skin irritation

Nicotine patches are effective in a general practice setting with nursing support, but the extent to which this effect is sustained cannot be assessed until the results of longer term follow up are known.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Nicotine patch and self-help video for cigarette smoking cessation.

Author: KillenJ D, FortmannS P, DavisL, VaradyA

Improved smoking cessation rates

In a study of 424 smokers, those who used nicotine patches were more likely to quit smoking (36%) at 2 months compared to those who received a placebo (20%). There was no significant difference in quit rates between the groups using self-help materials alone or with a video. Adherence to the patch treatment was associated with fewer relapses. Although nicotine replacement therapy has helped with smoking cessation, achieving long-term abstinence remains a challenge.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

17.

Cigarette smoking prevalence, cessation and relapse.

Author: StapletonJ

Improved smoking cessation rates

Smoking rates in the UK have declined for many years, but smoking uptake among young people remains high, contributing to a recent rise in overall smoking prevalence. While many smokers want to quit, success rates are low due to nicotine addiction and withdrawal symptoms. Nicotine replacement therapy is the most effective aid for quitting, but relapse rates remain high even after months of abstinence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

18.

A single-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a simple acupuncture treatment in the cessation of smoking.

Author: WaiteN R, CloughJ B

Smoking cessation

Ear electroacupuncture treatment was significantly more effective in helping volunteers to quit smoking than placebo treatment. In a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 78 currently smoking volunteers, 12.5% of the active treatment group compared with 0% of the placebo group ceased smoking at six months.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Practical experiences in smoking reduction and cessation.

Author: BolligerC T

Improved smoking cessation and reduction

Smoking is a major health risk. While quitting is the best option, reducing smoking can also be beneficial for highly dependent smokers. Studies have shown that nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective for both quitting and reducing smoking. The study suggests that allowing people to choose their preferred NRT product is more effective than using only one type of product. While quitting is the ideal goal, reducing smoking significantly is a valid alternative.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

Comorbidity, smoking behavior and treatment outcome.

Author: KeuthenN J, NiauraR S, BorrelliB, GoldsteinM, DePueJ, MurphyC, GastfriendD, ReiterS R, AbramsD

Improved understanding of smoking cessation

This study investigated the relationship between a history of mental and physical health problems, mental health symptoms, smoking habits, and treatment outcomes for smoking cessation, in order to understand factors contributing to addiction and treatment response.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Smokers with multiple behavioral risk factors: how are they different?

Author: SherwoodN E, HennrikusD J, JefferyR W, LandoH A, MurrayD M

The study examines the impact of health risk behaviors (high-fat diets and low physical activity) on readiness for smoking cessation treatment and treatment outcomes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

22.

Sustained-release bupropion for pharmacologic relapse prevention after smoking cessation. a randomized, controlled trial.

Author: HaysJ T, HurtR D, RigottiN A, NiauraR, GonzalesD, DurcanM J, SachsD P, WolterT D, BuistA S, JohnstonJ A, WhiteJ D

Smoking cessation
Weight management

Sustained-release bupropion for 12 months significantly delayed smoking relapse in people who stopped smoking with 7 weeks of bupropion treatment (55.1% vs. 42.3%). It also resulted in less weight gain (3.8 kg vs. 5.6 kg).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

[Effectiveness of a group therapy intervention to quit smoking. Randomized clinical trial].

Author: CamarellesFrancisco, AsensioAngel, Jiménez-RuizCarlos, BecerrilBeatriz, RoderoDolores, VidallerOlga

Smoking cessation
Effectiveness not established

This study compared the effectiveness of group therapy to individual therapy for smoking cessation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Spanish

24.

Controlled trial of three weeks nicotine replacement treatment in hospital patients also given advice and support.

Author: HandS, EdwardsS, CampbellI A, CanningsR

Increased cessation rates
Unclear effect in hospital patients

Smoking is a major health problem in the UK, causing over 120,000 deaths annually. Quitting smoking is crucial for overall health, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) has been shown to help people quit in both healthy individuals and primary care settings. This study will investigate if NRT is effective in helping hospitalized patients quit smoking.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

26.

Brief physician-initiated quit-smoking strategies for clinical oncology settings: a trial coordinated by the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.

Author: SchnollRobert A, ZhangBin, RueMontserrat, KrookJames E, SpearsWayne T, MarcusAlfred C, EngstromPaul F

Smoking cessation

Smoking by cancer patients increases the risk of the cancer returning, weakens treatment effectiveness, and lowers quality of life. Despite this, around one-third of patients who smoked before their diagnosis continue to smoke. This study investigated the effectiveness of a smoking cessation program delivered by oncologists, given the frequent contact between oncologists and their patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

27.

Effect of smoking reduction on later cessation: a pilot experimental study.

Author: CarpenterMatthew J, HughesJohn R, KeelyJosue P

Nicotine replacement therapy

This pilot study found that adding a smoking reduction option did not significantly increase or decrease the likelihood of future quitting in smokers not currently interested in quitting.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

28.

Smoking cessation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Author: van der MeerR M, WagenaE J, OsteloR W J G, JacobsJ E, van SchayckC P

Improved smoking cessation

Combining psychosocial interventions with pharmacological interventions is more effective than no treatment or psychosocial interventions alone in smoking cessation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

29.

Successful treatment with a nicotine lozenge of smokers with prior failure in pharmacological therapy.

Author: ShiffmanSaul, DreslerCarolyn M, RohayJeffrey M

Nicotine lozenge efficacy
Smoking cessation

Nicotine lozenge was effective for smoking cessation in smokers with a history of unsuccessful pharmacological treatment. The lozenge corrected for the lower success rates associated with previous treatment failures by improving outcomes on placebo.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

30.

Extended nortriptyline and psychological treatment for cigarette smoking.

Author: HallSharon M, HumfleetGary L, ReusVictor I, MuñozRicardo F, CullenJennifer

Smoking cessation

Current treatments for smoking rarely help more than 35% of people quit for a year. This may be because these treatments aren't long-term or comprehensive enough for this complex addiction. This study looks at the effects of long-term antidepressant and psychological treatment, considering smoking as a chronic disease.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

31.

Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment.

Author: KaperJ, WagenaE J, SeverensJ L, Van SchayckC P

Increased successful quitters
Low uptake of treatment

Treatment programs help more people quit smoking than trying to quit on their own. However, few smokers seek treatment. Offering financial support through healthcare systems could encourage more people to use smoking cessation programs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

32.

A randomized trial of concurrent versus delayed smoking intervention for patients in alcohol dependence treatment.

Author: JosephAnne M, WillenbringMark L, NugentSean M, NelsonDavid B

Alcohol dependence treatment
Smoking cessation

The study compared the effects of concurrent smoking treatment and intensive treatment for alcohol dependence with delayed smoking treatment, highlighting the reluctance to treat tobacco dependence concurrently with alcohol dependence due to concerns about jeopardizing drinking outcomes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

33.

Reimbursement for smoking cessation treatment may double the abstinence rate: results of a randomized trial.

Author: KaperJ, WagenaE J, WillemsenM C, van SchayckC P

Increased SCT use
Increased quit rate

Financial reimbursement for smoking cessation treatment (SCT) increased the use of SCT and may double the number of successful quitters.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

34.

The feasibility of smoking reduction: an update.

Author: HughesJohn R, CarpenterMatthew J

Improved smoking cessation
Reduced smoking
Smoking

This study examines previous research on smoking reduction to understand: 1) how often smokers reduce their smoking without any intervention, 2) if smokers who try to quit but fail end up smoking less than before, 3) if medications and behavioral therapies can help people cut back on smoking long-term, and 4) if smokers increase other risky behaviors to compensate when they reduce smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

35.

Home health care nurses as a new channel for smoking cessation treatment: outcomes from project CARES (Community-nurse Assisted Research and Education on Smoking).

Author: BorrelliBelinda, NovakScott, HechtJacki, EmmonsKaren, PapandonatosGeorge, AbramsDavid

Reduces cigarette smoking
Smoking cessation

This study found that motivational enhancement (ME) delivered by home health care nurses resulted in greater reductions in the number of cigarettes smoked per day at all follow-ups through 12 months of post-treatment compared to standard care (SC).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

36.

Smoking reduction treatment with 4-mg nicotine gum: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Author: BatraAnil, KlinglerKarl, LandfeldtBjörn, FriederichHubertus M, WestinAke, DanielssonTobias

Promote smoking cessation
Reduce smoking intensity

Nicotine gum may be an efficacious harm-reduction alternative for smokers who are not ready to quit and may promote smoking cessation. The sustained smoking reduction rate in the nicotine gum group was twice that of the placebo group at 4 months (15.8% versus 6.7%, P=.008).

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

37.

Encouraging smokers to quit: the cost effectiveness of reimbursing the costs of smoking cessation treatment.

Author: KaperJanneke, WagenaEdwin J, van SchayckConstant P, SeverensJohan L

Increased smoking cessation
Smoking

Quitting smoking can increase lifespan and reduce healthcare costs. A study found that reimbursing the cost of smoking cessation treatment (SCT) led to more people using SCT and a greater number of successful quitters compared to not offering reimbursement.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

38.

Randomized comparison of a nicotine inhaler and bupropion for smoking cessation and relapse prevention.

Author: CroghanIvana T, HurtRichard D, DakhilShaker R, CroghanGary A, SloanJeff A, NovotnyPaul J, RowlandKendrith M, BernathAlbert, LootsMary L, Le-LindqwisterNguyet A, TschetterLoren K, GarneauStewart C, FlynnKathleen A, EbbertLarry P, WenderDonald B, LoprinziCharles L

Relapse prevention
Smoking abstinence

Combining a nicotine inhaler and bupropion increased smoking abstinence rates compared to either treatment alone. At 3 months, 14% of nicotine inhaler users, 26% of bupropion users, and 34% of combined therapy users were abstinent.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

39.

A randomized controlled clinical trial of auricular acupuncture in smoking cessation.

Author: WuTa-Peng, ChenFang-Pey, LiuJui-Yao, LinMing-Hsien, HwangShinn-Jang

Smoking cessation

Auricular acupuncture was not more effective than sham acupuncture in helping people quit smoking. The smoking cessation rate was 27.1% in the acupuncture group and 20.3% in the sham acupuncture group at the end of treatment and 16.6% and 12.1%, respectively, at the end of follow-up.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

40.

Nicotine gum treatment before smoking cessation: a randomized trial.

Author: EtterJean-François, HugueletPhilippe, PernegerThomas V, CornuzJacques

Starting nicotine gum treatment 4 weeks before the quit date was no more effective than starting treatment on the quit date.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

41.

Impact of bupropion and cognitive-behavioral treatment for depression on positive affect, negative affect, and urges to smoke during cessation treatment.

Author: StrongDavid R, KahlerChristopher W, LeventhalAdam M, AbrantesAna M, Lloyd-RichardsonElizabeth, NiauraRaymond, BrownRichard A

Smoking cessation treatment

Bupropion (a medication) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for depression are used in smoking cessation treatment to help manage mood changes and urges to smoke. More research is needed to understand how these treatments affect these factors before people quit smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

42.

The effectiveness of NHS smoking cessation services: a systematic review.

Author: BauldLinda, BellKirsten, McCulloughLucy, RichardsonLindsay, GreavesLorraine

Smoking cessation
Limited subgroup data

Intensive NHS treatments for smoking cessation are effective in helping smokers quit. The national evaluation found a 53% quit rate at 4 weeks, falling to 15% at 1 year. Further research is needed to determine the most effective models of NHS treatment and their efficacy with subgroups.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

43.

Rapid reduction versus abrupt quitting for smokers who want to stop soon: a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.

Author: LindsonNicola, AveyardPaul, IngramJackie T, InglisJennie, BeachJane, WestRobert, MichieSusan

Smoking cessation treatment

The standard approach to quitting smoking is to stop abruptly on a specific day without reducing the number of cigarettes smoked beforehand. Many smokers find gradual reduction more natural, and they might be more likely to seek help if programs offered this approach. Few studies have compared gradual reduction to quitting abruptly, and most studies are small, don't use medications, and lack the rigorous standards needed for approval.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

44.

Varenicline in prevention of relapse to smoking: effect of quit pattern on response to extended treatment.

Author: HajekPeter, TønnesenPhilip, ArteagaCarmen, RussCristina, TonstadSerena

Smoking cessation

This secondary analysis of a randomized trial of varenicline for smoking cessation examined whether extending the treatment course benefits smokers who achieve abstinence later in the initial treatment period.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

45.

A cluster-randomized effectiveness trial of smoking cessation modified for at-risk smoker subgroups.

Author: BatraAnil, CollinsSusan E, SchröterMartina, EckSandra, TorchallaIris, BuchkremerGerhard

Smoking cessation

This study found that smokers who scored higher on measures of nicotine dependence, impulsivity, and depression were more likely to relapse after quitting compared to those who scored lower. A tailored smoking cessation program for these high-risk smokers produced better results for those with depression, but not for other high-risk smokers. Overall, the tailored program didn't significantly increase quit rates for high-risk smokers compared to those with lower risk, but the quit rates for highly dependent smokers in the tailored group decreased at a faster rate than those with lower risk.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

46.

Predictors of post-treatment relapse to smoking in successful quitters: pooled data from two phase III varenicline trials.

Author: HeffnerJaimee L, LeeTheodore C, ArteagaCarmen, AnthenelliRobert M

Long-term abstinence

Achieving continuous abstinence from smoking by the initial quit date and maintaining abstinence throughout the treatment period is a strong predictor of long-term abstinence. Treatment responders who initiated continuous abstinence later in the treatment period were almost 5 times more likely to relapse.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

47.

A preliminary investigation of varenicline for heavy drinking smokers.

Author: FucitoLisa M, TollBenjamin A, WuRan, RomanoDenise M, TekEce, O'MalleyStephanie S

Alcohol dependence treatment

Varenicline, a medication approved for helping people quit smoking, shows potential for treating alcohol dependence. However, its effectiveness in heavy drinkers and in smokers trying to quit smoking has not been studied. This study will investigate if varenicline can reduce alcohol cravings and consumption in smokers trying to quit smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

48.

Study protocol for a randomised trial of nicotine-free cigarettes as an adjunct to usual NRT-based cessation practice, in people who wish to stop smoking.

Author: WalkerNatalie K, HoweColin, BullenChris, GriggMichele, GloverMarewa, McRobbieHayden, LaugesenMurray, Vander HoornStephen, WhittakerRobyn

Smoking cessation

This study will investigate whether using nicotine-free cigarettes along with nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) can help people quit smoking long-term. Existing smoking cessation methods primarily target nicotine dependence, but this study aims to address both nicotine and psychological dependence on cigarettes. The research is based on evidence suggesting that this combined approach may reduce withdrawal symptoms and improve quit rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

49.

Do smoking reduction interventions promote cessation in smokers not ready to quit?

Author: AsfarTaghrid, EbbertJon O, KlesgesRobert C, RelyeaGeorge E

Increased abstinence rates
Long-term abstinence

Pharmacologic and combined smoking-reduction interventions significantly increased long-term abstinence from smoking. Pharmacologic (2732 participants; OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.43 to 3.79) and combined (638 participants; OR 2.14, 95% CI: 1.28 to 3.60) smoking-reduction interventions significantly increased long-term abstinence from smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

50.

Use of varenicline for 4 weeks before quitting smoking: decrease in ad lib smoking and increase in smoking cessation rates.

Author: HajekPeter, McRobbieHayden J, MyersKatie E, StapletonJohn, DhanjiAl-Rehan

Smoking cessation

Varenicline helps reduce the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms after quitting smoking, but it also seems to make smoking less enjoyable. Current treatment begins a week before quitting, focusing on reducing withdrawal symptoms. This study investigated whether increasing the time someone takes varenicline before quitting could make cigarettes less satisfying and make quitting easier.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

51.

Predictors of smoking cessation among cancer patients enrolled in a smoking cessation program.

Author: SchnollRobert A, MartinezElisa, LangerCorey, MiyamotoCurtis, LeoneFrank

Smoking cessation

Many cancer patients continue to smoke, which negatively affects their treatment outcomes. This study aims to identify factors that predict successful smoking cessation among cancer patients currently receiving smoking cessation treatment. The goal is to use this information to develop more effective smoking cessation programs for this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

52.

Statistical analysis of daily smoking status in smoking cessation clinical trials.

Author: LiYimei, WileytoE Paul, HeitjanDaniel F

Efficient data use
Smoking cessation
Biased results

Longitudinal models with multiple outcome data points, rather than just end of treatment, can make efficient use of the data and incorporate time-varying covariates in smoking cessation trials.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

53.

Marijuana use and tobacco smoking cessation among heavy alcohol drinkers.

Author: MetrikJane, SpillaneNichea S, LeventhalAdam M, KahlerChristopher W

Reduced alcohol consumption

This randomized clinical trial examined the effects of marijuana use on smoking cessation outcomes in heavy drinkers. While marijuana use did not predict smoking lapses, weekly marijuana users made meaningful reductions in their marijuana use and heavy drinking. Further research is needed to examine the effects of smoking cessation treatment that addresses both marijuana and tobacco smoking.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

54.

Yoga as a complementary treatment for smoking cessation in women.

Author: BockBeth C, FavaJoseph L, GaskinsRonnesia, MorrowKathleen M, WilliamsDavid M, JenningsErnestine, BeckerBruce M, TremontGeoffrey, MarcusBess H

Smoking cessation

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death for women in the U.S. Aerobic exercise has been shown to help people quit smoking by improving mood and reducing withdrawal symptoms. Studies outside of smoking cessation have shown that yoga can also reduce stress and negative emotions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

55.

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation.

Author: SteadLindsay F, LancasterTim

Effective smoking cessation

Behavioral support, including counseling and advice, and medications to help quit smoking (like nicotine replacement therapy, varenicline, and bupropion) are effective. Combining these approaches is ideal, but the benefits of different combinations in different groups and settings need more research.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

56.

[Alternative therapies for smoking cessation: clinical practice guidelines review].

Author: Astrid BecerraNelci, AlbaLuz Helena, CastilloJuan Sebastián, MurilloRaúl, CañasAlejandra, García-HerrerosPlutarco

Smoking cessation

Smoking is considered an addiction and is typically treated with a combination of counseling and medication. Alternative approaches like acupuncture, hypnosis, and homeopathy are also used for tobacco addiction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : Spanish

57.

Computer-assisted guidance for dental office tobacco-cessation counseling: a randomized controlled trial.

Author: RindalD Brad, RushWilliam A, SchleyerTitus K L, KirshnerMichael, BoyleRaymond G, ThoeleMerry Jo, AscheStephen E, ThyvalikakathThankam, SpallekHeiko, DurandEmily C U, EnstadChris J, HuntleyCharles L

Smoking cessation

Despite progress in reducing smoking rates, efforts to further decrease tobacco use are lagging. Healthcare providers, including physicians and dentists, have evidence-based tools to help patients quit smoking, but these tools aren't consistently used. Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) are a promising approach to address this gap.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

58.

A randomized clinical trial of smoking cessation treatments provided in HIV clinical care settings.

Author: HumfleetGary L, HallSharon M, DelucchiKevin L, DilleyJames W

Smoking cessation

This study compares the effectiveness of three different smoking cessation interventions delivered in HIV clinics to help people with HIV quit smoking, given the high smoking rates in this population and the health risks associated with smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

59.

Pharmacological interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis.

Author: CahillKate, StevensSarah, PereraRafael, LancasterTim

Smoking cessation

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of disease and early death worldwide. Several medications can help people quit smoking, including nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion, and varenicline (available in Europe and the US), as well as cytisine (available in Russia and some former Soviet countries). Other medications like nortriptyline have also been studied for their effectiveness in quitting smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

60.

Varenicline for smoking cessation among methadone-maintained smokers: a randomized clinical trial.

Author: SteinM D, CavinessC M, KurthM E, AudetD, OlsonJ, AndersonB J

Reduced smoking
Low quit rates

Varenicline did not increase quit rates over placebo in methadone-maintained smokers. Smoking cessation rates in this population remain low, highlighting the need for novel treatment strategies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

61.

The Ask-Advise-Connect approach for smokers in a safety net healthcare system: a group-randomized trial.

Author: VidrineJennifer Irvin, SheteSanjay, LiYisheng, CaoYumei, AlfordMargo Hilliard, Galindo-TaltonMichelle, RabiusVance, SharpBarry, HarmonsonPenny, ZbikowskiSusan M, MilesLyndsay, WetterDavid W

Smoking cessation

Smoking significantly contributes to health disparities and death. It's crucial to reach out to vulnerable smokers with treatment options. Public health guidelines recommend asking all patients about smoking at every appointment and providing advice and referrals to quit smoking.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

62.

Maintenance treatment with varenicline for smoking cessation in patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: a randomized clinical trial.

Author: EvinsA Eden, CatherCorinne, PrattSarah A, PachasGladys N, HoeppnerSusanne S, GoffDonald C, AchtyesEric D, AyerDavid, SchoenfeldDavid A

smoking cessation

This study found that among smokers with serious mental illness who attained initial abstinence with standard treatment, maintenance pharmacotherapy with varenicline and cognitive behavioral therapy improved prolonged tobacco abstinence rates compared with cognitive behavioral therapy alone after 1 year of treatment and at 6 months after treatment discontinuation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

63.

Combination varenicline and bupropion SR for tobacco-dependence treatment in cigarette smokers: a randomized trial.

Author: EbbertJon O, HatsukamiDorothy K, CroghanIvana T, SchroederDarrell R, AllenSharon S, HaysJ Taylor, HurtRichard D

smoking cessation
anxiety
depression

Varenicline combined with bupropion sustained-release increased prolonged abstinence rates compared to varenicline alone at 12 and 26 weeks, but not at 52 weeks. Combination therapy was also associated with increased anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

64.

Evaluating the effect of access to free medication to quit smoking: a clinical trial testing the role of motivation.

Author: JardinBianca F, CropseyKaren L, WahlquistAmy E, GrayKevin M, SilvestriGerard A, CummingsK Michael, CarpenterMatthew J

Smoking cessation

While most smokers are ambivalent about quitting, existing treatments primarily target those motivated to quit. This research investigates the need for interventions specifically tailored for smokers lacking immediate motivation to quit. The study challenges the assumption that active treatments should be reserved for smokers who are ready to quit.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

65.

Proactive tobacco treatment and population-level cessation: a pragmatic randomized clinical trial.

Author: FuSteven S, van RynMichelle, ShermanScott E, BurgessDiana J, NoorbaloochiSiamak, ClothierBarbara, TaylorBrent C, SchledeCarolyn M, BurkeRandy S, JosephAnne M

Increased smoking cessation rates
None mentioned

Proactive, population-based tobacco cessation care using proactive outreach to connect smokers to evidence-based telephone or in-person smoking cessation services is effective for increasing long-term population-level cessation rates.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

66.

Smoking reductions and increased self-efficacy in a randomized controlled trial of smoking abstinence-contingent incentives in residential substance abuse treatment patients.

Author: AlessiSheila M, PetryNancy M

Contingency management
Smoking
Substance use disorders

This study explores the effectiveness of contingency management (CM) for increasing smoking abstinence in residential substance use disorder (SUD) treatment settings. Despite increased smoking bans and culture shifts, many SUD patients continue to smoke. The research aims to identify effective interventions to address smoking within this population.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

67.

Effect of Brief Mindfulness Practice on Self-Reported Affect, Craving, and Smoking: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Using Ecological Momentary Assessment.

Author: RuscioAimee C, MuenchChristine, BredeEmily, WatersAndrew J

Reduced cigarette use
Reduced craving
Reduced negative affect

A pilot randomized controlled trial found that brief mindfulness practice (Brief-MP) delivered on a PDA reduced negative affect, craving, and cigarette use in smokers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

68.

Complementing the Standard Multicomponent Treatment for Smokers With Denicotinized Cigarettes: A Randomized Trial.

Author: McRobbieHayden, PrzuljDunja, SmithKatherine Myers, CornwallDanielle

Smoking cessation

Standard smoking cessation treatments often don't address the sensory and behavioral aspects of smoking that can contribute to relapse. This study examines the use of denicotinized cigarettes, which contain very low levels of nicotine but provide the sensory and behavioral aspects of smoking, as a potential way to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms and improve the effectiveness of standard treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

69.

Evaluating Nicotine Craving, Withdrawal, and Substance Use as Mediators of Smoking Cessation in Cocaine- and Methamphetamine-Dependent Patients.

Author: MageeJoshua C, LewisDaniel F, WinhusenTheresa

Smoking cessation

Smoking is common in people with drug addiction, but quitting smoking is harder for them. This study aims to understand how nicotine cravings affect the success of smoking cessation treatments in people being treated for stimulant addiction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

70.

Examination of the mechanism of action of two pre-quit pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation.

Author: FergusonStuart G, WaltersJulia A E, LuWenying, WellsGudrun P, SchüzNatalie

Smoking cessation

While treatments for quitting smoking are available, many people still fail to quit. Using nicotine patches for a short time before quitting has shown promise in helping people quit. This study aims to understand how two medications used before quitting, varenicline and nicotine patches, work to improve the success of quitting.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

71.

Smoking cessation interventions for pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes.

Author: JeyashreeKathiresan, KathirvelSoundappan, ShewadeHemant D, KaurHarpreet, GoelSonu

TB treatment

Smoking increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection and is linked to worse TB outcomes, including a higher chance of relapse, more severe disease, and drug resistance. Quitting smoking can have significant benefits for TB treatment, reducing the risk of future lung problems.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

72.

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation.

Author: SteadLindsay F, KoilpillaiPriya, FanshaweThomas R, LancasterTim

Smoking cessation

Counseling and medications (like nicotine patches, varenicline, and bupropion) can help people quit smoking. Combining these approaches is often recommended, but more research is needed to understand how well different combinations work in various settings and groups of people.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

73.

Varenicline for Smoking Cessation in Light Smokers.

Author: EbbertJon O, CroghanIvana T, HurtRyan T, SchroederDarrell R, HaysJ Taylor

Smoking abstinence
Nausea
Sleep disturbance

Varenicline was shown to be safe and effective for increasing long-term smoking abstinence rates in predominantly white, light cigarette smokers in this randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The study found that 40% of varenicline users achieved prolonged abstinence at 6 months compared to 8.3% of placebo users.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

74.

Smoking cessation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Author: van EerdEva A M, van der MeerRegina M, van SchayckOnno C P, KotzDaniel

Increased quit rate

A combination of behavioral treatment and pharmacotherapy is effective in helping smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to quit smoking. This was found in a meta-analysis of four studies involving 1,540 participants. However, there is no convincing evidence to support the use of any particular behavioral or pharmacological treatment over others.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

75.

Intra-individual changes in Stroop-related activations linked to cigarette abstinence in adolescent tobacco smokers: Preliminary findings.

Author: YipSarah W, BalodisIris M, CarrollKathleen M, Krishnan-SarinSuchitra, PotenzaMarc N

Reduced smoking rates

This research explores the neural mechanisms of successful tobacco-smoking cessation in youth. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding brain mechanisms to improve interventions for smoking cessation in adolescents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

76.

Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people in treatment for or recovery from substance use disorders.

Author: ApollonioDorie, PhilippsRose, BeroLisa

Tobacco dependence treatment
None mentioned

This study discusses the challenges of treating tobacco dependence in individuals with alcohol and other drug dependencies, including concerns about treatment success and potential impact on recovery from other addictions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

77.

System change interventions for smoking cessation.

Author: ThomasDennis, AbramsonMichael J, BonevskiBillie, GeorgeJohnson

Smoking cessation

System change interventions for smoking cessation are policies and practices implemented by healthcare organizations to routinely identify smokers and offer evidence-based treatments for nicotine dependence. These interventions aim to improve smoking cessation support in healthcare settings and increase successful quit rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

79.

Cancer-related disease factors and smoking cessation treatment: Analysis of an ongoing clinical trial.

Author: CarrollAllison J, Veluz-WilkinsAnna K, BlazekovicSonja, KalhanRavi, LeoneFrank T, WileytoE Paul, SchnollRobert A, HitsmanBrian

Smoking cessation for cancer

This study evaluated whether cancer-related disease factors adversely influence smoking cessation treatment. Cancer-related disease factors did not predict cancer survivors' engagement or success in smoking cessation treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

80.

Postdischarge smoking cessation in subgroups of hospitalized smokers: A latent class analysis.

Author: YliojaThomas, CochranGerald, ChangYuchiao, TindleHilary A, RigottiNancy A

Smoking cessation

Hospitalization offers a chance to help people quit smoking, and programs have proven effective. However, not everyone who receives these services quits, suggesting the need to better understand which patients are more likely to succeed. Traditional methods for predicting success may not fully capture the complexity of different groups of smokers in the hospital.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

81.

Healthcare financing systems for increasing the use of tobacco dependence treatment.

Author: van den BrandFloor A, NagelhoutGera E, RedaAyalu A, WinkensBjorn, EversSilvia M A A, KotzDaniel, van SchayckOnno Cp

Smoking cessation

Smoking is the leading preventable cause of death globally, making it important to help people quit. The cost of smoking cessation treatment can be a barrier. This review examines whether providing financial assistance to people trying to quit or reimbursing their healthcare providers could lead to more successful quit attempts. This is an update to a 2005 review on the topic.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

82.

Effect of Varenicline Combined With Medical Management on Alcohol Use Disorder With Comorbid Cigarette Smoking: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: O'MalleyStephanie S, ZwebenAllen, FucitoLisa M, WuRan, PiepmeierMary E, OckertDavid M, BoldKrysten W, PetrakisIsmene, MuvvalaSrinivas, JatlowPeter, GueorguievaRalitza

Reduced drinking
Smoking abstinence

The study found that varenicline with medical management resulted in decreased heavy drinking among men and increased smoking abstinence in the overall sample.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

83.

Effects of Varenicline Alone and in Combination With Low-dose Naltrexone on Alcohol-primed Smoking in Heavy-drinking Tobacco Users: A Preliminary Laboratory Study.

Author: RobertsWalter, ShiJulia M, TetraultJeanette M, McKeeSherry A

Combined medication
Smoking cessation
Heavy drinking

People who smoke heavily and drink heavily are less likely to quit smoking, even with medication. One potential approach to help these individuals quit is to combine medications that address both alcohol and tobacco use. Adding naltrexone to existing smoking cessation treatments might improve outcomes for this group.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

84.

Mediators of the effect of nicotine pre-treatment on quitting smoking.

Author: HajekPeter, LewisSarah, MunafoMarcus, LindsonNicola, ColemanTim, AveyardPaul,

Pre-cessation medication
Smoking cessation

Using smoking cessation medication for a few weeks before quitting can increase the chances of success, but we don't fully understand how this works. This study examines several theories about how these medications might help, including building confidence, making it easier to stick with the medication after quitting, reducing enjoyment from smoking, and lessening the urge to smoke.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

85.

Different doses, durations and modes of delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation.

Author: LindsonNicola, ChepkinSamantha C, YeWeiyu, FanshaweThomas R, BullenChris, Hartmann-BoyceJamie

NRT
Smoking cessation

Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aims to help people quit smoking by providing nicotine without the harmful effects of cigarettes. While NRT is effective when used after quitting, it's unclear whether higher doses, longer treatment, or using NRT before quitting makes it more effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

86.

Randomized Trial of Nicotine Inhaler for Pregnant Smokers.

Author: OnckenCheryl, DornelasEllen A, KuoChia-Ling, SankeyHeather Z, KranzlerHenry R, MeadErin L, ThurlowMs Sheila D

Nicotine inhaler
Smoking cessation

While nicotine patches and gum haven't proven effective for pregnant women trying to quit smoking, the nicotine inhaler may be a promising alternative. This is because the inhaler mimics some of the sensations associated with smoking, which could make it more appealing and effective for pregnant smokers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

87.

Time-varying effects of 'optimized smoking treatment' on craving, negative affect and anhedonia.

Author: KimNayoung, McCarthyDanielle E, CookJessica W, PiperMegan E, SchlamTanya R, BakerTimothy B

N-glycan branching regulation

This study found that a multi-component treatment intervention for smoking cessation suppressed significant withdrawal symptoms more effectively than recommended usual care among daily adult smokers motivated to quit. The intervention reduced craving pre- and post-target quit day (TQD) and anhedonia post-TQD. Greater post-TQD craving and anhedonia predicted lower odds of abstinence 1 month post-TQD.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

88.

Cue-based treatment for light smokers: A proof of concept pilot.

Author: PollakKathryn I, OliverJason A, PieperCarl, DavisJames M, GaoXiaomei, NoonanDevon, KennedyDanielle, GranadosIsa, FishLaura J

Light smoking cessation

This study examines light smoking (smoking ≤10 cigarettes per day or on some days) and the lack of evidence supporting interventions to help light smokers quit.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

89.

Nicotine replacement treatment, e-cigarettes and an online behavioural intervention to reduce relapse in recent ex-smokers: a multinational four-arm RCT.

Author: McRobbieHayden J, Phillips-WallerAnna, El ZerbiCatherine, McNeillAnn, HajekPeter, PesolaFrancesca, BalmfordJames, FergusonStuart G, LiLin, LewisSarah, CourtneyRyan J, GartnerCoral, BauldLinda, BorlandRon

Smoking cessation

Relapsing after quitting smoking is a big problem. While long-term medication can help, not many people use it. Other behavioral therapies haven't worked well either. However, using fast-acting nicotine replacement or e-cigarettes when cravings are strong could be a better approach. This study will compare this "emergency" approach to a structured online plan to see which is more effective and cost-effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

90.

Care to Quit: a stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial to implement best practice smoking cessation care in cancer centres.

Author: PaulChristine L, WarrenGraham, VinodShalini, MeiserBettina, StoneEmily, BarkerDaniel, WhiteKate, McLennanJames, DayFiona, McCarterKristen, McEnallayMelissa, TaitJordan, CanfellKaren, WeberMarianne, SeganCatherine

Smoking cessation

Smoking is linked to worse outcomes for cancer patients, including more side effects from treatment, lower energy levels, and increased health problems. Although proven smoking cessation help is recommended, it isn't always provided to cancer patients. This study aims to see if a special program to help people quit smoking improves the chances of successfully quitting in those diagnosed with cancer.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

91.

Comparison of Interventional Methods to Motivate and Change the Behavioural Stage of Smokers to Quit Smoking- A Hospital Based Randomised Controlled Trial.

Author: DasDipshikha, MenonIpseeta, GuptaRitu, SharmaAnubhav, AhsanIram, AshrafAsifa

Increased courage
Increased motivation

Enhancing motivation is an important part of smoking cessation treatment, and various interventional methods can be used to motivate unmotivated smokers.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

92.

E-cigarettes versus nicotine replacement treatment as harm reduction interventions for smokers who find quitting difficult: randomized controlled trial.

Author: Myers SmithKatie, Phillips-WallerAnna, PesolaFrancesca, McRobbieHayden, PrzuljDunja, OrzolMarzena, HajekPeter

Reduced smoking

E-cigarettes were more effective than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in helping smokers reduce or quit smoking. In a 6-month study, 26.5% of participants using e-cigarettes achieved a 50% reduction in smoking or quit completely, compared to 6% of those using NRT. The sustained abstinence rate at 6 months was 19.1% for e-cigarettes and 3% for NRT.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

93.

[Combinations of pharmacological treatments in smoking cessation. A systematic review].

Author: UndernerM, PerriotJ, PeifferG, RuppertA-M, de ChazeronI, JaafariN

Combination smoking cessation meds

Combined smoking cessation medications, particularly varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy, were more effective than monotherapies in achieving smoking abstinence, especially for hard-core smokers.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : French

94.

Effects of Combined Varenicline With Nicotine Patch and of Extended Treatment Duration on Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: BakerTimothy B, PiperMegan E, SmithStevens S, BoltDaniel M, SteinJames H, FioreMichael C

Insomnia
Nausea

This randomized clinical trial found no significant difference in smoking cessation rates at 52 weeks between varenicline monotherapy and combined varenicline plus nicotine patch therapy, or between 12-week and 24-week treatment durations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

95.

Effect of Combination Treatment With Varenicline and Nicotine Patch on Smoking Cessation Among Smokers Who Drink Heavily: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: KingAndrea, VenaAshley, de WitHarriet, GrantJon E, CaoDingcai

Varenicline and NRT for smoking cessation

This study investigates the effectiveness of varenicline combined with nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation in smokers who drink heavily. While this combination has been studied in smokers who don’t drink heavily, its effects in heavy drinkers are unknown.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

96.

Time-Varying Mediation of Pharmacological Smoking Cessation Treatments on Smoking Lapse via Craving, Cessation Fatigue, and Negative Mood.

Author: ChakrabortiYajnaseni, CoffmanDonna L, PiperMegan E

Smoking cessation

Quitting smoking is difficult because nicotine is addictive. Over time, smoking becomes a way to avoid unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. This study will investigate how changes in withdrawal symptoms, especially during the first week of quitting, affect how well treatments work. The study will look at how treatments might influence withdrawal symptoms and how these changes might affect whether people can quit smoking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

97.

A general health promotion approach to helping smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Author: LiWilliam Ho Cheung, HoLaurie Long Kwan, CheungAnkie Tan, WongMan Ping, CheungDerek Yee Tak, XiaWei, LamTai Hing

Smoking cessation support
Smoking disease risk

This study examined the feasibility of a general health promotion approach that uses instant messaging to deliver brief motivational interviewing to help smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking. It suggests the potential efficacy and feasibility of a general health promotion approach that uses instant messaging to deliver brief motivational interviewing to help smokers with non-communicable diseases quit smoking.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

98.

Effect of Extending the Duration of Prequit Treatment With Varenicline on Smoking Abstinence: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: HawkLarry W, TiffanyStephen T, ColderCraig R, AshareRebecca L, WrayJennifer M, TyndaleRachel F, BrandonThomas H, MahoneyMartin C

Reduced smoking exposure

Extending the duration of pre-quit varenicline treatment from 1 week to 4 weeks reduced smoking exposure before the target quit date but did not significantly improve continuous abstinence rates in adult daily smokers. This was true for both men and women.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

99.

Multiple Pharmacotherapy Adaptations for Smoking Cessation Based on Treatment Response in Black Adults Who Smoke: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: NollenNicole L, AhluwaliaJasjit S, MayoMatthew S, EllerbeckEdward F, LeavensEleanor L S, SalzmanGary, ShanksDenton, WoodwardJennifer, GreinerK Allen, CoxLisa Sanderson

Smoking cessation

This study investigates the efficacy of adapting smoking cessation medications when an individual has not successfully quit smoking. The study focuses on racial and ethnic minority individuals who smoke, who often face greater challenges in quitting.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

100.

Effect of a Tobacco Cessation Intervention Incorporating Weight Management for Adults With Serious Mental Illness: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: DaumitGail L, EvinsA Eden, CatherCorinne, DalcinArlene T, DickersonFaith B, MillerEdgar R, AppelLawrence J, JeromeGerald J, McCannUna, FordDaniel E, CharlestonJeanne B, YoungDeborah R, GennusaJoseph V, GoldshollStacy, CookCourtney, FinkTyler, WangNae-Yuh

Smoking cessation

Smoking significantly increases the risk of heart disease and death for people with mental illness. This risk is even higher because these individuals are more likely to be overweight or obese, and quitting smoking can cause weight gain. While combining medications and behavioral therapies to help people quit smoking is recommended, it is not offered routinely, especially for people who aren't actively trying to quit.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

101.

Pharmacological and electronic cigarette interventions for smoking cessation in adults: component network meta-analyses.

Author: LindsonNicola, TheodoulouAnnika, Ordóñez-MenaJosé M, FanshaweThomas R, SuttonAlex J, Livingstone-BanksJonathan, HajizadehAnisa, ZhuSufen, AveyardPaul, FreemanSuzanne C, AgrawalSanjay, Hartmann-BoyceJamie

Smoking cessation

Smoking is a major cause of preventable death and illness worldwide. Many people want to quit, and there are medications and e-cigarettes to help. These treatments work by reducing cravings, which helps people stop smoking and prevents them from starting again. We need more research on how these treatments compare to each other to make better decisions about treatment and policy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

102.

Efficacy of insula deep repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with varenicline for smoking cessation: A randomized, double-blind, sham controlled trial.

Author: IbrahimChristine, TangVictor M, BlumbergerDaniel M, MalikSaima, TyndaleRachel F, TrevizolAlisson P, BarrMera S, DaskalakisZafiris J, ZangenAbraham, Le FollBernard

Smoking cessation

A randomized controlled trial of 42 smokers receiving varenicline treatment for smoking cessation found that bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) directed to the insula significantly improved 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates at the end of 12 weeks compared to sham stimulation. While no significant differences were found in abstinence rates at 4 weeks or 6 months, or in smoking outcomes, the findings suggest that insula rTMS may be a beneficial adjunct to varenicline treatment for smoking cessation.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

103.

A smoking cessation intervention for rural veterans tailored to individual risk factors: A multicenter randomized clinical trial.

Author: Vander WegMark W, HowrenM Bryant, GrantKathleen M, ProchazkaAllan V, DuffySonia, BurkeRandy, CretzmeyerMargaret, ParkerChristopher, ThomasEmily B K, RizkMarianne T, BayerJennifer, KinnerEllen M, ClarkJennifer M, KatzDavid A

Smoking cessation

Smoking is more common in rural areas. Many smokers also experience depression, risky drinking, and weight concerns, which can make quitting harder. We need to know whether treatments that address these issues at the same time are more effective for quitting smoking.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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