Effective treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: A Synthesis of Findings from 88 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. 82 . PCOS is characterized by irregular periods, excess androgen (male hormone), and cysts on the ovaries. 82 . These conditions can lead to problems with fertility, as well as other health issues like diabetes and heart disease. 82 .

Research has shown that various treatments can be effective for PCOS, depending on the individual patient's needs. 88 . For example, clomiphene citrate is often the first-line treatment for ovulation induction in women with PCOS. 66 . If clomiphene citrate doesn't work, other treatments like gonadotropins may be used to induce ovulation. 66 . Metformin, a medication used to manage diabetes, may improve the effectiveness of ovulation induction and reduce the risk of multiple pregnancies. 66 .

Other treatments for PCOS include lifestyle changes, such as weight loss and exercise, as well as surgical procedures like laparoscopic ovarian drilling. 43 , 13 . Some studies have investigated the use of herbal remedies and supplements for PCOS. 84 . The effectiveness of different treatments can vary depending on the individual patient's characteristics and the specific symptoms they experience. 53 , 29 , 17 .

Treatment Summary

Treatments for PCOS are diverse and can be tailored to individual needs. 66 , 23 , 13 , 84 . Common treatments include ovulation induction using medications like clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins. 66 . Metformin is often used to improve insulin sensitivity and may enhance the effectiveness of ovulation induction while reducing the risk of multiple pregnancies. 66 . Lifestyle changes, such as weight loss and exercise, are also crucial for managing PCOS symptoms. 43 , 74 Other treatments like surgery, herbal remedies, and supplements are being investigated for their potential benefits. 13 , 84 .

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

PCOS treatments can offer various benefits, including improving ovulation, balancing hormones, reducing symptoms, and increasing chances of pregnancy. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . In particular, metformin has been shown to improve pregnancy and live birth rates. 46 . Lifestyle changes can also significantly improve symptoms and overall health for individuals with PCOS. 74 .

Risks Summary

PCOS treatments can come with potential risks and side effects. 55 . Metformin can cause digestive issues. 55 . Clomiphene citrate may cause vision problems and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). 55 . Gonadotropins carry a higher risk of OHSS and multiple pregnancies. 55 . Letrozole may increase the risk of uterine abnormalities and birth defects. 55 . Surgical procedures can lead to infections and adhesions. 55 .

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities

Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of various treatments for PCOS, leading to improvements in ovulation, hormone balance, symptom reduction, and pregnancy rates. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 .

Differences

Different studies have investigated various treatments and their outcomes, leading to variations in findings regarding specific therapies and their effectiveness. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . For example, the effectiveness of metformin has varied across studies. 66 , 46 . Similarly, clomiphene citrate may be effective for some individuals but not others, necessitating alternative treatments like gonadotropins. 66 .

Consistency and Contradictions

Research indicates that the effectiveness of PCOS treatments can differ significantly among individuals. 53 , 29 , 17 . Therefore, treatment selection should be tailored to each patient's unique symptoms and physical characteristics. 53 , 29 , 17 .

Practical Considerations

PCOS treatments should be managed by a qualified healthcare professional. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . Self-treating PCOS can be dangerous and is not recommended. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . It's important to understand the potential benefits and risks associated with different treatment options before making decisions about your care. 55 .

Limitations of Current Research

Research on PCOS treatments remains limited in some areas. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . Specifically, long-term effects and safety data are still being gathered for many treatments. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . Additionally, the wide range of individual patient characteristics makes it challenging to generalize treatment outcomes.

Future Research Directions

Future research on PCOS treatments should focus on collecting long-term data on effectiveness and safety, as well as developing individualized treatment plans that address the specific needs of each patient. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . Further research into the underlying causes of PCOS is also essential for developing new and more effective treatment strategies. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 .

Conclusion

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. 82 . Treatments for PCOS can offer benefits like improved ovulation, hormone balance, symptom reduction, and increased chances of pregnancy. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . It is important to note that these treatments can also have side effects. 55 . It's crucial to work with a qualified healthcare provider to find the best treatment plan for you. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 . While research on PCOS treatments is ongoing, more research is needed to fully understand long-term effects and develop personalized treatment strategies. 66 , 23 , 13 , 46 , 74 .

Treatment List

Clomiphene citrate, gonadotropins, metformin, letrozole, aromatase inhibitors, lifestyle changes, surgical procedures, herbal remedies, supplements.

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Suppressed gonadotrophins and androgens
1
Improved ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation
2
Improved hirsutism treatment
3
Improved hirsutism treatment
4
Hormonal milieu improvement
Ovarian architecture improvement
Ovarian vascularization improvement
5
Pregnancy rate
6
Improved ovulation
Reduced androgen
7
Improved PCOS treatment
8
Reduced insulin levels
9
Improved ovulation induction
10
Reduced androgen levels
Reduced hirsutism
11
Induce ovulation
12
Ovulation induction
Reduced OHSS risk
Reduced multiple pregnancy risk
13
Improves ovulation
Restores spontaneous menses
14
Reduced cholesterol
15
Cardioprotective effects
Improved PCOS symptoms
Increased ovulation and pregnancy rates
16
Reduced insulin levels
Reduced testosterone levels
17
Improved pregnancy rates
18
Effective treatment of PCOS
19
PCOS treatment
20
Androgen suppression
Menstrual improvement
21
Improve hyperandrogenism
Improve lipid profile
22
Improved fertility
23
Patient preference
24
Improve pregnancy outcome
Reduce OHSS
25
Antiandrogenic activity
Improved hirsutism
26
Improved menstrual pattern
Reduced testosterone
27
Menstrual cyclicity
Reproductive function
28
Ovulation induction
29
Improved PCOS treatment
30
DHEAS increase
31
Improved insulin sensitivity
Improved menstrual cyclicity
Increased ovulation rate
Reduced abdominal fat
Reduced weight
32
Improved PCOS treatment
33
Improved hematologic variables
Improved hormonal features
Improved metabolic parameters
Reduced coagulation parameters
Reduced insulin levels
34
Improved lipid profile
Increased pregnancy rates
35
PCOS treatment
36
PCOS treatment
37
Reduced risk of OHSS
Similar cycle outcomes
38
Effective treatment
Less invasive
39
PCOS treatment
40
Effective for PCOS infertility
41
PCO treatment
42
PCOS treatment
43
PCOS pregnancy
44
Improved LBR
Improved PR
46
Improved ovulation rate
47
Treatment of PCOS
48
Infertility treatment
Low complication rate
Pregnancy rates
49
Ovulation induction
Pregnancy rate
50
Effective ovulation induction
51
GnRH antagonist efficacy
IVF treatment
52
Ovulation rate improvement
Pregnancy rate improvement
53
Improved insulin sensitivity
Improved menstrual cycles
Reduced androgen levels
54
Anovulation treatment
56
Ovulation induction
57
Higher live birth rate
Higher ovulation rate
58
Contraception
PCOS symptom relief
59
Ovulation improvement
Pregnancy improvement
60
PCOS treatment
61
Live birth
Ovulation induction
62
Reduced LH pulse frequency
Reduced serum LH and T
63
Insulin sensitivity
PCOS treatment
65
PCOS treatment
66
Improved ovulation rate
Improved pregnancy rate
Improved symptom treatment
67
PCOS treatment
68
PCOS treatment
69
Hirsutism Treatment
70
HA parameter improvement
Hirsutism improvement
71
AIs
PCOS treatment
72
gonadotrophins in PCOS
73
PCOS treatment
Weight management
74
Hormonal treatment
PCOS treatment
75
Ovulation induction
Pregnancy rate
Reduced risk
77
PCOS treatment
78
Improved insulin sensitivity
Reduced glucose
79
Polycystic ovary syndrome treatment
80
Hyperandrogenism suppression
LH-to-FSH ratio reduction
PCOS treatment
81
PCOS treatment
82
PCOS treatment
83
PCOS treatment
84
PCOS treatment
85
Hyperandrogenism reduction
Metformin
86
Improved PCOS symptoms
87
PCOS treatment
Testosterone reduction
88
Risk Keywords
Treatment cost
6
Lower success rates with gonadotrophin stimulation
Multiple pregnancy
OHSS
10
Expensive
Stressful
Time consuming
13
No significant risk
17
Delayed response
21
Increase triglycerides
22
None reported
23
Trade-offs
24
Polycystic ovary syndrome
30
Androgen level rebound
Infertility
Polycystic ovary syndrome
31
Polycystic ovary syndrome
33
None reported
34
Metformin PCOS
45
Ectopic pregnancy
Miscarriage
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
49
OHSS risk
52
Lactic acidosis
Liver toxicity
Venous thromboembolism
55
Congenital anomalies
Dizziness
Fatigue
Hot flushes
58
OHSS
62
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Pregnancy outcomes
64
OHSS risk
limited evidence
73
Adverse pregnancy outcomes
76
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
77
Cycle cancellation
Multiple pregnancies
Surgical complications
78
Hormonal suppression
No live birth correlation
79
PCOS
86
Literature analysis of 88 papers
Positive Content
85
Neutral Content
0
Negative Content
3
Article Type
57
22
28
24
88
1.

An attempt to alter the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome using a gonadotrophin hormone releasing hormone agonist--Nafarelin.

Author: WilliamsI A, ShawR W, BurfordG

Suppressed gonadotrophins and androgens

A study of 15 women with polycystic ovary syndrome found that the GnRH agonist Nafarelin effectively suppressed gonadotropins and androgens, but did not consistently reduce ovarian volume or improve hirsutism. The study suggests that the underlying condition remains permanent.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

2.

The effects of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist on follicular development in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in an in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer programme.

Author: GersakK, Meden-VrtovecH, TomazevicT

Improved ovarian response to gonadotrophin stimulation

In a study of 40 women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in-vitro fertilization (IVF), pre-treatment with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist before gonadotropin stimulation did not significantly affect ovarian response. While pre-treatment did temporarily correct hormonal imbalances, it did not change the number or size of follicles, the number of eggs retrieved or fertilized, or the number of embryos transferred. However, the average estrogen level was lower in the group that received pre-treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

Comparison of four different treatment regimes in hirsutism related to polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: GökmenO, SenözS, GülekliB, IşikA Z

Improved hirsutism treatment

In a study of 141 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and excessive hair growth (hirsutism), four treatments were compared: low-dose birth control pills, cyproterone acetate, spironolactone, and ketoconazole. All treatments were effective in reducing hirsutism, with ketoconazole showing the most significant improvement (34.6% reduction in hair growth). While all treatments increased good cholesterol, the increase was smaller with ketoconazole compared to birth control pills and cyproterone acetate. Free testosterone levels decreased after treatment, with the largest decrease seen in the ketoconazole group. While ketoconazole appears promising for treating hirsutism related to PCOS, further research on its effects on blood lipids is needed, as PCOS involves more than just excessive hair growth.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Treatment of hirsutism by finasteride and flutamide in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: FalsettiL, De FuscoD, EleftheriouG, RosinaB

Improved hirsutism treatment

In a study of 44 women with polycystic ovary syndrome and excessive hair growth (hirsutism), both finasteride and flutamide were effective in reducing hair growth after six months of treatment. Both medications reduced the Ferriman-Gallwey score (a measure of hair growth) and hair diameter. Finasteride reduced the score by 25% and hair diameter by 16-25%, while flutamide reduced the score by 20% and hair diameter by 15.3-22%. Abdominal hair was particularly responsive to both medications. Flutamide also lowered testosterone levels. No serious side effects or changes in blood tests were observed.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Ultrasonographic and color Doppler analysis in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: BattagliaC, GenazzaniA D, ArtiniP G, SalvatoriM, GiuliniS, VolpeA

Hormonal milieu improvement
Ovarian architecture improvement
Ovarian vascularization improvement

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analog plus oral contraceptive (OC) therapy has a more rapid and marked effect on the hormonal milieu, ovarian architecture and vascularization in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) than OC alone. In a prospective, randomized study, significant changes occurred in the parameters analyzed as a result of therapy, and the changes were more marked in the group undergoing treatment with GnRH analog plus OC.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

6.

A cost comparison of infertility treatment for clomiphene resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: FridströmM, SjöblomP, GranbergM, HillensjöT

Pregnancy rate
Treatment cost

In vitro fertilization (IVF) was more effective in achieving pregnancy than ovulation induction in women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. IVF was also less expensive per pregnancy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Effects of metformin on gonadotropin-induced ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: De LeoV, la MarcaA, DittoA, MorganteG, CianciA

Improved ovulation
Reduced androgen

This study found that pretreatment with metformin reduced the number of follicles greater than 15 mm in diameter and the percentage of cycles with hCG withheld due to excessive follicular development in women with clomiphene-resistant PCOS undergoing FSH stimulation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

8.

Laparoscopic "drilling" by diathermy or laser for ovulation induction in anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: FarquharC, VandekerckhoveP, ArnotM, LilfordR

Improved PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can make it difficult for women to ovulate. While surgery used to be the main treatment, it is now replaced by medication like clomiphene and gonadotropins. However, gonadotropin treatment can cause complications like ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple pregnancies. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling, a new surgical procedure, may reduce the need for gonadotropins, resulting in fewer complications and a higher rate of spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

9.

[Role of hyperinsulinemia in pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome and treatment by reduction of insulin secretion].

Author: WangA, LiM, LuC

Reduced insulin levels

Hyperinsulinemia may play an important role in the hyperandrogenism of PCOS, and metformin may be used in the treatment of PCOS.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Chinese

11.

Hormonal and clinical effects of GnRH agonist alone, or in combination with a combined oral contraceptive or flutamide in women with severe hirsutism.

Author: De LeoV, FulghesuA M, la MarcaA, MorganteG, PasquiL, TalluriB, TorricelliM, CarusoA

Reduced androgen levels
Reduced hirsutism

This study compared three treatments for hirsutism (excessive hair growth) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): 1) gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist alone, 2) GnRH agonist plus birth control pills, and 3) GnRH agonist plus flutamide. All three treatments were effective in reducing hair growth. After 6 months, the average hair growth score decreased to 9, 10, and 11 for the three groups, respectively, and remained significantly lower even 6 months after stopping treatment. The combination treatments (GnRH agonist plus birth control or GnRH agonist plus flutamide) resulted in a greater reduction in hormone levels than GnRH agonist alone. The study suggests that these treatments hold promise for future treatment options that target the underlying causes of hirsutism in PCOS.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

12.

Effects of metformin on ovulation rate, hormonal and metabolic profiles in women with clomiphene-resistant polycystic ovaries: a randomized, double-blinded placebo-controlled trial.

Author: NgE H, WatN M, HoP C

Induce ovulation

Metformin treatment did not improve ovulation rates in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovaries, despite significant reductions in body mass index, serum testosterone, and fasting leptin concentrations.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

13.

Laparoscopic "drilling" by diathermy or laser for ovulation induction in anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: FarquharC, VandekerckhoveP, LilfordR

Ovulation induction
Reduced OHSS risk
Reduced multiple pregnancy risk
Expensive
Stressful
Time consuming

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can make it difficult for women to ovulate. While surgery used to be the main treatment, it is now replaced by medication like clomiphene and gonadotropins. However, gonadotropin treatment can cause complications like ovarian hyperstimulation and multiple pregnancies. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling, a new surgical procedure, may reduce the need for gonadotropins, resulting in fewer complications and a higher rate of spontaneous ovulation and pregnancy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

14.

Metformin does not enhance ovulation induction in clomiphene resistant polycystic ovary syndrome in clinical practice.

Author: SturrockN D C, LannonB, FayT N

Improves ovulation
Restores spontaneous menses

Metformin did not demonstrate a clear benefit in clomiphene resistant infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

15.

[Ultrasonographic and lipid changes in polycystic ovary syndrome according to the type of treatment ].

Author: Carranza-LiraSebastián, Magaña-PadillaNorma Regina

Reduced cholesterol

Combined hormonal therapy, ethinylestradiol and desogestrel, decreased follicular size in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), while chlormadinone did not.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Spanish

16.

[The use of oral antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome].

Author: TauchertS, SchröderA K, OrtmannO, DiedrichK, WeissJ M

Cardioprotective effects
Improved PCOS symptoms
Increased ovulation and pregnancy rates

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that can lead to long-term health problems like type 2 diabetes. Women with PCOS have a higher risk of heart disease due to diabetes, obesity, and abnormal cholesterol levels. Insulin resistance plays a key role in PCOS, making medications that improve insulin sensitivity, like oral antidiabetic drugs, a promising treatment. Studies show that these medications can improve PCOS symptoms like excess male hormones and irregular periods, and can increase ovulation and pregnancy rates. They may also help protect against heart disease and reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

17.

Nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome respond better than obese women to treatment with metformin.

Author: MacielGustavo Arantes Rosa, Soares JúniorJosé Maria, Alves da MottaEduardo Leme, Abi HaidarMauro, de LimaGeraldo Rodrigues, BaracatEdmund C

Reduced insulin levels
Reduced testosterone levels
No significant risk

This study evaluated the clinical and metabolic effects of metformin therapy in obese and nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that metformin was more effective in improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing androgen levels in nonobese patients compared to obese patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

18.

Metformin treatment before IVF/ICSI in women with polycystic ovary syndrome; a prospective, randomized, double blind study.

Author: KjøtrødS B, von DüringV, CarlsenS M

Improved pregnancy rates

Metformin pretreatment prior to IVF stimulation did not improve the overall clinical outcome in women with PCOS. However, in normal weight women with PCOS, metformin pre-treatment tends to improve pregnancy rates.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Laparoscopic electrocautery of the ovaries versus recombinant FSH in clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome. Impact on women's health-related quality of life.

Author: van WelyM, BayramN, BossuytP M M, van der VeenF

Effective treatment of PCOS

Gonadotropin stimulation is the typical treatment for women with PCOS who don’t respond to clomiphene. Laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery is an alternative treatment that leads to similar pregnancy rates. When deciding on a treatment, it’s important to consider the impact on the woman’s quality of life.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

20.

Predictors for treatment failure after laparoscopic electrocautery of the ovaries in women with clomiphene citrate resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: van WelyMadelon, BayramNeriman, van der VeenFulco, BossuytPatrick M M

PCOS treatment

Laparoscopic electrocautery is a procedure sometimes used to treat women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who don't respond to medication. It would be helpful to identify women who are less likely to benefit from this procedure so that they can be offered other treatment options.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

21.

Metformin reduces serum mullerian-inhibiting substance levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome after protracted treatment.

Author: FlemingRichard, HarborneLyndal, MacLaughlinDavid T, LingDaniel, NormanJane, SattarNaveed, SeiferDavid B

Androgen suppression
Menstrual improvement
Delayed response

Metformin treatment rapidly reduced androstenedione and improved menstrual frequency in obese women with PCOS, but suppression of Mullerian-inhibiting substance (MIS) required prolonged treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

22.

Ethinylestradiol/cyproterone acetate in polycystic ovary syndrome: lipid and carbohydrate changes.

Author: VillasecaP, HormazaP, CárdenasI, OestreicherE, ArteagaE

Improve hyperandrogenism
Improve lipid profile
Increase triglycerides

Ethinylestradiol (EE) combined with cyproterone acetate (CPA) significantly decreases the free androgen index, increases sex hormone binding globulin, and improves lipid profile in women with PCOS, but does not significantly affect carbohydrate metabolism.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

23.

Prospective parallel randomized, double-blind, double-dummy controlled clinical trial comparing clomiphene citrate and metformin as the first-line treatment for ovulation induction in nonobese anovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: PalombaStefano, OrioFrancesco, FalboAngela, MangusoFrancesco, RussoTiziana, CascellaTeresa, TolinoAchille, CarminaEnrico, ColaoAnnamaria, ZulloFulvio

Improved fertility
None reported

Metformin is significantly more effective than clomiphene citrate (CC) in improving fertility in anovulatory nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

24.

Treatment preferences and trade-offs for ovulation induction in clomiphene citrate-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: BayramNeriman, van WelyMadelon, van der VeenFulco, BossuytPatrick M M, NieuwkerkPythia

Patient preference
Trade-offs

Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome are well able to express an informed preference for laparoscopic electrocautery of the ovaries or ovulation induction with rFHS. Preferences are guided by features of the respective treatments but seem to be dominated by their effectiveness and safety.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

25.

The use of metformin for women with PCOS undergoing IVF treatment.

Author: TangThomas, GlanvilleJulie, OrsiNic, BarthJulian H, BalenAdam H

Improve pregnancy outcome
Reduce OHSS

Metformin does not improve the response to stimulation in women with PCOS undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles, but it does significantly improve the pregnancy outcome and reduces the risk of OHSS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

26.

Efficacy of a new oral contraceptive containing drospirenone and ethinyl estradiol in the long-term treatment of hirsutism.

Author: BatukanCem, MuderrisIptisam Ipek

Antiandrogenic activity
Improved hirsutism

Drospirenone/ethinyl estradiol combination is effective in improving facial hirsutism, with the most significant improvement occurring after six cycles. The combination exerts significant antiandrogenic activity by decreasing serum levels of total and free testosterone and androstenedione, while increasing SHBG levels.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

27.

Metformin versus oral contraceptive pill in polycystic ovary syndrome: a Cochrane review.

Author: CostelloMichael F, ShresthaBhushan, EdenJohn, JohnsonNeil P, SjoblomPeter

Improved menstrual pattern
Reduced testosterone

Metformin was more effective in reducing fasting insulin levels but less effective in improving menstrual patterns compared with the OCP.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

28.

Dietary intervention versus metformin to improve the reproductive outcome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. A prospective comparative study.

Author: QublanHussein S, YannakoulaEleni K, Al-QudahMohamad A, El-UriFahmi I

Menstrual cyclicity
Reproductive function

This study compared the effects of dietary intervention and metformin treatment on obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Both treatments improved menstrual cyclicity and reduced body mass index (BMI), luteinizing hormone levels, and androgen concentration. The clinical, biochemical, and reproductive outcomes were similar in both groups after treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

29.

Ovulatory response to treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with a polymorphism in the STK11 gene.

Author: LegroRichard S, BarnhartHuiman X, SchlaffWilliam D, CarrBruce R, DiamondMichael P, CarsonSandra A, SteinkampfMichael P, CoutifarisChristos, McGovernPeter G, CataldoNicholas A, GosmanGabriella G, NestlerJohn E, GiudiceLinda C, EwensKathryn G, SpielmanRichard S, LeppertPhyllis C, MyersEvan R,

Ovulation induction

This study found that a polymorphism in the STK11 gene is associated with ovulatory response to treatment with metformin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Women with the C allele of the polymorphism were less likely to ovulate than women with the G allele. Increased frequency of ovulation was also associated with lower body mass index, lower free androgen index, and a shorter duration of attempting conception.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

30.

Long versus short course treatment with Metformin and Clomiphene Citrate for ovulation induction in women with PCOS.

Author: SinawatS, BuppasiriP, LumbiganonP, PattanittumP

Improved PCOS treatment
Polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age. Besides infertility, women with PCOS often have other hormonal problems, including insulin resistance, high insulin levels, and high levels of male hormones. Metformin, when combined with clomiphene citrate, has been shown to be more effective in inducing ovulation than clomiphene alone. However, the ideal length of time to take metformin before starting clomiphene is unknown.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

31.

Possible metformin effect on adrenal androgens during pretreatment and IVF cycle in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: KjøtrødSigrun B, SundeArne, von DüringVidar, CarlsenSven M

DHEAS increase
Androgen level rebound
Infertility
Polycystic ovary syndrome

Metformin treatment increased DHEAS levels in infertile PCOS women.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

32.

Comparison of single and combined treatment with exenatide and metformin on menstrual cyclicity in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: Elkind-HirschKaren, MarrioneauxOry, BhushanMadhu, VernorDenise, BhushanRajat

Improved insulin sensitivity
Improved menstrual cyclicity
Increased ovulation rate
Reduced abdominal fat
Reduced weight

Combined exenatide and metformin therapy was superior to either drug alone in improving menstrual cyclicity, ovulation rate, free androgen index, and insulin sensitivity measures and reducing weight and abdominal fat in overweight, insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

33.

Effects of metformin and ethinyl estradiol-cyproterone acetate on clinical, endocrine and metabolic factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: WuJie, ZhuYiqing, JiangYunfei, CaoYaoping

Improved PCOS treatment
Polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting women of childbearing age. Birth control pills are often the first choice of treatment for PCOS when pregnancy is not desired. Metformin, which helps the body use insulin better, has been shown to improve metabolic problems associated with PCOS. This study compares the effects of combining birth control pills and metformin on clinical, hormonal, and metabolic factors in obese and non-obese women with PCOS.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

34.

Comparison of four different treatment regimens on coagulation parameters, hormonal and metabolic changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: KebapcilarLevent, TanerCuneyt Eftal, KebapcilarAyse Gul, AlacaciogluAhmet, SariIsmail

Improved hematologic variables
Improved hormonal features
Improved metabolic parameters
Reduced coagulation parameters
Reduced insulin levels
None reported

Treatment with ethinyl estradiol/cyproterone acetate (EE/CA) with metformin was more effective than other treatment protocols in reducing insulin resistance, improving hormonal, hematological, and metabolic variables in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

35.

An assessment of lifestyle modification versus medical treatment with clomiphene citrate, metformin, and clomiphene citrate-metformin in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: KarimzadehMohammad Ali, JavedaniMojgan

Improved lipid profile
Increased pregnancy rates

Lifestyle modification achieved a significant reduction in waist circumference, total androgen, and lipid profile in overweight infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

36.

Comparison of simvastatin and metformin in treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome: prospective randomized trial.

Author: BanaszewskaBeata, PawelczykLeszek, SpaczynskiRobert Z, DulebaAntoni J

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) involves ovary problems and high levels of male hormones, and it is linked to an increased risk of heart disease due to problems with cholesterol levels and blood vessel function. Metformin and, more recently, statins have been shown to improve hormone and metabolic issues related to PCOS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

37.

Metformin influence on hormone levels at birth, in PCOS mothers and their newborns.

Author: CarlsenS M, VankyE

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) tends to run in families, and exposure to high levels of male hormones in the womb may be a contributing factor. This study investigates the relationship between hormone levels in mothers and their children and the potential effects of metformin treatment during pregnancies in women with PCOS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

38.

Comparison of GnRH antagonist with long GnRH agonist protocol after OCP pretreatment in PCOs patients.

Author: TehraninejadEnsieh Shahrokh, NasiriRoya, RashidiBatool, HaghollahiFedieh, AtaieMarzieh

Reduced risk of OHSS
Similar cycle outcomes

This randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy of a GnRH antagonist protocol with a GnRH agonist protocol in 95 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs) undergoing their first in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle. Both protocols resulted in similar outcomes, but the antagonist protocol significantly reduced the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

39.

Intrauterine insemination versus timed intercourse with clomiphene citrate in polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Author: Abu HashimHatem, OmbarOsama, Abd ElaalIbrahim

Effective treatment
Less invasive

Clomiphene citrate with timed intercourse was as effective as intrauterine insemination for achieving pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, making it a less invasive and less expensive initial treatment option.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

40.

Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: MoranLisa J, HutchisonSamantha K, NormanRobert J, TeedeHelena J

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 4% to 18% of women of reproductive age and is linked to issues with fertility, metabolism, and mental health. Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, making weight management a key initial treatment approach. Lifestyle changes, including diet, exercise, and behavioral interventions, are recommended for achieving weight loss, maintenance, or prevention of further weight gain.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

41.

Metformin is a reasonable first-line treatment option for non-obese women with infertility related to anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome--a meta-analysis of randomised trials.

Author: JohnsonNeil

Effective for PCOS infertility

Metformin and clomiphene showed no significant difference in effectiveness as ovulation induction agents for non-obese women with anovulatory PCOS. Both are suitable options for first-line treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

42.

Do women with ovaries of polycystic morphology without any other features of PCOS benefit from short-term metformin co-treatment during IVF? A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial.

Author: SwantonAlexander, LightenAntony, GranneIngrid, McVeighEnda, LaveryStuart, TrewGeoff, TalmorAlon, Raine-FenningNick, JayaprakasanKannamannadiar, ChildTim

PCO treatment

Women with polycystic ovaries (PCO), even without other PCOS symptoms, respond similarly to women with PCOS to fertility treatments and share similar hormonal imbalances. Metformin has been shown to improve pregnancy rates and reduce risks of complications in women with PCOS undergoing IVF. This study investigates whether metformin can also improve live birth rates and reduce complications for women with PCO but no other PCOS symptoms, who are undergoing IVF.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

43.

Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: MoranLisa J, HutchisonSamantha K, NormanRobert J, TeedeHelena J

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 4% to 18% of women of reproductive age, causing problems with fertility, metabolism, and mental health. Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, so managing weight is a key initial step in treatment. Lifestyle changes that include diet, exercise, and behavioral interventions are recommended to achieve weight loss, maintenance, or prevention of further weight gain.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

44.

Minimal stimulation or clomiphene citrate as first-line therapy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial.

Author: Abu HashimHatem, BazeedMohamed, Abd ElaalIbrahim

PCOS pregnancy

This study found that ovulation induction with minimal stimulation is not more effective than CC alone for achieving pregnancy when used as initial treatment in PCOS patients.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

45.

Does metformin affect the ovarian response to gonadotropins for in vitro fertilization treatment in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and reduced ovarian reserve? A randomized controlled trial.

Author: PalombaStefano, FalboAngela, Di CelloAnnalisa, CappielloFulvio, TolinoAchille, ZulloFulvio

Metformin PCOS

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 88 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and reduced ovarian reserve undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), metformin worsened the ovarian response to gonadotropins. This suggests that metformin should be stopped before the start of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF programs in patients with PCOS and reduced ovarian reserve.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

46.

Metformin improves pregnancy and live-birth rates in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial.

Author: Morin-PapunenLaure, RantalaAnni S, Unkila-KallioLeila, TiitinenAila, HippeläinenMaritta, PerheentupaAntti, TinkanenHelena, BloiguRisto, PuukkaKatri, RuokonenAimo, TapanainenJuha S

Improved LBR
Improved PR

This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigated the effects of metformin on early miscarriage rate, pregnancy rates (PR), and live-birth rates (LBR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Metformin significantly improved PR and LBR compared to placebo in the whole study population, and PR in obese women. Obese women appeared to benefit from 3 months of metformin pretreatment before combining it with standard infertility treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

47.

Aromatase inhibitors for PCOS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: MissoMarie L, WongJennifer L A, TeedeHelena J, HartRoger, RombautsLuk, MelderAngela M, NormanRobert J, CostelloMichael F

Improved ovulation rate

This review of 13 randomized controlled trials assessed the effectiveness of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in treating anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) related infertility. While letrozole was found to improve ovulation rates compared to clomiphene citrate, there was no significant difference in pregnancy, live birth, multiple pregnancy, or miscarriage rates. More research is needed to determine the effectiveness of AIs as a first-line treatment for infertility in women with PCOS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

48.

Altering hirsutism through ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: RothLauren W, HuangHao, LegroRichard S, DiamondMichael P, CoutifarisChristos, CarsonSandra A, SteinkampfMichael P, CarrBruce R, McGovernPeter G, CataldoNicholas A, GosmanGabriella G, NestlerJohn E, MyersEvan R, ZhangHeping, SchlaffWilliam D,

Treatment of PCOS

This study examines whether women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who ovulate after treatment with clomiphene citrate, metformin, or a combination of both medications experience greater improvement in excessive hair growth (hirsutism) compared to those who don't ovulate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

49.

The laparoscopic ovarian electrocautery versus gonadotropin therapy in infertile women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome; a randomized controlled trial.

Author: MehrabianFerdous, EessaeiFatemeh

Infertility treatment
Low complication rate
Pregnancy rates
Ectopic pregnancy
Miscarriage
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Laparoscopic ovarian electrocauterization is an effective and safe treatment for infertility in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In a study of 104 patients, pregnancy rates were similar for both electrocauterization and gonadotropin treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

50.

The effectiveness of metformin ovulation induction treatment in patients with PCOS: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: XiaoJinsong, ChenShuangyun, ZhangChunlian, ChangShang

Ovulation induction
Pregnancy rate

Metformin was found to be effective in ovulation induction treatment for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), promoting ovulation and pregnancy rates. Combination therapy with metformin and clomiphene citrate was more effective than single drug use.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

51.

Long versus short course treatment with metformin and clomiphene citrate for ovulation induction in women with PCOS.

Author: SinawatSupat, BuppasiriPranom, LumbiganonPisake, PattanittumPorjai

Effective ovulation induction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormone imbalance in women of reproductive age. Besides difficulty getting pregnant, women with PCOS often have other hormone-related problems. Metformin, a medication commonly used for diabetes, has shown to be more effective in helping women with PCOS ovulate when combined with clomiphene citrate. However, the best length of time to take metformin before starting clomiphene citrate is still unknown.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

52.

Effectiveness of GnRH antagonist in the treatment of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing IVF: a systematic review and meta analysis.

Author: XiaoJinsong, ChenShuangyun, ZhangChunlian, ChangShang

GnRH antagonist efficacy
IVF treatment
OHSS risk

GnRH antagonist protocol was found to significantly reduce the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) compared to the GnRH agonist protocol, without significantly affecting clinical pregnancy rates.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

53.

Metformin treatment in different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: HosseiniMarzieh Agha, AlleyassinAshraf, SarviFatemeh, SafdarianLeila, KokabAbas, FanisalekMehran

Ovulation rate improvement
Pregnancy rate improvement

Metformin therapy did not significantly change the ovulation and pregnancy rate in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

54.

Improved efficacy of low-dose spironolactone and metformin combination than either drug alone in the management of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): a six-month, open-label randomized study.

Author: GanieMohd Ashraf, KhuranaMadan Lal, NisarSobia, ShahParvaiz Ahmed, ShahZaffar Amin, KulshresthaBindu, GuptaNandita, ZargarMohd Afzal, WaniTariq Ahmed, MudasirSyed, MirFarooq Ahmed, TaingShahnaz

Improved insulin sensitivity
Improved menstrual cycles
Reduced androgen levels

Combining low-dose spironolactone with metformin was more effective than either drug alone in improving menstrual cycles, Ferriman-Gallwey score, serum total T, and glucose and insulin sensitivity indices in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. The combination group also had better compliance and a similar adverse event rate.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

55.

Adverse effects of the common treatments for polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: DomecqJuan Pablo, PrutskyGabriela, MullanRebecca J, SundareshVishnu, WangAmy T, ErwinPatricia J, WeltCorrine, EhrmannDavid, MontoriVictor M, MuradMohammad Hassan

Lactic acidosis
Liver toxicity
Venous thromboembolism

A review of 22 studies found that oral contraceptive pills, metformin, and anti-androgens appear to be associated with a very low risk of severe adverse effects in women with PCOS. However, data were extrapolated from other populations and further research is needed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

56.

The M-OVIN study: does switching treatment to FSH and / or IUI lead to higher pregnancy rates in a subset of women with world health organization type II anovulation not conceiving after six ovulatory cycles with clomiphene citrate - a randomised controlled trial.

Author: NahuisMarleen J, WeissNienke S, van der VeenFulco, MolBen Willem J, HompesPeter G, OosterhuisJur, LambalkNils B, SmeenkJesper M J, KoksCarolien A M, van GoldeRon J T, LavenJoop S E, CohlenBen J, FleischerKathrin, GoverdeAngelique J, GerardsMarie H, KlijnNicole F, NekruiLizka C M, van RooijIlse A J, HoozemansDiederik A, van WelyMadelon

Anovulation treatment

Clomiphene citrate (CC) is the initial treatment for women who don't ovulate regularly and have polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). While many women will ovulate with CC, only half become pregnant after six cycles. If pregnancy doesn't occur, treatment might switch to other options. There's no clear guidance on how many cycles of CC treatment are appropriate before switching to other options.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

57.

Aromatase inhibitors for subfertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: FranikSebastian, KremerJan A M, NelenWillianne L D M, FarquharCindy

Ovulation induction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that can cause irregular periods and difficulty getting pregnant. While a medication called clomiphene citrate (CC) is often used to help women with PCOS ovulate, a newer type of medication, aromatase inhibitors (AIs), has been investigated. Studies have found mixed results on whether the AI letrozole is as effective as CC.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

58.

Letrozole versus clomiphene for infertility in the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: LegroRichard S, BrzyskiRobert G, DiamondMichael P, CoutifarisChristos, SchlaffWilliam D, CassonPeter, ChristmanGregory M, HuangHao, YanQingshang, AlveroRuben, HaisenlederDaniel J, BarnhartKurt T, BatesG Wright, UsadiRebecca, LucidiScott, BakerValerie, TrussellJ C, KrawetzStephen A, SnyderPeter, OhlDana, SantoroNanette, EisenbergEsther, ZhangHeping,

Higher live birth rate
Higher ovulation rate
Congenital anomalies
Dizziness
Fatigue
Hot flushes

Letrozole was associated with higher live-birth and ovulation rates than clomiphene in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

59.

Hormonal contraceptive choice for women with PCOS: a systematic review of randomized trials and observational studies.

Author: MendozaNicolas, SimonciniTommaso, GenazzaniAlessandro D

Contraception
PCOS symptom relief

This review of 19 randomized clinical trials and 8 observational studies evaluating the effects of combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) found that CHC represent an effective and safe treatment for all PCOS phenotypes. In patients with metabolic risk, a vaginal contraceptive ring may be preferred to oral EE/DRP.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

60.

Therapeutic effects of metformin and laparoscopic ovarian drilling in treatment of clomiphene and insulin-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: WangXiao-Hong, WangJun-Qing, XuYan, HuangLi-Ping

Ovulation improvement
Pregnancy improvement

This study compared the therapeutic effects of metformin and laparoscopic ovarian drilling in clomiphene and insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. The study found that laparoscopic ovarian drilling was more effective in improving rates of normal menstruation, ovulation, and pregnancy than metformin.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Retracted PublicationCases where a publication has been formally withdrawn due to the discovery of serious errors or misconduct.

Language : English

61.

Myo-inositol vs. D-chiro inositol in PCOS treatment.

Author: FormusoC, StracquadanioM, CiottaL

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal imbalance in women of childbearing age. While various treatments have been tried, including diet, birth control pills, and medications to block testosterone, a new approach using inositol has shown promise for managing PCOS.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

62.

Gonadotrophins for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Author: WeissNienke S, NahuisMarleen, BayramNeriman, MolBen Willem J, Van der VeenFulco, van WelyMadelon

Live birth
Ovulation induction
OHSS

There was no evidence of a difference in live birth and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome rates between urinary-derived gonadotropins and recombinant FSH or HMG/HP-HMG in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and clomiphene citrate resistance or failure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

63.

Neurokinin B Receptor Antagonism in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Author: GeorgeJyothis T, KakkarRahul, MarshallJayne, ScottMartin L, FinkelmanRichard D, HoTony W, VeldhuisJohannes, SkorupskaiteKarolina, AndersonRichard A, McIntoshStuart, WebberLorraine

Reduced LH pulse frequency
Reduced serum LH and T

This double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial found that the NK3 receptor antagonist AZD4901 specifically reduced LH pulse frequency and subsequently serum LH and T concentrations in women with PCOS. This suggests that NK3 receptor antagonism may be a potential approach to treating the central neuroendocrine pathophysiology of PCOS.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

64.

A short course of metformin does not reduce OHSS in a GnRH antagonist cycle for women with PCOS undergoing IVF: a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

Author: JacobS L, BrewerC, TangT, PictonH M, BarthJ H, BalenA H

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Pregnancy outcomes

This randomized controlled trial involving 153 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing a GnRH antagonist assisted conception treatment cycle found that metformin did not reduce the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). However, it did significantly lower clinical pregnancy rates and live birth rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

65.

Metformin vs myoinositol: which is better in obese polycystic ovary syndrome patients? A randomized controlled crossover study.

Author: TagliaferriValeria, RomualdiDaniela, ImmediataValentina, De CiccoSimona, Di FlorioChristian, LanzoneAntonio, GuidoMaurizio

Insulin sensitivity
PCOS treatment

Both metformin and myoinositol (MYO) effectively improved the glyco-insulinaemic features of obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but only metformin had a positive impact on the endocrine and clinical features of the syndrome.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

66.

Metformin during ovulation induction with gonadotrophins followed by timed intercourse or intrauterine insemination for subfertility associated with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: BordewijkEsmée M, NahuisMarleen, CostelloMichael F, Van der VeenFulco, TsoLeopoldo O, MolBen Willem J, van WelyMadelon

PCOS treatment

Clomiphene citrate (CC) is the usual first treatment for women with ovulation problems due to PCOS. If CC doesn't work, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is used. Metformin, a medication for diabetes, may improve the effectiveness of FSH and make treatment safer by reducing the risk of multiple pregnancies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

67.

Effectiveness of co-treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and letrozole for polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis.

Author: MaQian-Wen, TanYong

Improved ovulation rate
Improved pregnancy rate
Improved symptom treatment

This meta-analysis found that co-treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and letrozole was more effective than letrozole monotherapy in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

68.

Use of cyproterone acetate/ethinylestradiol in polycystic ovary syndrome: rationale and practical aspects.

Author: RuanX, KubbaA, AguilarA, MueckA O

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that affects women's hormones and can lead to acne, irregular periods, difficulty getting pregnant, and an increased risk of other health problems. Cyproterone acetate (CPA) combined with ethinylestradiol (EE) is used to treat severe acne and excess hair growth (hirsutism) in women of reproductive age.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

69.

Normalizing Ovulation Rate by Preferential Reduction of Hepato-Visceral Fat in Adolescent Girls With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Author: IbáñezLourdes, Del RíoLuis, DíazMarta, SebastianiGiorgia, PozoÓscar J, López-BermejoAbel, de ZegherFrancis

PCOS treatment

PCOS is a common condition affecting teenage girls, often causing excess hair growth, irregular periods, and difficulty getting pregnant. This study compared a treatment that focuses on reducing fat in the liver and abdomen to the typical treatment of birth control pills, to see if the first approach leads to more ovulation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

70.

Combined Oral Contraception and Bicalutamide in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Severe Hirsutism: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: MorettiCostanzo, GuccioneLaura, Di GiacintoPaola, SimonelliIlaria, ExacoustosCaterina, ToscanoVincenzo, MottaCecilia, De LeoVincenzo, PetragliaFelice, LenziAndrea

Hirsutism Treatment

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the efficacy of oral contraceptive pill (OCP) plus bicalutamide (BC) versus OCP plus placebo in treating severe hirsutism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The association of OCP + BC is well tolerated and significantly more effective than OCP alone in treating severe hirsutism.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

71.

Effects of combined oral contraceptives on the clinical and biochemical parameters of hyperandrogenism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: AmiriMina, KabirAli, NahidiFatemeh, ShekoftehMaryam, Ramezani TehraniFahimeh

HA parameter improvement
Hirsutism improvement

Combined oral contraceptives effectively improve hyperandrogenism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, reducing testosterone levels and improving hirsutism. Products containing cyproterone acetate may be particularly effective for hirsutism.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

72.

Aromatase inhibitors (letrozole) for subfertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: FranikSebastian, EltropStephanie M, KremerJan Am, KieselLudwig, FarquharCindy

AIs
PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that can cause irregular periods and difficulty getting pregnant. Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are a type of medication that were introduced for ovulation induction in 2001. Research on letrozole, an AI, has yielded mixed results compared to the standard treatment, clomiphene citrate (CC), in terms of effectiveness for ovulation induction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

73.

Gonadotrophins for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: WeissNienke S, KostovaElena, NahuisMarleen, MolBen Willem J, van der VeenFulco, van WelyMadelon

gonadotrophins in PCOS
OHSS risk
limited evidence

There may be little or no difference in live birth rates between urinary-derived gonadotrophins and recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Gonadotrophins resulted in more live births than continued clomiphene citrate in women with clomiphene citrate failure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

74.

Lifestyle changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: LimSiew S, HutchisonSamantha K, Van RyswykEmer, NormanRobert J, TeedeHelena J, MoranLisa J

PCOS treatment
Weight management

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 8-13% of women of childbearing age and can cause problems with reproductive health and metabolism. Obesity makes PCOS worse, so weight management is a primary treatment recommendation. Lifestyle changes like diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy are the best way to manage weight.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

75.

Effect of chlormadinone acetate versus drospirenone-containing oral contraceptives on the endocrinal features of women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Author: MenshawyAmr, IsmailAmmar, Abdel-MaboudMohamed, El-DinAlaa Alaa, ElgebalyAhmed, GadelkarimMohamed, BahbahEshak I, AbdelghanyMohamed F, SamyAhmed, AbbasAhmed M

Hormonal treatment
PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. Birth control pills containing estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) and a progestin (drospirenone or chlormadinone acetate) have been shown to improve symptoms and markers of PCOS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

76.

Effect of pretreatment with combined oral contraceptives on outcomes of assisted reproductive technology for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis.

Author: SongSoo Youn, YangJung Bo, SongMin Soon, OhHye Young, LeeGeon Woo, LeeMina, KoYoung Bok, LeeKi Hwan, ChangHa Kyun, KwakSang Mi, YooHeon Jong

Adverse pregnancy outcomes

Pretreatment with combined oral contraceptives (COC) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) undergoing assisted reproductive technology may have an adverse effect on clinical outcomes, especially when using a GnRH antagonist protocol.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

78.

Laparoscopic ovarian drilling for ovulation induction in women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: BordewijkEsmée M, NgKa Ying Bonnie, RakicLidija, MolBen Willem J, BrownJulie, CrawfordTineke J, van WelyMadelon

PCOS treatment
Cycle cancellation
Multiple pregnancies
Surgical complications

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 8-13% of women of childbearing age and can make it difficult to get pregnant. While newer guidelines recommend a medication called letrozole as the first treatment, it's not officially approved for this condition, so a medication called clomiphene citrate (CC) is still commonly used. About 20% of women don't ovulate while taking CC. For those who don't respond, other medications or surgery (laparoscopic ovarian drilling, LOD) can be used, but these have risks and can be challenging.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

79.

Effects of Oral Contraception and Lifestyle Modification on Incretins and TGF-ß Superfamily Hormones in PCOS.

Author: ShahAesha, DodsonWilliam C, Kris-EthertonPenny M, KunselmanAllen R, StetterChristy M, GnatukCarol L, EstesStephanie J, AllisonKelly C, SarwerDavid B, SlussPatrick M, CoutifarisChristos, DokrasAnuja, LegroRichard S

Improved insulin sensitivity
Reduced glucose
Hormonal suppression
No live birth correlation

Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) significantly suppressed levels of activin A, inhibin A, and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) while increasing follistatin (FST) levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). OCPs also decreased levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-2, glucagon, and GLP-2. Lifestyle modifications did not significantly affect hormone levels.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

80.

Metabolic syndrome in obesity: treatment success and adverse pregnancy outcomes with ovulation induction in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: AryaSushila, HansenKarl R, PeckJennifer D, WildRobert A,

Polycystic ovary syndrome treatment

Many women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are overweight or obese, and both PCOS and obesity can make it harder to get pregnant. This study will look at how metabolic syndrome (a cluster of health problems related to weight) affects how well fertility treatment works and pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS who are trying to get pregnant using medications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

81.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Neurokinin 3 Receptor Antagonist Fezolinetant for Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Author: FraserGraeme L, Obermayer-PietschBarbara, LavenJoop, GriesingerGeorg, PintiauxAxelle, TimmermanDirk, FauserBart C J M, LademacherChristopher, CombalbertJean, HoveydaHamid R, RamaelSteven

Hyperandrogenism suppression
LH-to-FSH ratio reduction
PCOS treatment

Fezolinetant, a neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor antagonist, suppressed hyperandrogenism and reduced the LH-to-FSH ratio in women with PCOS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

82.

Treatment of lean PCOS teenagers: a follow-up comparison between Myo-Inositol and oral contraceptives.

Author: PkhaladzeL, RussoM, UnferV, NordioM, BascianiS, KhomasuridzeA

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormone disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It causes problems with periods, hormone levels, and can lead to conditions like diabetes. While PCOS affects both adults and teenagers, there's no clear agreement on how to diagnose it in teens. This study will look at different treatments for teenage girls with PCOS who don't have serious metabolic problems to see which approach is best for them.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

83.

Does metformin improve reproduction outcomes for non-obese, infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome? Meta-analysis and systematic review.

Author: MagzoubReem, KheirelseidElrasheid A H, PerksClaire, LewisSarah

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects many women of childbearing age and makes it harder to get pregnant. Initial treatment often involves healthy lifestyle changes, taking folic acid, and avoiding smoking and alcohol. Medications and surgery are also used to improve fertility. Metformin, a medication used to control blood sugar, is becoming a popular treatment for PCOS.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

84.

Polycystic ovaries and herbal remedies: A systematic review.

Author: ManouchehriAliasghar, AbbaszadehSaber, AhmadiMahdeyeh, NejadFateme Khajoei, BahmaniMahmoud, DastyarNeda

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects millions of women, causing irregular periods, acne, excess hair growth, and can lead to long-term health problems. This review examines research on using natural remedies to treat PCOS.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

85.

Aromatase inhibitors (letrozole) for ovulation induction in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Author: FranikSebastian, LeQuang-Khoi, KremerJan Am, KieselLudwig, FarquharCindy

PCOS treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormone disorder that can cause irregular periods and difficulty getting pregnant. A medication called letrozole, which blocks estrogen production, is a newer treatment for ovulation induction. While studies have been done to compare it to a common medication called clomiphene citrate, the research results are mixed, with some suggesting they are equally effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

86.

Influence of metformin on hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Author: FontesAdriana F S, ReisFernando M, CândidoAna Lúcia, GomesKarina B, TosattiJéssica A G

Hyperandrogenism reduction
Metformin
PCOS

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of metformin treatment on hyperandrogenism markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The study found that metformin significantly reduced total testosterone levels and free androgen index (FAI) values. The study concluded that metformin is effective in reducing hyperandrogenism markers in patients with PCOS.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

87.

Probiotic vs. placebo and metformin: probiotic dietary intervention in polycystic ovary syndrome - A randomized controlled trial.

Author: BorzanValentin, RiedlRegina, Obermayer-PietschBarbara

Improved PCOS symptoms

This randomized clinical trial is investigating the effects of probiotic intervention compared to placebo and metformin in women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). The study aims to assess changes in free testosterone levels, hormonal and metabolic parameters, and gut microbial composition and diversity.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

88.

Comparison of different drug for reducing testosterone levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Author: HaoSong-Li, ZhangChun-Lan, MengXiao-Yu

PCOS treatment
Testosterone reduction

A network meta-analysis of 13 studies showed that atorvastatin was the most effective drug for treating PCOS, with a SUCRA of 77.7%. Atorvastatin was more effective than placebo in reducing total testosterone levels (WMD -3.1, 95% CrI: -3.7 to -2.5) and free testosterone levels (SUCRA 75.0%). No significant differences were found between atorvastatin and placebo groups for withdrawal due to adverse events. However, the optimal dose of atorvastatin is unknown and should be further investigated.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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