Effective treatment of tuberculosis: A Synthesis of Findings from 149 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major Research Findings

Many studies have been conducted on tuberculosis treatment methods. These studies investigate the efficacy and safety of various treatments. For example, 2 demonstrated the effectiveness of a 9-month treatment regimen combining rifampicin and isoniazid, supplemented with ethambutol for the first two months. Additionally, 146 shows that treatment regimens including bedaquiline and delamanid are effective in treating drug-resistant tuberculosis. Furthermore, 102 suggests the potential of a treatment regimen using high doses of rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and SQ109 to shorten the duration of tuberculosis treatment.

Treatment Summary

The study in 2 indicates that a 9-month treatment regimen combining rifampicin and isoniazid, supplemented with ethambutol for the first two months, is effective and has been accepted as standard tuberculosis treatment in Britain. Furthermore, 146 highlights the effectiveness of treatment regimens containing bedaquiline and delamanid in treating drug-resistant tuberculosis. This approach demonstrates higher efficacy compared to existing methods, potentially increasing culture conversion rates and lowering tuberculosis-related mortality. Additionally, 102 suggests that a treatment regimen combining rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and SQ109 could contribute to shorter tuberculosis treatment durations. This method may lead to quicker results than traditional treatments.

Benefits and Risks

Benefit Summary

Research on tuberculosis treatment methods has identified several benefits. For instance, 2 demonstrates the effectiveness of a 9-month treatment regimen combining rifampicin and isoniazid, supplemented with ethambutol for the first two months. This approach enables shorter treatment durations compared to standard methods. Additionally, 146 shows that treatment regimens including bedaquiline and delamanid are effective in treating drug-resistant tuberculosis. This method demonstrates higher efficacy compared to existing methods, potentially increasing culture conversion rates and lowering tuberculosis-related mortality. Furthermore, 102 suggests that a treatment regimen combining rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and SQ109 could contribute to shorter tuberculosis treatment durations. This method may lead to quicker results than traditional treatments.

Risk Summary

There are also certain risks associated with tuberculosis treatment methods. For example, 2 reports adverse effects from using streptomycin, while no side effects were observed with ethambutol. Additionally, 116 suggests that rifampicin may be less safe for children compared to isoniazid. Moreover, 88 indicates that isoniazid poses a higher risk of hepatotoxicity for patients with abnormal liver function.

Comparison Between Studies

Commonalities

Research on tuberculosis treatment methods consistently shows the effectiveness of combining rifampicin and isoniazid for treatment. These studies suggest that shortening treatment durations could increase treatment success rates. Additionally, these studies highlight the need to consider various factors when choosing a treatment method, including patient age and liver function.

Differences

Research on tuberculosis treatment methods displays differences in treatments, treatment durations, and side effects. For example, 2 demonstrates the effectiveness of a 9-month treatment regimen combining rifampicin and isoniazid, supplemented with ethambutol for the first two months. In contrast, 102 suggests that a treatment regimen combining rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and SQ109 could contribute to shorter tuberculosis treatment durations. Additionally, 146 shows that treatment regimens including bedaquiline and delamanid are effective in treating drug-resistant tuberculosis. These studies emphasize the need to consider patient conditions and disease status when selecting a treatment approach.

Consistency and Contradictions in Results

Some contradictions arise from research on tuberculosis treatment methods. For example, 2 reports no side effects from using ethambutol. In contrast, 116 suggests that rifampicin may be less safe for children compared to isoniazid. These contradictions are likely attributed to differences in research subjects and methodologies. Furthermore, research on tuberculosis treatment methods remains insufficient. Therefore, further research is required to address these contradictions.

Considerations for Real-Life Application

When applying research findings on tuberculosis treatment methods to real-life situations, several considerations are essential. For example, selecting a treatment method should be based on patient conditions and disease status. Consulting with a doctor is crucial to discuss treatment duration, potential side effects, and other aspects. Furthermore, research on tuberculosis treatment methods is still in progress. Therefore, it’s important to understand that applying all research findings to real-life situations might not be appropriate. Applying research findings on tuberculosis treatment methods in real-life scenarios requires understanding these points.

Limitations of Current Research

Research on tuberculosis treatment methods remains incomplete. Therefore, current research exhibits certain limitations. For example, research subjects and methodologies are limited. Additionally, applying all research findings to real-life situations is not always feasible. To overcome these limitations, further research is necessary.

Future Research Directions

Research on tuberculosis treatment methods still faces challenges. For example, the development of more effective and safer treatment methods is crucial. Additionally, improvements to treatment methods, such as shortening treatment durations and mitigating side effects, are needed. Moreover, addressing emerging challenges, such as developing treatment methods for drug-resistant tuberculosis, is essential. Further research is required to overcome these challenges.

Conclusion

Research on tuberculosis treatment methods continues to advance. These studies investigate the efficacy and safety of various treatment approaches. Consulting with a doctor and considering these research findings is essential when selecting the appropriate treatment. Tuberculosis is a curable disease with proper treatment. Early initiation of treatment can prevent complications and restore health.

List of Treatments

Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Ethambutol, Streptomycin, Bedaquiline, Delamanid, Moxifloxacin, SQ109, Pyrazinamide, Clofazimine, Pretomanid, Metformin, Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Rifapentine

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Short treatment duration
Tuberculosis treatment
1
Short treatment duration
Tuberculosis treatment
2
Cost-effective
Tuberculosis treatment
3
Short treatment duration
Tuberculosis treatment
4
Effective for resistant strains
Effective tuberculosis treatment
Low relapse rates
5
Effective tuberculosis treatment
High acceptability
Low discontinuation rate
6
Sputum clearance
TB treatment
7
TB treatment
8
Negativization of tuberculosis
9
Tuberculosis treatment
10
No bacteriologic failures
Reduced relapse rate
11
Reduced relapse rate with R5 regimen
13
Reduced tuberculosis relapse
14
Bacteriological response
Reduced relapse
16
Tuberculosis treatment
17
Reduced culture conversion time
18
Effective treatment
Strict control
19
Administrative advantages
Effective treatment
20
Effective treatment
Encouraging findings
Similar relapse rates
21
Favorable bacteriological response
Low relapse rates
Low toxicity
22
Reduced tuberculosis risk
23
Reduced culture conversion time
24
Reduced tuberculosis risk
25
Reduced relapse rates
26
Reduced relapse rate
27
Favorable response
28
Early bactericidal action
Effective TB treatment
29
Effective treatment
Reduced cost
30
Effective treatment
Prevents drug resistance
31
Favorable bacteriologic response
32
Effective treatment regimens
Improved tuberculosis treatment
33
Tuberculosis treatment success
34
Improved adherence
TB cure
37
High cure rate
38
Effective 4-month treatment
39
Faster tuberculosis treatment
Prevents resistant mutants
42
Anti-tuberculous therapy
43
Effective against TB
Well tolerated
45
Improved adherence
46
TB treatment adherence
47
Tuberculosis treatment
49
Cease bacterial isolation
50
Improved tuberculosis diagnosis
51
Improved tuberculosis treatment
52
Improved TB treatment success rates
53
TB elimination
54
Better adherence
Shorter treatment duration
55
TB treatment
56
Effective TB treatment
57
Tuberculosis treatment
58
Reduced tuberculosis incidence
61
Effective TB prevention
Improved treatment completion
62
LTBI treatment
63
Treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis
64
Treat MDR-TB
65
Effective treatment for DR-TB
66
Improved TB treatment
67
MDR-TB treatment adherence
68
Successful treatment
69
Tuberculosis treatment
70
Reduced multidrug resistance
71
TB prevention
72
Increased cure rate
73
Nine-month regimen
74
Tuberculosis treatment
75
Improved TB treatment adherence
76
Tuberculosis treatment
77
Tuberculosis treatment
78
Reduced TB delays
79
TB treatment
81
Treatment efficacy
82
TB treatment
83
Intermittent TB chemotherapy
84
Improved survival
85
Treatment for MDR-TB
Treatment for TB
87
Improved TB treatment completion
Reduced TB risk
88
Enhanced killing of tuberculosis
Improved survival
89
Improved adherence to treatment
Increased therapy efficacy
Shorter period of bacteria carriage
90
Accelerated regimen development
91
Tuberculosis prevention
92
TB treatment
93
Culture conversion
Treatment success
94
TB prevention
95
Improved TB screening accuracy
Reduced active TB
96
TB treatment
97
Pulmonary rehabilitation
98
Tuberculosis treatment
100
MDR-TB treatment success
101
Faster TB cure
Safer TB treatment
102
Improved survival
103
TB treatment
104
TB prevention
105
Faster RR-TB treatment
Improved patient outcomes
Reduced transmission
106
Self-administered treatment
Treatment completion
107
Reduced hepatotoxicity
Shorter treatment duration
108
Improved TB treatment
109
New drugs
TB treatment
110
Reduced adverse events
TB treatment
111
TB treatment
112
Improved TB pericarditis treatment
113
TB cure rate
Treatment adherence
114
Treatment success
115
Latent TB infection treatment
Rifampin
116
Improved treatment success
117
Culture conversion
Treatment duration
118
Increased cure rate
Reduced default rate
120
Quality of life improvement
Urogenital TB treatment efficiency
121
Less toxic treatment
Shorter treatment
Simpler treatment
123
Tuberculosis treatment
124
TB treatment success
125
LTBI treatment
126
Tuberculosis diagnosis
127
ARV
CTX
TB control
128
Tuberculosis treatment
129
TB treatment
130
MDR-TB treatment
131
TB treatment
132
Favorable outcomes
Pretomanid efficacy
133
TB diagnosis improvement
134
TB preventive treatment
135
Reduced inflammation
Reduced time to conversion
136
Increased tuberculosis testing
Increased tuberculosis treatment
137
High success rate
138
Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment
139
Improved treatment completion
Reduced treatment failure
140
Drug-resistant TB efficacy
141
TB treatment success
142
TB care improvement
143
Reduced treatment dropout
144
LTBI treatment
145
DR-TB treatment
146
Targeted TB treatment
147
Prevents progression to TB disease
148
Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment
149
Risk Keywords
Streptomycin side effects
1
Streptomycin side effects
2
Relapse rate
4
High relapse rate in ethambutol series
5
Increased transaminase
Treatment failures
6
None mentioned
10
Adverse effects
Nausea and vomiting
Relapse rates slightly higher with Rifater
11
Acquired resistance to Rifampicin
12
Adverse reactions
16
Adverse reactions
Relapse
17
Relapses
18
Hepatitis
23
Arthralgia
Drug-induced hepatitis
24
Hepatitis
25
Visual disturbance
28
Clinical relapse
30
Bacteriologic relapse
32
Increased need for additional chemotherapy
33
Increased relapse
35
Adverse reactions
36
Relapse
37
Relapse risk
38
Hepatotoxicity
45
Tuberculosis
52
Low adherence
Treatment failure
54
Hepatotoxicity
55
Drug adverse reaction
56
Hepatotoxicity
58
TB control
59
Hepatotoxicity
62
Gastrointestinal disturbances
Skin pigmentation
66
MDR-TB default rates
68
Blindness risk
71
Liver toxicity
72
HIV-coinfection
Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis
74
None mentioned
78
Financial burden
80
Isoniazid resistance
82
TB-IRIS
85
PZA resistance
86
Liver dysfunction
88
Lethal
One third mortality
89
Myelosuppression
Neuropathy
94
Drug resistance risk
95
Hepatotoxicity
96
Drug resistance
Relapse risk
97
Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance
101
Orange discoloration
102
Hepatotoxicity
105
Noninferiority criteria
107
Drug resistance
110
Adverse events
111
Drug resistance
112
Poor adherence
Toxic effects
116
Increased mortality
117
Linezolid resistance
118
TB non-adherence
119
Tuberculous meningitis death
122
Hepatotoxicity risk
126
Overtreatment of tuberculosis
127
Drug resistance
131
Hepatotoxicity
Linezolid toxicity
133
Adverse events
141
Adverse events
142
HIV co-infection
Socioeconomic factors
Substance abuse
144
Literature analysis of 149 papers
Positive Content
136
Neutral Content
4
Negative Content
9
Article Type
75
45
66
48
148
1.

Short-course chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis. A controlled trial by the British Thoracic and Tuberculosis Association.

Author:

Short treatment duration
Tuberculosis treatment
Streptomycin side effects

Short-course chemotherapy with rifampicin plus isoniazid for 9 months, supplemented by ethambutol for the first 2 months, was highly effective in treating tuberculosis and had a lower relapse rate than longer regimens.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

2.

Short-course chemotherapy in pulmonary tuberculosis. A controlled trial by the British Thoracic and Tuberculosis Association.

Author:

Short treatment duration
Tuberculosis treatment
Streptomycin side effects

Chemotherapy with rifampicin plus isoniazid for 9 months, supplemented by ethambutol for the first 2 months, was highly effective in treating tuberculosis and had a low relapse rate.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

Ethambutol plus isoniazid compared with rifampicin plus isoniazid in antituberculosis continuation treatment.

Author: LeesA W, AllanG W, SmithJ, TyrrellW F

Cost-effective
Tuberculosis treatment

Continuation treatment with ethambutol plus isoniazid was as effective and acceptable as rifampicin plus isoniazid in treating tuberculosis, and was less costly.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

4.

Sputum-smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: controlled trial of 3-month and 2-month regimens of chemotherapy.

Author:

Short treatment duration
Tuberculosis treatment
Relapse rate

Short-term regimens of streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide were inadequate for patients with positive sputum cultures, but were effective for patients with negative cultures.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

5.

Controlled trial of 6-month and 8-month regimens in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. First report.

Author:

Effective for resistant strains
Effective tuberculosis treatment
Low relapse rates
High relapse rate in ethambutol series

Four short-course antituberculosis regimens were compared. All regimens showed good bacteriologic response except one. The ethambutol regimen had a higher relapse rate compared to others.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

6.

U.S. Public Health Service Cooperative trial of three rifampin-isoniazid regimens in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: LongM W, SniderD E, FarerL S

Effective tuberculosis treatment
High acceptability
Low discontinuation rate
Increased transaminase
Treatment failures

Three daily rifampin-isoniazid regimens (450, 600, or 750 mg of RIF) were compared for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. The 450 mg regimen was less effective than the other two. The study showed that 12 months of chemotherapy was as effective as 18 months after sputum conversion.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

7.

[Intermittent chemotherapy from the beginning or only after a period of daily administration? Quantitative bacteriological study at the initial phase of chemotherapy with INH + RMP + EMB in daily or intermittent administration].

Author:

Sputum clearance
TB treatment

A study of 75 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis found that intermittent administration of isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol was as effective as daily administration in clearing Mycobacterium from the sputum.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Romanian

8.

A comparative study of daily and twice-weekly continuation regimens of tuberculosis chemotherapy, including a comparison of two durations of sanatorium treatment.

Author:

TB treatment

A study of tuberculosis patients found that three different continuation regimens, administered after an initial 3-month course of standard triple therapy, were all highly effective after 3 years. The regimens included daily PAS plus isoniazid, twice-weekly streptomycin plus isoniazid, and a combination of twice-weekly and once-weekly streptomycin plus isoniazid. While all regimens were equally effective, the intermittent regimens provided better control over treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

9.

[Treatment of new and chronic tuberculous patients with ethambutol and Rifampicin (author's transl)].

Author: PregowskiW, StanczukA, ZnanieckaH, Cesarz-FronczykM

Negativization of tuberculosis

A study comparing chemotherapy regimens containing ethambutol or rifampicin in patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis found that rifampicin resulted in a higher negativization rate.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

10.

[The efficacy of ethambutol compared to streptomycin in the initial quadruple phase of short-term regimens].

Author: MaricaC, MitreaM, RohanI, AnastasatuC

Tuberculosis treatment
None mentioned

A study of 120 patients with tuberculosis compared two short-term treatment regimens: one containing streptomycin (SM) and the other containing ethambutol (EMB). Both regimens were equally effective in clearing bacteria from sputum within 2 months. However, the study recommends further research to compare these regimens with a shorter, triple-drug regimen over a longer follow-up period.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Romanian

11.

Assessment of a daily combined preparation of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide in a controlled trial of three 6-month regimens for smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Singapore Tuberculosis Service/British Medical Research Council.

Author:

No bacteriologic failures
Reduced relapse rate
Adverse effects
Nausea and vomiting
Relapse rates slightly higher with Rifater

This study compared different tuberculosis treatment regimens in 310 patients in Singapore. The study found no significant difference in effectiveness between 2 months of daily treatment with streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide (2SHRZ) and shorter treatment regimens (1SHRZ or 2HRZ without streptomycin). The study also compared a combined drug formulation (Rifater) to separate medications, finding no difference in side effects but slightly higher relapse rates in the Rifater group. The study suggests that 1 month of daily treatment with streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide may be sufficient, and that adding streptomycin does not improve outcomes. Further research is needed to fully assess the combined drug formulation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

12.

[A therapeutic trial of a combination of 3 essential drugs in a short course of chemotherapy in tuberculosis. Results 6 months after the end of treatment].

Author: AgounitestaneD, ChihebM, KhaledS, Ait KhaledN, BoulahbalF, ChauletP

Acquired resistance to Rifampicin

A study of 250 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis found that a 6-month chemotherapy regimen combining rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide was equally effective whether the drugs were administered separately or in combination. The regimen was highly effective for patients with isoniazid-sensitive bacilli, but two patients with isoniazid-resistant bacilli experienced treatment failure.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : French

13.

Five year results of a 3-month and two 5-month regimens for the treatment of sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in south India.

Author: BalasubramanianR, SivasubramanianS, VijayanV K, RamachandranR, JawaharM S, ParamasivanC N, SelvakumarN, SomasundaramP R

Reduced relapse rate with R5 regimen

This study compared three treatment regimens for tuberculosis in 325 patients. The most effective regimen involved daily treatment with rifampicin, streptomycin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide for 3 months, followed by twice-weekly treatment with streptomycin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide for 2 months (R5). This regimen had a significantly lower relapse rate (5.2%) compared to a 3-month daily regimen (R3, 16.8%) and a similar regimen without rifampicin (Z5, 20%). Relapse rates were also higher in patients with bacteria initially resistant to antibiotics. This study suggests that a longer treatment course with rifampicin is more effective in preventing tuberculosis relapse.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

14.

Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with short course chemotherapy in south India--5-year follow up.

Author: SanthaT, NazarethO, KrishnamurthyM S, BalasubramanianR, VijayanV K, JanardhanamB, VenkataramanP, TripathyS P, PrabhakarR

Reduced tuberculosis relapse

This study compared three short-course chemotherapy regimens for treating tuberculosis. The regimens included different combinations of rifampicin, streptomycin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide, with varying durations of treatment. The relapse rate within 5 years was similar across all three regimens, ranging from 4.0% to 7.1%. Most relapses occurred within the first two years after treatment completion. The study also found that patients with initial drug resistance had a higher relapse rate, with 6 relapses occurring in a group of 65 patients with resistance to streptomycin or isoniazid.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

15.

Controlled clinical trial of a regimen of two durations for the treatment of isoniazid resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: Babu SwaiO, AluochJ A, GithuiW A, Thiong'oR, EdwardsE A, DarbyshireJ H, NunnA J

A study of 226 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who failed primary chemotherapy due to drug-resistant strains found that a 9-month regimen of rifampicin and ethambutol was more effective than a 6-month regimen in preventing relapses, particularly for patients with resistance to both isoniazid and streptomycin.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Comparison of a daily and three intermittent retreatment regimens for pulmonary tuberculosis administered under programme conditions.

Author: HongY P, KimS C, ChangS C, KimS J, JinB W, ParkC D

Bacteriological response
Reduced relapse
Adverse reactions

This study compared the effectiveness of four different regimens for treating drug-resistant tuberculosis in 501 patients who had failed initial treatment. The regimens included daily treatment with rifampicin and ethambutol (RE7), three times weekly treatment with rifampicin and ethambutol (RE3), three times weekly treatment with rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide (REZ3), and three times weekly treatment with rifampicin, ethambutol, and prothionamide (REPt3). The study found that all regimens were effective, with cure rates ranging from 62% to 79%. The REPt3 regimen had the highest cure rate but also the most side effects. After treatment ended, relapse rates were similar for RE7, RE3, and REZ3 (14-15%), but higher (26%) for REPt3. The study suggests that daily treatment with rifampicin and ethambutol is a good option for treating drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

17.

[Daily ultrashort chemotherapy and intermittent short-term chemotherapy with 4 drugs of communicable pulmonary tuberculosis treated for the first time. Results of a cooperative multicenter study].

Author: EuleH, BeckH, EversH, FischerP, KwiatkowskiH, MerkelS, ReechR, SielerR, ThomasE, WeineckeW

Tuberculosis treatment
Adverse reactions
Relapse

Three different tuberculosis treatment regimens were compared: a 3-month daily regimen, a 6-month twice-weekly regimen, and a two-phase 6-month regimen. The 3-month regimen was discontinued due to a high relapse rate. While all regimens showed good treatment success (94-100% negative cultures after treatment), relapse rates differed significantly: 19% for 3-month, 9% for two-phase 6-month, and 3% for 6-month twice-weekly. All regimens had acceptable tolerability, with common side effects like flu-like symptoms, elevated blood urea, and transient liver enzyme elevation, most of which were mild. These findings led to updated tuberculosis treatment recommendations and highlight the potential for further optimization of treatment regimens.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

18.

[Which is the best drug combination for the short-term therapy of tuberculosis? A prospective randomized study with 190 patients].

Author: KarrerW, RöthlisbergerK, BezelR, HäckiM, RubinS, BrändliO

Reduced culture conversion time
Relapses

A study of 190 patients with tuberculosis compared the effectiveness of two initial treatment regimens: pyrazinamide (Z) and ethambutol (E) in combination with isoniazid (H) and rifampicin (R). While both groups showed similar relapse rates (3.6%), the study found a trend towards faster conversion to negative cultures in the pyrazinamide group despite shorter initial treatment. All relapses occurred within the first year after treatment ended, and these patients had a longer delay before their cultures became negative compared to those who did not relapse. The study also found that family doctors tended to treat patients for a longer period (10 months) than recommended (9 months), possibly due to previous recommendations favoring longer treatment durations.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : German

19.

A comparative study of daily and twice-weekly continuation regimens of tuberculosis chemotherapy, including a comparison of two durations of sanatorium treatment. 2. Second report: the results from 12 to 24 months.

Author:

Effective treatment
Strict control

A study of tuberculosis patients compared three different continuation regimens after 3 months of standard treatment. All three regimens (PAS plus isoniazid daily, streptomycin plus isoniazid twice weekly, and a combination of the two) were highly effective after 2 years. Continuing treatment beyond 18 months did not improve outcomes. The study also found that extending sanatorium treatment from 3 to 6 months did not provide any benefit. The study concludes that all three continuation regimens are equally effective, but the intermittent regimens allow for closer monitoring of treatment adherence.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

20.

A comparative study of daily and twice-weekly continuation regimens of tuberculosis chemotherapy, including a comparison of two durations of sanatorium treatment. 1. First report: the results at 12 months.

Author:

Administrative advantages
Effective treatment

A study of tuberculosis patients compared two different treatment regimens after 3 months of standard treatment. Both regimens, daily isoniazid plus PAS and twice-weekly streptomycin plus high-dose isoniazid, were highly effective after one year. The twice-weekly regimen was easier to manage and preferred by patients. Extending sanatorium treatment from 3 months to 6 months did not improve outcomes. The study concluded that both regimens were effective, but the twice-weekly regimen offers advantages in terms of logistics and patient satisfaction.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

21.

A 5-year study of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in a concurrent comparison of home and sanatorium treatment for one year with isoniazid plus PAS.

Author: DawsonJ J, DevadattaS, FoxW, RadhakrishnaS, RamakrishnanC V, SomasundaramP R, StottH, TripathyS P, VeluS

Effective treatment
Encouraging findings
Similar relapse rates

A study of 193 patients with tuberculosis compared the effectiveness of home treatment to sanatorium treatment over a five-year period. Both groups showed similar outcomes in terms of relapse rates (7% for home vs. 10% for sanatorium), overall survival, and disease activity at five years. While 5% of home patients and 6% of sanatorium patients died of tuberculosis, the majority of both groups (90% and 89%, respectively) achieved a quiescent state. The study concludes that home treatment is as effective as sanatorium treatment for tuberculosis, particularly in resource-limited settings like India where sanatorium beds are scarce.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

22.

Controlled trial of four thrice-weekly regimens and a daily regimen all given for 6 months for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author:

Favorable bacteriological response
Low relapse rates
Low toxicity

A study of 833 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis found that a daily regimen of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol was effective, as were three different three-times-weekly regimens containing pyrazinamide.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

23.

A controlled trial of 2-month, 3-month, and 12-month regimens of chemotherapy for sputum-smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. Results at 60 months.

Author:

Reduced tuberculosis risk
Hepatitis

The study found that short-course chemotherapy regimens were inadequate for patients with radiologically active pulmonary tuberculosis, leading to higher relapse rates compared to a standard 12-month regimen. Selective chemotherapy, where treatment was initiated only after confirmation of active disease, was more effective in preventing relapses.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

24.

[Pyrazinamide versus ethambutol in short-term therapy of lung tuberculosis. A randomized study].

Author: FialaW, HäckiM A, BrändliO

Reduced culture conversion time
Arthralgia
Drug-induced hepatitis

In a study of 113 people with advanced tuberculosis, treatment with a combination of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide (PZA) for 2-3 months, followed by rifampicin and isoniazid for 9 months, was compared to treatment with rifampicin, isoniazid, and ethambutol (EMB) for the same duration. Patients treated with PZA showed a faster conversion to negative cultures (though not statistically significant) and no relapses after 18 months. Two patients treated with EMB did not respond to therapy. Drug-induced hepatitis occurred in 5 patients on PZA and 2 on EMB, but was reversible. Hepatitis was more common in patients over 70 years old. Three patients on PZA experienced joint pain due to elevated uric acid levels. These preliminary results suggest that PZA may be a safe and effective treatment option for tuberculosis, especially when used with caution in older patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : German

25.

Efficacy of various durations of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis: five years of follow-up in the IUAT trial. International Union Against Tuberculosis Committee on Prophylaxis.

Author:

Reduced tuberculosis risk
Hepatitis

This study evaluated the effectiveness of isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in 28,000 people with lung lesions suggestive of the disease. A 24-week course of isoniazid reduced the risk of tuberculosis by two-thirds compared to placebo. While a 52-week course provided the greatest protection, a 24-week course was more efficient in terms of preventing tuberculosis per case of hepatitis, a rare but more common side effect of isoniazid. This suggests that a 24-week course of isoniazid could be a good balance of benefit and risk, particularly where preventative treatment is not currently widespread.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

26.

Controlled trial of 4 three-times-weekly regimens and a daily regimen all given for 6 months for pulmonary tuberculosis. Second report: the results up to 24 months. Hong Kong Chest Service/British Medical Research Council.

Author:

Reduced relapse rates

A study of 833 patients with tuberculosis compared five different 6-month treatment regimens. All regimens containing isoniazid and rifampicin achieved a favorable response during treatment. However, the relapse rate after 18 months was significantly lower (1%) for regimens containing streptomycin and pyrazinamide compared to those without pyrazinamide (8%). Regimens containing pyrazinamide also showed good results in patients with isoniazid or streptomycin-resistant tuberculosis. These findings suggest that pyrazinamide is an important component of effective tuberculosis treatment regimens.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

27.

A controlled trial of individually-adapted short-course chemotherapy versus two-year scheme in original treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Report after a five-year follow-up.

Author: FavezG, LeuenbergerP

Reduced relapse rate

The study found that a short-course regimen of isoniazid (INH) for four months after initial treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis was more effective in preventing bacteriologic relapses than a two-year regimen of INH.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

28.

Ethambutol plus isoniazid for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis--a controlled trial of our regimens.

Author:

Favorable response
Visual disturbance

Different treatment regimens for tuberculosis were compared, with a daily regimen of ethambutol and isoniazid being most effective. A weekly regimen was less effective, especially in patients who rapidly break down isoniazid.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical trial that evaluates the effectiveness of a treatment by comparing a group that receives the intervention with a group that receives a placebo or standard treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

29.

Early bactericidal action of pulsed exposure to rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid & pyrazinamide in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.

Author: ParamasivanC N, HerbertD, UmapathyK C, RahmanF, KrishnamurthyP V, PrabhakarR

Early bactericidal action
Effective TB treatment

This study of 49 pulmonary tuberculosis patients found that both REmbIZ3 and REmb3IZ3alt regimens were effective in reducing the colony forming units (cfu) of M. tuberculosis per ml of sputum.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

30.

Six months versus nine months chemotherapy for tuberculosis of lymph nodes: final results.

Author: CampbellI A, OrmerodL P, FriendJ A, JenkinsP A, PrescottR J

Effective treatment
Reduced cost
Clinical relapse

This study of 157 patients with peripheral lymph node tuberculosis found that a 6-month Z2H6R6 regimen was as effective as 9-month regimens Z2H9R9 and E2H9R9 in patients with fully sensitive organisms.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

31.

[Results of short-term tuberculosis therapy with isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide].

Author: BrändliO, DreherD, MorgerD

Effective treatment
Prevents drug resistance

This study compared two treatment regimens for tuberculosis: 6-month therapy with Rifater (a fixed-combination tablet of rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide) followed by isoniazid and rifampin, and 9-month therapy with isoniazid and rifampin plus ethambutol for the first two months. While the 6-month regimen had a higher rate of initial drug resistance, relapse rates were similar between the two groups. Four patients relapsed after an average of 4 years, and all of them had initial drug resistance. The study suggests that the 6-month regimen with Rifater may be effective and safe for treating tuberculosis, but further research is needed to determine the best approach for patients with initial drug resistance.

Case ReportsIn the medical field, a report that describes in detail a unique case, an unusual medical condition, or the effect of a treatment. Provides new insights and possibilities for treatment through individual patient cases.
Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : German

32.

Controlled trial of ciprofloxacin in short-term chemotherapy for pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: MohantyK C, DhamgayeT M

Favorable bacteriologic response
Bacteriologic relapse

This study of patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis found that both SHRZ/HR and SHZ Cipro/H Cipro regimens were effective during chemotherapy, but the SHZ Cipro/H Cipro regimen was associated with a higher relapse rate after treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

33.

Controlled trial of short-course regimens of chemotherapy in the ambulatory treatment of spinal tuberculosis. Results at three years of a study in Korea. Twelfth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on Tuberculosis of the Spine.

Author:

Effective treatment regimens
Improved tuberculosis treatment
Increased need for additional chemotherapy

This study of 265 patients with tuberculosis of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine found that all four daily chemotherapy regimens were effective at three years, but the 9P/EH regimen was associated with a higher proportion of patients requiring additional chemotherapy.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

34.

Randomised controlled trial of self-supervised and directly observed treatment of tuberculosis.

Author: ZwarensteinM, SchoemanJ H, VunduleC, LombardC J, TatleyM

Tuberculosis treatment success

This study compared direct observation (DO) to self-supervision in treating tuberculosis patients in South Africa. The study aimed to assess the impact of each approach on treatment completion and outcomes.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

35.

Fully intermittent dosing with drugs for tuberculosis.

Author: MwandumbaH C, SquireS B

Increased relapse

There is not enough evidence to assess the equivalence of effect between fully intermittent, rifampicin-containing short-course chemotherapy and similar daily therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

36.

Mycobacterium vaccae immunotherapy for treating tuberculosis.

Author: de BruynG, GarnerP

Adverse reactions

Mycobacterium vaccae did not demonstrate any benefit for patients with tuberculosis. There was no improvement in mortality, sputum negativity, or sputum culture. Adverse reactions were frequent.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

37.

Fully intermittent dosing with drugs for tuberculosis.

Author: MwandumbaH C, SquireS B

Improved adherence
TB cure
Relapse

There is not enough evidence to compare the effectiveness of fully intermittent, rifampicin-containing short-course chemotherapy with similar daily therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

38.

Fully intermittent dosing with drugs for treating tuberculosis in adults.

Author: MwandumbaH C, SquireS B

High cure rate
Relapse risk

There is not enough evidence to assess the equivalence of effect between fully intermittent, rifampicin-containing short-course chemotherapy and similar daily therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

39.

Four-month chemotherapy in the treatment of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: results at 30 to 60 months.

Author: TeoS K, TanK K, KhooT K

Effective 4-month treatment

A 4-month daily or combined regimen appears to be highly effective in the treatment of non-immunocompromised patients with smear- and culture-negative PTB.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

40.

Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis.

Author: VlassovV V, PechatnikovL M, MacLehoseH G

This review assessed the benefits and harms of low level laser therapy (LLLT) for treating tuberculosis in randomized and quasi-randomized controlled trials. No randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria for the review. The use of LLLT to treat tuberculosis is not supported by reliable evidence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

41.

DOTS versus self administered therapy (SAT) for patients of pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised trial at a tertiary care hospital.

Author: TandonMonika, GuptaM, TandonS, GuptaK B

This randomized controlled trial compares the effectiveness of Directly Observed Therapy Short Course (DOTS) versus Self Administered Therapy (SAT) in treating tuberculosis.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

42.

Role of gallium arsenide laser irradiation at 890 nm as an adjunctive to anti-tuberculosis drugs in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: PuriM M, AroraV K

Faster tuberculosis treatment
Prevents resistant mutants

Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) with Gallium Arsenide laser may be a promising adjunctive therapy for patients with tuberculosis, as it facilitates faster clearance of tubercle bacilli from the sputum.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

43.

Is a 9-month treatment sufficient in tuberculous enterocolitis? A prospective, randomized, single-centre study.

Author: KimS G, KimJ S, JungH C, SongI S

Anti-tuberculous therapy

This study examines the duration of anti-tuberculous therapy needed for intestinal tuberculosis, which has become more prevalent in the context of the AIDS epidemic and immunosuppressive therapy use.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

44.

Effect of Mycobacterium vaccae (SRL172) immunotherapy on radiographic healing in tuberculosis.

Author: JohnsonJ L, NunnA J, FourieP B, OrmerodL P, MugerwaR D, MwingaA, ChintuC, NgwiraB, OnyebujohP, ZumlaA

Adjunctive immunotherapy of drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) with Mycobacterium vaccae during the first 2 weeks of treatment did not improve radiographic responses to treatment or resolution of cavitary disease.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

45.

Weekly rifapentine/isoniazid or daily rifampin/pyrazinamide for latent tuberculosis in household contacts.

Author: SchechterMauro, ZajdenvergRoberto, FalcoGisely, BarnesGrace Link, FaulhaberJosé Cláudio, CoberlyJacqueline S, MooreRichard D, ChaissonRichard E

Effective against TB
Well tolerated
Hepatotoxicity

Rifapentine/isoniazid was better tolerated than rifampin/pyrazinamide and was associated with good protection against TB. Rifapentine/isoniazid weekly for 12 wk is likely a promising therapy for latent TB infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

46.

Factors affecting patient adherence to DOTS in urban Kathmandu, Nepal.

Author: BamT S, GunnebergC, ChamroonsawasdiK, BamD S, AalbergO, KaslandO, ShiyalapK, SrisorrachatrS

Improved adherence

Daily health education delivered at DOTS centers is strongly associated with improved adherence to tuberculosis treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

47.

Directly observed therapy for treating tuberculosis.

Author: VolminkJ, GarnerP

TB treatment adherence

This article discusses the importance of directly observed therapy (DOT) in encouraging adherence to tuberculosis treatment regimens, addressing the high default rates observed in many patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

48.

Low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis.

Author: VlassovV V, MacLehoseH G

The use of low level laser therapy for treating tuberculosis is still not supported by reliable evidence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

49.

Drugs for preventing tuberculosis in people at risk of multiple-drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: FraserA, PaulM, AttamnaA, LeiboviciL

Tuberculosis treatment

The study discussed the challenges of managing multiple-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), highlighting the prolonged, expensive, and often unsuccessful nature of treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

50.

[Efficiency of a new standard chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of patients with recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis].

Author: ChukanovV I, KomissarovaO G, MaishinV Iu, AbdullaevR Iu, KononetsA S

Cease bacterial isolation

This study compared the effectiveness of two conventional chemotherapy regimens in treating recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis, finding that regimen '2b' was more effective in ceasing bacterial isolation and promoting cavity closure.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Russian

51.

Diagnosis of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in people with HIV infection or AIDS in resource-constrained settings: informing urgent policy changes.

Author: GetahunHaileyesus, HarringtonMark, O'BrienRick, NunnPaul

Improved tuberculosis diagnosis

Improved diagnostic strategies and resources are needed to address the increasing prevalence and poor outcomes of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in resource-constrained settings with high HIV infection rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

52.

A systematic review of delay in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis.

Author: StorlaDag Gundersen, YimerSolomon, BjuneGunnar Aksel

Improved tuberculosis treatment
Tuberculosis

Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for controlling tuberculosis (TB). Delayed diagnosis worsens the outcome for individuals and increases the risk of spreading the disease in the community. Most transmission occurs between the onset of coughing and the start of treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

53.

Timing of default from tuberculosis treatment: a systematic review.

Author: KrukMargaret E, SchwalbeNina R, AguiarChristine A

Improved TB treatment success rates

There is insufficient high-quality comparable information on the timing of default from TB treatment. However, a substantial proportion of defaulters leave treatment in the later stages, suggesting that new TB drugs could improve treatment success rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

54.

Adherence to treatment for latent tuberculosis infection: systematic review of studies in the US and Canada.

Author: Hirsch-MovermanY, DaftaryA, FranksJ, ColsonP W

TB elimination
Low adherence
Treatment failure

Treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is essential for reducing the spread of tuberculosis (TB). However, treatment adherence rates are consistently low in the United States and Canada. This systematic review of 78 studies found that adherence and completion rates for LTBI treatment are suboptimal across high-risk groups. While several interventions have been developed to improve adherence, no single intervention has shown consistent effectiveness. This highlights the need for innovative approaches to improve LTBI treatment adherence and ensure successful TB elimination.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

55.

Adverse events with 4 months of rifampin therapy or 9 months of isoniazid therapy for latent tuberculosis infection: a randomized trial.

Author: MenziesDick, LongRichard, TrajmanAnete, DionMarie-Josée, YangJae, Al JahdaliHamdan, MemishZiad, KhanKamran, GardamMichael, HoeppnerVernon, BenedettiAndrea, SchwartzmanKevin

Better adherence
Shorter treatment duration
Hepatotoxicity

Treatment of latent tuberculosis with 4 months of rifampin leads to fewer serious adverse events and better adherence than 9 months of isoniazid.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

56.

[Study on the efficacy and safety of short-term treatment including fluoroquinolones anti-tuberculosis drugs for rifampicin resistant pulmonary tuberculosis].

Author: KangWan-li, XieYan-guang, TanWei-guo, ChuNai-hui, LiLiang, YouYong-hong, YangYing-zhou, WangXiao-meng, YanXing-lu, MiaoZi-ping, DuanmuHong-jin

TB treatment
Drug adverse reaction

Short-term treatment including fluoroquinolones anti-tuberculosis drugs was more effective than the re-treatment regimen group in treating patients with rifampicin resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and MDR-TB patients.

English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Chinese

57.

Effect of duration and intermittency of rifampin on tuberculosis treatment outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: MenziesDick, BenedettiAndrea, PaydarAnita, MartinIan, RoyceSarah, PaiMadhukar, VernonAndrew, LienhardtChristian, BurmanWilliam

Effective TB treatment

This systematic review assessed the effect of duration and intermittency of rifampin use on TB treatment outcomes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

58.

4 months of rifampin compared with 9 months of isoniazid for the management of latent tuberculosis infection: a meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness study that focuses on compliance and liver toxicity.

Author: ZiakasPanayiotis D, MylonakisEleftherios

Tuberculosis treatment
Hepatotoxicity

One-third of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis, and the standard treatment for latent (inactive) TB is a nine-month regimen of isoniazid. However, this treatment is linked to liver problems and poor adherence. Recent clinical trials have investigated a shorter, four-month regimen of rifampin.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

59.

A systematic review of different type of tuberculosis.

Author: KumarS Vijaya, DekaManoj Kumar, BaggaManish, KalaM Sasi, GauthamanK

TB control

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant cause of death worldwide, with millions infected and developing the disease each year. This review found that while CT and MRI scans can help diagnose different types of TB, controlling the spread of TB is still a challenge. There is a need for effective and affordable TB control programs in healthcare facilities. Raising awareness and developing new treatments are crucial to address this ongoing health issue.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

60.

Natural history of tuberculosis: duration and fatality of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV negative patients: a systematic review.

Author: TiemersmaEdine W, van der WerfMarieke J, BorgdorffMartien W, WilliamsBrian G, NagelkerkeNico J D

The chances of survival and how long tuberculosis (TB) lasts without treatment are important, as many people are not diagnosed correctly and don't receive appropriate treatment. This information is also crucial for understanding TB trends.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

61.

6-month versus 36-month isoniazid preventive treatment for tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection in Botswana: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Author: SamandariTaraz, AgizewTefera B, NyirendaSamba, TedlaZegabriel, SibandaThabisa, ShangNong, MosimaneotsileBarudi, MotsamaiOaitse I, BozemanLorna, DavisMargarett K, TalbotElizabeth A, MoetiThemba L, MoffatHoward J, KilmarxPeter H, CastroKenneth G, WellsCharles D

Reduced tuberculosis incidence

36 months' isoniazid prophylaxis was more effective for prevention of tuberculosis than was 6-month prophylaxis in individuals with HIV infection, and chiefly benefited those who were tuberculin skin test positive. We recorded 34 (3·4%) cases of incident tuberculosis in 989 participants allocated to the control group and 20 (2·0%) in 1006 allocated to the continued isoniazid group (incidence 1·26% per year vs 0·72%; hazard ratio 0·57, 95% CI 0·33-0·99, p=0·047).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

62.

Three months of rifapentine and isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection.

Author: SterlingTimothy R, VillarinoM Elsa, BorisovAndrey S, ShangNong, GordinFred, Bliven-SizemoreErin, HackmanJudith, HamiltonCarol Dukes, MenziesDick, KerriganAmy, WeisStephen E, WeinerMarc, WingDiane, CondeMarcus B, BozemanLorna, HorsburghC Robert, ChaissonRichard E,

Effective TB prevention
Improved treatment completion
Hepatotoxicity

A 3-month regimen of rifapentine plus isoniazid was as effective as 9 months of isoniazid alone in preventing tuberculosis and had a higher treatment-completion rate. Long-term safety monitoring will be important.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

63.

Potential cost-effectiveness of rifampin vs. isoniazid for latent tuberculosis: implications for future clinical trials.

Author: EsfahaniK, AsplerA, MenziesD, SchwartzmanK

LTBI treatment

4 months of daily rifampin (4RMP) may be a cost-effective alternative to 9 months of daily isoniazid (9INH) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, a large-scale non-inferiority trial is needed to confirm its efficacy.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

64.

Linezolid for the treatment of complicated drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: CoxH, FordN

Treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis

Treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is not ideal, with worse outcomes than for non-resistant TB, especially in people who have already been treated with second-line drugs or who have highly drug-resistant (XDR-) TB. While linezolid is not recommended for routine DR-TB treatment due to a lack of evidence, it may be considered for patients with complex DR-TB who cannot be treated with standard regimens.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

65.

Drug treatment of multidrug-resistant osteoarticular tuberculosis: a systematic literature review.

Author: Suárez-GarcíaInés, NogueradoArturo

Treat MDR-TB

Second-line anti-tuberculous drugs can successfully treat osteoarticular MDR-TB, and surgery may be beneficial when medical treatment is inadequate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

66.

Outcomes of clofazimine for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: DeyTeesta, BrigdenGrania, CoxHelen, ShubberZara, CookeGraham, FordNathan

Effective treatment for DR-TB
Gastrointestinal disturbances
Skin pigmentation

Clofazimine, when used in combination therapy, shows promise as an additional therapeutic option for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). However, the optimal dose and duration of clofazimine use require further investigation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

67.

Adverse drug reactions and outcome of short course anti-tuberculosis drugs between single daily dose and split drug dose (BID) in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: ChuchottawornCharoen, SaipanBenjawan, KittisupChomnapa, CheewakulKrisana

Improved TB treatment

This study discusses the use of a standard six-month short-course regimen for pulmonary tuberculosis, highlighting the effectiveness of this treatment but also recognizing the high rates of adverse drug reactions. The study suggests that splitting drug administration to twice a day may reduce these adverse effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

68.

Strategies for reducing treatment default in drug-resistant tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: ToczekA, CoxH, du CrosP, CookeG, FordN

MDR-TB treatment adherence
MDR-TB default rates

This review found that current interventions to support adherence and retention of treatment for MDR-TB are poorly described and based on weak evidence. The study found that engaging community health workers as directly observed treatment (DOT) providers, providing DOT throughout treatment, having smaller cohort sizes, and providing patient education were strategies associated with lower default rates. The high default rates reported highlight the need for further refinement and evaluation of simple intervention packages to support patients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

69.

Surgical interventions for drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: MarroneM T, VenkataramananV, GoodmanM, HillA C, JerebJ A, MaseS R

Successful treatment

This systematic review assessed the effectiveness of surgical interventions in the treatment of drug-resistant TB. Surgery was significantly associated with successful treatment compared to non-surgical interventions. However, there is insufficient evidence to recommend surgery plus chemotherapy over chemotherapy alone.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

70.

Efficacy of the 6-month thrice-weekly regimen in the treatment of new sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis under clinical trial conditions.

Author: Banu RekhaV V, RajaramK, KripasankarA S, ParthasarathyR, UmapathyK C, SheikhI, SelvakumarN, VictorM, NiruparaniC, SridharR, JawaharM S

Tuberculosis treatment

The thrice-weekly regimen of antitubercular drugs (2H(3)R(3)Z(3)E(3)/4H(3)R(3)) was effective and well-tolerated in HIV-negative patients with newly diagnosed smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

71.

Incidence of ethambutol-related visual impairment during treatment of active tuberculosis.

Author: EzerN, BenedettiA, Darvish-ZargarM, MenziesD

Reduced multidrug resistance
Blindness risk

New guidelines recommend adding ethambutol (EMB) to tuberculosis (TB) treatment in areas with high isoniazid resistance, potentially reducing multidrug resistance. However, EMB can cause vision problems.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

72.

Rifamycins (rifampicin, rifabutin and rifapentine) compared to isoniazid for preventing tuberculosis in HIV-negative people at risk of active TB.

Author: SharmaSurendra K, SharmaAnju, KadhiravanTamilarasu, TharyanPrathap

TB prevention
Liver toxicity

Preventing active tuberculosis (TB) in people with latent TB infection (LTBI) is crucial for global TB control. While isoniazid (INH) is effective (60-90% protection), it has a long treatment period, can cause liver problems, and is only taken by about half of people outside of studies. Shorter treatments with rifampicin or rifamycin combinations may improve completion rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

73.

SMS reminders to improve the tuberculosis cure rate in developing countries (TB-SMS Cameroon): a protocol of a randomised control study.

Author: BediangGeorges, StollBeat, EliaNadia, AbenaJean-Louis, NolnaDésiré, ChastonayPhilippe, GeissbuhlerAntoine

Increased cure rate

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of SMS reminders on cure rates for patients with sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (TPM+) in Cameroon, a country with a low cure rate (65%) compared to the target.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

74.

Evaluation of a standardized treatment regimen of anti-tuberculosis drugs for patients with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (STREAM): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: NunnAndrew J, RusenI D, Van DeunArmand, TorreaGabriela, PhillipsPatrick P J, ChiangChen-Yuan, SquireS Bertel, MadanJason, MeredithSarah K

Nine-month regimen
HIV-coinfection
Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis

This research highlights the lack of strong evidence-based guidelines for treating multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Current recommendations are based on expert opinion and suggest treatment for at least 20 months. The study proposes a nine-month regimen that showed promising results in cohort studies and calls for randomized controlled trials to compare this regimen with standard treatments, including for patients with HIV co-infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

75.

Adjunctive steroid therapy for managing pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: CritchleyJulia A, OrtonLois C, PearsonFiona

Tuberculosis treatment

Tuberculosis (TB) causes millions of illnesses and deaths worldwide each year. While TB is treatable, some forms respond better when combined with corticosteroids. It's unclear whether corticosteroids would improve outcomes in people with TB affecting the lungs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

76.

Reminder systems to improve patient adherence to tuberculosis clinic appointments for diagnosis and treatment.

Author: LiuQin, AbbaKatharine, AlejandriaMarissa M, SinclairDavid, BalanagVincent M, LansangMary Ann D

Improved TB treatment adherence

This study discusses the importance of reminder systems in promoting treatment adherence for active tuberculosis (TB) patients, highlighting the challenges of completing the required six-month treatment regimen.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

77.

Bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide and clofazimine alone and in combinations with pretomanid and bedaquiline.

Author: DiaconAndreas H, DawsonRodney, von Groote-BidlingmaierFlorian, SymonsGregory, VenterAmour, DonaldPeter R, van NiekerkChristo, EverittDaniel, HutchingsJane, BurgerDivan A, SchallRobert, MendelCarl M

Tuberculosis treatment

New treatments are needed to shorten tuberculosis treatment and help people with HIV who have drug-resistant TB. Research suggests that new medications like bedaquiline (B) and pretomanid (Pa) combined with pyrazinamide (Z) and clofazimine (C) could help shorten treatment for both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

78.

Efficiency and safety of the combination of moxifloxacin, pretomanid (PA-824), and pyrazinamide during the first 8 weeks of antituberculosis treatment: a phase 2b, open-label, partly randomised trial in patients with drug-susceptible or drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: DawsonRodney, DiaconAndreas H, EverittDaniel, van NiekerkChristo, DonaldPeter R, BurgerDivan A, SchallRobert, SpigelmanMelvin, ConradieAlmari, EisenachKathleen, VenterAmour, IvePrudence, Page-ShippLiesl, VariavaEbrahim, ReitherKlaus, NtinginyaNyanda E, PymAlexander, von Groote-BidlingmaierFlorian, MendelCarl M

Tuberculosis treatment
None mentioned

New antituberculosis regimens are urgently needed to shorten treatment duration. This study investigates a novel regimen's efficacy and safety for both drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis during the initial 8 weeks of treatment.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

79.

Factors associated with patient and provider delays for tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: CaiJing, WangXianhua, MaAiguo, WangQiuzhen, HanXiuxia, LiYong

Reduced TB delays

Delays in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and treatment are a major barrier to effective management. Male, unemployed, rural residence, low income, hemoptysis, positive sputum smear, and long travel time/distance were significantly correlated with patient delay. Male, long travel time/distance and consultation at a public hospital were related to provider delay.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

80.

Costs to Health Services and the Patient of Treating Tuberculosis: A Systematic Literature Review.

Author: LaurenceYoko V, GriffithsUlla K, VassallAnna

Financial burden

There is substantial evidence on the costs of treating drug-susceptible (DS) tuberculosis (TB), particularly in high-income countries. However, cost data for multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB treatment are limited. Patient-incurred costs are significant, particularly in poorer countries without universal healthcare coverage.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

81.

Directly observed therapy for treating tuberculosis.

Author: KarumbiJamlick, GarnerPaul

TB treatment

Tuberculosis (TB) treatment requires at least six months of medication. If treatment is not completed, patients may not fully recover and the bacteria may become resistant to drugs. Directly Observed Therapy (DOT), recommended by the World Health Organization, helps ensure patients take their medication by having healthcare workers, volunteers, or family members watch them take each dose.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

82.

Global and Regional Burden of Isoniazid-Resistant Tuberculosis.

Author: YuenCourtney M, JenkinsHelen E, RodriguezCarly A, KeshavjeeSalmaan, BecerraMercedes C

Treatment efficacy
Isoniazid resistance

Isoniazid resistance is a concern in the treatment of tuberculosis, particularly in children. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of isoniazid-resistant TB in children globally.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

83.

Two-stage activity-safety study of daily rifapentine during intensive phase treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: DawsonR, NarunskyK, CarmanD, GupteN, WhitelawA, EfronA, BarnesG L, HoffmanJ, ChaissonR E, McIlleronH, DormanS E

TB treatment

Daily rifapentine (RPT) at 450 mg or 600 mg was safe and well-tolerated in adults with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Both regimens showed a trend towards greater efficacy compared to rifampicin, with a higher rate of sputum culture conversion at 8 weeks.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

84.

Intermittent Versus Daily Pulmonary Tuberculosis Treatment Regimens: A Meta-Analysis.

Author: KasoziSamuel, ClarkJustin, DoiSuhail A R

Intermittent TB chemotherapy

Intermittent pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy has been shown to be effective. This review examined the effectiveness of different rifampicin regimens, including daily versus intermittent dosing and intensive phase only versus both phases. The study also looked at treatment outcomes like success, failure, relapse, and default.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

85.

Optimal Timing of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation for HIV-Infected Adults With Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Author: UthmanOlalekan A, OkwunduCharles, GbengaKayode, VolminkJimmy, DowdyDavid, ZumlaAlimuddin, NachegaJean B

Improved survival
TB-IRIS

This meta-analysis evaluated the evidence from randomized controlled trials on the timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in HIV-infected adults with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The study found that early ART initiation reduced mortality compared with delayed ART initiation in patients with CD4+ T-cell counts less than 0.050 × 109 cells/L. However, early ART initiation was associated with a higher incidence of TB-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

86.

A Global Perspective on Pyrazinamide Resistance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author: WhitfieldMichael G, SoetersHeidi M, WarrenRobin M, YorkTalita, SampsonSamantha L, StreicherElizabeth M, van HeldenPaul D, van RieAnnelies

PZA resistance

A systematic review of 1,815 phenotypically resistant isolates found that pyrazinamide (PZA) resistance is ubiquitous, with an estimated one in six incident TB cases and more than half of all MDR-TB cases resistant to PZA globally. The diversity of SNPs across the pncA gene complicates the development of rapid molecular diagnostics.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

87.

Clinical research in the treatment of tuberculosis: current status and future prospects.

Author: ChangK-C, YewW-W, SotgiuG

Treatment for MDR-TB
Treatment for TB

This systematic review examines the current state of clinical research on tuberculosis (TB) treatment. The review focuses on drugs, dosing factors, and regimens used for both drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

89.

Intensified Antituberculosis Therapy in Adults with Tuberculous Meningitis.

Author: HeemskerkA Dorothee, BangNguyen D, MaiNguyen T H, ChauTran T H, PhuNguyen H, LocPham P, ChauNguyen V V, HienTran T, DungNguyen H, LanNguyen T N, LanNguyen H, LanNguyen N, PhongLe T, VienNguyen N, HienNguyen Q, YenNguyen T B, HaDang T M, DayJeremy N, CawsMaxine, MersonLaura, ThinhTran T V, WolbersMarcel, ThwaitesGuy E, FarrarJeremy J

Enhanced killing of tuberculosis
Improved survival
Lethal
One third mortality

Tuberculous meningitis is a serious and often fatal condition. This study investigates the impact of intensified antituberculosis treatment on survival rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

90.

[Immunomodulator Intensification of Etioropic Therapy in Patients with Advanced Pulmonary Tuberculosis].

Author: KolomietsV M, AbramovA V, RachinaN V, RublevaN V

Improved adherence to treatment
Increased therapy efficacy
Shorter period of bacteria carriage

This study investigates the effectiveness of adding immunomodulators to treatment regimens for patients with advanced tuberculosis, finding that Cycloferon and Omega-3 improved outcomes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Russian

91.

A new trial design to accelerate tuberculosis drug development: the Phase IIC Selection Trial with Extended Post-treatment follow-up (STEP).

Author: PhillipsPatrick P J, DooleyKelly E, GillespieStephen H, HeinrichNorbert, StoutJason E, NahidPayam, DiaconAndreas H, AarnoutseRob E, KibikiGibson S, BoereeMartin J, HoelscherMichael

Accelerated regimen development

A novel hybrid phase II/III trial design, the STEP trial, allows for the collection of definitive clinical outcome data in a relatively small number of participants over a shorter period, providing valuable information about the likelihood of success in a future phase III trial.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

92.

Initiation and completion rates for latent tuberculosis infection treatment: a systematic review.

Author: SandgrenAndreas, Vonk Noordegraaf-SchoutenMarije, van KesselFemke, StuurmanAnke, Oordt-SpeetsAnouk, van der WerfMarieke J

Tuberculosis prevention

This systematic review examined initiation and completion rates for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment regimens in the general population and specific populations.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

93.

Fixed-dose combinations of drugs versus single-drug formulations for treating pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: GallardoCarmen R, Rigau ComasDavid, Valderrama RodríguezAngélica, Roqué i FigulsMarta, ParkerLucy Anne, CaylàJoan, Bonfill CospXavier

TB treatment

The standard treatment for newly diagnosed tuberculosis (TB) involves a combination of medications taken for six months. Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) of these drugs are commonly recommended.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

94.

Efficacy and safety profile of linezolid in the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: AgyemanAkosua Adom, Ofori-AsensoRichard

Culture conversion
Treatment success
Myelosuppression
Neuropathy

Linezolid is a viable treatment option for multidrug-resistant (MDR) or extensively-drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis but patients should be monitored for myelosuppression and neuropathy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

95.

Rifampicin resistance after treatment for latent tuberculous infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: den BoonS, MatteelliA, GetahunH

TB prevention
Drug resistance risk

Treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) reduces the risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). Shorter treatment regimens that include rifamycin drugs have been shown to be as effective as longer treatment with isoniazid, and have fewer side effects and a higher completion rate. However, it is unclear whether using rifamycins for prevention increases resistance to these drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

96.

Primary Care Screening and Treatment for Latent Tuberculosis Infection in Adults: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force.

Author: KahwatiLeila C, FeltnerCynthia, HalpernMichael, WoodellCarol L, BolandErin, AmickHalle R, WeberRachel Palmieri, JonasDaniel E

Improved TB screening accuracy
Reduced active TB
Hepatotoxicity

The tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are moderately sensitive and highly specific for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in countries with low TB burden. While treatment with isoniazid reduced the risk of active TB, it was associated with a higher risk of hepatotoxicity compared to placebo or rifampin. Further research is needed to evaluate the benefits and harms of LTBI screening.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

97.

Six-month therapy for abdominal tuberculosis.

Author: JullienSophie, JainSiddharth, RyanHannah, AhujaVineet

TB treatment
Drug resistance
Relapse risk

Tuberculosis (TB) in the abdomen is treated with the same six-month regimen used for lung TB, but some doctors worry this may not be long enough, especially for gastrointestinal TB where medications might not be absorbed well. However, longer regimens can lead to people not taking their medications, which could increase the risk of the disease returning, drug resistance, and higher costs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

98.

Is there a rationale for pulmonary rehabilitation following successful chemotherapy for tuberculosis?

Author: Muñoz-TorricoMarcela, RendonAdrian, CentisRosella, D'AmbrosioLia, FuentesZhenia, Torres-DuqueCarlos, MelloFernanda, DalcolmoMargareth, Pérez-PadillaRogelio, SpanevelloAntonio, MiglioriGiovanni Battista

Pulmonary rehabilitation

This research emphasizes the importance of considering a "post-tuberculosis treatment" phase following successful tuberculosis (TB) treatment. The study explores the functional sequelae of TB and examines the rationale for pulmonary rehabilitation in patients who have completed TB treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

99.

Treatment of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis with first-line drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: GegiaMedea, WintersNicholas, BenedettiAndrea, van SoolingenDick, MenziesDick

This updated systematic review examines treatment outcomes associated with the use of first-line drugs in patients with tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid but not rifampicin. The study investigates the potential limitations of current treatment regimens for this type of drug-resistant TB.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

100.

Efficacy and safety of a four-drug fixed-dose combination regimen versus separate drugs for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: LimaGlaura C, SilvaEmilia V, MagalhãesPérola de O, NavesJaneth S

Tuberculosis treatment

Tuberculosis, especially when resistant to multiple drugs, is a major cause of death and illness globally. This study aims to examine the combined effectiveness of all four currently available TB treatments, a topic that has not been thoroughly studied before.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

101.

Treatment outcomes for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis under DOTS-Plus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies.

Author: KibretKelemu Tilahun, MogesYonatan, MemiahPeter, BiadgilignSibhatu

MDR-TB treatment success
Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance

This study assessed the available evidence for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcomes under the Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course (DOTS)-Plus program.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

102.

High-dose rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and SQ109 for treating tuberculosis: a multi-arm, multi-stage randomised controlled trial.

Author: BoereeMartin J, HeinrichNorbert, AarnoutseRob, DiaconAndreas H, DawsonRodney, RehalSunita, KibikiGibson S, ChurchyardGavin, SanneIan, NtinginyaNyanda E, MinjaLilian T, HuntRobert D, CharalambousSalome, HanekomMadeleine, SemvuaHadija H, MpagamaStellah G, ManyamaChristina, MtafyaBariki, ReitherKlaus, WallisRobert S, VenterAmour, NarunskyKim, MekotaAnka, HenneSonja, ColbersAngela, van BalenGeorgette Plemper, GillespieStephen H, PhillipsPatrick P J, HoelscherMichael,

Faster TB cure
Safer TB treatment
Orange discoloration

A dose of 35 mg/kg rifampicin was found to be safe and effective in reducing the time to culture conversion in liquid media for patients with newly diagnosed, rifampicin-sensitive, previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis. This suggests its potential as a component of future, shorter treatment regimens.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

103.

Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Drug-Resistant Tuberculous Meningitis Treated With an Intensified Antituberculosis Regimen.

Author: HeemskerkA Dorothee, NguyenMai Thi Hoang, DangHa Thi Minh, Vinh NguyenChau Van, NguyenLan Huu, DoThu Dang Anh, NguyenThuong Thuy Thuong, WolbersMarcel, DayJeremy, LeThao Thi Phuong, NguyenBang Duc, CawsMaxine, ThwaitesGuy E

Improved survival

Early intensified treatment improved survival in patients with isoniazid-resistant tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Targeted regimens for drug-resistant TBM should be further explored.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

104.

Barriers to initiating tuberculosis treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review focused on children and youth.

Author: SullivanBrittney J, EsmailiB Emily, CunninghamColeen K

TB treatment

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of death from infectious disease, affecting millions of people each year. While TB is treatable and preventable, many people face obstacles to starting treatment. These barriers are more pronounced in areas with limited resources and can be particularly challenging for children.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

105.

Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: An Updated Network Meta-analysis.

Author: ZennerDominik, BeerNetta, HarrisRoss J, LipmanMarc C, StaggHelen R, van der WerfMarieke J

TB prevention
Hepatotoxicity

This network meta-analysis evaluated the comparative efficacy and harms of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) treatment regimens aimed at preventing active TB among adults and children. Evidence exists for the efficacy and safety of 6-month isoniazid monotherapy, rifampicin monotherapy, and combination therapies with 3 to 4 months of isoniazid and rifampicin.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

106.

Time to treatment for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: BoydR, FordN, PadgenP, CoxH

Faster RR-TB treatment
Improved patient outcomes
Reduced transmission

Time to treatment for RR-TB is extremely variable across studies, and often unnecessarily long. Reduced delays are associated with genotypic testing and ambulatory treatment settings.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

107.

Self-administered Versus Directly Observed Once-Weekly Isoniazid and Rifapentine Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Randomized Trial.

Author: BelknapRobert, HollandDavid, FengPei-Jean, MilletJoan-Pau, CaylàJoan A, MartinsonNeil A, WrightAlicia, ChenMichael P, MoroRuth N, ScottNigel A, ArevaloBert, MiróJosé M, VillarinoMargarita E, WeinerMarc, BorisovAndrey S,

Self-administered treatment
Treatment completion
Noninferiority criteria

Self-administered once-weekly isoniazid and rifapentine for latent tuberculosis infection is a viable alternative to directly observed therapy, particularly in the United States. In a randomized clinical trial, self-administration without reminders was noninferior to directly observed therapy. Treatment completion rates were 87.2% with direct observation, 74.0% with self-administration, and 76.4% with self-administration and reminders. Self-administration without reminders was the only group that met noninferiority criteria.

Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

108.

SIRCLE: a randomised controlled cost comparison of self-administered short-course isoniazid and rifapentine for cost-effective latent tuberculosis eradication.

Author: DenholmJustin T, McBrydeEmma S, EisenDamon, StreetAlan, MatchettElizabeth, ChenCaroline, ShultzThomas Ray, BiggsBeverly, LederKarin

Reduced hepatotoxicity
Shorter treatment duration

This research examines the cost-effectiveness of a 3-month course of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP) compared to a 9-month course of daily isoniazid (9H) for treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Australia.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

109.

[The effectiveness of individualized treatment regimen on smear-positive retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis with mono- and poly-drug resistance].

Author: LiuY H, GaoW W, LiL, DuJ, MaY, ShuW, LyuX Y, XieS H, WangH H, ChenT

Improved TB treatment

Individualized treatment regimens for patients with smear-positive, drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis resulted in higher cure (73.3%) and success (80.2%) rates compared to standardized treatment (50% and 62.2%, respectively). Intensified retreatment regimens also demonstrated high cure (76.7%) and success (84.9%) rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Chinese

110.

Quality of reporting of outcomes in phase III studies of pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review.

Author: BonnettLaura Jayne, Ken-DrorGie, DaviesGeraint Rhys

New drugs
TB treatment
Drug resistance

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health problem worldwide, despite decades of research. Current treatments require multiple medications taken for long periods. New drugs are needed to shorten treatment time, reduce resistance, and minimize side effects. Before developing new drugs, a thorough understanding of existing research is crucial to improve the process.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

111.

A systematic review of adverse events of rifapentine and isoniazid compared to other treatments for latent tuberculosis infection.

Author: PeaseChristopher, HuttonBrian, YazdiFatemeh, WolfeDianna, HamelCandyce, BarbeauPauline, SkidmoreBecky, AlvarezGonzalo G

Reduced adverse events
TB treatment
Adverse events

This study aimed to compare the rates of adverse events associated with the INH/RPT-3 regimen for treating latent TB infection (LTBI) with other LTBI regimens, including INH for 9 months, INH for 6 months, rifampin for 3 to 4 months, and rifampin plus INH for 3 to 4 months.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

112.

Comparison of different treatments for isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Author: FregoneseFederica, AhujaShama D, AkkermanOnno W, Arakaki-SanchezDenise, AyakakaIrene, BaghaeiParvaneh, BangDidi, BastosMayara, BenedettiAndrea, BonnetMaryline, CattamanchiAdithya, CegielskiPeter, ChienJung-Yien, CoxHelen, DedicoatMartin, ErkensConnie, EscalantePatricio, FalzonDennis, Garcia-PratsAnthony J, GegiaMedea, GillespieStephen H, GlynnJudith R, GoldbergStefan, GriffithDavid, JacobsonKaren R, JohnstonJames C, Jones-LópezEdward C, KhanAwal, KohWon-Jung, KritskiAfranio, LanZhi Yi, LeeJae Ho, LiPei Zhi, MacielEthel L, GalliezRafael Mello, MerleCorinne S C, MunangMelinda, NarendranGopalan, NguyenViet Nhung, NunnAndrew, OhkadoAkihiro, ParkJong Sun, PhillipsPatrick P J, PonnurajaChinnaiyan, RevesRandall, RomanowskiKamila, SeungKwonjune, SchaafH Simon, SkrahinaAlena, SoolingenDick van, TabarsiPayam, TrajmanAnete, TrieuLisa, BanurekhaVelayutham V, ViikleppPiret, WangJann-Yuan, YoshiyamaTakashi, MenziesDick

TB treatment
Drug resistance

This study compared the success rates, mortality, and acquired rifampicin resistance in patients with INH-resistant, rifampicin-susceptible (INH-R) pulmonary tuberculosis treated with different durations of rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide (REZ), a fluoroquinolone plus 6 months or more of REZ, and streptomycin plus a core regimen of REZ.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

113.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of adjunctive corticosteroids in the treatment of tuberculous pericarditis.

Author: GeorgeI A, ThomasB, SadhuJ S

Improved TB pericarditis treatment

Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause of pericarditis worldwide, and carries a high mortality rate even with effective TB treatment. A 2014 randomized control trial led to revised guidelines recommending against the routine use of corticosteroids for TB-related pericarditis.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

114.

Interventions to improve adherence to tuberculosis treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: MüllerA M, OsórioC S, SilvaD R, SbruzziG, de TarsoP, DalcinRoth

TB cure rate
Treatment adherence

Directly observed treatment (DOTS) and patient education/counselling significantly improved cure rates for tuberculosis (TB) patients. DOTS, patient education/counselling, and financial incentives also reduced the default rate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

115.

Treatment and outcomes in children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis.

Author: HarauszElizabeth P, Garcia-PratsAnthony J, LawStephanie, SchaafH Simon, KredoTamara, SeddonJames A, MenziesDick, TurkovaAnna, AcharJay, AmanullahFarhana, BarryPennan, BecerraMercedes, ChanEdward D, ChanPei Chun, Ioana ChiotanDomnica, CrossaAldo, DrobacPeter C, FairlieLee, FalzonDennis, FloodJennifer, GegiaMedea, HicksRobert M, IsaakidisPetros, KadriS M, KampmannBeate, MadhiShabir A, MaraisElse, MariandyshevAndrei, Méndez-EchevarríaAna, MooreBrittany Kathryn, NargizaParpieva, OzereIveta, PadayatchiNesri, Ur-RehmanSaleem-, RybakNatasha, Santiago-GarciaBegoña, ShahN Sarita, SharmaSangeeta, ShimTae Sun, SkrahinaAlena, Soriano-ArandesAntoni, van den BoomMartin, van der WerfMarieke J, van der WerfTjip S, WilliamsBhanu, YablokovaElena, YimJae-Joon, FurinJennifer, HesselingAnneke C,

Treatment success

Children with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) responded favorably to treatment, but those infected with HIV who did not receive antiretroviral treatment (ART) had a low success rate.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

116.

Safety and Side Effects of Rifampin versus Isoniazid in Children.

Author: DialloThierno, AdjobimeyMenonli, RuslamiRovina, TrajmanAnete, SowOumou, Obeng BaahJoseph, MarksGuy B, LongRichard, ElwoodKevin, ZielinskiDavid, GninafonMartin, WulandariDiah A, AprianiLika, ValiquetteChantal, FregoneseFederica, HornbyKaren, LiPei-Zhi, HillPhilip C, SchwartzmanKevin, BenedettiAndrea, MenziesDick

Latent TB infection treatment
Rifampin
Poor adherence
Toxic effects

Treating latent tuberculosis (TB) infection in children is important because it can turn into a serious illness. The current standard treatment, nine months of isoniazid, has problems with people not taking their medication and side effects. A shorter four-month treatment with rifampin has been shown to be safer and have better completion rates in adults.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Equivalence TrialA clinical trial designed to show that a new treatment is equivalent in efficacy/safety to an existing treatment.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

117.

Treatment correlates of successful outcomes in pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis.

Author: , AhmadNafees, AhujaShama D, AkkermanOnno W, AlffenaarJan-Willem C, AndersonLaura F, BaghaeiParvaneh, BangDidi, BarryPennan M, BastosMayara L, BeheraDigamber, BenedettiAndrea, BissonGregory P, BoereeMartin J, BonnetMaryline, BrodeSarah K, BrustJames C M, CaiYing, CaumesEric, CegielskiJ Peter, CentisRosella, ChanPei-Chun, ChanEdward D, ChangKwok-Chiu, CharlesMacarthur, CiruleAndra, DalcolmoMargareth Pretti, D'AmbrosioLia, de VriesGerard, DhedaKeertan, EsmailAliasgar, FloodJennifer, FoxGregory J, Fréchet-JachymMathilde, FregonaGeisa, GayosoRegina, GegiaMedea, GlerMaria Tarcela, GuSue, GuglielmettiLorenzo, HoltzTimothy H, HughesJennifer, IsaakidisPetros, JarlsbergLeah, KempkerRussell R, KeshavjeeSalmaan, KhanFaiz Ahmad, KipianiMaia, KoenigSerena P, KohWon-Jung, KritskiAfranio, KuksaLiga, KvasnovskyCharlotte L, KwakNakwon, LanZhiyi, LangeChristoph, Laniado-LaborínRafael, LeeMyungsun, LeimaneVaira, LeungChi-Chiu, LeungEric Chung-Ching, LiPei Zhi, LowenthalPhil, MacielEthel L, MarksSuzanne M, MaseSundari, MbuagbawLawrence, MiglioriGiovanni B, MilanovVladimir, MillerAnn C, MitnickCarole D, ModongoChawangwa, MohrErika, MonederoIgnacio, NahidPayam, NdjekaNorbert, O'DonnellMax R, PadayatchiNesri, PalmeroDomingo, PapeJean William, PodewilsLaura J, ReynoldsIan, RiekstinaVija, RobertJérôme, RodriguezMaria, SeaworthBarbara, SeungKwonjune J, SchnippelKathryn, ShimTae Sun, SinglaRupak, SmithSarah E, SotgiuGiovanni, SukhbaatarGanzaya, TabarsiPayam, TiberiSimon, TrajmanAnete, TrieuLisa, UdwadiaZarir F, van der WerfTjip S, VezirisNicolas, ViikleppPiret, VilbrunStalz Charles, WalshKathleen, WestenhouseJanice, YewWing-Wai, YimJae-Joon, ZetolaNicola M, ZignolMatteo, MenziesDick

Improved treatment success
Increased mortality

Linezolid, later-generation fluoroquinolones, bedaquiline, clofazimine, and carbapenems show promise for treating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. More research is needed to establish the optimal combination and duration of these drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

118.

Substitution of ethambutol with linezolid during the intensive phase of treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective, multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial.

Author: LeeJung-Kyu, LeeJi Yeon, KimDeog Kyeom, YoonHo Il, JeongIna, HeoEun Young, ParkYoung Sik, JoYong Suk, LeeJae Ho, ParkSung Soo, ParkJong Sun, KimJunghyun, LeeSang-Min, JohJoon-Sung, LeeChang-Hoon, LeeJinwoo, ChoiSun Mi, ParkJu-Hee, LeeSang Hoon, ChoYoung-Jae, LeeYeon Joo, KimSe Joong, KwakNakwon, HwangYong Ran, KimHyeonjeong, KiJongeun, LimJi Na, ChoiHyoung Sook, LeeMyungsun, SongTaeksun, KimHyun Su, HanJiyeon, AhnHeejung, HahnSeokyung, YimJae-Joon

Culture conversion
Treatment duration
Linezolid resistance

Short-term linezolid use did not show higher sputum culture conversion rates at 8 weeks in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis compared to ethambutol. However, safety and resistance data suggest potential for shortening treatment in drug-susceptible cases.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

119.

Prevalence and determinants of anti-tuberculosis treatment non-adherence in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: ZegeyeAbriham, DessieGetnet, WagnewFasil, GebrieAlemu, IslamSheikh Mohammed Shariful, TesfayeBekele, KirossDessalegn

TB non-adherence

This meta-analysis of 13 studies in Ethiopia evaluated the prevalence of non-adherence to tuberculosis treatment. The pooled prevalence was 21.29%. Forgetfulness, fear of side effects, long waiting times at healthcare facilities, and perceived distance to healthcare were identified as significant determinants of non-adherence. The study highlights the need for interventions to address these factors and improve medication adherence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

121.

[Adjunctive technologies in treatment of patients with urogenital tuberculosis].

Author: ShevchenkoS Yu, KulchavenyaE V

Quality of life improvement
Urogenital TB treatment efficiency

Adding deoxyribonucleate sodium to the treatment of patients with urogenital tuberculosis resulted in a significant increase in the efficiency of treatment, with a notable improvement in quality of life.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Russian

122.

Treatment outcomes of tuberculous meningitis in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: WangMing-Gui, LuoLan, ZhangYunxia, LiuXiangming, LiuLin, HeJian-Qing

Tuberculous meningitis death

Tuberculous meningitis has poor outcomes despite treatment, with high mortality rates, especially in patients with advanced stages of disease or HIV co-infection.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

123.

Bedaquiline, moxifloxacin, pretomanid, and pyrazinamide during the first 8 weeks of treatment of patients with drug-susceptible or drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis: a multicentre, open-label, partially randomised, phase 2b trial.

Author: TweedConor D, DawsonRodney, BurgerDivan A, ConradieAlmari, CrookAngela M, MendelCarl M, ConradieFrancesca, DiaconAndreas H, NtinginyaNyanda E, EverittDaniel E, HarakaFrederick, LiMengchun, van NiekerkChristo H, OkweraAlphonse, RassoolMohammed S, ReitherKlaus, SebeModulakgotla A, StaplesSuzanne, VariavaEbrahim, SpigelmanMelvin

Less toxic treatment
Shorter treatment
Simpler treatment

The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a new anti-tuberculosis treatment regimen involving bedaquiline, pretomanid, moxifloxacin, and pyrazinamide. The aim was to assess the bactericidal activity and safety profile of this combination in the first eight weeks of treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis, contributing to efforts to develop shorter, simpler, and less toxic treatment options for tuberculosis.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

124.

Shortened treatment regimens versus the standard regimen for drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis.

Author: GraceAngeline G, MittalAbhenil, JainSiddharth, TripathyJaya P, SatyanarayanaSrinath, TharyanPrathap, KirubakaranRichard

Tuberculosis treatment

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from infectious disease worldwide. The standard treatment for drug-sensitive TB in the lungs is a six-month course of medications. Many people don't complete the full course of treatment. Research is looking for shorter and equally effective treatments for TB.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

125.

Factors predictive of the success of tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

Author: Chaves TorresNinfa Marlen, Quijano RodríguezJecxy Julieth, Porras AndradePablo Sebastián, ArriagaMaría Belen, NettoEduardo Martins

TB treatment success

The success rate of TB treatment at the global level was good, but below the desired threshold of 85%. Factors such as age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking, lack of sputum conversion at two months of treatment, and HIV affected treatment success.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

126.

Guidelines for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Recommendations from the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association and CDC, 2020.

Author: SterlingTimothy R, NjieGibril, ZennerDominik, CohnDavid L, RevesRandall, AhmedAmina, MenziesDick, HorsburghC Robert, CraneCharles M, BurgosMarcos, LoBuePhilip, WinstonCarla A, BelknapRobert

LTBI treatment
Hepatotoxicity risk

These updated guidelines recommend three preferred rifamycin-based regimens and two alternative monotherapy regimens for treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in the United States. The preferred regimens are 3 months of once-weekly isoniazid plus rifapentine, 4 months of daily rifampin, or 3 months of daily isoniazid plus rifampin. The two alternative regimens are daily isoniazid for 6 or 9 months. The shorter rifamycin-based regimens are preferred due to their effectiveness, safety, and higher treatment completion rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

127.

Ultrasound in managing extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled two-center study.

Author: NdegeRobert, NgomeOmary, BaniFarida, TembaYvan, WilsonHerieth, VanobberghenFiona, HellaJerry, GingoWinfrid, SasamaloMohamed, MnzavaDorcas, KimeraNamvua, HizaHelen, WigayiJohn, MapesiHerry, KatoIrene B, MhimbiraFrancis, ReitherKlaus, BattegayManuel, ParisDaniel H, WeisserMaja, RohacekMartin

Tuberculosis diagnosis
Overtreatment of tuberculosis

A randomized controlled trial is being conducted to determine whether a management algorithm including extended focused assessment of sonography for HIV and tuberculosis (eFASH) can increase the proportion of correctly managed patients with clinically suspected extrapulmonary tuberculosis, thus reducing overtreatment with anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

128.

Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Outcome in the Littoral Region of Cameroon: A Meta-analysis of Treatment Success Rate between 2014 and 2016.

Author: Kouemo MotseDorgelesse F, NsaghaDickson Shey, AdiogoDieudonné, Kojom FokoLoick P, TeyimPride M, Chichom-MefireAlain, Nguedia AssobJules C

ARV
CTX
TB control

This study analyzed data on the outcome of anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment in the Littoral Region of Cameroon from 2014 to 2016. Treatment success rates were lower for HIV-infected TB patients compared to their HIV-negative counterparts. The study highlights the need to improve control of TB in Cameroon by reducing lost to follow-up and increasing coverage with antiretroviral and anti-tuberculosis therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

129.

Influence of Micronutrient Consumption by Tuberculosis Patients on the Sputum Conversion Rate: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study.

Author: MachmudPutri Bungsu, DjuwitaRatna, GayatriDwi, KhairaniNurul, PutraWahyu K Y, RonoatmodjoSudarto

Tuberculosis treatment

Infectious diseases, like tuberculosis, are a major global health challenge. Treating tuberculosis successfully depends on several factors, including taking medication for the full length of time, following the treatment plan carefully, using more than three effective drugs, creating a personalized treatment plan, and making sure the patient's weight and nutrition are good.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

130.

A systemic review on tuberculosis.

Author: NatarajanArvind, BeenaP M, DevnikarAnushka V, MaliSagar

TB treatment

Tuberculosis (TB) is an ancient and deadly disease that remains a major health threat, especially in low-income communities. This review provides information about TB, including its history, how it spreads, how it affects the body, and its symptoms. The review also describes different diagnostic tests for TB, various treatment options, including for drug-resistant forms, and newer medications. The aim of this review is to raise awareness and understanding of TB to help combat this disease.

Historical ArticleA research paper that analyzes past events and developments using primary sources and examines them from a historical perspective.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

131.

Refining MDR-TB treatment regimens for ultra short therapy (TB-TRUST): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: WengTaoping, SunFeng, LiYang, ChenJiazhen, ChenXinchang, LiRong, GeShijia, ZhaoYanlin, ZhangWenhong

MDR-TB treatment
Drug resistance

This review highlights the need for precision treatments guided by drug susceptibility testing (DST) for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) to optimize treatment outcome and minimize resistance amplification.

Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

132.

Dynamics of sputum conversion during effective tuberculosis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: CalderwoodClaire J, WilsonJames P, FieldingKatherine L, HarrisRebecca C, KaratAaron S, MansukhaniRaoul, FalconerJane, BergstromMalin, JohnsonSarah M, McCreeshNicky, MonkEdward J M, OdayarJasantha, ScottPeter J, StokesSarah A, TheodorouHannah, MooreDavid A J

TB treatment

This World Health Organization-commissioned review investigated the clearance of potentially infectious tuberculous mycobacteria in sputum during TB treatment. The current recommendation of two weeks of isolation for individuals starting TB treatment is based on limited evidence.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

133.

Pretomanid for tuberculosis: a systematic review.

Author: GilsTinne, LynenLutgarde, de JongBouke C, Van DeunArmand, DecrooTom

Favorable outcomes
Pretomanid efficacy
Hepatotoxicity
Linezolid toxicity

Pretomanid, a novel anti-tuberculosis drug, shows promise for treatment of rifampicin-resistant and highly resistant tuberculosis. Studies demonstrate efficacy in early bactericidal activity, bactericidal activity, and end-of-treatment outcomes. However, serious hepatotoxic adverse events have been reported, including three deaths.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

134.

Duration and determinants of delayed tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in high-burden countries: a mixed-methods systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: TeoAlvin Kuo Jing, SinghShweta R, PremKiesha, HsuLi Yang, YiSiyan

TB diagnosis improvement

This study aims to understand the duration and determinants of delayed diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary TB in high TB-burden countries, which account for 87% of global TB cases. Delayed diagnosis and treatment hinder prognosis and perpetuate TB transmission.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

135.

Protective efficacy of 6-week regimen for latent tuberculosis infection treatment in rural China: 5-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial.

Author: XinHenan, CaoXuefang, ZhangHaoran, FengBoxuan, DuYing, ZhangBin, WangDakuan, LiuZisen, GuanLing, ShenFei, GuanXueling, YanJiaoxia, HeYijun, HeYongpeng, QuanZhusheng, PanShouguo, LiuJianmin, JinQi, GaoLei

TB preventive treatment

This article discusses the importance of expanding tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment among at-risk populations. The End TB Strategy emphasizes the need for developing effective tools for diagnosing and treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), which is crucial for achieving global TB control.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

136.

Randomized Trial of Metformin With Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs for Early Sputum Conversion in Adults With Pulmonary Tuberculosis.

Author: PadmapriydarsiniChandrasekaran, MamulwarMegha, MohanAnant, ShanmugamPrema, GomathyN S, ManeAarti, SinghUrvashi B, PavankumarNathella, KadamAbhijeet, KumarHemanth, SureshChandra, ReddyDevaraju, DeviPoornaganga, RameshP M, SekarLakshmanan, JawaharShaheed, ShandilR K, SinghManjula, MenonJaykumar, GuleriaRandeep

Reduced inflammation
Reduced time to conversion

This study investigates the potential of metformin as an adjunctive therapy to anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The study aims to determine if metformin can shorten the time to sputum culture conversion and reduce tissue inflammation.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

137.

Multicomponent Strategy with Decentralized Molecular Testing for Tuberculosis.

Author: CattamanchiAdithya, RezaTania F, NalugwaTalemwa, AdamsKatherine, NantaleMariam, OyukuDenis, NabwireSarah, BabiryeDiana, TuryahabweStavia, TuckerAustin, SohnHojoon, FergusonOlivia, ThompsonRyan, ShetePriya B, HandleyMargaret A, AckermanSara, JolobaMoses, MooreDavid A J, DavisJ Lucian, DowdyDavid W, FieldingKatherine, KatambaAchilles

Increased tuberculosis testing
Increased tuberculosis treatment

A multicomponent diagnostic strategy for tuberculosis, including on-site molecular testing, guided clinic workflow restructuring, and monthly feedback of quality metrics, was more effective than routine care in Uganda. This intervention resulted in a greater number of patients being tested, diagnosed, and treated for confirmed tuberculosis within 14 days of presenting to the health center.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

138.

Bedaquiline-containing regimens and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: HatamiHossein, SotgiuGiovanni, BostanghadiriNarjess, AbadiSahel Shafiee Dolat, MesgarpourBita, GoudarziHossein, MiglioriGiovanni Battista, NasiriMohammad Javad

High success rate

Bedaquiline-based regimens showed high culture conversion and treatment success rates in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), even in cases of extensive resistance.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

139.

TB-PRACTECAL: study protocol for a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase II-III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of regimens containing bedaquiline and pretomanid for the treatment of adult patients with pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

Author: BerryCatherine, du CrosPhilipp, FieldingKatherine, GajewskiSuzanne, KazounisEmil, McHughTimothy D, MerleCorinne, MottaIlaria, MooreDavid A J, Nyang'waBern-Thomas

Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis treatment

Around 460,000 people worldwide are diagnosed with tuberculosis that is resistant to rifampicin, a common TB medication. Current treatments are long, often lasting 9-24 months, and can have serious side effects. This study highlights the need for shorter, less toxic, and more effective treatments for this type of tuberculosis.

Clinical Trial ProtocolA plan for conducting a clinical trial. It describes in detail the purpose, design, methodology, and statistical considerations of the trial, ensuring the transparency and consistency of the trial.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIA Phase II trial is a trial that further evaluates the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose safety has been confirmed to some extent in a Phase I trial, in a small number of patients.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

140.

Impacts of clofazimine on the treatment outcomes of drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Author: WangMing-Gui, LiuXiang-Min, WuShou-Quan, HeJian-Qing

Improved treatment completion
Reduced treatment failure

Clofazimine is a promising drug for the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. It was associated with higher rates of treatment completion and cure, and a lower risk of treatment failure.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

141.

Bedaquiline-Pretomanid-Linezolid Regimens for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.

Author: ConradieFrancesca, BagdasaryanTatevik R, BorisovSergey, HowellPauline, MikiashviliLali, NgubaneNosipho, SamoilovaAnastasia, SkornykovaSergey, TudorElena, VariavaEbrahim, YablonskiyPetr, EverittDaniel, WillsGenevieve H, SunEugene, OlugbosiMorounfolu, EgiziErica, LiMengchun, HolstaAlda, TimmJuliano, BatesonAnna, CrookAngela M, FabianeStella M, HuntRobert, McHughTimothy D, TweedConor D, ForaidaSalah, MendelCarl M, SpigelmanMelvin,

Drug-resistant TB efficacy
Adverse events

This study aimed to determine the appropriate dose and duration of linezolid treatment to minimize toxic effects while maintaining efficacy against highly drug-resistant tuberculosis in the bedaquiline-pretomanid-linezolid regimen.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

143.

Prevalence and predictive factors of tuberculosis treatment interruption in the Asia region: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: OhAi Ling, Makmor-BakryMohd, IslahudinFarida, WongIan Ck

TB care improvement

The pooled prevalence of TB treatment interruption in Asian countries was 17%, with the highest prevalence in Southern Asia (22%). Male gender, employment, alcohol intake, smoking, HIV-positive status, adverse drug reactions, and previously treated cases were identified as predictors for treatment interruption.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

144.

Factors Associated with the Abandonment of Tuberculosis Treatment in Brazil: A Systematic Review.

Author: LucenaLarissa Araújo de, DantasGabriela Bezerra da Silva, CarneiroTaynara Vieira, LacerdaHênio Godeiro

Reduced treatment dropout
HIV co-infection
Socioeconomic factors
Substance abuse

This systematic review investigated the factors associated with tuberculosis (TB) treatment dropout in Brazil. Significant risk factors associated with TB treatment dropout include male sex, black race/ethnicity, age between 19 and 49 years, HIV co-infection, low education, use of alcohol and illicit drugs, and unsupervised treatment.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

145.

Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in incarcerated people: a systematic review.

Author: MatucciTommaso, RiccardiNiccolò, OcchineriSara, PontarelliAgostina, TiseoGiusy, FalconeMarco, PuciMariangela, SaderiLaura, SotgiuGiovanni

LTBI treatment

There are over 11 million people in prisons worldwide, creating a high risk for tuberculosis (TB) transmission. Individuals in prison are also more likely to develop TB due to other risk factors. Treatment for latent TB infection (LTBI) can take up to 9 months and often has side effects, leading to low completion rates.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

146.

Favorable outcome of individual regimens containing bedaquiline and delamanid in drug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review.

Author: PutraOki Nugraha, YulistianiYulistiani, SoedarsonoSoedarsono, SubaySusi

DR-TB treatment

Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a serious health problem that's difficult to treat. New drugs like bedaquiline and delamanid have shown promise in treating DR-TB, leading to better outcomes for patients, including reduced mortality and faster recovery.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

148.

Efficacy and safety of different regimens in the treatment of patients with latent tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: AssefaDawit Getachew, BedruAhmed, ZelekeEden Dagnachew, NegashSolomon Emiru, DebelaDejene Tolossa, MollaWondowsen, MengistuNebiyu, WoldesenbetTigist Tekle, BedaneNeway Fekede, KajogooViolet Dismas, AtimMary Gorret, ManyazewalTsegahun

Prevents progression to TB disease

Treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is effective in preventing the progression to TB disease. This study aims to review the evidence on the efficacy, adherence, and safety of LTBI treatment to help policymakers create effective national treatment policies and protocols.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

149.

Global treatment outcomes of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: PedersenOle Skouvig, HolmgaardFreja Breth, MikkelsenMads Kristian Duborg, LangeChristoph, SotgiuGiovanni, LillebaekTroels, AndersenAase Bengaard, WejseChristian Morberg, DahlVictor Naestholt

Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment

This study estimates the proportion of patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) globally who achieved successful treatment outcomes. XDR-TB is a serious and difficult-to-treat form of tuberculosis.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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