Effects of topotecan injection: A Synthesis of Findings from 38 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Tranexamic acid is a medicine that can help stop bleeding. It does this by preventing the breakdown of blood clots. Several studies have looked at the effects of tranexamic acid in different situations. 3 compared tranexamic acid to aprotinin, another drug that helps stop bleeding, in people having heart valve surgery. This study found that tranexamic acid was as effective as aprotinin in reducing bleeding after surgery. 33 looked at the use of tranexamic acid in people with traumatic brain injuries. This study found that tranexamic acid could safely reduce the risk of death from bleeding outside the brain. 5 compared the effects of tranexamic acid, aprotinin, and epsilon-aminocaproic acid in people having heart surgery. 30 examined the effects of tranexamic acid on the immune system in people with severe bleeding from injuries. 38 analyzed the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid in various urological surgeries. 1 investigated the absorption of tranexamic acid through the vagina when it was applied in tampons. 24 looked at different dosages and ways of giving tranexamic acid to people having heart surgery. 37 explored how giving tranexamic acid at different times after a traumatic brain injury might affect recovery. 9 studied the effects of tranexamic acid on death, blood clots, and blood transfusions in people with severe bleeding from injuries. 28 evaluated the effects of tranexamic acid on bleeding during a type of facial surgery called rhytidectomy. 6 studied the effects of giving tranexamic acid during and after heart surgery. 32 analyzed the levels of tranexamic acid in the blood of people having open heart surgery. 19 analyzed the use of tranexamic acid in people having hip replacement surgery. 29 studied the effects of giving tranexamic acid over 24 hours to people with bleeding in their digestive system. 36 looked at the use of tranexamic acid during knee replacement surgery with a tourniquet. 15 reviewed the practical issues of using tranexamic acid during knee replacement surgery. 12 reviewed the use of tranexamic acid in people with bleeding in their upper digestive system. 10 studied the importance of giving tranexamic acid early after a bleeding injury. 16 explored the use of tranexamic acid applied directly to bleeding areas. 34 studied the use of tranexamic acid during and after a procedure called percutaneous nephrolithotomy. 11 investigated the effects of tranexamic acid on death, blood clots, and blood transfusions in people with severe bleeding from injuries. 20 looked at the use of tranexamic acid in people having coronary artery surgery. 35 analyzed the risks of blood clots and seizures related to tranexamic acid. 27 reviewed the use of tranexamic acid during hip fracture surgery. 2 studied the use of tranexamic acid in people with hemophilia after dental surgery. 25 looked at the effects of tranexamic acid applied locally in people with bleeding in their upper digestive system. 22 evaluated the effectiveness and safety of tranexamic acid applied to the skin after knee replacement surgery. 21 compared the effects of tranexamic acid and another medicine called epsilon-aminocaproic acid in people having knee replacement surgery. 14 analyzed the levels of tranexamic acid in the blood of children having surgery for a condition called craniosynostosis. 13 studied the use of tranexamic acid applied to the skin for a skin condition called melasma. 7 examined the levels of tranexamic acid in the blood during heart surgery using a machine called a heart-lung bypass. 26 compared the effects of tranexamic acid applied to the skin and tranexamic acid given intravenously in people having knee replacement surgery. 8 proposed a new way to give tranexamic acid to people having heart surgery. 4 studied the use of tranexamic acid to prevent the breakdown of blood clots during heart surgery. 18 studied the best way to give tranexamic acid to people having hip replacement surgery. 17 reviewed the use of tranexamic acid applied to the skin after hip and knee replacement surgery. 23 looked at giving multiple doses of tranexamic acid intravenously in people having hip replacement surgery. 31 studied the effects of giving tranexamic acid to people with traumatic brain injury on blood clotting tests.

Benefits and Risks

Benefits Summary

Tranexamic acid has been shown to be effective in reducing bleeding in various situations, including heart valve surgery, traumatic brain injuries, and heart surgery. 3 , 33 , 5 It can reduce the amount of blood lost during surgery and reduce the need for blood transfusions. 3 , 19 , 17 , 23 It can also reduce the risk of death from bleeding in people with severe bleeding from injuries. 9 , 11 Applying tranexamic acid to the skin might be more effective than giving it intravenously, as it leads to less absorption into the body and might decrease the risk of side effects such as blood clots. 17 , 22

Risks Summary

Tranexamic acid can cause side effects such as seizures, blood clots, and kidney problems. 3 , 19 , 35 The risks associated with tranexamic acid might vary depending on the dosage, how it is given, and the individual patient. 24

Comparison Between Studies

Similarities

Many studies show that tranexamic acid can help control bleeding and reduce the need for blood transfusions. 3 , 5 , 19 , 17 , 23 , 27 Tranexamic acid has been used to prevent bleeding in various situations, including heart surgery, traumatic brain injuries, and dental surgery. 3 , 33 , 5 , 2 Tranexamic acid is generally considered a safe and effective medicine. 3 , 33 , 5 , 17

Differences

The best dosage, way of giving, and timing of tranexamic acid can vary depending on the study. 24 , 37 The risks associated with tranexamic acid can differ depending on the study. 35 Tranexamic acid has been studied in various clinical situations, and the patient groups and study designs may vary.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Many research findings indicate that tranexamic acid is an effective medicine for controlling bleeding in a wide range of clinical scenarios. However, conflicting results exist regarding the risks associated with its use, particularly concerning blood clots and seizures. 35 More research is needed to determine the optimal way to administer tranexamic acid.

Considerations for Real-Life Applications

Tranexamic acid is an effective medicine for controlling bleeding and is used in various clinical situations, including heart surgery, traumatic brain injuries, and dental surgery. 3 , 33 , 5 , 2 However, risks are associated with its use. 35 Tranexamic acid should be used under the guidance of a doctor, considering the benefits and risks.

Limitations of Current Research

Many studies on tranexamic acid have been conducted on a small scale. 35 Additionally, the patient groups and study designs can vary between studies, making it difficult to compare results. Long-term effects of tranexamic acid require further research.

Future Research Directions

Further research is necessary to establish the optimal dosage, way of giving, and timing of tranexamic acid. 24 More studies are needed to fully understand the risks associated with tranexamic acid use. Research on blood clots and seizures is especially important. 35

Conclusion

Many studies show that tranexamic acid is an effective medicine for controlling bleeding in various clinical situations. 3 , 33 , 5 , 19 , 17 , 23 However, more research is needed to fully understand the risks associated with its use. 35 Tranexamic acid should be used under the guidance of a doctor, considering the benefits and risks.

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Vaginal absorption of TA
1
Reduced blood loss
Reduced transfusion requirements
2
Effective treatment
Platelet protection
Safe treatment
3
Reduces blood loss
4
Effective bleeding control
Reduced transfusion cost
5
Cardiac surgery treatment
6
Reduced blood loss
Reduced blood transfusion
7
Desired plasma concentration
Reduced variability
8
Trauma mortality reduction
9
Reduced all-cause mortality
10
Reduced bleeding
Reduced mortality
11
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding treatment
12
Melasma treatment
13
Blood loss reduction
14
Blood saving
Safe
15
Bleeding reduction
16
Reduced blood loss
Reduced transfusion
17
Reduced blood loss
18
Reduced blood loss
Reduced transfusion
19
Lower risk of death or thrombotic complications
Reduced bleeding
20
Blood conservation
21
Reduced IV side effects
22
Improved fibrinolysis control
Reduced blood loss
Reduced inflammation
23
Blood loss reduction
24
None
25
Reduced transfusion rates
27
Improved satisfaction
Reduced bleeding
28
Reduced bleeding
Reduced bleeding death
29
TXA minimal immunomodulation
30
TBI treatment
31
Reduced serum concentration
32
Cost-effectiveness
Head injury death reduction
33
Bleeding control
Hospital stay reduction
34
Reduced bleeding
35
Improved surgical exposure
Optimized cement fixation
Reduced blood loss
36
TXA safe and tolerable
37
Reduced blood loss
Shorter operative time
Transfusion reduction
38
Risk Keywords
Low blood levels
1
Renal failure
3
Increased bleeding
Increased transfusion need
5
Thromboembolic events
12
Erythema
13
Thromboembolic events
16
Thromboembolic events
17
Adverse side effects
18
Deep venous thrombosis
19
Increased risk of postoperative seizures
20
Thromboembolic adverse events
21
Seizures
24
No additional benefit over standard care
Potential thromboembolic complications
25
Thrombotic complications
26
Potential complications
27
Alternative routes needed
Time to treatment
33
Increased risk of seizures
35
Increased risk of complications
No mortality benefit
37
Thromboembolic events
38
Literature analysis of 38 papers
Positive Content
34
Neutral Content
2
Negative Content
2
Article Type
28
9
8
6
38
1.

Vaginal absorption of low-dose tranexamic acid from impregnated tampons.

Author: MoodleyJ, CohenM, DevrajK, DuttonM

Vaginal absorption of TA
Low blood levels

Vaginal absorption of tranexamic acid (TA), an antifibrinolytic drug, was demonstrated in women with menorrhagia using TA-impregnated tampons. Low levels of TA were detected in the bloodstream, suggesting a potential alternative route of administration for the drug.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Tranexamic acid in control of haemorrhage after dental extraction in haemophilia and Christmas disease.

Author: ForbesC D, BarrR D, ReidG, ThomsonC, PrenticeC R, McNicolG P, DouglasA S

Reduced blood loss
Reduced transfusion requirements

Tranexamic acid significantly reduced blood loss and transfusion requirements after dental extraction in patients with haemophilia, with no side effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

[Fibrinolytic inhibitors and prevention of bleeding in cardiac valve surgery. Comparison of tranexamic acid and high dose aprotinin].

Author: BoughenouF, Madi-JebaraS, Massonnet-CastelS, BenmosbahL, CarpentierA, CousinM T

Effective treatment
Platelet protection
Safe treatment
Renal failure

This randomized study compared the effects of tranexamic acid and high-dose aprotinin on postoperative bleeding in cardiac surgery patients. Both treatments effectively controlled bleeding, with comparable outcomes and safety profiles. The study suggests that tranexamic acid can be a safe and effective alternative to high-dose aprotinin in cardiac surgery.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : French

4.

Antifibrinolytic therapy with tranexamic acid in cardiac operations.

Author: MatsuzakiK, MatsuiK, TanoueY, NaganoI, HaraguchiN, TatewakiH

Reduces blood loss

Tranexamic acid is a medication that can help prevent excessive bleeding after cardiac surgery. Continuous infusion of tranexamic acid with a bolus infusion at the beginning of cardiopulmonary bypass was found to be the most effective regimen in reducing postoperative blood loss.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Hemostatic effects of aprotinin, tranexamic acid and epsilon-aminocaproic acid in primary cardiac surgery.

Author: CasatiV, GuzzonD, OppizziM, CossoliniM, TorriG, CaloriG, AlfieriO

Effective bleeding control
Reduced transfusion cost
Increased bleeding
Increased transfusion need

Tranexamic acid (TA) was found to be as effective as aprotinin (AP) in reducing bleeding and transfusions after elective cardiac surgery, but with significantly lower costs.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

6.

Tranexamic acid administration after cardiac surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Author: CasatiV, BellottiF, GerliC, FrancoA, OppizziM, CossoliniM, CaloriG, BenussiS, AlfieriO, TorriG

Cardiac surgery treatment

This study compares the effectiveness of tranexamic acid administered during the intraoperative period only versus continued into the postoperative period during cardiac surgery.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

7.

Pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Author: DowdNoreen P, KarskiJacek M, ChengDavy C, CarrollJo A, LinYonggu, JamesRobert L, ButterworthJohn

Reduced blood loss
Reduced blood transfusion

This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid (TA) during heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The study aimed to develop more precise dosing strategies for TA in this setting.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

8.

A preliminary study of a new tranexamic acid dosing schedule for cardiac surgery.

Author: NuttallGregory A, GutierrezMaria Cristina, DeweyJonathan D, JohnsonMichael E, OyenLance J, HansonAndrew C, OliverWilliam C

Desired plasma concentration
Reduced variability

This study investigated an alternative dosing schedule for tranexamic acid, incorporating renal function. The new schedule achieved desired plasma concentrations and reduced variability in tranexamic acid levels compared to the current schedule.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

9.

Effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events, and blood transfusion in trauma patients with significant haemorrhage (CRASH-2): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: , ShakurHaleema, RobertsIan, BautistaRaúl, CaballeroJosé, CoatsTim, DewanYashbir, El-SayedHesham, GogichaishviliTamar, GuptaSanjay, HerreraJorge, HuntBeverley, IribhogbePius, IzurietaMario, KhamisHussein, KomolafeEdward, MarreroMaría-Acelia, Mejía-MantillaJorge, MirandaJaime, MoralesCarlos, OlaomiOluwole, OlldashiFatos, PerelPablo, PetoRichard, RamanaP V, RaviR R, YutthakasemsuntSurakrant

Trauma mortality reduction

This randomized controlled trial found that tranexamic acid safely reduced the risk of death in bleeding trauma patients. On the basis of these results, tranexamic acid should be considered for use in bleeding trauma patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

10.

The importance of early treatment with tranexamic acid in bleeding trauma patients: an exploratory analysis of the CRASH-2 randomised controlled trial.

Author: , RobertsIan, ShakurHaleema, AfolabiAdefemi, BrohiKarim, CoatsTim, DewanYashbir, GandoSatoshi, GuyattGordon, HuntB J, MoralesCarlos, PerelPablo, Prieto-MerinoDavid, WoolleyTom

Reduced all-cause mortality

Tranexamic acid is a drug that helps to stop bleeding. This study found that giving tranexamic acid to trauma patients with significant bleeding reduced the risk of death. Tranexamic acid is thought to work by inhibiting fibrinolysis, which is the breakdown of blood clots.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events, and blood transfusion in trauma patients with significant haemorrhage (CRASH-2) A randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: Williams-JohnsonJ A, McDonaldA H, StrachanG Gordon, WilliamsE W

Reduced bleeding
Reduced mortality

This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of early administration of tranexamic acid in trauma patients with or at risk of significant bleeding. Tranexamic acid was found to safely reduce the risk of death in bleeding trauma patients. The authors recommend considering tranexamic acid for use in these patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

Tranexamic acid for upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Author: GluudLise Lotte, KlingenbergSarah Louise, LangholzEbbe

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding treatment
Thromboembolic events

Tranexamic acid may reduce mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, but further research is needed to confirm its effectiveness. Additional trials are required to assess its use in combination with current interventions.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

13.

Topical 5% tranexamic acid for the treatment of melasma in Asians: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial.

Author: Kanechorn Na AyuthayaPinyapat, NiumphraditNucha, ManosroiAranya, NakakesArtit

Melasma treatment
Erythema

This double-blind, randomized, prospective study evaluated the efficacy of topical 5% tranexamic acid (TA) versus vehicle for the treatment of melasma. While 78.2% of patients showed a decrease in the melanin index after 12 weeks, the lightening of pigmentation induced by TA was not significantly different from its vehicle. However, topical TA was associated with a significant increase in erythema.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

Population pharmacokinetics of tranexamic acid in paediatric patients undergoing craniosynostosis surgery.

Author: GoobieSusan M, MeierPetra M, SethnaNavil F, SorianoSulpicio G, ZurakowskiDavid, SamantSnehal, PereiraLuis M

Blood loss reduction

Tranexamic acid (TXA) effectively reduces blood loss during craniofacial surgery in children. This study aims to characterize the pharmacokinetics of TXA in pediatric patients to guide dosing practices.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

15.

Practical issues for the use of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review.

Author: KimTae Kyun, ChangChong Bum, KohIn Jun

Blood saving
Safe

This systematic review examined the use of tranexamic acid (TNA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The review found that TNA can reduce blood loss, but there is no difference in effectiveness between systemic and topical administration. The effectiveness of TNA may vary depending on the dose and timing of administration. The review also found that TNA is safe at all reported doses, timings, and routes of administration with respect to deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

16.

Topical application of tranexamic acid for the reduction of bleeding.

Author: KerKatharine, BeecherDeirdre, RobertsIan

Bleeding reduction
Thromboembolic events

Topical application of tranexamic acid directly to bleeding surfaces during surgery offers a potential way to reduce bleeding with minimal systemic effects and associated risks.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

17.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of the topical administration of tranexamic acid in total hip and knee replacement.

Author: AlshrydaS, SukeikM, SardaP, BlenkinsoppJ, HaddadF S, MasonJ M

Reduced blood loss
Reduced transfusion
Thromboembolic events

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing blood loss and the need for transfusion after total knee and hip replacement. Topical TXA was found to significantly reduce the rate of blood transfusion compared to placebo, with no increase in thromboembolic events. The review suggests that topical TXA is an effective and safe method for reducing transfusion needs, potentially superior to intravenous administration.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

18.

What is the optimal approach for tranexamic acid application in patients with unilateral total hip arthroplasty?

Author: ZhangYing, ZhangLeilei, MaXianghao, JiaYudong, WangHuichao, ZhuYingjie, LiuYouwen

Reduced blood loss
Adverse side effects

Topical injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) is a potential alternative to intravenous administration for reducing blood loss during total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study compared the two methods in terms of blood loss, safety, and adverse side effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Meta-analysis of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Author: MoskalJoseph T, CappsSusan G

Reduced blood loss
Reduced transfusion
Deep venous thrombosis

Intravenous tranexamic acid is beneficial for reducing blood loss and allogeneic transfusion rates in patients undergoing primary total hip arthroplasty. Although no significant differences were found in most complications, the use of placebo resulted in favorable results for deep venous thrombosis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

20.

Tranexamic Acid in Patients Undergoing Coronary-Artery Surgery.

Author: MylesPaul S, SmithJulian A, ForbesAndrew, SilbertBrendan, JayarajahMohandas, PainterThomas, CooperD James, MarascoSilvana, McNeilJohn, BussièresJean S, McGuinnessShay, ByrneKelly, ChanMatthew T V, LandoniGiovanni, WallaceSophie,

Lower risk of death or thrombotic complications
Reduced bleeding
Increased risk of postoperative seizures

This trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design randomly assigned patients scheduled to undergo coronary-artery surgery to receive tranexamic acid or placebo. Among patients undergoing coronary-artery surgery, tranexamic acid was associated with a lower risk of bleeding than was placebo, without a higher risk of death or thrombotic complications within 30 days after surgery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Blood Conservation Using Tranexamic Acid Is Not Superior to Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid After Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Author: BoeseClifford Kent, CentenoLeslie, WaltersRyan W

Blood conservation
Thromboembolic adverse events

Epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) and tranexamic acid (TXA) are antifibrinolytic drugs used to reduce blood loss during surgery. This study aims to determine whether TXA provides superior blood conservation compared to EACA following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

22.

Efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid in knee arthroplasty.

Author: López-HualdaÁlvaro, Dauder-GallegoCristina, Ferreño-MárquezDavid, Martínez-MartínJavier

Reduced IV side effects

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in total knee arthroplasty.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

23.

Multiple-Dose Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Further Reduces Hidden Blood Loss After Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: LeiYiting, HuangQiang, HuangZeyu, XieJinwei, ChenGuo, PeiFuxing

Improved fibrinolysis control
Reduced blood loss
Reduced inflammation

A 5-dose intravenous tranexamic acid regimen was found to further diminish hidden blood loss, decrease maximum hemoglobin drop, provide additional fibrinolysis control, and ameliorate postoperative inflammatory response following total hip arthroplasty.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

24.

Different dose regimes and administration methods of tranexamic acid in cardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Author: GuoJingfei, GaoXurong, MaYan, LvHuran, HuWenjun, ZhangShijie, JiHongwen, WangGuyan, ShiJia

Blood loss reduction
Seizures

This meta-analysis investigates the optimal dosage and delivery method of tranexamic acid (TXA) for reducing perioperative blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion in cardiac surgeries.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

25.

A randomized controlled trial of the effects of local tranexamic acid on mortality, rebleeding, and recurrent endoscopy need in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Author: KaradaşAdnan, DoğanNurettin Özgür, PinarSeda Güney, YeşilOlcay, PekdemirMurat, YilmazSerkan, YakaElif

None
No additional benefit over standard care
Potential thromboembolic complications

Locally administered tranexamic acid (TXA) did not confer additional benefit over standard care in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

26.

Comparison of Topical and Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for Total Knee Replacement: A Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Study of Effects on Tranexamic Acid Levels and Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Marker Levels.

Author: Jules-ElyseeKethy M, TsengAudrey, SculcoThomas P, BaakliniLila R, McLawhornAlexander S, PickardAmanda J, QinWeiGe, CrossJustin R, SuEdwin P, FieldsKara G, MaymanDavid J

Thrombotic complications

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a medication that prevents blood clots. This study compares the effects of giving TXA intravenously (IV) or topically during knee replacement surgery. The researchers measured levels of blood clotting markers, inflammation, and TXA in both groups.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

27.

Tranexamic acid in hip fracture surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: Haj-YounesBashar, SivakumarBrahman S, WangMichael, AnVincent Vg, LorentzosPeter, AdieSam

Reduced transfusion rates
Potential complications

This systematic review of 10 studies found that tranexamic acid significantly reduced the proportion of patients requiring blood transfusions when undergoing hip fracture surgery. However, the small sample size and low event rates for adverse effects preclude any definitive conclusions from being established regarding adverse effects. Future trials should be powered to further assess potential complications.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

28.

Effects of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid During Rhytidectomy: A Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Pilot Study.

Author: CohenJustin C, GlasgoldRobert A, AllojuLes M, GlasgoldMark J

Improved satisfaction
Reduced bleeding

Tranexamic acid is a safe and effective addition to surgical protocols for deep-plane facelifts. It may lead to fewer surgical sequelae and improved satisfaction.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

29.

Effects of a high-dose 24-h infusion of tranexamic acid on death and thromboembolic events in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (HALT-IT): an international randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author:

Reduced bleeding
Reduced bleeding death

Tranexamic acid is a medication that reduces surgical bleeding. This review assesses the effects of tranexamic acid in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding, considering previous meta-analyses that suggested a potential decrease in mortality from gastrointestinal bleeding.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

30.

The Immunologic Effect of Early Intravenous Two and Four Gram Bolus Dosing of Tranexamic Acid Compared to Placebo in Patients With Severe Traumatic Bleeding (TAMPITI): A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Center Trial.

Author: SpinellaPhilip C, ThomasKimberly A, TurnbullIsaiah R, FuchsAnja, BochicchioKelly, SchuererDouglas, ReeseStacey, Coleoglou CentenoAdrian A, HornChristopher B, BatyJack, SheaSusan M, MeledeoM Adam, PusateriAnthony E, LevyJerrold H, CapAndrew P, BochicchioGrant V,

TXA minimal immunomodulation

A randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of tranexamic acid (TXA) in trauma patients with severe injury. 149 patients were randomized to receive either placebo or a 2 g or 4 g intravenous TXA bolus dose. The primary outcome was a reduction in monocyte activation, which was measured by human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR) expression on monocytes 72 h after TXA administration. The study found that 4 g intravenous bolus dosing of TXA had minimal immunomodulatory effects with respect to leukocyte phenotypes and circulating cytokine levels.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

31.

Tranexamic acid administration in the field does not affect admission thromboelastography after traumatic brain injury.

Author: DixonAlexandra L, McCullyBelinda H, RickElizabeth A, DeweyElizabeth, FarrellDavid H, MorrisonLaurie J, McMullanJason, RobinsonBryce R H, CallumJeannie, TibbsBrian, DriesDavid J, JuiJonathan, GandhiRajesh R, GarrettJohn S, WeisfeldtMyron L, WadeCharles E, AufderheideTom P, FrasconeRalph J, TallonJohn M, KannasDelores, WilliamsCarolyn, RowellSusan E, SchreiberMartin A

TBI treatment

This study aimed to explore the impact of tranexamic acid (TXA) on markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

32.

Analysis of serum tranexamic acid in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

Author: IvicaJosko, GauthierJeannette, PowerPatricia, LamyAndré, PotterMurray

Reduced serum concentration

A validated LC-MS/MS method was developed for measuring serum tranexamic acid, which is used to prevent blood loss during open cardiac surgery. The method will be used to measure serum concentrations in patients from the DEPOSITION Pilot trial, which is designed to evaluate the effectiveness of topical tranexamic acid administration in reducing serum concentrations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

33.

Tranexamic acid to reduce head injury death in people with traumatic brain injury: the CRASH-3 international RCT.

Author: RobertsIan, Shakur-StillHaleema, Aeron-ThomasAmy, BeaumontDanielle, BelliAntonio, BrennerAmy, CargillMadeleine, ChaudhriRizwana, DouglasNicolas, FrimleyLauren, GilliamCatherine, GeerAmber, JamalZahra, JoomaRashid, MansukhaniRaoul, MinersAlec, PottJason, ProwseDanielle, ShokunbiTemitayo, WilliamsJack

Cost-effectiveness
Head injury death reduction
Alternative routes needed
Time to treatment

Early tranexamic acid treatment reduces head injury deaths in patients with traumatic brain injury, and it is cost-effective for those with mild or moderate injury.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

34.

The Effects of Tranexamic Acid on Bleeding Control During and after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: MokhtariMohammad Reza, FarshidSaman, ModresiParisa, AbediFarzad

Bleeding control
Hospital stay reduction

Tranexamic acid reduced bleeding, blood transfusion needs, and hospitalization time in 108 patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

35.

Effect of tranexamic acid on thrombotic events and seizures in bleeding patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: MuraoShuhei, NakataHidekazu, RobertsIan, YamakawaKazuma

Reduced bleeding
Increased risk of seizures

Tranexamic acid did not appear to increase the risk of thrombotic events in bleeding patients. However, because there may be dose-dependent increase in the risk of seizures, very high doses should be avoided.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

36.

Impact of tourniquet during total knee arthroplasty when tranexamic acid was used: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: SunChangjiao, ZhangXiaofei, MaQi, TuYan, CaiXu, ZhouYonggang

Improved surgical exposure
Optimized cement fixation
Reduced blood loss

Tourniquet use during total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is thought to reduce blood loss and improve surgical exposure. Tranexamic acid (TXA) can also decrease blood loss and transfusion needs. This review aims to evaluate the combined effects of tourniquet use and TXA in TKA patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

37.

The effects of timing of prehospital tranexamic acid on outcomes after traumatic brain injury: Subanalysis of a randomized controlled trial.

Author: BritoAlexandra M P, SchreiberMartin A, El HaddiJames, MeierEric N, RowellSusan E

TXA safe and tolerable
Increased risk of complications
No mortality benefit

This study found that administering tranexamic acid (TXA) to patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) within 45 minutes of injury did not result in a significant reduction in mortality. However, early administration was associated with lower rates of deep venous thrombosis, cerebral vasospasm, prolonged EMS transport, and need for a prehospital airway.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

38.

Efficacy and safety of intravenous tranexamic acid in urologic surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: LinYu-Hui, LeeKuo-Chang, HsuChien-Chin, ChenKuo-Tai

Reduced blood loss
Shorter operative time
Transfusion reduction
Thromboembolic events

Intravenous Tranexamic acid (TXA) was found to reduce intraoperative blood loss, decrease the need for transfusion, and shorten operative time in patients undergoing urologic surgeries without increasing the risk of thromboembolic events.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

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