Effects of timolol ophthalmic: A Synthesis of Findings from 30 Studies

  1. Home
  2. Effects of timolol ophthalmic
This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician.Data sources and disclaimers (data limitations, copyright, etc.)The analysis on "Effects of timolol ophthalmic: A Synthesis of Findings from 30 Studies" on this page is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM). However, NLM does not endorse or verify these analyses.

This analysis is based on research papers included in PubMed, but medical research is constantly evolving and may not fully reflect the latest findings. There may also be biases towards certain research areas.

This information is not medical advice and is not a substitute for diagnosis or treatment by a physician. If you have concerns about "Effects of timolol ophthalmic: A Synthesis of Findings from 30 Studies", please consult your doctor.

For NLM copyright information, please see Link to NLM Copyright Page
PubMed data is obtained via Hugging Face Datasets: Link to DatasetPlease check the disclaimer.
This page's analysis is based on PubMed data provided by the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM).
Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Timolol ophthalmic solution is a common medication used to treat glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. 7 , 19 , 26 , 30 , 2 , 16 , 18 , 14 , 15 , 8 , 3 , 12 , 1 , 21 , 4 , 6 , 27 , 25 , 20 , 28 , 10 , 17 , 22 , , 13 , 24 , 11 , 9 , 29 Research has shown that timolol ophthalmic solution effectively lowers intraocular pressure. 26 Timolol ophthalmic solution may also work more effectively in lowering intraocular pressure when used in combination with other glaucoma medications. 20 Furthermore, timolol ophthalmic solution is considered safer than other treatment options. 1 However, timolol ophthalmic solution may affect the heart and respiratory system. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Timolol ophthalmic solution lowers intraocular pressure. 26 It may also work more effectively in lowering intraocular pressure when used in combination with other glaucoma medications. 20 Additionally, timolol ophthalmic solution is considered safer than other treatment options. 1

Risk Summary

Timolol ophthalmic solution may affect the heart and respiratory system. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25

Comparison Between Studies

Similarities Between Studies

Many studies have shown that timolol ophthalmic solution effectively lowers intraocular pressure. 26 Timolol ophthalmic solution may also work more effectively in lowering intraocular pressure when used in combination with other glaucoma medications. 20

Differences Between Studies

Research has produced different results regarding the side effects of timolol ophthalmic solution. Some studies have reported effects on the heart and respiratory system. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25 However, other studies have not reported effects on the heart and respiratory system. 1

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Many studies have produced consistent results that timolol ophthalmic solution effectively lowers intraocular pressure. 26 However, research has produced different results regarding side effects, and further research is needed. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25 , 1

Points to Note for Application in Real Life

Timolol ophthalmic solution effectively lowers intraocular pressure and is used to treat glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. 26 However, it may affect the heart and respiratory system, so it is important to use it as directed by your doctor. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25

Limitations of Current Research

Research on the side effects of timolol ophthalmic solution is not yet comprehensive. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25 , 1 Therefore, it is not possible to fully assess the risk of side effects from timolol ophthalmic solution.

Future Research Directions

Further research on the side effects of timolol ophthalmic solution is needed. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25 , 1 In particular, research on side effects from long-term use and side effects in specific patient groups is needed.

Conclusion

Timolol ophthalmic solution lowers intraocular pressure and is used to treat glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. 26 However, it may affect the heart and respiratory system, so it is important to use it as directed by your doctor. 7 , 3 , 27 , 25 When using timolol ophthalmic solution, consult your doctor and make sure you understand how to use it and the potential side effects.

Literature analysis of 30 papers
Positive Content
20
Neutral Content
5
Negative Content
5
Article Type
16
0
0
3
29
1.

Clinical trial comparing timolol ophthalmic solution to pilocarpine in open-angle glaucoma.

Author: BogerW P, SteinertR F, PuliafitoC A, Pavan-LangstonD

Lower intraocular pressure
No accommodative spasm
No miosis
Slowed pulse

Timolol ophthalmic solution was as effective as pilocarpine in reducing intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma and did not cause common side effects of pilocarpine, such as miosis, accommodative spasm, or other annoying side effects. It slowed the pulse rate but did not affect blood pressure.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Effects of timolol ophthalmic solution on the intra-ocular pressure rise induced by suxamethonium and tracheal intubation.

Author: BrickerS R, McGalliardJ N, MercerN P, SmithG T, TrimbleR B, MostafaS M

Topical application of timolol ophthalmic solution 0.25% did not significantly impact responses to suxamethonium and tracheal intubation compared to normal saline in patients undergoing elective ophthalmic surgery.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

3.

Dynamics and kinetics of ophthalmic timolol.

Author: AffrimeM B, LowenthalD T, TobertJ A, ShirkJ, EidelsonB, CookT, OnestiG

Timolol efficacy

Timolol eye drops effectively reduced intraocular pressure without causing drug accumulation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Interaction between timolol eyedrops and oral nicardipine or oral diltiazem in healthy Japanese subjects.

Author: YatsukaY I, TsutsumiK, KotegawaT, NakamuraK, NakanoS, NakatsukaK

Timolol, a topical glaucoma medication, can have adverse cardiovascular effects. This study investigated the pharmacodynamic interactions between timolol and two calcium channel blockers, nicardipine and diltiazem.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Effects of timolol ophthalmic solution on the intra-ocular pressure rise induced by suxamethonium and tracheal intubation.

Author: BrickerS R, McGalliardJ N, MercerN P, SmithG T, TrimbleR B, MostafaS M

Topical application of timolol ophthalmic solution 0.25% did not significantly impact responses to suxamethonium and tracheal intubation compared to normal saline in patients undergoing elective ophthalmic surgery.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

There's Danger in the Drops: Systemic Effects of Ophthalmic Drops Used to Treat Glaucoma.

Author: HagaClaire, WallerThomas, AhujaAbhimanyu S, FarfordBryan, DawsonNancy, YinMingyuan

Systemic side effects

Timolol is a medication used to treat glaucoma, a common eye disorder. This case report describes a patient who developed lightheadedness, dyspnea, chest pressure, and faintness after starting timolol eye drops. These symptoms resolved when the patient stopped using the eye drops. This case highlights the potential for systemic side effects from topical ophthalmic drops and emphasizes the importance of patient education.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.

Language : English

8.

Once-Daily Netarsudil Versus Twice-Daily Timolol in Patients With Elevated Intraocular Pressure: The Randomized Phase 3 ROCKET-4 Study.

Author: KhouriAlbert S, SerleJanet B, BacharachJason, UsnerDale W, LewisRichard A, BraswellPuiwah, KopczynskiCasey C, HeahTheresa,

Reduced IOP
Tolerable side effects
Conjunctival hyperemia
Reduced heart rate

This double-masked, randomized, noninferiority study compared the IOP-lowering efficacy and safety of netarsudil once daily and timolol twice daily in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Netarsudil was noninferior to timolol in reducing IOP, with mean reductions from baseline ranging from 3.9 to 4.7 mmHg for netarsudil and 3.8 to 5.2 mmHg for timolol. No treatment-related serious adverse events were reported for either drug, but timolol was associated with statistically significant reductions in mean heart rate.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

Development of a Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Amino Acid-Dicarboxylate Prodrug With Improved Ocular Bioavailability.

Author: AdelliGoutham R, BhagavPrakash, TaskarPranjal, HingoraniTushar, PettawaySara, GulWaseem, ElSohlyMahmoud A, RepkaMichael A, MajumdarSoumyajit

IOP lowering
Ocular penetration

This study evaluated the ocular penetration and intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering activity of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) prodrugs compared to THC, timolol, and pilocarpine eye drops. The researchers found that THC prodrugs showed promising potential for ocular penetration and IOP reduction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

11.

Preventive Dorzolamide-Timolol for Rising Intraocular Pressure During Steep Trendelenburg Position Surgery.

Author: MolloyBonnie Lee, CongXiamei, WatsonCharles

IOP reduction

Prophylactic therapy with dorzolamide-timolol significantly reduced IOP of surgical patients during steep Trendelenburg positioning.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Comparison of the intraocular pressure-lowering effect and safety of brimonidine/timolol fixed combination and 0.5% timolol in normal-tension glaucoma patients.

Author: KimJoon Mo, KimTae-Woo, KimChan Yun, KimHwang Ki, ParkKi Ho

Improved IOP-lowering effect

Brimonidine/timolol fixed-combination (BTFC) lowered intraocular pressure (IOP) more effectively than 0.5% timolol ophthalmic solution in patients with normal-tension glaucoma. After 12 weeks, IOP decreased by more than 20% in 56% of patients in the BTFC group compared to 23.53% in the 0.5% timolol group.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

The transcorneal penetration of commercial ophthalmic formulations containing timolol maleate in rabbit eyes.

Author: FukudaMasamichi, SasakiHiroshi

The concentration of timolol maleate penetrated to the aqueous humor was highest in DuoTrav followed by Cosopt, Timoptol, and Xalacom.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

15.

[Fixed combinations of glaucoma medications].

Author: CălugăruD, CălugăruM

Glaucoma treatment

Fixed combinations of ocular hypotensive agents may offer advantages in glaucoma treatment, but their efficacy varies compared to monotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : Romanian

16.

Clinical efficacy of topical nipradilol and timolol on visual field performance in normal-tension glaucoma: a multicenter, randomized, double-masked comparative study.

Author: AraieMakoto, ShiratoShiroaki, YamazakiYoshio, KitazawaYoshiaki, OhashiYasuo,

IOP reduction
Visual field improvement

Topical nipradilol and timolol were equally effective in reducing intraocular pressure and improving visual field performance in normal-tension glaucoma patients.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

17.

Topical dorzolamide 2%/timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution: a review of its use in the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension.

Author: FramptonJames E, PerryCaroline M

Convenience
Glaucoma treatment
IOP reduction
OH treatment

This review discusses the efficacy and safety of dorzolamide/timolol ophthalmic solution, a fixed combination of dorzolamide and timolol for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

18.

Improvement of the ocular bioavailability of timolol by sorbic acid.

Author: HigashiyamaMasayo, InadaKatsuhiro, OhtoriAkira, TojoKakuji

Improved ocular bioavailability

The ocular bioavailability of timolol, a beta-blocker, was enhanced by the presence of sorbic acid due to ion pair formation, leading to increased partitioning of timolol in the corneal epithelium.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

20.

Dorzolamide/timolol combination versus concomitant administration of brimonidine and timolol: six-month comparison of efficacy and tolerability.

Author: SallKenneth N, GreffLinda J, Johnson-PrattLisa R, DeLuccaPaul T, PolisAdam B, KolodnyAndrea H, FletcherCharlena A, CasselDeborah A, BoyleDenise R, SkobierandaFranck

Glaucoma treatment
Ocular hypertension treatment
Drug-related adverse experiences

The dorzolamide/timolol combination and the concomitant administration of brimonidine and timolol are comparable in efficacy and tolerability for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with ocular hypertension or primary open-angle glaucoma.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Comparison of efficacy and tolerability between two gel-forming timolol maleate ophthalmic solutions in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Author: ShibuyaTakashi, KashiwagiKenji, TsukaharaShigeo

Glaucoma treatment

Both gel-forming timolol maleate ophthalmic solutions, Timoptol XE and Lizmon TG, showed similar efficacy in reducing intraocular pressure and were well tolerated by patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

22.

Drug interaction between cimetidine and timolol ophthalmic solution: effect on heart rate and intraocular pressure in healthy Japanese volunteers.

Author: IshiiY, NakamuraK, TsutsumiK, KotegawaT, NakanoS, NakatsukaK

Reduce IOP
Beta-blockade

This study examined the effect of cimetidine on the beta-blockade caused by timolol ophthalmic solution.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

23.

Interaction between timolol eyedrops and oral nicardipine or oral diltiazem in healthy Japanese subjects.

Author: YatsukaY I, TsutsumiK, KotegawaT, NakamuraK, NakanoS, NakatsukaK

Timolol, a topical glaucoma medication, can have adverse cardiovascular effects. This study investigated the pharmacodynamic interactions between timolol and two calcium channel blockers, nicardipine and diltiazem.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

24.

[The mechanism of corneal epithelial disorder induced by prostaglandin F2 alpha isopropyl unoprostone].

Author: ToshinoA, OkamotoS, ShimamuraI, MiyamotoF, HaraY, KodamaT, OhashiY

Corneal epithelial defect

Isopropyl unoprostone (PGF2 alpha) suppressed cell proliferation and had toxic effects on corneal epithelial cells, while timolol impaired the barrier function of the ocular surface.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Japanese

25.

[A case of severe bronchial asthma following first use of timolol ophthalmic solution].

Author: InamizuT, YoshikawaM, MuraiH

Asthma Attack
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Hypoxemia

Timolol maleate is a drug used to treat glaucoma. A 65-year-old woman with asthma experienced an asthma attack after using timolol eye drops.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Japanese

26.

Double-masked comparative study of UF-021 and timolol ophthalmic solutions in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension.

Author: AzumaI, MasudaK, KitazawaY, TakaseM, YamamuraH

No cardiovascular effects
Reduced IOP
Side effects

UF-021 (Rescula), a prostaglandin-related compound, was compared to timolol maleate for its effectiveness in lowering intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients. Both drugs significantly reduced IOP, with UF-021 showing similar efficacy to timolol. Importantly, UF-021 did not affect blood pressure, unlike timolol.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

27.

[Severe bronchial spasm crises induced by topical administration of eyedrops with timolol base, a non-selective beta blocking agent].

Author: ConfalonieriM, AiolfiS, PatriniG, ScartabellatiA, GhioL, MauriF, Della PortaR, GandolaL

Bronchospasm

Timolol ophthalmic solution can induce severe bronchospasm in patients with airways hyper-reactivity.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : Italian

28.

.008% timolol ophthalmic solution. A minimal-effect dose in a normal volunteer model.

Author: Mottow-LippaL S, LippaE A, NaidoffM A, ClementiR, BjornssonT, JonesK

Intraocular pressure reduction

Timolol maleate ophthalmic solution is used to treat glaucoma. This study assessed the effect of low concentrations of timolol on intraocular pressure in healthy volunteers. A single dose of 0.008% timolol significantly decreased intraocular pressure, while higher concentrations showed a slight contralateral hypotensive effect.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

29.

The effect of timolol, betaxolol, and placebo on corneal sensitivity in healthy volunteers.

Author: VogelR, ClineschmidtC M, HoehH, KulagaS F, TippingR W

Reduced corneal sensitivity

Timolol and betaxolol are eye drops that reduce intraocular pressure. This study tested the effect of these drops on corneal sensitivity in 60 healthy volunteers. Timolol significantly decreased corneal sensitivity 1 minute after instillation. Betaxolol significantly reduced corneal sensitivity at every time point up to 10 minutes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

30.

[The effect of levobunolol eyedrops on trabecular outflow of aqueous humor in chronic simple glaucoma].

Author: CălugăruM

Increased outflow facility

Topical levobunolol significantly increases outflow facility in patients with open-angle glaucoma, while timolol has little effect. This difference can be explained by the different pharmacokinetic profiles of the two beta-blockers.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

This site uses cookies. Visit our privacy policy page or click the link in any footer for more information and to change your preferences.