Effective treatment of depression: A Synthesis of Findings from 158 Studies

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Original Abstract of the Article

Major research findings

Depression is a common and serious condition that affects many people worldwide. 155 suggests that CBT-based self-help treatment can be effective for patients with mild to moderate depression symptoms. 77 shows that group psychological therapies can be effective in the treatment of depression. 147 suggests that assessing depression symptoms is essential for understanding prognosis in adults. 110 explores why the prevalence of depression has not changed. 36 suggests that remission should be the treatment target for both depression and anxiety disorders. 47 indicates that combining psychotherapy with medication may be more effective than medication alone in treating acute depression. 140 suggests that medication and psychotherapy may be less effective for patients with comorbid disorders. 136 indicates that there is a lack of evidence for the most appropriate 'next step' treatment for patients with treatment-resistant depression. 152 evaluates current evidence for combined approaches for people with early-stage treatment-resistant depression. 143 suggests that both CBT and ACT can be effective long-term treatments for depression. 153 evaluates psychological interventions to prevent relapse in anxiety and depression. 49 suggests that behavioral activation and cognitive therapy can be as effective as medication in preventing relapse in depression. 66 describes research on the combination of cognitive therapy and medication for preventing relapse. 60 compares brief cognitive behavioral therapy with general practitioners' care for depression in primary care. 126 evaluates the effectiveness of smartphone-based cognitive behavioral therapy as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for refractory depression. 150 evaluates the effectiveness of augmenting cognitive behavioral therapy with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for depression. 70 compares the effectiveness and relapse prevention of cognitive therapy and interpersonal therapy for depression. 42 compares the effect of quetiapine and lithium in augmenting treatment-resistant depression. 103 compares cognitive behavioral therapy, sertraline, and combination therapy for treating postnatal depression. 113 compares the effects of sertraline and duloxetine on the severity and symptoms of major depression. 26 compares the effects of fluoxetine, imipramine, and placebo on personality in atypical depression. 27 explains the need for research on treatment for adolescents with depression. 63 compares interpersonal counseling and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for depression in primary care. 127 analyzes the relationship between early improvement and response to antidepressant medications in adults with major depressive disorder. 72 compares the effectiveness of the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) and supportive psychotherapy for early-onset chronic depression. 102 evaluates the evidence for the effectiveness, quality of life, and acceptability outcomes of atypical antipsychotic augmentation treatment for treatment-resistant depression. 37 compares two interventions to improve the treatment of major depression in primary care. 100 analyzes the role of pill-taking, expectations, and therapeutic alliance in the placebo response in clinical trials for major depressive disorder. 101 evaluates online and social networking interventions for the treatment of depression in young people. 83 evaluates interventions for preventing relapse and recurrence of a depressive disorder in children and adolescents. 99 analyzes childhood depression subscales using repeated sessions on the Children's Depression Rating Scale - revised (CDRS-R) scores. 3 analyzes patterns of attrition for psychosocial and pharmacologic treatments of depression. 75 analyzes the process of change in psychotherapy for depression. 141 evaluates the effectiveness of alternative interventions in the treatment of depressive symptoms.

Treatment summary

Research has explored various approaches for treating depression. 155 suggests that CBT-based self-help treatment can be effective. 77 indicates that group psychological therapies are effective. 143 suggests that CBT and ACT can have long-term effects. 18 suggests the effectiveness of antidepressants with different mechanisms of action than SSRIs. 35 evaluates the effectiveness of an educational program for coping with depression. 144 evaluates the effectiveness of antidepressants for postnatal depression. 136 indicates that there is a lack of evidence for the most appropriate 'next step' treatment for patients with treatment-resistant depression. 57 evaluates the effectiveness of milnacipran, an antidepressant. 127 analyzes the relationship between early improvement and response to antidepressant medications. 102 evaluates the evidence for the effectiveness, quality of life, and acceptability outcomes of atypical antipsychotic augmentation treatment for treatment-resistant depression. 113 compares the effects of sertraline and duloxetine on the severity and symptoms of major depression. 26 compares the effects of fluoxetine, imipramine, and placebo on personality in atypical depression.

Benefits and risks

Benefits summary

Research suggests that there are various effective ways to treat depression. CBT-based self-help treatment, group psychological therapies, cognitive therapy, and behavioral therapy can improve depression symptoms and prevent relapse. Antidepressants are also effective treatments, but their side effects need to be considered.

Risks summary

Antidepressant side effects can include nausea, headache, loss of appetite, weight gain, and sexual dysfunction. Psychotherapy can also worsen symptoms, so it should be considered carefully.

Comparison between studies

Commonalities between studies

Many studies suggest that both medication and psychotherapy can be effective in treating depression. There is a shared understanding that assessing depression symptoms is essential for understanding prognosis.

Differences between studies

Studies show variations in effective treatments and treatment effectiveness. It can be difficult to compare results due to differences in study populations and methodologies.

Consistency and contradictions in results

Many studies suggest that both medication and psychotherapy can be effective in treating depression, but some studies show limited treatment effectiveness. These contradictions can be explained by differences in study populations and methodologies.

Implications for real-life application

Depression treatment options vary depending on the individual. It is essential to consider a patient's symptoms and lifestyle when choosing a treatment approach. Consulting a doctor before starting any treatment is crucial.

Limitations of current research

Research on depression is still evolving. More research is needed to clarify the best treatments and preventative measures for depression.

Future research directions

Future research should focus on assessing depression symptoms, comparing treatment methods, and conducting long-term follow-up studies on treatment effectiveness. Research on preventing depression is also essential.

Conclusion

Depression is a serious condition affecting many people worldwide. However, research suggests that various effective treatments are available for depression. It is crucial to consult a doctor when choosing a treatment approach.

Treatment list

CBT-based self-help treatment, Group psychological therapies, Cognitive therapy, Behavioral therapy, Medication, Antidepressants, Educational programs, Interpersonal counseling, Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Combination therapy

Keywords
Benefit Keywords
Improved mood
Improved personal productivity
Improved social activity
2
Depression treatment
3
Reduced depression
4
Improved depression
5
Improved depression outcomes
6
Improved understanding of postpsychotic depression treatment
8
Effective treatment
Reduced depression
9
Lower relapse rate
Reduced residual symptoms
10
Effective treatment
Reduced depressive symptoms
11
Effective depression treatment
12
Depression relief
13
Improved depression treatment
14
Depression reduction
Improved therapeutic response
15
Improved depression treatment
16
Improved depression
Improved social functioning
17
Antidepressant efficacy
Depression treatment
18
Improved understanding of dysthymia treatment
19
Depression prevention
20
Psychological interventions
Social support
21
Effective maintenance treatment
Prevention of relapse
22
Depression treatment
23
Depression treatment
24
Effective treatment of depression
Improved outcomes with good therapeutic alliance
25
Effective treatment of atypical depression
26
Effective treatment of MDD in youth
27
Effective depression treatment
Improved activities of daily living
Reduced behavior disturbance
28
Increased remission rates
Reduced relapse rates
29
Depression treatment
30
Effective treatment of postpartum depression
Prevention of postpartum depression
31
Depression treatment
32
Improved depression symptoms
Improved pain symptoms
33
Reduced depression symptoms
Reduced suicidal thinking
34
Improved unipolar depression
35
Treatment of depression and anxiety
36
Depression treatment
37
Faster remission
38
Depression reduction
39
Depression reduction
40
Post-stroke depression treatment
41
Treatment-resistant depression
42
Improved depression treatment
43
Improved depressive disorder treatment
Improved quality of life
44
Improved depression
45
Improved family functioning
Reduced depression
46
Improved major depressive disorder treatment
47
Improved global functioning
Reduced depressive symptoms
48
Improved major depression treatment
49
Treatment recovery
51
MDD treatment efficacy
52
Depression treatment
53
Depression treatment
54
Faster recovery
Improved depression
Reduced symptoms
56
Antidepressant effect
57
Improved MDD
58
Reduced relapse risk with continuation phase CT
59
Depressive disorder treatment
60
Depression treatment
61
Chronic depression treatment
62
Depression treatment
63
Depression treatment
64
Depression management
65
Recurrent MDD treatment
66
Improved depression treatment
67
Depressive symptom reduction
68
Depression treatment
69
Major depression treatment
70
Depression treatment
71
Treatment of chronic depression
72
Psychotherapy cancer
73
Early antidepressant switch
74
Improved depression treatment
75
Treatment of major depressive disorder
76
Improved depression
77
Treatment of depression
78
Treatment of long-term depression
79
Suicidal ideation reduction
80
Improved subthreshold depression treatment
81
VNS effective for TRD
82
Depression relapse prevention
83
Depression treatment
84
Depression treatment
85
None
86
Depression treatment
87
Group intervention
88
CBT effectiveness
Schema Therapy
89
Internet-based treatment
90
Improved depression
91
Depression treatment
92
MDD treatment
93
TRD treatment
94
rTMS
95
Cost-effective
Reduce depressive symptoms
96
Acupuncture
Counselling
97
Behavior therapy
98
Early-onset depression treatment
99
Medication
Placebo
Supportive care
100
Online interventions
101
TRD treatment
102
Postpartum depression treatment
103
Meditative practices
104
Cognitive intervention
105
Improved neurocognitive functioning
106
MDD treatment
107
Smartphone-based CBT for depression
Switching antidepressants
108
Sub-threshold depression treatment
109
MDE reduction
110
Psychoeducation for relatives
111
MBCT for depression
112
Depression reduction
113
Depression prevention
114
Depression treatment
115
Improved depression symptoms
Improved function
116
Improved treatment response
Reduced depression severity
117
Improved response and remission rates
Reduced depression severity
118
ISTDP treatment
Partial remission
Remission
119
Moderating effect of treatment preferences
120
Depression treatment
121
Affordable
Effective MDD treatment
Simple
122
Treatment-resistant depression
123
Depression treatment
125
Accessibility
Improved depression
126
Improved MDD treatment
127
Complete remission
Improved response
128
Reduced depression
129
Depression treatment
Psychosocial functioning
130
Depression treatment
131
Improved depression treatment
133
Improved depression treatment
134
Improved depression treatment
135
Improved TRD treatment
136
Improved depression treatment
137
Depression treatment
138
Depression treatment
139
MDD treatment
140
Improved depression treatment
141
Psilocybin for MDD
142
CBT and ACT for MDD
143
Postnatal depression treatment
144
Major depressive disorder treatment
145
CT and IPT for depression
146
Depression treatment
147
TRD treatment
148
Amisulpride for depressive symptoms
149
MDD treatment
Safe and feasible
150
CT and IPT for depression
151
MDD treatment
152
Psychological relapse prevention interventions for anxiety disorders and MDD
153
Depression treatment
154
Depression improvement
Quality of life improvement
155
Depression treatment
156
Reduced relapse of depression
157
Depression treatment
158
Risk Keywords
Side effects
Unnecessary costs
1
Methodological limitations
Time constraints
13
Antidepressant safety
21
Relapse
Withdrawal symptoms
22
Unclear impact on personality dimensions
26
Partial response
Relapse
27
Paucity of medication trials
31
Insomnia
33
None reported
38
Attrition
39
Depression
43
Depressive disorder
44
Severe depression
45
Heterogeneous studies
Insufficient evidence
46
Major depressive disorder
47
Major depression
49
Relapse
51
Treatment non-specificity
52
High risk of bias
Limited evidence
68
Insufficient evidence
80
Anxious depression predicts worse outcomes
Non-randomized allocation
86
Low income countries
No treatment trials
88
Nonresponse to CBT
89
Infrequent psychological interventions
90
Depressive disorders
95
Long-term effectiveness
96
Depression
Pain
97
Breast cancer
Major depressive disorder
98
Major depressive disorder
100
Depression
101
Depressive disorders
104
Depression
Schizophrenia
105
Mixed samples
Small sample size
106
Heterogeneous sample
118
None mentioned
125
Limited context
126
TRD treatment
132
Further research needed
No superior efficacy
150
Dropout rates
155
Buprenorphine risks
156
Increased mania/hypomania
157
Low patient engagement
158
Literature analysis of 158 papers
Positive Content
147
Neutral Content
9
Negative Content
2
Article Type
111
27
34
28
158
1.

The outpatient treatment of depression. Implications of outcome research for clinical practice.

Author: WexlerB E, CicchettiD V

Side effects
Unnecessary costs

Individual psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, and combined treatment are all effective for depressed outpatients. However, combined treatment offers no advantage over psychotherapy alone and only a modest advantage over pharmacotherapy alone. Therefore, psychotherapy alone should generally be the initial treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

2.

Relative endurance of unipolar depression treatment effects: longitudinal follow-up.

Author: McLeanP D, HakstianA R

Improved mood
Improved personal productivity
Improved social activity

A follow-up study of 121 unipolar depressed outpatients found that behavior therapy resulted in significant improvements in mood, productivity, and social activity compared to other treatments.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

3.

Patterns of attrition for psychosocial and pharmacologic treatments of depression.

Author: LastC G, ThaseM E, HersenM, BellackA S, HimmelhochJ M

Depression treatment

A study of 125 women with depression found that those who prematurely stopped pharmacotherapy tended to have milder depression and were sensitive to medication side effects. In contrast, those who dropped out of psychosocial therapy were more severely depressed and dissatisfied with the lack of immediate improvement. The study suggests that short-term psychosocial interventions may be preferable to medication for milder forms of non-endogenous depression. However, antidepressant medication, alone or in combination with therapy, remains the preferred option for more severe melancholic depression.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

4.

Cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder in primary care.

Author: TeasdaleJ D, FennellM J, HibbertG A, AmiesP L

Reduced depression

A study of patients with major depressive disorder found that adding cognitive therapy to standard treatment significantly reduced depressive symptoms compared to treatment as usual.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

5.

Cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy. Singly and together in the treatment of depression.

Author: MurphyG E, SimonsA D, WetzelR D, LustmanP J

Improved depression

This study compared four treatment approaches for moderate to severe depression: cognitive therapy (CT), pharmacotherapy (antidepressant medication), CT plus pharmacotherapy, and CT plus placebo. All treatment groups showed significant improvement in depression symptoms after 12 weeks, with no significant difference in effectiveness between the groups. The positive effects of treatment were maintained at a one-month follow-up. This suggests that both CT and antidepressant medication can be effective in treating depression, and combining them does not provide additional benefit or negative effects.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

6.

A comparison of two modalities of cognitive therapy (individual and marital) in treating depression.

Author: TeichmanY, Bar-elZ, ShorH, SirotaP, ElizurA

Improved depression outcomes

A major research study (NIMH Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program) found that cognitive and interpersonal therapies were equally effective in treating depression. Interpersonal therapy was slightly more successful for people with more severe depression.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

7.

Initial severity and differential treatment outcome in the National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program.

Author: ElkinI, GibbonsR D, SheaM T, SotskyS M, WatkinsJ T, PilkonisP A, HedekerD

Initial severity of depression and impairment of functioning significantly predicted treatment effects for major depressive disorder. Active treatments showed greater differences for more severely ill patients, highlighting the importance of initial severity in treatment success.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

8.

Maintenance imipramine therapy for secondary depression in schizophrenia. A controlled trial.

Author: SirisS G, BermanzohnP C, MasonS E, ShuwallM A

Improved understanding of postpsychotic depression treatment

While studies have shown that antidepressants can be helpful for short-term treatment of postpsychotic depression, the effectiveness of using them long-term (maintenance) for this condition has not been well established.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

9.

Behavioral treatment of depression in patients with dementia.

Author: TeriL

Effective treatment
Reduced depression

This study explored the use of behavioral therapy to address depression in individuals with dementia. The therapy focuses on increasing positive interactions and events, maximizing cognitive abilities, and training caregivers in behavioral change and problem-solving techniques. Preliminary results from a controlled trial indicate that this behavioral approach effectively reduces depression in patients with Alzheimer's disease and also improves depression levels in their caregivers. The findings suggest that behavioral therapy is a promising treatment option for depression in dementia patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

10.

Cognitive behavioral treatment of residual symptoms in primary major depressive disorder.

Author: FavaG A, GrandiS, ZieleznyM, CanestrariR, MorphyM A

Lower relapse rate
Reduced residual symptoms

Cognitive behavioral treatment was more effective than clinical management in addressing the residual symptoms of depression after drug discontinuation.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

11.

Temporal course of change of depression.

Author: WatkinsJ T, LeberW R, ImberS D, CollinsJ F, ElkinI, PilkonisP A, SotskyS M, SheaM T, GlassD R

Effective treatment
Reduced depressive symptoms

This study compared the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), imipramine plus clinical management (IMI-CM), and a placebo plus clinical management for treating moderate to severe depression. IMI-CM showed the fastest improvement in depressive symptoms, outperforming other treatments at 8 and 12 weeks. The study found that only imipramine produced significant changes in the "endogenous" measure of depression, which is thought to be most directly affected by medication.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

12.

Imipramine treatment of alcoholics with primary depression: A placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Author: McGrathP J, NunesE V, StewartJ W, GoldmanD, AgostiV, Ocepek-WeliksonK, QuitkinF M

Effective depression treatment

Imipramine treatment is effective for primary depression among actively drinking alcoholic outpatients, and may improve alcoholic outcome for those whose depression responds to treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

13.

Acute and one-year outcome of a randomised controlled trial of brief cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder in primary care.

Author: ScottC, TacchiM J, JonesR, ScottJ

Depression relief
Methodological limitations
Time constraints

Brief cognitive therapy (BCT) added to usual treatment for major depressive disorder was more effective than usual treatment alone in the acute phase of the disorder, with 15 patients in the BCT group meeting recovery criteria compared to 8 in the control group. However, therapists need to be highly skilled in BCT for it to be effective in a primary care setting.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

14.

Prevention of recurrent depression with cognitive behavioral therapy: preliminary findings.

Author: FavaG A, RafanelliC, GrandiS, ContiS, BelluardoP

Improved depression treatment

This study aimed to determine whether cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) could effectively prevent relapse in individuals with recurrent depression (those who have experienced at least three episodes of depression). Previous research indicated that CBT was successful in reducing relapse rates in patients with primary (first-time) major depressive disorder after they had achieved remission through medication.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

15.

The treatment of chronic depression, part 2: a double-blind, randomized trial of sertraline and imipramine.

Author: KellerM B, GelenbergA J, HirschfeldR M, RushA J, ThaseM E, KocsisJ H, MarkowitzJ C, FawcettJ A, KoranL M, KleinD N, RussellJ M, KornsteinS G, McCulloughJ P, DavisS M, HarrisonW M

Depression reduction
Improved therapeutic response

Sertraline is better tolerated than imipramine for the treatment of chronic depression. In a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial, 52% of patients achieved a satisfactory therapeutic response to sertraline or imipramine. Patients treated with sertraline reported significantly fewer adverse events and were significantly less likely to discontinue treatment due to side effects than imipramine-treated patients (6.3% vs. 12.0%).

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

16.

Psychotherapy in two-plus-one sessions: outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic-interpersonal therapy for subsyndromal depression.

Author: BarkhamM, ShapiroD A, HardyG E, ReesA

Improved depression treatment

This study examined the effectiveness of a brief, three-session therapy model (2 sessions 1 week apart, followed by a 3rd session 3 months later) for 116 individuals with subsyndromal depression. Participants received either cognitive-behavioral (CB) or psychodynamic-interpersonal (PI) therapy, either immediately or after a 4-week delay. Overall, improvement rates were high, with 67% of those with stress-related symptoms, 72% of those with subclinical depression, and 65% of those with low-level clinical depression improving after treatment. While there were no significant differences between CB and PI at the end of treatment, at the one-year follow-up, CB showed a significant advantage in reducing depression scores. This suggests that even very brief interventions can be effective for subsyndromal depression, and that CB therapy may offer longer-term benefits.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

17.

Combined treatment for patients with double depression.

Author: MillerI W, NormanW H, KeitnerG I

Improved depression
Improved social functioning

This study found that combined treatment (pharmacotherapy + cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy) was more effective than pharmacotherapy alone in reducing depression and improving social functioning in patients with double depression at the end of treatment. However, no significant differences were observed at follow-up assessments.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

18.

Efficacy and safety of tianeptine in the treatment of depressive disorders in comparison with fluoxetine.

Author: LôoH, Saiz-RuizJ, Costa e Silva JACE, AnsseauM, HerringtonR, Vaz-SerraA, DillingH, de RisioS

Antidepressant efficacy
Depression treatment

Both tianeptine and fluoxetine showed good efficacy and safety in treating depression.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Clinical Trial, Phase IIIA Phase III trial is a trial that further rigorously verifies the efficacy and safety of a new drug or treatment, whose efficacy and safety have been confirmed in a Phase II trial, in a large number of patients, and evaluates whether it is superior to existing treatments.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

19.

Double-blind comparison of sertraline, imipramine, and placebo in the treatment of dysthymia: effects on personality.

Author: HellersteinD J, KocsisJ H, ChapmanD, StewartJ W, HarrisonW

Improved understanding of dysthymia treatment

While antidepressants have been shown to improve symptoms and functioning in people with dysthymia (chronic depression), the impact of these medications on personality traits has not been systematically studied.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

20.

Prophylactic effect of citalopram in unipolar, recurrent depression: placebo-controlled study of maintenance therapy.

Author: HochstrasserB, IsaksenP M, KoponenH, LauritzenL, MahnertF A, RouillonF, WadeA G, AndersenM, PedersenS F, SwartJ C, NilR

Depression prevention

Citalopram (20, 40, and 60 mg) is effective in preventing depressive recurrences in patients with recurrent unipolar major depression.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

21.

Antidepressant drug treatment for postnatal depression.

Author: HoffbrandS, HowardL, CrawleyH

Psychological interventions
Social support
Antidepressant safety

This study highlights the significant impact of postnatal depression on mothers, infants, and families. Social factors play a major role in the development and course of this condition, and treatment often focuses on social support and psychological interventions. The study notes that the effectiveness and safety of antidepressants for treating postnatal depression remain unclear.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

23.

Personality pathology and treatment outcome in major depression: a review.

Author: MulderRoger T

Depression treatment

The study examines the potential for worse treatment response in depressed patients with comorbid personality pathology, highlighting the importance of this factor in treatment planning.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.

Language : English

24.

A meta-(re)analysis of the effects of cognitive therapy versus 'other therapies' for depression.

Author: WampoldBruce E, MinamiTakuya, BaskinThomas W, Callen TierneySandra

Depression treatment

Cognitive therapy (CT) for depression has proven effective. It's comparable to behavioral therapy and sometimes outperforms other types of therapy. However, the comparison with "other therapies" is difficult because it includes both legitimate and ineffective treatments.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

25.

Treating depression: the beyondblue guidelines for treating depression in primary care. "Not so much what you do but that you keep doing it".

Author: EllisPete M, SmithDon A R,

Effective treatment of depression
Improved outcomes with good therapeutic alliance

Most people with depression are treated by their primary care doctor. Treatment plans should be based on a thorough assessment of the type, severity, and duration of depression. For mild to moderate depression, different treatments are equally effective, and continuing treatment is more important than the initial choice. A good relationship between the patient and their healthcare provider and long-term treatment are crucial for success. Antidepressant medications should be taken for at least a year for a first episode of depression and for at least two years for recurrent depression or for those with a higher risk of relapse.

GuidelineRecommendations and best practices developed by experts for healthcare professionals to refer to when making clinical judgments and providing care.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Practice GuidelineGuidelines and recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of specific medical conditions in medical practice.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

26.

Comparison of the effects of fluoxetine, imipramine and placebo on personality in atypical depression.

Author: AgostiVito, McGrathPatrick J

Effective treatment of atypical depression
Unclear impact on personality dimensions

Atypical depression is linked to higher rates of personality disorders. While certain antidepressants have proven effective in treating atypical depression, it is unknown if those personality traits diminish after successful treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

27.

Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS): rationale, design, and methods.

Author:

Effective treatment of MDD in youth
Partial response
Relapse

Research on treating major depressive disorder (MDD) in young people supports the effectiveness of short-term cognitive-behavioral therapy or medication management with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, these studies also highlight the likelihood of partial improvement and relapse, suggesting the need for more intensive and longer-term treatments.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

28.

Treating depression in Alzheimer disease: efficacy and safety of sertraline therapy, and the benefits of depression reduction: the DIADS.

Author: LyketsosConstantine G, DelCampoLourdes, SteinbergMartin, MilesQuincy, SteeleCynthia D, MunroCynthia, BakerAlva S, SheppardJeannie-Marie E, FrangakisConstantine, BrandtJason, RabinsPeter V

Effective depression treatment
Improved activities of daily living
Reduced behavior disturbance

Sertraline is more effective than placebo in treating major depression in patients with Alzheimer disease. Depression reduction is associated with improved activities of daily living and reduced behavioral disturbance, but not improved cognition.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

29.

Prevention of relapse in residual depression by cognitive therapy: a controlled trial.

Author: PaykelE S, ScottJ, TeasdaleJ D, JohnsonA L, GarlandA, MooreR, JenawayA, CornwallP L, HayhurstH, AbbottR, PopeM

Increased remission rates
Reduced relapse rates

Cognitive therapy was found to reduce relapse rates for acute major depression and persistent severe residual symptoms in patients with residual depression after antidepressant treatment.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

30.

Differential responses to psychotherapy versus pharmacotherapy in patients with chronic forms of major depression and childhood trauma.

Author: NemeroffCharles B, HeimChristine M, ThaseMichael E, KleinDaniel N, RushA John, SchatzbergAlan F, NinanPhilip T, McCulloughJames P, WeissPaul M, DunnerDavid L, RothbaumBarbara O, KornsteinSusan, KeitnerGabor, KellerMartin B

Depression treatment

This study examined the effectiveness of different treatments for chronic depression in 681 patients. Combining antidepressants and psychotherapy was the most effective treatment. However, for patients with a history of early childhood trauma, psychotherapy alone was as effective as antidepressants, and the combination therapy was only slightly better. This suggests that psychotherapy may be especially important for treating chronic depression in individuals with a history of childhood trauma.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

32.

Milnacipran and pindolol: a randomized trial of reduction of antidepressant latency.

Author: IsaacMichael T, IsaacMaria B, GalloFidel, TournouxAlan

Depression treatment

This study highlights the need for new and improved treatments for depression. The current wait time for antidepressants to become effective (3-4 weeks) and the immediate side effects can negatively affect patient compliance and engagement with treatment. The study calls for new treatments that are faster-acting and better tolerated.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

33.

Duloxetine in the treatment of depression: a double-blind placebo-controlled comparison with paroxetine.

Author: GoldsteinDavid J, LuYili, DetkeMichael J, WiltseCurtis, MallinckrodtCraig, DemitrackMark A

Improved depression symptoms
Improved pain symptoms
Insomnia

Duloxetine, a dual reuptake inhibitor of serotonin and norepinephrine, is effective for treating both emotional and physical symptoms of depression, with a side effect profile similar to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

34.

Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression: Treatment for Adolescents With Depression Study (TADS) randomized controlled trial.

Author: MarchJohn, SilvaSusan, PetryckiStephen, CurryJohn, WellsKaren, FairbankJohn, BurnsBarbara, DominoMarisa, McNultySteven, VitielloBenedetto, SevereJoanne,

Reduced depression symptoms
Reduced suicidal thinking

The combination of fluoxetine with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) offered the most favorable tradeoff between benefit and risk for adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).

Language : English

35.

[An educational programme for coping with depression: a randomized controlled trial].

Author: DalgardOdd Steffen

Improved unipolar depression

A psycho-educative group-based treatment program was effective in reducing unipolar depression symptoms. The program is feasible in both primary health care and specialized psychiatric care.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
English AbstractA summary of a research paper/publication written in English for a wider audience.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : Norwegian

36.

Remission rates in patients with anxiety disorders treated with paroxetine.

Author: BallengerJames C

Treatment of depression and anxiety

While about half of people with depression or anxiety respond to treatment, only a small percentage achieve complete remission. Continued mild symptoms even after treatment increases the risk of relapses and higher healthcare use. The goal of treatment should be complete remission, not just improvement, for both depression and anxiety.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

37.

A cluster randomized trial comparing two interventions to improve treatment of major depression in primary care.

Author: VergouwenAnton C, BakkerAbraham, BurgerHuibert, VerheijTheo J, KoerselmanFrank

Depression treatment

Many people with major depression do not consistently take their medication or receive treatment according to current guidelines. There is growing evidence that depression care in primary care settings can be improved. Comparing effective interventions can help identify the key elements that make these interventions successful.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

38.

Dose-effect relations in time-limited combined psycho-pharmacological treatment for depression.

Author: DekkerJ, MolenaarP J, KoolS, Van AalstG, PeenJ, de JongheF

Faster remission
None reported

Eight sessions of short psychodynamic supportive psychotherapy in combination with pharmacotherapy is more effective than 16 sessions for moderately and severely depressed patients.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

39.

Chronic depression: medication (nefazodone) or psychotherapy (CBASP) is effective when the other is not.

Author: SchatzbergAlan F, RushA John, ArnowBruce A, BanksPhillip L C, BlalockJanice A, BorianFrances E, HowlandRobert, KleinDaniel N, KocsisJames H, KornsteinSusan G, ManberRachel, MarkowitzJohn C, MillerIvan, NinanPhilip T, RothbaumBarbara O, ThaseMichael E, TrivediMadhukar H, KellerMartin B

Depression reduction
Attrition

This crossover trial found that switching from nefazodone to cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy (CBASP) or vice versa resulted in significant improvements in symptoms among chronically depressed individuals. Both treatments were equally effective, however, switching to CBASP led to less attrition due to adverse events.

Clinical TrialA clinical trial is a planned study conducted on humans to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and treatment methods. It aims to explore the possibilities of new treatments and improve the health of patients.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

40.

A comparison of cognitive-behavioral therapy, sertraline, and their combination for adolescent depression.

Author: MelvinGlenn A, TongeBruce J, KingNeville J, HeyneDavid, GordonMichael S, KlimkeitEster

Depression reduction

All three treatments (cognitive-behavioral therapy, antidepressant medication alone, and combined CBT and antidepressant medication) led to a reduction in depression, but cognitive-behavioral therapy alone demonstrated a superior acute treatment response.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

41.

Treatment effects of antidepressants in patients with post-stroke depression: a meta-analysis.

Author: ChenYan, GuoJeff J, ZhanSiyan, PatelNick C

Post-stroke depression treatment

The study discussed the need for more research on the treatment efficacy of antidepressants in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD), given conflicting data and unknown time-dependent effects.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

42.

Quetiapine augmentation of treatment-resistant depression: a comparison with lithium.

Author: DoréeJean-Pierre, Des RosiersJoël, LewViviane, GendronAlain, ElieRobert, StipEmmanuel, TourjmanS Valérie

Treatment-resistant depression

This open-label, comparative study compared quetiapine with lithium in the augmentation of treatment-resistant depression. The study found that quetiapine was an effective augmenting agent in treatment-resistant depression.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

43.

A cluster randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of an intervention to educate students about depression.

Author: MerrittRowena K, PriceJonathan R, MollisonJill, GeddesJohn R

Improved depression treatment
Depression

Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, with many people experiencing their first episode before age 18. University students are particularly susceptible. Most people with depression can be successfully treated. However, for treatment to be effective, people need to recognize their symptoms, seek help, and be aware that treatment works. A public awareness campaign could increase the likelihood of successful treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

44.

Cost-effectiveness of collaborative care for chronically ill patients with comorbid depressive disorder in the general hospital setting, a randomised controlled trial.

Author: HornEva K, van BenthemTjeerd B, Hakkaart-van RoijenLeona, van MarwijkHarm W J, BeekmanAartjan T F, RuttenFrans F, van der Feltz-CornelisChristina M

Improved depressive disorder treatment
Improved quality of life
Depressive disorder

Depression is common, especially among people with chronic illnesses. Depression negatively affects quality of life, healthcare costs, self-care, and overall health. Early diagnosis and treatment of depression are crucial for better outcomes. Studies in the US have shown success with a collaborative care approach for depression, while "Problem Solving Treatment" has proven effective in the UK. However, this approach hasn't been evaluated in general hospital settings.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

45.

Randomised controlled trial of interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy for depression.

Author: LutySuzanne E, CarterJanet D, McKenzieJanice M, RaeAlma M, FramptonChristopher M A, MulderRoger T, JoycePeter R

Improved depression
Severe depression

Both interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy were effective for depression, but CBT may be preferred for severe depression.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

46.

Family therapy for depression.

Author: HenkenH T, HuibersM J H, ChurchillR, RestifoK, RoelofsJ

Improved family functioning
Reduced depression
Heterogeneous studies
Insufficient evidence

The current evidence base is too heterogeneous and sparse to draw conclusions on the overall effectiveness of family therapy in the treatment of depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

47.

Combination treatment for acute depression is superior only when psychotherapy is added to medication.

Author: BlomMarc B J, JonkerKosse, DusseldorpElise, SpinhovenPhilip, HoencampErik, HaffmansJudith, van DyckRichard

Improved major depressive disorder treatment
Major depressive disorder

While effective treatments for depression exist, many people do not benefit. Combining therapy and medication is a potential solution, but past studies have not consistently shown a clear advantage. Where there was an advantage, it is possible that the improved results were due to the placebo effect of combining two treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

48.

Efficacy of Interpersonal Psychotherapy plus pharmacotherapy in chronically depressed inpatients.

Author: SchrammElisabeth, SchneiderDaniel, ZobelIngo, van CalkerDietrich, DykierekPetra, KechSabine, HärterMartin, BergerMathias

Improved global functioning
Reduced depressive symptoms

Interpersonal psychotherapy combined with pharmacotherapy was more effective than standard treatment in reducing depressive symptoms and improving global functioning in chronically depressed inpatients.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

49.

Randomized trial of behavioral activation, cognitive therapy, and antidepressant medication in the prevention of relapse and recurrence in major depression.

Author: DobsonKeith S, HollonSteven D, DimidjianSona, SchmalingKaren B, KohlenbergRobert J, GallopRobert J, RizviShireen L, GollanJackie K, DunnerDavid L, JacobsonNeil S

Improved major depression treatment
Major depression

This study followed people with depression who had responded to treatment in a previous trial. Those who stopped medication were more likely to experience a return of depression compared to those who had received cognitive therapy, behavioral activation, or continued medication. Cognitive therapy and behavioral activation were more effective than stopping medication at preventing depression from returning over two years. This suggests that cognitive therapy and behavioral activation may be more lasting and less expensive alternatives to medication for treating depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

51.

Eighteen months of drug treatment for depression: predicting relapse and recovery.

Author: MulderRoger T, FramptonChristopher M A, LutySuzanne E, JoycePeter R

Treatment recovery
Relapse

While most patients with depression recovered within 6 months, 46% relapsed within a year. Relapse was associated with recurrent depression history, residual symptoms, a less sustained response to initial treatment, and personality disorder symptoms. Only 34% of patients who were depressed at 6 months recovered.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

52.

Patterns of early change and their relationship to outcome and follow-up among patients with major depressive disorders.

Author: LutzWolfgang, StulzNiklaus, KöckKatharina

MDD treatment efficacy
Treatment non-specificity

While research highlights the effectiveness of different treatments for major depressive disorder (MDD), some interpret the findings as suggesting that all treatments work equally well. However, focusing only on average treatment outcomes might miss differences in how quickly people improve, which could indicate that certain treatments are more effective earlier in treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

53.

Depression in adults: drug and physical treatments.

Author: BarbuiCorrado, ButlerRob, CiprianiAndrea, GeddesJohn, HatcherSimon

Depression treatment

Depression affects up to 10% of people, with half experiencing a return of symptoms. There is no clear evidence that any one treatment is better than others for mild to moderate depression, but the quality of research supporting different treatments varies. For severe depression, only prescription antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy have been proven to help.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

54.

Depression in adults: psychological treatments and care pathways.

Author: PriceJonathan, ButlerRob, HatcherSimon, Von KorffMichael

Depression treatment

Depression affects up to 10% of people, and half of those who experience depression experience a return of symptoms. While there is no clear evidence that one treatment is better than another for mild to moderate depression, the quality of evidence supporting different treatments varies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

55.

Residual symptoms after remission of major depressive disorder with citalopram and risk of relapse: a STAR*D report.

Author: NierenbergA A, HusainM M, TrivediM H, FavaM, WardenD, WisniewskiS R, MiyaharaS, RushA J

This study examines the persistence of depressive symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who initially experience improvement with antidepressants. The study focuses on the types and frequency of these residual symptoms and how they relate to the likelihood of relapse after treatment with citalopram, as part of a larger depression study (STAR*D).

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

56.

[Major depression in primary care and clinical impacts of treatment strategies: a literature review].

Author: BeaucageClément, CardinalLise, KavanaghMélanie, AubéDenise

Faster recovery
Improved depression
Reduced symptoms

Major depression is a common mental illness that is often underdiagnosed and undertreated. While reducing symptoms is important, aiming for complete remission and a faster return to optimal functioning is desirable for better outcomes. This review of 41 studies found that complex treatment approaches lead to more positive results for depression in primary care settings. Further research is needed to improve our understanding of depression treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : French

57.

Milnacipran versus other antidepressive agents for depression.

Author: NakagawaAtsuo, WatanabeNorio, OmoriIchiro M, BarbuiCorrado, CiprianiAndrea, McGuireHugh, ChurchillRachel, FurukawaToshi A

Antidepressant effect

While both medication and therapy can treat depression, antidepressants are commonly used as the first-line treatment in many healthcare settings. Milnacipran, a type of antidepressant that affects both serotonin and norepinephrine, is a medication often prescribed for depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

58.

Rationale and design of the randomised clinical trial comparing early medication change (EMC) strategy with treatment as usual (TAU) in patients with major depressive disorder--the EMC trial.

Author: TadićAndré, GorbulevStanislav, DahmenNorbert, HiemkeChristoph, BrausDieter F, RöschkeJoachim, van CalkerDietrich, WachtlinDaniel, KronfeldKai, GorbauchThorsten, Seibert-GrafeMonika, LiebKlaus,

Improved MDD

Current guidelines for treating major depressive disorder (MDD) suggest waiting 3-8 weeks before switching medications if there is no improvement. However, research shows that improvement typically occurs within the first 10-14 days of treatment. Early improvement is a good predictor of overall treatment success. Lack of improvement after 14 days is a strong indicator of poor treatment outcome.

Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

59.

Comparative efficacy and durability of continuation phase cognitive therapy for preventing recurrent depression: design of a double-blinded, fluoxetine- and pill placebo-controlled, randomized trial with 2-year follow-up.

Author: JarrettRobin B, ThaseMichael E

Reduced relapse risk with continuation phase CT

A clinical trial is underway to evaluate the preventive effects and durability of cognitive therapy (CT) in the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The trial will compare the effectiveness of continuation phase CT with fluoxetine in higher risk CT responders.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

60.

Brief cognitive behavioral therapy compared to general practitioners care for depression in primary care: a randomized trial.

Author: BaasKim D, KoeterMaarten W J, van WeertHenk C, LucassenPeter, BocktingClaudi L H, WittkampfKarin A, ScheneAart H

Depressive disorder treatment

This study examines the preference for psychological treatments over pharmacotherapy for depression in primary care settings. Further research is needed to determine the most optimal treatment approach for this population.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

61.

Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial comparing mindfulness-based cognitive therapy with maintenance anti-depressant treatment in the prevention of depressive relapse/recurrence: the PREVENT trial.

Author: KuykenWillem, ByfordSarah, ByngRichard, DalgleishTim, LewisGlyn, TaylorRod, WatkinsEdward R, HayesRachel, LanhamPaul, KesslerDavid, MorantNicola, EvansAlison

Depression treatment

This study examines the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for preventing depression relapse compared to continuing medication (maintenance antidepressants). The study aims to determine if MBCT is superior in terms of preventing relapse over 24 months, as well as its impact on other factors like the number of days without depression, remaining symptoms, medication use, other mental and physical health conditions, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. The study also aims to explore if improvements in mindfulness skills are a key factor in the effectiveness of MBCT.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

62.

Effectiveness of psychotherapeutic, pharmacological, and combined treatments for chronic depression: a systematic review (METACHRON).

Author: KristonLevente, von WolffAlessa, HölzelLars

Chronic depression treatment

This study highlights the need for a comprehensive review of different treatments for chronic depression, a condition that significantly impacts individuals and society. The study points to the lack of a thorough analysis that compares various therapies, including medication, psychotherapy, and combined approaches, and considers all subtypes of chronic depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

63.

Depression in primary care: interpersonal counseling vs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. The DEPICS Study. A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Rationale and design.

Author: MenchettiMarco, BortolottiBiancamaria, RucciPaola, ScoccoPaolo, BombiAnnarosa, BerardiDomenico,

Depression treatment

Depression is common in primary care and is often treated with antidepressants. While psychological interventions are recommended as the first-line treatment, there is limited evidence on their effectiveness for mild depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

64.

Randomised controlled trial of the clinical and cost effectiveness of a specialist team for managing refractory unipolar depressive disorder.

Author: MorrissRichard, MarttunnenSarah, GarlandAnne, NixonNeil, McDonaldRuth, SweeneyTim, FlambertHeather, FoxRichard, Kaylor-HughesCatherine, JamesMarilyn, YangMin

Depression treatment

This study emphasizes the need for more research on treating patients with chronic depression who do not respond to initial treatment. The study highlights that these individuals are at significantly higher risk of suicide and that treatment becomes more challenging over time. The study calls for research on community-based programs that combine medication and therapy to provide comprehensive care for patients with chronic depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

65.

Examination of the utility of psychotherapy for patients with treatment resistant depression: a systematic review.

Author: TrivediRanak B, NieuwsmaJason A, WilliamsJohn W

Depression management

Psychotherapy may be beneficial in managing treatment-resistant depression. In a review of 13 randomized clinical trials involving 592 patients, psychotherapy, either as augmentation or substitution, showed similar or better outcomes compared to active management.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.Research funding provided by the Public Health Service (PHS).
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

66.

Disrupting the rhythm of depression: design and protocol of a randomized controlled trial on preventing relapse using brief cognitive therapy with or without antidepressants.

Author: BocktingClaudi L H, ElgersmaHermien J, van RijsbergenGerard D, de JongePeter, OrmelJohan, BuskensErik, StantA Dennis, de JongPeter J, PeetersFrenk P M L, HuibersMarcus J H, ArntzArnoud, MurisPeter, NolenWillem A, ScheneAart H, HollonSteven D

Recurrent MDD treatment

While antidepressants are the main way to prevent depression relapses, many people don't stick with them or take the right dose. This study examines whether a combination of brief cognitive therapy and gradually reducing antidepressant use is an effective alternative to long-term antidepressant treatment for recurrent depression. The study will also investigate whether combining both approaches is beneficial.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

67.

Social problem solving and depressive symptoms over time: a randomized clinical trial of cognitive-behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy, brief supportive psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy.

Author: KleinDaniel N, LeonAndrew C, LiChunshan, D'ZurillaThomas J, BlackSarah R, VivianDina, DowlingFrank, ArnowBruce A, ManberRachel, MarkowitzJohn C, KocsisJames H

Improved depression treatment

This study examined the association between psychotherapy, social problem-solving skills, and depression in a clinical trial investigating psychotherapy augmentation for chronically depressed patients who did not fully respond to initial pharmacotherapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

68.

The effect of adding psychodynamic therapy to antidepressants in patients with major depressive disorder. A systematic review of randomized clinical trials with meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses.

Author: JakobsenJanus Christian, HansenJane Lindschou, SimonsenErik, GluudChristian

Depressive symptom reduction
High risk of bias
Limited evidence

Adding psychodynamic therapy to antidepressants might benefit depressed patients, but the possible treatment effect measured on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression is small. Psychodynamic therapy significantly reduced depressive symptoms on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (mean difference -3.01 (95% confidence interval -3.98 to -2.03; P<0.00001), no significant heterogeneity between trials) compared with 'no intervention'.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

69.

Depression in adults: drug and physical treatments.

Author: CiprianiAndrea, BarbuiCorrado, ButlerRob, HatcherSimon, GeddesJohn

Depression treatment

Depression affects up to 10% of people, and half of those affected experience recurring symptoms. For mild to moderate depression, there is no single treatment proven to be the most effective, but the level of evidence supporting different treatments varies. For severe depression, only prescription antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy are known to improve symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

70.

Effectiveness, relapse prevention and mechanisms of change of cognitive therapy vs. interpersonal therapy for depression: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Author: LemmensLotte H J M, ArntzArnoud, PeetersFrenk P M L, HollonSteven D, RoefsAnne, HuibersMarcus J H

Major depression treatment

Major depression is a common and serious problem that significantly impacts quality of life. While psychotherapy can be effective, not everyone responds well, and relapse rates are high. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of two common psychotherapies for depression in terms of reducing symptoms and preventing relapses over both short and long periods. The study also seeks to identify the mechanisms underlying how these therapies work.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

71.

Improving mood with psychoanalytic and cognitive therapies (IMPACT): a pragmatic effectiveness superiority trial to investigate whether specialised psychological treatment reduces the risk for relapse in adolescents with moderate to severe unipolar depression: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Author: GoodyerIan M, TsanchevaSonya, ByfordSarah, DubickaBernadka, HillJonathan, KelvinRaphael, ReynoldsShirley, RobertsChristopher, SeniorRobert, SucklingJohn, WilkinsonPaul, TargetMary, FonagyPeter

Depression treatment

About 70% of teenagers with moderate to severe depression improve with a combination of therapy and fluoxetine (20-50mg), seeing symptom relief and improved social skills within 24 weeks. However, about 20% don't respond to treatment and 30% of those who do respond experience a relapse within two years. The best types of therapy, the factors that influence relapse risk, and the cost-effectiveness and safety of therapy are still unclear.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

72.

Comparative efficacy of the Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy versus supportive psychotherapy for early onset chronic depression: design and rationale of a multisite randomized controlled trial.

Author: SchrammElisabeth, HautzingerMartin, ZobelIngo, KristonLevente, BergerMathias, HärterMartin

Treatment of chronic depression

Effective treatments for chronic depression are urgently needed because it is a common and debilitating condition that is often resistant to treatment. While traditional therapies haven't proven as effective for chronic depression as for acute episodes, one specific type of therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP), has shown promise in one large study. However, CBASP has not been directly compared to a general therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

73.

Differences in depressed oncologic patients' narratives after receiving two different therapeutic interventions for depression: a qualitative study.

Author: Rodríguez VegaBeatriz, Orgaz BarnierPablo, BayónCarmen, PalaoAngela, TorresGuadalupe, HospitalAna, BenitoGuillermo, DieguezMaria, Fernández LiriaAlberto

Psychotherapy cancer

Patients receiving combined treatment for depression (psychotherapy plus antidepressants) in addition to standard cancer treatment reported a more transformative experience of illness and a greater sense of personal growth compared to patients receiving antidepressants alone.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

74.

Is switching antidepressants following early nonresponse more beneficial in acute-phase treatment of depression?: a randomized open-label trial.

Author: NakajimaShinichiro, UchidaHiroyuki, SuzukiTakefumi, WatanabeKoichiro, HiranoJinichi, YagihashiTatsuhiko, TakeuchiHiroyoshi, AbeTakayuki, KashimaHaruo, MimuraMasaru

Early antidepressant switch

In a study of 41 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) who failed to respond to sertraline in the first 2 weeks of treatment, those who switched to paroxetine had a higher response rate (75%) than those who continued sertraline (19%). This suggests that early switching of antidepressants may be a beneficial strategy for patients with MDD who do not respond quickly to initial treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

76.

Symptom specificity in the acute treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: a re-analysis of the treatment of depression collaborative research program.

Author: StewartJeremy G, HarknessKate L

Treatment of major depressive disorder

Antidepressant medications, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), and Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) are equally effective for treating major depressive disorder (MDD), but remission rates are still low. This study investigates how quickly different symptoms improve with each type of treatment, hoping to identify which treatment is most effective for specific symptoms.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

77.

Group psychological therapies for depression in the community: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: HuntleyAlyson L, ArayaRicardo, SalisburyChris

Improved depression

Group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) was more effective than usual care alone in treating depression, and was comparable to individually delivered CBT after 3 months.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

78.

The clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of low-intensity psychological interventions for the secondary prevention of relapse after depression: a systematic review.

Author: RodgersM, AsariaM, WalkerS, McMillanD, LucockM, HardenM, PalmerS, EastwoodA

Treatment of depression

Depression is a common and disabling condition. While treatment can be effective, the risk of relapse is high. While there's a lot of research on treating depression, less is known about using low-intensity interventions to prevent relapse after successful treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

79.

Tavistock Adult Depression Study (TADS): a randomised controlled trial of psychoanalytic psychotherapy for treatment-resistant/treatment-refractory forms of depression.

Author: TaylorDavid, CarlyleJo-anne, McPhersonSusan, RostFelicitas, ThomasRachel, FonagyPeter

Treatment of long-term depression

This study investigates the effectiveness of psychoanalytic psychotherapy in treating patients with long-term, treatment-resistant depression. It aims to provide insights into this complex type of depression and potentially identify effective treatment approaches.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

80.

The effects of psychotherapy for adult depression on suicidality and hopelessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: CuijpersPim, de BeursDerek P, van SpijkerBregje A J, BerkingMatthias, AnderssonGerhard, KerkhofAd J F M

Suicidal ideation reduction
Insufficient evidence

There is insufficient evidence to conclude that psychotherapy for depression reduces suicidal ideation or suicide risk.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

81.

Cognitive bibliotherapy for mild depressive symptomatology: randomized clinical trial of efficacy and mechanisms of change.

Author: MoldovanRamona, CobeanuOana, DavidDaniel

Improved subthreshold depression treatment

This study highlights the significant impact of subthreshold depression, which is a form of depression that doesn't meet the full criteria for a diagnosis but can still cause problems. While cognitive bibliotherapy shows promise as a treatment, more research is needed to determine its effectiveness and understand how it helps people.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

82.

Vagus nerve stimulation therapy randomized to different amounts of electrical charge for treatment-resistant depression: acute and chronic effects.

Author: AaronsonScott T, CarpenterLinda L, ConwayCharles R, ReimherrFrederick W, LisanbySarah H, SchwartzThomas L, MorenoFrancisco A, DunnerDavid L, LesemMichael D, ThompsonPeter M, HusainMustafa, VineCraig J, BanovMichael D, BernsteinLawrence P, LehmanRobert B, BrannonGuy E, KeepersGeorge A, O'ReardonJohn P, RudolphRichard L, BunkerMark

VNS effective for TRD

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapy was well-tolerated and showed significant improvement in depressive symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Higher electrical dose parameters were associated with greater durability of response.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

83.

Interventions for preventing relapse and recurrence of a depressive disorder in children and adolescents.

Author: CoxGeorgina R, FisherCaroline A, De SilvaStefanie, PhelanMark, AkinwaleOlaoluwa P, SimmonsMagenta B, HetrickSarah E

Depression relapse prevention

Depression often begins in childhood or adolescence. While treatments are available to help during a depressive episode, less is known about preventing relapse or recurrence of depression after someone has recovered.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

84.

'Third wave' cognitive therapy versus mentalization-based therapy for major depressive disorder. A protocol for a randomised clinical trial.

Author: JakobsenJanus Christian, GluudChristian, KongerslevMickey, LarsenKirsten Aaskov, SørensenPer, WinkelPer, LangeTheis, SøgaardUlf, SimonsenErik

Depression treatment

Many treatments for depression have shown limited or no effectiveness. Two newer approaches, called "third wave" cognitive therapy and mentalization-based therapy, have shown promise. However, there have been no studies that directly compare these two types of therapy for major depression.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

85.

Psychostimulants in moderate to severe affective disorder: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Author: AbbasowaLeda, KessingLars V, VinbergMaj

Depression treatment

While antidepressants are commonly used to treat depression, only about 35-40% of patients achieve complete remission. This study explores the potential use of psychostimulants, a different class of medication, to help improve response to antidepressants and reduce remaining symptoms of depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

86.

Difference in remission in a Chinese population with anxious versus nonanxious treatment-resistant depression: a report of OPERATION study.

Author: WuZhiguo, ChenJun, YuanChengmei, HongWu, PengDaihui, ZhangChen, CaoLan, FangYiru

None
Anxious depression predicts worse outcomes
Non-randomized allocation

Anxious depression is associated with poorer treatment outcomes in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Remission rates were significantly lower and adverse event frequency was significantly greater in patients with anxious depression compared to those with non-anxious depression.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

87.

Targeted versus tailored multimedia patient engagement to enhance depression recognition and treatment in primary care: randomized controlled trial protocol for the AMEP2 study.

Author: TancrediDaniel J, SleeChristina K, JerantAnthony, FranksPeter, NettiksimmonsJasmine, CipriCamille, GottfeldDustin, HuertaJulia, FeldmanMitchell D, Jackson-TricheMaja, Kelly-ReifSteven, HudnutAndrew, OlsonSarah, SheltonJanie, KravitzRichard L

Depression treatment

Depression is common in primary care but often goes undetected and untreated. People with depression may hesitate to talk to their doctor about their symptoms, and even when diagnosed, they may be reluctant to start treatment. Tailored communication strategies could help encourage people to discuss depression and overcome barriers to receiving treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.

Language : English

88.

Antidepressant and group psychosocial treatment for depression: a rater blind exploratory RCT from a low income country.

Author: HusainNusrat, ChaudhryNasim, FatimaBatool, HusainMeher, AminRizwana, ChaudhryImran Bashir, Ur RahmanRaza, TomensonBarbara, JafriFarhat, NaeemFarooq, CreedFrancis

Group intervention
Low income countries
No treatment trials

Studies in wealthier countries show that combining antidepressants with group therapy is more effective for treating depression. However, no research has compared the effectiveness of these approaches in low-income countries.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

89.

Psychotherapy for depression: a randomized clinical trial comparing schema therapy and cognitive behavior therapy.

Author: CarterJanet D, McIntoshVirginia V, JordanJennifer, PorterRichard J, FramptonChristopher M, JoycePeter R

CBT effectiveness
Schema Therapy
Nonresponse to CBT

While cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective for depression, up to half of patients don't fully respond to it. This study highlights the potential of Schema Therapy (ST) as an alternative treatment for depression, particularly for those with long-standing or challenging symptoms. The study suggests that ST might be a valuable approach for individuals with more complex depression.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

90.

The clinical effectiveness of web-based cognitive behavioral therapy with face-to-face therapist support for depressed primary care patients: randomized controlled trial.

Author: HøifødtRagnhild Sørensen, LillevollKjersti R, GriffithsKathleen M, WilsgaardTom, EisemannMartin, WaterlooKnut, KolstrupNils

Internet-based treatment
Infrequent psychological interventions

While guidelines recommend therapy for depression, most people with mild to moderate depression are treated in primary care, where structured psychological interventions are uncommon. This study suggests that internet-based treatment programs like MoodGYM, with therapist support, could be a valuable tool for improving access to mental health care in primary care settings.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

91.

Effectiveness of integrated body-mind-spirit group intervention on the well-being of Indian patients with depression: a pilot study.

Author: SreevaniRentala, ReddemmaKonduru, ChanCecilia L W, LeungPamela Pui Yu, WongVenus, ChanCelia Hoi Yan

Improved depression

An integrated body-mind-spirit group intervention model showed potential for reducing depressive symptoms and improving well-being in patients with depression, compared to routine hospital treatment alone.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

92.

The EVIDENT-trial: protocol and rationale of a multicenter randomized controlled trial testing the effectiveness of an online-based psychological intervention.

Author: KleinJan Philipp, BergerThomas, SchröderJohanna, SpäthChristina, MeyerBjörn, CasparFranz, LutzWolfgang, GreinerWolfgang, HautzingerMartin, RoseMatthias, GräfeViola, HohagenFritz, AnderssonGerhard, VettorazziEik, MoritzSteffen

Depression treatment

Depression is a major cause of disability worldwide, with mild to moderate forms being particularly common. Online psychological treatments may be effective in treating these milder forms of depression and preventing the development or return of more severe depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

93.

Magnetic resonance imaging of a randomized controlled trial investigating predictors of recovery following psychological treatment in adolescents with moderate to severe unipolar depression: study protocol for Magnetic Resonance-Improving Mood with Psychoanalytic and Cognitive Therapies (MR-IMPACT).

Author: HaganCindy C, GrahamJulia Me, WidmerBarry, HoltRosemary J, OoiCinly, van NieuwenhuizenAdrienne O, FonagyPeter, ReynoldsShirley, TargetMary, KelvinRaphael, WilkinsonPaul O, BullmoreEdward T, LennoxBelinda R, SahakianBarbara J, GoodyerIan, SucklingJohn

MDD treatment

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious mental health condition affecting millions of people, with significant consequences including lost workdays and suicides. While psychological treatments are used, only about 65% of patients respond. This suggests that different types of depression may require different approaches, and there is a need for better understanding of the causes of depression and development of more effective treatments. Accurate ways to identify the best treatment for each individual are also lacking.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

94.

Lithium or an atypical antipsychotic drug in the management of treatment-resistant depression: a systematic review and economic evaluation.

Author: EdwardsS J, HamiltonV, NhereraL, TrevorN

TRD treatment

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) refers to depression that doesn't respond well to standard treatments. While the causes of depression are complex, there are various approaches to treating TRD, including medications, therapy, and other interventions. Changing medications, adding a different type of antidepressant, or using augmenting medications (like anticonvulsants, lithium, or atypical antipsychotics) are options, but their effectiveness for TRD is not well-established.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

95.

Addressing the needs of adolescents with treatment resistant depressive disorders: a systematic review of rTMS.

Author: DonaldsonAmy E, GordonMichael S, MelvinGlenn A, BartonDavid A, FitzgeraldPaul B

rTMS
Depressive disorders

Depression is a major mental health problem in teenagers and can be fatal. While medications and cognitive behavioral therapy are recommended treatments, they don't work for 40-60% of teenagers. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), which has shown promise for adults with depression who don't respond to standard treatments, is now being studied in adolescents.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

96.

Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy for treatment-resistant depression in primary care: the CoBalT randomised controlled trial.

Author: WilesNicola, ThomasLaura, AbelAnna, BarnesMaria, CarrollFran, RidgwayNicola, SherlockSofie, TurnerNicholas, ButtonKatherine, OdondiLang'o, MetcalfeChris, Owen-SmithAmanda, CampbellJohn, GarlandAnne, HollinghurstSandra, JerromBill, KesslerDavid, KuykenWillem, MorrisonJill, TurnerKatrina, WilliamsChris, PetersTim, LewisGlyn

Cost-effective
Reduce depressive symptoms
Long-term effectiveness

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective and cost-effective treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In a study of 469 patients, 46.1% of those receiving CBT achieved a 50% reduction in depressive symptoms at 6 months compared to 21.6% of controls.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

97.

Patients' experiences of acupuncture and counselling for depression and comorbid pain: a qualitative study nested within a randomised controlled trial.

Author: HoptonAnn, EldredJanet, MacPhersonHugh

Acupuncture
Counselling
Depression
Pain

This study explores the experiences of patients with both depression and pain. The research examines how acupuncture and counseling can help manage these conditions, focusing on the factors contributing to long-term positive change.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

98.

Behavior therapy for depressed breast cancer patients: predictors of treatment outcome.

Author: HopkoDerek Richard, CannityKerry, McIndooCrystal Constance, FileAudrey Ashton, RybaMarlena M, ClarkCaroline Gray, BellJohn L

Behavior therapy
Breast cancer
Major depressive disorder

This study explores the effectiveness of behavior therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD) in breast cancer patients. While psychotherapy is used for subsyndromal depression, there is limited research on behavior therapy for MDD in this population. The study also aims to identify factors that predict treatment outcomes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

99.

Childhood depression subscales using repeated sessions on Children's Depression Rating Scale - revised (CDRS-R) scores.

Author: IsaAmeena, BernsteinIra, TrivediMadhukar, MayesTaryn, KennardBetsy, EmslieGraham

Early-onset depression treatment

While treatments for early-onset depression can be effective, only about a third of children achieve remission within three months. Delayed recovery leads to poorer outcomes. Understanding how different symptoms of depression change over time with treatment could help tailor treatment for individual children.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

100.

Role of pill-taking, expectation and therapeutic alliance in the placebo response in clinical trials for major depression.

Author: LeuchterAndrew F, HunterAimee M, TartterMolly, CookIan A

Medication
Placebo
Supportive care
Major depressive disorder

This study examines the impact of medication, placebo, and supportive care on treatment outcomes for major depressive disorder (MDD). The study also investigates the relationship between treatment expectations, the relationship between patient and therapist (therapeutic alliance), and improvement in depression symptoms. The study aims to understand the complex factors that contribute to treatment success for depression, including the placebo effect.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

101.

Online and social networking interventions for the treatment of depression in young people: a systematic review.

Author: RiceSimon M, GoodallJoanne, HetrickSarah E, ParkerAlexandra G, GilbertsonTamsyn, AmmingerG Paul, DaveyChristopher G, McGorryPatrick D, GleesonJohn, Alvarez-JimenezMario

Online interventions
Depression

Depression is a major global health issue, particularly affecting adolescents and young adults. While online interventions for depression show promise, they vary in approach. This study aims to identify the key features of effective online interventions, both for preventing and treating depression, and to determine if certain aspects of these interventions are more beneficial than others.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

102.

Efficacy, quality of life, and acceptability outcomes of atypical antipsychotic augmentation treatment for treatment-resistant depression: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Author: LiuYiyun, ZhouXinyu, QinBin, Del GiovaneCinzia, ZhangYuqing, XiePeng

TRD treatment

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious and costly mental health condition. While many antidepressants are available, a significant number of people don't respond well or can't tolerate side effects. Adding another type of medication, like an atypical antipsychotic, is sometimes used to help, but the best choice of antipsychotic for this purpose is debated.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

103.

Treatment of postnatal depression with cognitive behavioural therapy, sertraline and combination therapy: a randomised controlled trial.

Author: MilgromJeannette, GemmillAlan W, EricksenJennifer, BurrowsGraham, BuistAnne, ReeceJohn

Postpartum depression treatment

Antidepressant medication and psychological therapy are used to treat postpartum depression, but women often prefer to avoid medication while breastfeeding. While combining medication and therapy may be more effective than either treatment alone for depression generally, there's limited research on the benefits of this approach for postpartum depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

104.

Critical analysis of the efficacy of meditation therapies for acute and subacute phase treatment of depressive disorders: a systematic review.

Author: JainFelipe A, WalshRoger N, EisendrathStuart J, ChristensenScott, Rael CahnB

Meditative practices
Depressive disorders

There's growing interest in using meditation to treat depression, as it offers potential benefits such as fewer side effects compared to medications and the possibility of addressing some of the underlying thought patterns associated with depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

105.

A randomised controlled trial of positive memory training for the treatment of depression within schizophrenia.

Author: SteelCraig, van der GaagMark, KorrelboomKees, SimonJudit, PhiriPeter, BakshM Fazil, WykesTil, RoseDiana, RoseSuzanna, HardcastleMark, EnrightSimon, EvansGareth, KingdonDavid

Cognitive intervention
Depression
Schizophrenia

Depression is common in people with schizophrenia and increases their risk of suicide. Currently, there are no evidence-based treatments specifically for depression in this population. This study aims to evaluate a short-term cognitive intervention, based on the idea that depression is linked to memory problems, to reduce depression in people with schizophrenia.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

106.

The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognitive performance in treatment-resistant depression. A systematic review.

Author: SerafiniGianluca, PompiliMaurizio, Belvederi MurriMartino, RespinoMatteo, GhioLucio, GirardiPaolo, FitzgeraldPaul B, AmoreMario

Improved neurocognitive functioning
Mixed samples
Small sample size

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) shows promise for improving neurocognition in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). However, more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and address methodological limitations in existing studies.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

107.

Preventive Cognitive Therapy versus Treatment as Usual in preventing recurrence of depression: protocol of a multi-centered randomized controlled trial.

Author: de JongeMargo, BocktingClaudi L H, KikkertMartijn J, BosmansJudith E, DekkerJack J M

MDD treatment

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is expected to be the second most burdensome disease by 2030. The high rate of recurrence in MDD contributes to disability and healthcare costs. Preventing recurrence, especially in high-risk patients, is crucial. Cognitive therapy is a well-established effective treatment for MDD and shows promise in preventing future episodes after recovery.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

108.

Adding smartphone-based cognitive-behavior therapy to pharmacotherapy for major depression (FLATT project): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Author: WatanabeNorio, HorikoshiMasaru, YamadaMitsuhiko, ShimoderaShinji, AkechiTatsuo, MikiKazuhira, InagakiMasatoshi, YonemotoNaohiro, ImaiHissei, TajikaAran, OgawaYusuke, TakeshimaNozomi, HayasakaYu, FurukawaToshi A,

Smartphone-based CBT for depression
Switching antidepressants

Depression significantly affects quality of life, and many people don't fully recover even with antidepressants. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is another promising treatment, but access to therapists is limited. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of switching to a new antidepressant and starting a smartphone-based CBT program simultaneously, compared to just switching medications, for people with depression who haven't responded to initial treatment.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

109.

Counselling versus low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy for persistent sub-threshold and mild depression (CLICD): a pilot/feasibility randomised controlled trial.

Author: FreireElizabeth, WilliamsChristopher, MessowClaudia-Martina, CooperMick, ElliottRobert, McConnachieAlex, WalkerAndrew, HeardDeborah, MorrisonJill

Sub-threshold depression treatment

People with persistent depressive symptoms that don't meet the full criteria for major depression are at a high risk of developing major depression. Research on the long-term effectiveness of psychological treatments like Person-Centred Counselling and Low-Intensity Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for these milder forms of depression is limited.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

110.

Why is major depression prevalence not changing?

Author: PattenScott B, WilliamsJeanne V A, LavoratoDina H, BullochAndrew G M, WiensKathryn, WangJianLi

MDE reduction

While increased access to treatment should theoretically reduce depression, there's no evidence that this has happened. Possible explanations include: 1) Treatment may not be readily available, effective, or delivered well enough to have a significant impact, or 2) Benefits of treatment, like shorter episodes, might be offset by other factors like an increase in the number of depressive episodes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

111.

Effectiveness of a brief psychoeducational group intervention for relatives on the course of disease in patients after inpatient depression treatment compared with treatment as usual--study protocol of a multisite randomised controlled trial.

Author: FrankFabian, WilkJuliette, KristonLevente, MeisterRamona, ShimoderaShinji, HesseKlaus, BitzerEva-Maria, BergerMathias, HölzelLars P

Psychoeducation for relatives

This study investigated the effectiveness of psychoeducational group interventions for relatives of patients with depressive disorders to stabilize treatment outcomes and reduce relapses and rehospitalizations, building upon promising results seen in other mental health conditions.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

112.

A randomized controlled trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) versus treatment-as-usual (TAU) for chronic, treatment-resistant depression: study protocol.

Author: Cladder-MicusMira B, VrijsenJanna N, BeckerEni S, DondersRogier, SpijkerJan, SpeckensAnne E M

MBCT for depression

A large randomized controlled trial is needed to examine the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in reducing depressive symptoms in chronic, treatment-resistant depression, building on its effectiveness in recurrent and acute depression.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

113.

Comparing the Effects of Sertraline with Duloxetine for Depression Severity and Symptoms: A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: MowlaArash, DastgheibSeyed Ali, Razeghian JahromiLeila

Depression reduction

This randomized, double-blind trial compared the effects of sertraline and duloxetine in treating major depressive disorder (MDD). Both medications resulted in significant reductions in depression severity, with no significant difference between the two groups. However, the study found that duloxetine was more effective at improving psychomotor retardation, general somatic symptoms, and sexual problems, while sertraline was more effective at improving agitation, anxiety symptoms, and hypochondriasis.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

114.

Effect of a Web-Based Guided Self-help Intervention for Prevention of Major Depression in Adults With Subthreshold Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: BuntrockClaudia, EbertDavid Daniel, LehrDirk, SmitFilip, RiperHeleen, BerkingMatthias, CuijpersPim

Depression prevention

A web-based guided self-help intervention for the prevention of major depressive disorder reduced the incidence of MDD by 41% over 12 months, with a number needed to treat of 5.9.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

115.

Nepeta menthoides Boiss. & Buhse freeze-dried aqueous extract versus sertraline in the treatment of major depression: A double blind randomized controlled trial.

Author: KolouriSepideh, FiroozabadiAli, SalehiAlireza, ZarshenasMohammad M, DastgheibSeyed Ali, HeydariMojtaba, RezaeizadehHossein

Depression treatment

Depression is a widespread mental health condition, but current medications often have significant side effects. This has led researchers to explore alternative and traditional treatments for depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

116.

Efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a specialist depression service versus usual specialist mental health care to manage persistent depression: a randomised controlled trial.

Author: MorrissRichard, GarlandAnne, NixonNeil, GuoBoliang, JamesMarilyn, Kaylor-HughesCatherine, MooreRichard, RamanaRajini, SampsonChristopher, SweeneyTimothy, DalgleishTim,

Improved depression symptoms
Improved function

This study investigated the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of outpatient-based, specialist depression services (SDS) compared to treatment as usual (TAU) for patients with persistent moderate or severe unipolar depression, considering the long treatment durations needed for improvement.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

117.

Exercise and internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for depression: multicentre randomised controlled trial with 12-month follow-up.

Author: HallgrenMats, HelgadóttirBjörg, HerringMatthew P, ZeebariZangin, LindeforsNils, KaldoViktor, ÖjehagenAgneta, ForsellYvonne

Improved treatment response
Reduced depression severity

Prescribed exercise and clinician-supported internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy (ICBT) are both effective and should be considered for the treatment of mild to moderate depression in adults.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

118.

Efficacy of an adjunctive brief psychodynamic psychotherapy to usual inpatient treatment of depression: Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Author: de RotenYves, AmbresinGilles, HerreraFabrice, FassassiSylfa, FournierNicolas, PreisigMartin, DesplandJean-Nicolas

Improved response and remission rates
Reduced depression severity
Heterogeneous sample

Intensive and brief psychodynamic psychotherapy (IBPP) decreased observer-rated depression severity up to 12 months after the end of treatment in inpatients with major depressive episode.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

119.

A randomised controlled trial of Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy for treatment resistant depression: the Halifax Depression Study.

Author: TownJoel M, AbbassAllan, StrideChris, BernierDenise

ISTDP treatment
Partial remission
Remission

This study compared the effectiveness of time-limited Intensive Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (ISTDP) with treatment as usual (TAU) in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The study found that ISTDP was more effective than TAU at reducing depressive symptoms and achieving remission.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

120.

Effects of Patient Preferences on Outcomes in the Predictors of Remission in Depression to Individual and Combined Treatments (PReDICT) Study.

Author: DunlopBoadie W, KelleyMary E, Aponte-RiveraVivianne, Mletzko-CroweTanja, KinkeadBecky, RitchieJames C, NemeroffCharles B, CraigheadW Edward, MaybergHelen S,

Moderating effect of treatment preferences

This study evaluated the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and two antidepressant medications (escitalopram and duloxetine) in patients with major depression, investigating the moderating effect of treatment preferences on outcomes and identifying predictive factors for treatment response.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

121.

Cognitive-behavioural therapy and short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy versus brief psychosocial intervention in adolescents with unipolar major depression (IMPACT): a multicentre, pragmatic, observer-blind, randomised controlled trial.

Author: GoodyerIan M, ReynoldsShirley, BarrettBarbara, ByfordSarah, DubickaBernadka, HillJonathan, HollandFiona, KelvinRaphael, MidgleyNick, RobertsChris, SeniorRob, TargetMary, WidmerBarry, WilkinsonPaul, FonagyPeter

Depression treatment

Effective therapies exist for depression in teenagers, but it is unclear if these treatments can prevent depression from returning a year after treatment ends. This is important because keeping depression symptoms low can reduce the risk of depression recurring in adulthood.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Observational StudyResearch that observes and collects data on participants' behavior and outcomes in their natural state, without intervention.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

122.

[Behavioral activation programs: A tool for treating depression efficiently].

Author: DondéC, MoirandR, CarreA

Affordable
Effective MDD treatment
Simple

This review discussed the theoretical basis of behavioral activation (BA) and its application in clinical practice for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). BA is a behavioral therapy that helps patients increase their behaviors towards rewarding activities and decrease avoidant behaviors. The review also provided a systematic review of randomized controlled trials examining BA as a treatment for MDD. The review found that BA is an effective and affordable treatment for MDD.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : French

123.

Study protocol for a randomised pragmatic trial comparing the clinical and cost effectiveness of lithium and quetiapine augmentation in treatment resistant depression (the LQD study).

Author: MarwoodL, TaylorR, GoldsmithK, RomeoR, HollandR, PicklesA, HutchinsonJ, DietchD, CiprianiA, NairR, AttenburrowM-J, YoungA H, GeddesJ, McAllister-WilliamsR H, CleareA J

Treatment-resistant depression

About 30-50% of people with depression don't respond to standard treatments, and this is associated with a worse outlook. Lithium and quetiapine are two medications that are sometimes added to existing antidepressants for treatment-resistant depression, but it is unclear which is better. This study aims to compare the long-term effectiveness of these two treatments in a head-to-head trial.

Clinical Trial, Phase IVPost-marketing surveillance. Monitors long-term safety/efficacy after approval.
Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Pragmatic Clinical TrialA trial conducted in a real-world clinical setting. It evaluates the effectiveness of interventions in everyday healthcare environments.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

124.

Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of telephone-based cognitive-behavioural therapy in primary care: study protocol of TIDe - telephone intervention for depression.

Author: WatzkeBirgit, HallerElisa, SteinmannMaya, HeddaeusDaniela, HärterMartin, KönigHans-Helmut, WegscheiderKarl, RosemannThomas

This study discussed the challenges of improving access to evidence-based treatments for depression, particularly in primary care settings. It highlighted the potential of telephone-based treatment delivery to overcome barriers and optimize treatment pathways.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.

Language : English

125.

[Minimally invasive brain stimulation for unipolar depression].

Author: van EijndhovenP, TendolkarI, SchutterD J L G

Depression treatment
None mentioned

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for unipolar depression and is comparable to existing forms of medication and behavioural therapy. The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are promising, but more research is needed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : Dutch

126.

Smartphone Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as an Adjunct to Pharmacotherapy for Refractory Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: MantaniAkio, KatoTadashi, FurukawaToshi A, HorikoshiMasaru, ImaiHissei, HiroeTakahiro, ChinoBun, FunayamaTadashi, YonemotoNaohiro, ZhouQi, KawanishiNao

Accessibility
Improved depression
Limited context

A smartphone cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) app was more effective than medication switch alone in reducing depression severity and improving other symptoms in patients with antidepressant-resistant major depression. The patients allocated to the CBT app scored 2.48 points lower on the PHQ-9 than the control group at week 9. The treatment benefits were maintained up to week 17.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

127.

Early improvement and response to antidepressant medications in adults with major depressive disorder. Meta-analysis and study of a sample with treatment-resistant depression.

Author: OlgiatiPaolo, SerrettiAlessandro, SoueryDaniel, DoldMarkus, KasperSiegfried, MontgomeryStuart, ZoharJoseph, MendlewiczJulien

Improved MDD treatment

This meta-analysis investigated the association between early improvement in depressive symptoms during the first four weeks of antidepressant (AD) treatment and subsequent response and remission, examining its implications for treatment-resistant depression (TRD).

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

128.

Outcome of a three-phase treatment algorithm for inpatients with melancholic depression.

Author: VermeidenMarlijn, KampermanAstrid M, HoogendijkWitte J G, van den BroekWalter W, BirkenhägerTom K

Complete remission
Improved response

A 3-phase treatment algorithm, involving optimal antidepressant monotherapy followed by lithium addition and then electroconvulsive therapy if necessary, led to complete remission in 46% of inpatients with major depressive disorder.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

130.

Efficacy of extended clinical management, group CBT, and group plus individual CBT for major depression: Results of a two-year follow-up study.

Author: SchaubAnnette, GoldmannUlrich, MueserT Kim, GoerigkStephan, HautzingerMartin, RothElisabeth, CharyparMarketa, EngelRolf, MöllerHans-Jürgen

Depression treatment
Psychosocial functioning

Psychoeducational cognitive behavioral group therapy (PCBT-G) was equally effective as extended clinical management (E-CM) in reducing depressive symptoms and increasing psychosocial functioning in inpatients with major depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

131.

Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in major depression: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: VellekkattF, MenonV

Depression treatment

Vitamin D supplementation was found to have a moderate effect on reducing depression symptom scores in individuals with major depression. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.

Language : English

132.

Combining mirtazapine with SSRIs or SNRIs for treatment-resistant depression: the MIR RCT.

Author: KesslerDavid, BurnsAlison, TallonDebbie, LewisGlyn, MacNeillStephanie, RoundJeff, HollingworthWilliam, Chew-GrahamCarolyn, AndersonIan, CampbellJohn, DickensChris, MacleodUna, GilbodySimon, DaviesSimon, PetersTim J, WilesNicola

TRD treatment

Mirtazapine, in addition to a serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant, did not provide a clinically important benefit over placebo in primary care patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). There was no evidence that the addition of mirtazapine was cost-effective.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

133.

Activation therapy for the treatment of inpatients with depression - protocol for a randomised control trial compared to treatment as usual.

Author: AverillIan R E, BeagleholeBen, DouglasKatie M, JordanJennifer, CroweMarie T, InderMaree, LaceyCameron J, FramptonChristopher M, BowieChristopher R, PorterRichard J

Improved depression treatment

People with depression who are hospitalized have a poor long-term outlook, with high rates of suicide, ongoing health problems, and frequent hospital readmissions. Current treatment often relies on medication and focuses on safety. These patients also have significant cognitive problems, which affect their ability to function well. There is a need for new types of psychological treatments that address these challenges.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

134.

Protocol for a randomized controlled dismantling study of an internet-based intervention for depressive symptoms: exploring the contribution of behavioral activation and positive psychotherapy strategies.

Author: MiraAdriana, Díaz-GarcíaAmanda, CastillaDiana, CamposDaniel, RomeroSonia, Bretón-LópezJuana, García-PalaciosAzucena, BañosRosa, BotellaCristina

Improved depression treatment

While there are effective treatments for depression, it's unclear which parts of these treatments are most helpful. Additionally, most treatments focus on reducing negative symptoms, not on improving positive emotions and well-being, which are strongly linked to depression. This study aims to explore the potential of positive psychological strategies (PPs) to improve well-being in depression. It will also examine the specific contributions of different elements within internet-based depression treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

135.

Predictors of response to augmentation treatment in patients with treatment-resistant depression: A systematic review.

Author: TaylorRachael W, MarwoodLindsey, GreerBen, StrawbridgeRebecca, CleareAnthony J

Improved depression treatment

Treatment-resistant depression is a significant problem. This study investigates factors that predict response to antidepressant augmentation treatments, aiming to improve outcomes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

136.

Pharmacological interventions for treatment-resistant depression in adults.

Author: DaviesPhilippa, IjazSharea, WilliamsCatherine J, KesslerDavid, LewisGlyn, WilesNicola

Improved TRD treatment

Antidepressants are commonly used to treat moderate to severe depression, but many people don't see enough improvement. When this happens, it's called treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Unfortunately, there's limited research to guide doctors on the best next steps for treating these individuals.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

137.

Distress and anhedonia as predictors of depression treatment outcome: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Author: KhazanovGabriela K, XuColin, DunnBarnaby D, CohenZachary D, DeRubeisRobert J, HollonSteven D

Improved depression treatment

This study looked at how two key symptoms of depression – feeling distressed and having difficulty experiencing pleasure – impacted treatment outcomes for people with recurrent or chronic depression. Higher levels of distress and anhedonia (lack of pleasure) at the start of treatment were associated with a longer time to recover. Adding cognitive therapy (CT) to antidepressant medication (ADM) was helpful for those with high levels of distress and anhedonia, but not for those with lower levels. Therefore, measuring distress and anhedonia before treatment might help identify patients who would benefit from CT in addition to ADM.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

138.

Efficacy of Three Low-Intensity, Internet-Based Psychological Interventions for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: GiliMargalida, CastroAdoración, García-PalaciosAzucena, Garcia-CampayoJavier, Mayoral-CleriesFermin, BotellaCristina, RocaMiquel, Barceló-SolerAlberto, HurtadoMaría M, NavarroMªTeresa, VillenaAmelia, Pérez-AraM Ángeles, Riera-SerraPau, BañosRosa Mª

Depression treatment

Primary care doctors are often the first point of contact for depression treatment, but they often lack the time to provide the best care. While research has focused on short therapy sessions and online treatments based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), there is limited research on other approaches to treating depression using CBT. We need more research to explore alternative ways to help people with depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

139.

Coach-Facilitated Web-Based Therapy Compared With Information About Web-Based Resources in Patients Referred to Secondary Mental Health Care for Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author: MacLeanSarah, CorsiDaniel J, LitchfieldSadie, KucharskiJulia, GeniseKira, SelamanZeynep, TestaValerie, HatcherSimon

Depression treatment

Depression is a common mental health problem that can seriously impact people's lives. While therapy is recommended as the first treatment for mild to moderate depression, long wait times often mean people rely on medication.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

140.

Treating major depression and comorbid disorders with transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Author: ThompsonLauren

MDD treatment

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common and debilitating mental health condition. While antidepressants and therapy are often used, research has shown they may not always work well, especially if a person has another mental health condition at the same time.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

141.

Effectiveness of an alternative intervention in the treatment of depressive symptoms.

Author: Cardozo-BatistaLeandro, TucciAdriana Marcassa

Improved depression treatment

This study investigated the effectiveness of a natural therapy program combining mindfulness meditation, Reiki, acupuncture, and auriculotherapy for treating depression in people who were not using medication or traditional therapy for their symptoms. There is a lack of research on alternative treatments for depression, so this study aimed to explore this approach.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

142.

Effects of Psilocybin-Assisted Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: DavisAlan K, BarrettFrederick S, MayDarrick G, CosimanoMary P, SepedaNathan D, JohnsonMatthew W, FinanPatrick H, GriffithsRoland R

Psilocybin for MDD

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant health problem, and current treatments often have limited effectiveness and people don't always stick with them. New research suggests that one or two doses of psilocybin, a psychedelic drug, combined with therapy, may help reduce depression in people with cancer and those who haven't responded to other treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, N.I.H., ExtramuralResearch funding provided by the NIH to external research institutions and researchers.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

143.

One year follow-up and mediation in cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for adult depression.

Author: A-TjakJacqueline G L, MorinaNexhmedin, TopperMaurice, EmmelkampPaul M G

CBT and ACT for MDD

While treatments for depression are helpful, many people don't fully recover or experience a return of symptoms. This study examined the long-term effectiveness of two types of therapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for major depressive disorder (MDD). It tested whether CBT is more effective than ACT and if each therapy works through its intended mechanisms of change.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

144.

Antidepressant treatment for postnatal depression.

Author: BrownJennifer Valeska Elli, WilsonClaire A, AyreKaryn, RobertsonLindsay, SouthEmily, MolyneauxEmma, TrevillionKylee, HowardLouise M, KhalifehHind

Postnatal depression treatment

Postpartum depression, a common condition after childbirth, can negatively impact mothers, children, and families. This updated review examines the effectiveness of different antidepressant medications compared to placebos, standard care, or other treatments for postpartum depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

145.

Acceptability of escitalopram versus duloxetine in outpatients with depression who did not respond to initial second-generation antidepressants: A randomized, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial.

Author: NakagomeKazuyuki, YokoiYuma, NakagawaAtsuo, TaniMasayuki, NishiokaGentaro, YoshimuraNaoki, FurukawaToshiaki A, WatanabeKoichiro, MimuraMasaru, IwanamiAkira, AbeTakayuki

Major depressive disorder treatment

Antidepressants are common for treating major depressive disorder, but only about one-third of people respond well to the first medication they try. There isn't much research on what to do next when the first treatment doesn't work. Additionally, research suggests that how well people feel about their treatment (acceptability) is a good predictor of success.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Multicenter StudyResearch conducted in collaboration with multiple research institutions. It aims to collect a wide range of data and obtain more generalizable results.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

146.

Cognitive therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy reduce suicidal ideation independent from their effect on depression.

Author: van BentumJaël S, van BronswijkSuzanne C, SijbrandijMarit, LemmensLotte H J M, PeetersFrenk F P M L, DrukkerMarjan, HuibersMarcus J H

CT and IPT for depression

This study examined the impact of cognitive therapy (CT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) on suicidal ideation (SI) in patients with depression, exploring the temporal associations between depression and SI during therapy.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

147.

The importance of transdiagnostic symptom level assessment to understanding prognosis for depressed adults: analysis of data from six randomised control trials.

Author: O'DriscollC, BuckmanJ E J, FriedE I, SaundersR, CohenZ D, AmblerG, DeRubeisR J, GilbodyS, HollonS D, KendrickT, KesslerD, LewisG, WatkinsE, WilesN, PillingS

Depression treatment

Depression isn't just one condition; people experience it differently, often with other mental health problems like anxiety. Treatments work differently for various people, and anxiety can make depression harder to treat. We need a better understanding of depression, considering these differences, to improve treatment and outcomes.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

148.

Efficacy and Tolerability of Combination Treatments for Major Depression: Antidepressants plus Second-Generation Antipsychotics vs. Esketamine vs. Lithium.

Author: VázquezGustavo H, BahjiAnees, UndurragaJuan, TondoLeonardo, BaldessariniRoss J

TRD treatment

Treating major depressive disorder (MDD) can be difficult, and many people don't respond well to treatment. When this happens, options include increasing the dose of antidepressants, combining medications, adding other drugs, or using non-medication therapies. However, we need more research to compare how well these different approaches work and how safe they are, especially for newer medications like second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) and esketamine compared to lithium.

Comparative StudyResearch that compares multiple groups/interventions to determine differences/similarities in outcomes/characteristics.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

149.

Efficacy of amisulpride for depressive symptoms in individuals with mental disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: ZanganiCaroline, GiordanoBarbara, SteinHans-Christian, BonoraStefano, D'AgostinoArmando, OstinelliEdoardo Giuseppe

Amisulpride for depressive symptoms

This study investigated the effectiveness and safety of amisulpride, a medication, for treating depressive symptoms in people with various mental health disorders, even if they weren't formally diagnosed with depression. The researchers examined the effects of amisulpride alone and when used in addition to other treatments.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

150.

Efficacy of Augmentation of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Depression: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author: AustSabine, BrakemeierEva-Lotta, SpiesJan, Herrera-MelendezAna Lucia, KaiserTim, FallgatterAndreas, PlewniaChristian, MayerSarah V, DechantsreiterEsther, BurkhardtGerrit, StraußMaria, MaucheNicole, NormannClaus, FraseLukas, DeuschleMichael, BöhringerAndreas, PadbergFrank, BajboujMalek

MDD treatment
Safe and feasible
Further research needed
No superior efficacy

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) with concurrent transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) did not demonstrate superior efficacy compared to CBT alone or CBT with sham-tDCS for the treatment of major depressive disorder. The study confirmed that concurrent group CBT and tDCS is safe and feasible.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

151.

Does psychological process change during psychotherapy predict long-term depression outcome after successful cognitive therapy or interpersonal psychotherapy? Secondary analysis of a randomized trial.

Author: HuibersMarcus J H, van BronswijkSuzanne C, PeetersFrenk P M L, LemmensLotte H J M

CT and IPT for depression

This study investigated psychological process changes during cognitive therapy (CT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) for depression, finding that a decrease in dysfunctional attitudes and improved self-esteem were associated with better long-term outcomes.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

152.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of augmentation and combination treatments for early-stage treatment-resistant depression.

Author: ScottFraser, HampseyElliot, GnanapragasamSam, CarterBen, MarwoodLindsey, TaylorRachael W, EmreCansu, KorotkovaLora, Martín-DombrowskiJonatan, CleareAnthony J, YoungAllan H, StrawbridgeRebecca

MDD treatment

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of adding additional treatments (augmentation) to standard treatments for people with depression who haven't responded well to initial treatments. The study focuses on people with early-stage treatment-resistant depression (TRD) to find ways to improve outcomes for those who don't respond to standard treatments.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

153.

Psychological interventions to prevent relapse in anxiety and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: Krijnen-de BruinEsther, ScholtenWillemijn, MuntinghAnna, MaarsinghOtto, van MeijelBerno, van StratenAnnemieke, BatelaanNeeltje

Psychological relapse prevention interventions for anxiety disorders and MDD

This review evaluated the effectiveness of psychological relapse prevention interventions for patients with remitted anxiety disorders or major depressive disorders (MDD), considering their use as stand-alone interventions or in combination with maintenance antidepressant treatment.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

154.

The Efficacy of Mobile Phone-Based Interventions for the Treatment of Depression: A Systematic Meta-Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Author: AstafevaDarya, KolsanovAleksandr, ChaplyginSergey, YashikhinaAnna, CummingPaul, VlasovAndrei, SyunyakovTimur, SmirnovaDaria

Depression treatment

Depression is a major cause of disability globally. We need new ways to provide effective treatment for depression, given the shortage of mental healthcare resources, social distancing requirements during the pandemic, and the ongoing need for support for people with mild depression and those who have recovered from depression.

Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.

Language : English

155.

Efficacy of computer- and/or internet-based cognitive-behavioral guided self-management for depression in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Author: Mamukashvili-DelauMegi, KoburgerNicole, DietrichSandra, Rummel-KlugeChristine

Depression improvement
Quality of life improvement
Dropout rates

A meta-analysis of 19 studies found that computer-delivered and/or internet-based CBT self-help programs with minimal guidance were effective in improving depression symptoms. Combined guidance by email and telephone calls together had greater effects than other types of guidance.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

156.

The efficacy and safety of buprenorphine for the treatment of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: RibletNatalie B, Young-XuYinong, ShinerBrian, SchnurrPaula P, WattsBradley V

Depression treatment
Buprenorphine risks

This meta-analysis found that buprenorphine may have a small benefit for depressive symptoms. Future research should clarify the dose response relationship between buprenorphine and depression.

Meta-AnalysisA statistical technique that integrates the results of multiple studies to draw more general conclusions about a particular issue.
Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.Research funding provided by US government agencies other than the Public Health Service.

Language : English

157.

Duration of Adjunctive Antidepressant Maintenance in Bipolar I Depression.

Author: YathamLakshmi N, ArumughamShyam Sundar, KesavanMuralidharan, RamachandranKanchana, MurthyNithyananda S, SarafGayatri, OuyangYongdong, BondDavid J, SchafferAyal, RavindranArun, RavindranNisha, FreyBenicio N, DaigneaultAndrée, BeaulieuSerge, LamRaymond W, KondapuramNithin, ReddyM S, BhandaryR P, AshokMysore V, HaKyooseob, AhnYong Min, MilevRoumen, WongHubert, ReddyY C Janardhan,

Reduced relapse of depression
Increased mania/hypomania

Maintenance treatment with escitalopram or bupropion XL for 52 weeks did not demonstrate a significant benefit over treatment for 8 weeks in preventing relapse of any mood episode in patients with bipolar I disorder who had recently remitted a depressive episode. The trial was stopped early due to slow recruitment and funding limitations.

Randomized Controlled TrialA clinical trial that randomly assigns participants to treatment and control groups to evaluate the effects of an intervention.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.

Language : English

158.

Assessing Patient Adherence to and Engagement With Digital Interventions for Depression in Clinical Trials: Systematic Literature Review.

Author: ForbesAinslie, KeleherMadeline Rose, VendittoMichael, DiBiasiFaith

Depression treatment
Low patient engagement

This study discussed the potential of digital interventions for depression, considering the need for alternative treatment approaches and the challenges of low patient engagement.

Systematic ReviewA review that systematically collects, evaluates, and integrates relevant research to answer a specific research question.
Journal ArticleAn article published in an academic or professional journal that reports original research or scholarly analysis.
ReviewAn article that critically examines existing research on a particular topic and summarizes the current state of knowledge in the field.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tResearch funding provided by government agencies outside the United States.

Language : English

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